CBSE Class 12 History Colonial Cities Urbanization Planning and Architecture Assignment Set A

Key concepts in nutshell
Sources :- (I) Records of the East India company.
(ii) Census reports
(iii) Municipal reports.
♦ The urban population increased from about 10 % to 13 % during the period 1900-1940.
♦ During the end of the 18th century Madras, Bombay and Calcutta had developed into important ports.
♦ The ruling elite built racially exclusive clubs, race courses and theatres.
♦ The development of new modes of transportation such as horse drawn carriages, trams, buses etc. facilitated peoples to live at distant place from the places of their work.
♦ The rulers everywhere try to express their power through buildings. Many Indian adopted European styles of architecture as symbols of modernity and civilisation.
♦ The settlement of the local peoples were named “Black Town”. A fortification was built around the “ White Town” to separate it from the “ Black Town”.
Difficulties in collecting datas :-
(i) Peoples were unwilling to give correct informations.
(ii) Figure of mortality and diseases were difficult to collect.
Ports :- Madras, Bombay and Calcutta
Forts :- St. George in Madras and Fort William in Calcutta.

Question. To what extent are census data useful in reconstruction patterns of urbanization in the colonial context ? 
Answer: Census data are very useful in reconstructing pattern of urbanization in the colonial context.
(i) These data are useful of know exact number of population as well as the total population of white and blacks.
(ii) These data also tell us upto what extent total number of people or total population had been affected adversely by the fearful or deadly diseases.
(iii) Census data provide us complete information about total number of different communities, their language, their works and means of livelihood as well as about their caste and religion also.

Question. What were Civil Lines during the colonial rule? 
Answer: After the Revolt of 1857British attitudes in India were shaped by a constant fear of rebellion. They felt that towns needed to be better defended, and white people had to live in more secure and segregated enclaves, away from the threat of the “natives”.
Pasturelands and agricultural fields around the older towns were cleared, and new urban spaces called “Civil Lines” were set up. White people began to live in the Civil Lines.

Question. Why did the records of the colonial cities were preserved? 
Answer:
(i) Tow know the change of population.
(ii) For reconstructing the history of growth of the colonial cities.

Question. Write a common characteristics of the three colonial cities Bombay, Calcutta and Madras ?
Answer: The English East India Company established their administrative and trade centres in these cities. Ports developed near these cities.

Question. Write the names of any three hill stations established by the British in India?
Answer: Shimla, Mount Abu and Darjeeling.

Question. What were the new kinds of public places that emerged in the colonial city? what function did they serve ? 
Answer:
1. (1). By the 18th century , madras, Calcutta and Bomaby had become important points and cities. The settlement that came up here were convenient points for collecting goods. The English East India Company built its factories (i.e. mercantile offices) there and because of competition among European companies fortified there settlement for protection. In Madras, Fort St. George, in Calcutta Fort William and in Bombay the Fort marked out the areas of British settlement which were known as ‘White town’. The Indian Merchants, artisan and other women who had economic dealings with Europeans merchants lived outside their fort. These forts in settlement of train own known as ‘Black Towns’.
(2). After 1850s cottons mills were setup by Indian merchants and enterprenants in Bombay and European – owned jute mills were established in Rishra (1855) on the outskirts of Calcutta.
(3).Kanpur , Specializing in leather ,wooden and cotton textile an d Jamshedpur, specializing in steel were prominent.
(4). In 1864 Viceroy John Lawrence officially moved his councils to Shimla.

Question. Why were the hill stations developed in India by Britishers ?
Answer:
1. Need of British army.
2. Strategic places of Army.
3. Cool climate temptation for Britisher.
4. Free from epidemics.
5. Healthy climate
6. Home away home for Britishers.

