NCERT Book Class 10 Economics Sectors Of The Indian Economy

CHAPTER 2: SECTORS OF THE INDIAN ECONOMY

An economy is best understood when we study its components or sectors. Sectoral classification can be done on the basis of several criteria. In this chapter, three types of classifications are discussed: primary/secondary/tertiary; organised/ unorganised; and public/private. You can create a discussion about these types by taking examples familiar to the students and relate them to their daily life. It is important to emphasise the changing roles of sectors. This can be highlighted further by drawing attention of the students to the rapid growth of service sector. While elaborating the ideas provided in the chapter, the students may need to be familiarised with a few fundamental concepts such as Gross Domestic Product, Employment etc. Since the students may find this difficult to understand, it is necessary to explain to them through examples. Several activities and exercises are suggested in the chapter to help the students understand how a person’s activity could be placed — whether in the primary, secondary or tertiary, organised or unorganised, and public or private sector. You may encourage the students to talk to various working people around them (such as shop owners, casual workers, vegetable vendors, workshop mechanics, domestic workers etc.) to know more about how they live and work. Based on such information, the students can be encouraged to develop their own classification of economic activities.

Another important issue to be highlighted is about the problems caused by