Question. Assess the impact of health and defence needs on town planning in Colonial Calcutta.
Answer: In 1756, Sirajudula the Nawab of Bengal sacked the small fort which the British traders had built to house their goods. Consequently when Sirajudaula was defeated in the Battle of Plassey, the British built a new fort. Fort William could not be easily attacked.
Around Fort William, a vast open space was left which came to be known as the Maidan or garer-math. This was done so there would be no obstructions to a straight time of fire from the Fort against an advancing enemy army. Soon the British began to move out of the Fort and build residences along the periphery of the Maidan. This was how the English Settlement in Calcutta started taking shape. The vast open space around the Fort became Calcutta’s first significant town planning measure.
Lord Wellesley was concerned about the conditions that existed in the Indian part of the city the fith, overcrowding and the poor drainge. He wrote a minute (an administrative order) in 1803 on the need for town planning and set up various committees for this purpose.
It was believed that creating open places in the city would make the city healthier.
Consequently many bazaars, ghats, burial ground and tanneries were cleared or removed.
After Wellesley’s departure, the Lottery Committee carried on with the work of Town Planning. In its drive to make the Indian areas cleaner, the committee cleared the river bank of encroachment and pushed the poor to the outskirts of Calcutta.
The outbreak of cholera and plague epidemics in the 19th century gave a further impetus to town planning. The government believed that there was a direct link between living conditions and the spread of disease. Densely built up areas were regarded as insanitary as it obstructed sunlight and circulation of air.

Question. What was the condition of the cities during the colonial rule in India?
Answer:
1. New class of laborious poor and workers were emerging. Rural labourers were migrating to the cities for employment. Many were migrating due to the attractive city life.
2. Colonial rulers conducted surveys. They collected the statistical datas and published the governmental reports time to time.
3. Maps of Madras, Bombay and Culcutta were quiet different from the old ons. Architecture of the buildings were changed.
4. A large number of labours were coming to the hill stations where plantation of tea and coffe were done.
5. There were a number of opportunities for women in the cities. Some social reformers supported women educations which was opposed by the orthodox opposed it. Gradually the participation of women in public places increased.
They entered into the new occupations of the cities as maid, factory labourers, teachers, actress etc.

Question. How did prominent Indian merchants establish themselves in the colonial city?
Answer: Prominent Indian merchant establish themselves in colonial city in different phases.
They establish themselves in all the three metro colonial cities i.e., Madras (Channai), Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata).
First of all these Indian merchants tried to establish their relation of the agents of the company. As there all colonial cities were trade centre and administrative official. Therefore the Indian merchants could easily get establish their relation with the Europeans. There cities were having different types of comforts such as modern hotels, restaurant, lodging, boarding, transport fancilities, roadways and shipping.
Later on Bombay become a major trade centre of opium with China. Prominent Indian merchant played active role in collecting opium from different places of Rajasthan and Malwa. They use to bring opium on the back of horses, ponies, camels by road transport etc. They use to earn a lot of money as middle man between farmers and companies agents and officials. Not only East India Company but some of the government official and later or other European also participated in illegal trade of opium. The prominent Indian merchant became very rich. They constructed big building in all big cities of colonial period.
As the industrial revolution in England started and expanded.
These colonial cities became entry point for British manufacture goods and for the expert of Indian ram materials (which was to be used in large scale industries and factories of England). The prominent Indian merchant also participated in there trade activities.
The introduction of railways in 1853 meant a change in the fortunes of towns.
Economic activity gradually shifted away from traditional towns which were located along old routes and rivers. Every railway station became a collection depot for raw materials and a distribution point for imported goods. For instance, Mirzapur on the Ganges, which specialized in collecting cotton goods from the Deccan, declined when a railway link was made to Bombay. With the expansion of the railway network, railway workships and railways colonies were established Railways towns like Jamalpur, Waltair and Bareilly developed.
The Indian merchants included the people of different communities and castes such as Parsi, Marwari, Konkani, Arbs, Gujarati. Baniyas, Boras and Jews. Some of the members of this community invested money in modern big industry, shipping and Airlines also. They donated money for construction of inns, wells, tanks, temples, Mosque, Churches and other places of religion and worships.

Question. Describe the growth of cantonments in India ? 
Answer: For the defence of their Empire, the British Government established cantonments at strategic places. They also built cantonment on the borders of the many important native states to check the disturbance in these states and to control the activities of the rulers. In 1765, Lord Robert Clive initiated the policy of building cantonments for British troops to keep them “cantoned ” in one place, to enforce discipline and military way of life and also to keep them in a sanitized environment. During that time there were 62 cantonments in India. In the 18th and 19th centuries, the most important colonies in India were at Lahore, Peshawar, Ferozpur, Agra, Bareily, Jallandhar, Jhansi, Nagpur, Bombay, Calcutta, Madras and Delhi. The newly established cantonment at Bhatinda is the largest of the 62 cantonments in the country. The Director General of Defence Estates is the apex body of the Defence Estates organization having its offices in various parts of the country. It is entrusted with the task of administration of cantonments and management of defence lands both inside and outside the cantonments.
The cantonments are administered by the Cantonment Boards. The Cantonment Boards are atonomous bodies functioning under the overall control of the Central Government in the Ministry of Defence under the provisions of Cantonments Act, 1924. Cantonment Boards comprise of elected representatives besides ex-officio and nominated members, with the station Commander as the President of the Board. The Central Government provides financial assistance by way of grants in aid to a certain extent to a number of cantonments to balance their budget and for discharging their mandatory civic duties like provisions of public health, sanitation, primary education, street lighting, etc.

Question. What are the different colonial architectureal styles which can be seen in Bombay city ? 
Answer: The different colonial architectural styles which can be seen in Bombay city
(A) The new classical / The neo-classical
Its characteristics included construction of geometrical structure fronted with lofty pillars It was derived from a style that was originally typical of buildings in ancient Rome, and
was subsequently revived, re-adapted and made popular during the European Renaissance.
1 The Town Hall in Bombay
2 Elphinstone Circle / Horniman Circle
(B) The neo-Gothic
It is characterised by high-pitched roofs, pointed arches and detailed decoration. The Gothic style had its roots in buildings, especially churches, built in northern Europe during the
medieval period.
1 The Secretariat
2 University of Bombay
3 High Court of Bombay
4 Victoria Terminus
(C) The Indo-Saracenic
A new hybrid architectural style which combined the Indian with the European style. “Indo” was shorthand for Hindu and “Saracen” was a term Europeans used to designate Muslim.
1 The Gateway of India
2 The Taj Mahal Hotel

Passage based question :- 
Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follows :-
“Escaping to the Countryside”
This is how the famous poet Mirza Ghalib described what the people of Delhi did when the British forces occupied the city in 1857: Smiting the enemy and driving him before them, the victors (i.e., the British) overran the city in all directions. All whom they found in the street they cut down … For two to three days every road in the city, from the Kashmiri Gate to Chandni Chowk, was a battlefield. Three gates – the Ajmeri, the Turcoman and the Delhi – were still held by the rebels … At thenaked spectacle of this vengeful wrath and malevolent hatred the colour fled frommen’s faces, and a vast concourse of men and women … took to precipitate flightthrough these three gates. Seeking the little villages and shrines outside the city, they drew breath to wait until such time as might favour their return.

Question. Who was Mirza Ghalib ? 
Answer: Mirza Ghalib was a famous poet.

Question. What was happening in Delhi in 1857 and why ? 
Answer: After the revolt of 1857, Delhi was beseized by the rebels. But soon it was recovered by the British army.

Question. Which three gates were under the rebels, while British army was occupiying Delhi? 
Answer: The three gates were – the Ajmeri, the Turcoman and the Delhi.

Question. What was the condition of the people of Delhi ? 
Answer: The colour fled frommen’s faces, and a vast concourse of men and women took to precipitate flight through these three gates. Seeking the little villages and shrines outside the city, they drew breath to wait until such time as might favour their return.

Question. How did prominent Indian merchants establish themselves in the colonial city ?
Answer: Prominent Indian merchant establish themselves in colonial city in different phases. They establish themselves in all the three metro colonial cities i.e., Madras (Channai), Bombay (Mumbai) and Calcutta (Kolkata).

First of all these Indian merchants tried to establish their relation of the agents of the company. As there all colonial cities were trade centre and administrative official. Therefore the Indian merchants could easily getestablish their relation with the Europeans. There cities were having different types of comforts such as modern hotels, restaurant, lodging, boarding, transport fancilities, roadways and shipping.

Later on Bombay become a major trade centre of opium with China. Prominent Indian merchant played active role in collecting opium from different places of Rajasthan and Malwa. They use to bring opium on the back of horses, ponies, camels by road transport etc. They use to earn a lot of money as middle man between farmers and companies agents and officials. Not only East India Company but some of the government official and later or other European also participated in illegal trade of opium. The Indian prominent merchant become very rich. They constructed big building in all big cities of colonial period.

As the industrial revolution in England started and expanded. These colonial cities became entry point for British manufacture goods and for the expert of Indian ram materials (which was to be used in large scale industries and factories of England). The prominent Indian merchant also participated in there trade activities.

The introduction of railways in 1853 meant a change in the fortunes of towns. Economic activity gradually shifted away from traditional towns which were located along old routes and rivers. Every railway station became a collection depot for raw materials and a distribution point for imported goods. For instance, Mirzapur on the Ganges, which specialized in collecting cotton goods from the Deccan, declined when a railway link was made to Bombay. With the expansion of the railway network, railway workships and railways colonies were established Railways towns like Jamalpur, Waltair and Bareilly developed.

The Indian merchants included the people of different communities and castes such as Parsi, Marwari, Konkani, Arbs, Gujarati. Baniyas, Boras and Jews. Some of the members of this community invested money in modern big industry, shipping and Airlines also. They donated money for construction of inns, wells, tanks, temples, Mosque, Churches and other places of religion and worships.

Read the following passage carefully. Answer all the questions given after it.
Escaping to the country side. 
This is how the famous poet Mirza Ghalib described what the people of Delhi did when the British forces occupied the city in 1857.
Limiting the enemy and driving him before them, the vectors (i.e. the British) overran the city in all direction. All whom they found in street they cut down.
For two to three days every road in the city from the Kashmiri gate to Chandni Chowk, was a battle field. Three gates, the Ajmeri, the Turocaman and the Delhi were still held by the rebels at the naked spectacle of this vengeful wrath and malevolent hatred the colour fled from men’s faces and a vast concourse of men and women…. took to precipitate flight through these three gates. Seeking the little villages and shrewdness outside the city, they drew breath to wait until such time as might favour their return.

Based Questions

Question. Who was Mirza Ghalib? 
Answer: Mirza Ghalib was a famous Urdu Poet of Delhi in 19^th Century.

Question. What has been described by Ghalib about the people of Delhi when the British forces occupied the city in 1857? 
Answer: (a) The People of Delhi were driven by the vectors (i.e the British). Some rebels faced the British forces for two or three days. They kept under their control the gates of Delhi- the Ajmeri gate, the Turocaman gate and the Delhi gate.
(b) All the naked spectacle of the vengeful wrath and malevolent hatred the colour fled from men’s face.
(c) A vast concourse of men and women of Delhi took to percipate flight through different gates of the city.
(d)Seeking the little villages and shrines outside the city, the people of Delhi drew breathe to wait until such time as might favour their return.

Question. Describe the Role of the ‘British forces, just after occupying the city?
Answer: (i) Smiting the Mughal forces, other rebellious troops and the people of Delhi the British troops occupied most parts of the city in last days of the meeting
of 1857, the forces engaged themselves in overrunning the city in all direction.
(ii) All whom they found in the street they cut down. For two or three days every road in the city from the Kashmiri Gate to Chandni Chowk was a battlefield, after
three days most of the rebels were forced to send way to seek shelters in little villages and shrines.

Please refer to attached file for CBSE Class 12 History Colonial Cities Urbanization Planning and Architecture Assignment

Question. Name the function of management which involves setting objectives and developing appropriate courses of action to achieve these objectives.
(a) Directing
(b) Organising
(c) Planning
(d) Staffing
Answer: c

Question. Which of the following is not a benefit of planning?
(a) Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities.
(b) Planning is a mental exercise.
(c) Planning provides directions.
(d) Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty.
Answer: b
Explanation:
(b) Planning is a mental exercise (it is a feature of planning)

Question. Which of the following is a benefit of planning?
(a) Helps in avoiding confusion and misunderstanding.
(b) Ensures clarity in thought and action.
(c) Useless and redundant activities are minimised or eliminated.
(d) All of the above.
Answer: d

Question. Which of the following statements is not true with reference to planning?
(a) Planning is a pre-requisite for controlling.
(b) Planning does not lead to rigidity.
(c) Planning enables a manager to look ahead and anticipate changes.
(d) Planning facilitates co-ordination among departments and individuals in the organisation.
Answer: b
Explanation:
(b) Planning does lead to rigidity.

Question. What is known as the primary function of management?
(a) Controlling
(b) Organising
(c) Planning
(d) Staffing
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) Planning lays down the foundation for all other functions.

Question. Which of the following is not a feature of planning?
(a) Planning is futuristic.
(b) Planning is pervasive.
(c) Planning establishes standards for controlling.
(d) Planning focuses on achieving objectives.
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) it is a point of importance; Planning establishes standards for controlling.

Question. All other managerial functions are performed within the framework of the plans drawn. Identify the related feature of planning.
(a) Planning focuses on achieving objectives.
(b) Planning is pervasive.
(c) Planning is futuristic.
(d) Planning is primary function of management.
Answer: d
Explanation:
(d) Planning is the basis for all other functions of management.

Question. Planning requires logical and systematic thinking rather than guess work or wishful thinking. Identify the related feature of planning.
(a) Planning is futuristic.
(b) Planning is a mental exercise.
(c) Planning establishes standards for controlling.
(d) Planning focuses on achieving objectives.
Answer: b
Explanation:
(b) Planning is basically an intellectual activity of rational thinking.

Question. Planning cannot foresee everything, and thus, there may be obstacles to effective planning. Identify the related limitation of planning.
(a) Planning leads to rigidity.
(b) Planning may not work in a dynamic environment.
(c) Planning does not guarantee success.
(d) Planning reduces creativity.
Answer: b
Explanation:
(b) in business environment, nothing is constant as it consists of a number of dimensions: economic, political, physical, legal and social dimensions.

Question. It is not always true that just because a plan has worked before it will work again. Identify the related limitation of planning.
(a) Planning leads to rigidity.
(b) Planning reduces creativity.
(c) Planning may not work in a dynamic environment.
(d) Planning does not guarantee success.
Answer: d
Explanation:
(d) there are so many other unknown factors to be considered.

Question. Identify the correct sequence of steps involved in the planning process.
(a) Evaluating alternative courses, Identifying alternative course of actions, Setting objectives, Developing premises
(b) Setting objectives, Identifying alternative course of actions, Evaluating alternative courses, Developing premises
(c) Setting objectives, Developing premises, Identifying alternative course of actions, Evaluating alternative courses
(d) Setting objectives, Developing premises, Identifying alternative course of actions, Evaluating alternative courses
Answer: c

Question. They represent the end point of planning.
(a) Rules
(b) Methods
(c) Objectives
(d) Policies
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) All other managerial activities are also directed towards achieving these objectives.

Question. A strategy is derived from
(a) Policy
(b) Objective
(c) Method
(d) Rule
Answer: b
Explanation:
(b) a strategy is a comprehensive plan devised for attaining organisational objectives.

Question. A strategy is a comprehensive plan which will not include this dimension
(a) Determining long term objectives
(b) Adopting a particular course of action
(c) The ends which the management seeks to achieve by its operations
(d) Allocating resources necessary to achieve the objective
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) The ends which the management seeks to achieve by its operations – objective

Question. They provide a basis for interpreting strategy, which is usually stated in general terms.
(a) Policies
(b) Procedures
(c) Objectives
(d) Programmes
Answer: a
Explanation:
(a) Policies act as a guide to managerial action and decisions in the implementation . of strategy.

Question. They detail the exact manner in which any work is to be performed.
(a) Rules
(b) Methods
(c) Procedures
(d) Programmes
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) procedures are specified in a chronological order

Question. It helps to save time, money and effort, and increases efficiency.
(a) Procedure
(b) Programme
(c) Rule
(d) Method
Answer: d

Question. It is a plan which quantifies future facts and figures.
(a) Procedure
(b) Programme
(c) Rule
(d) Budget
Answer: d
Explanation:
(d) Budget is a numerical plan

Question. Which of the following is not a standing plan?
(a) Policy
(b) Procedure
(c) Programme
(d) Rule
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) Programmes are specific and can be implemented only one time.

Question. Which of the following is not a single use plan?
(a) Budget
(b) Programme
(c) Method
(d) All of the above
Answer: c
Explanation:
(c) Methods can be used repetitively to perform routine jobs.

Micromax was India’s largest seller of mobile handsets. It launched low-cost Chinese manufacturing with some smart packaging and features like long-lasting batteries and dual-sim functionality to garner 20% market share in India’s value-conscious mobile handset market.

Question. Identify the two types of plans being described in the above lines.
(a) Strategy and objective
(b) Rule and Programme
(c) Programme and objective
(d) Method and objective
Answer: a
Explanation:
(a) Strategy and objective

According to a survey, these days the young children have more power in purchasing decisions than ever before. The parents seek their kids’ opinions about all kinds of once-adult decisions, including where to go for dinner, what kind of car to buy, even what to wear. Therefore, the retailers are adapting to this by enhancing their kids’ sections. If the children want to shop in the store for their clothes, then there’s a greater chance the parent will also see something they want to buy as well.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Programme
(b) Method
(c) Strategy
(d) Rule
Answer: c

According to a survey of 250 consumer packaged goods (CPG) companies by a reputed firm, 75% of brand owners say they’re going to spend significantly more on packaging as it is critical to their brand’s success.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Rule
(b) Programme
(c) Strategy
(d) Method
Answer: c

According to the World Health Organization, 39% of adults are overweight. Consequently in the U.K., a sugar tax was introduced in 2018 on beverages containing more than 5% sugar to curb sugar intake.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Programme
(b) Method
(c) Strategy
(d) Rule
Answer: c

According to the Economic Survey, insights from behavioural economics can be strategically utilised to create an aspirational agenda for social change – from BBBP (BetiBachaoBetiPadhao) to BADLAVL (BetiAapkiDhan Lakshmi Aur Vijay Lakshmi); from Swachh Bharat to Sundar Bharat; from ‘Give It Up’ for the LPG subsidy to ‘Think about the Subsidy’ and from tax evasion to tax compliance.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Programme
(b) Method
(c) Strategy
(d) Rule
Answer: a

Question. Shubham wants to increase the sale of his business by 15% in the next quarter. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Objective
(c) Strategy
(d) Programme
Answer: b

Packaging is said to have the unique capacity to make products stand out in a crowded marketplace. Therefore, convenience of the consumer is at the top of mind of the marketers as they are focussing on developing packaging that’s easier to open, to protect against breakage, maintain freshness during delivery and keep a consistent look and feel across multiple channels.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Programme
(b) Method
(c) Strategy
(d) Rule
Answer: c

Based on National Common Mobility Card standards, India’s first indigenously developed inter-operable transport card was launched in March 2019 to make travel across various modes convenient.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Strategy
(b) Programme
(c) Method
(d) Rule
Answer: a

India is world’s third largest domestic aviation market. The government plans to make India a hub for financing aircraft purchases and leasing of planes. In order to promote this, the government has announced tax incentives, like tax deductions, for companies setting up business in IFSC for fifteen years.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Rule
Answer: b

The government has been doubling down on its efforts to switch to 100% electric vehicles by 2030. Many companies such as Tata Motors, Kinetic Motors, Maruti Suzuki and Hyundai Motors are all readying their EV models for a 2020 launch in order to support the plan.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Objective
Answer: b

In order to encourage technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), the internet of things (iot) and virtual reality (VR), the government is planning to launch a scheme to invite foreign companies through a transparent bidding process, to set up plants for manufacturing semi-conductors, solar photo voltaic cells, lithium cell batteries, solar electric charging vehicles, computer servers, and laptops in India.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Objective
Answer: b

Ketan Enterprises adopts different ways to provide training to employees, like Job Rotation, Coaching, Vestibule Training, Conference, Lecture Method and Role Playing.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Procedure
Answer: a

Swatch Ltd. plans to earn a 20% return on its investment in a new project.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Objective
Answer: d

Deepak is striving to earn a profit of 30% in the current financial year.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Objective
(c) Strategy
(d) Programme
Answer: b

Question. Name the type of budget which is prepared to determine the net cash position.
(a) Purchase budget
(b) Sales budget
(c) Cash budget
(d) Production budget
Answer: c

In 2019 alone, Swiggy has launched operations in 300 towns and cities. Swiggy follows a two-step sequence while expanding to a small town. First, it provides more laborious training to restaurants and delivery partners compared to their counterparts in the city. Second, it focuses on building scale in operations and increase the restaurant’s reach to a larger base of consumers, including optimizing kitchens, resource planning among others.

Question. Identify the type of plan being described in the above lines.
(a) Method
(b) Strategy
(c) Programme
(d) Procedure
Answer: b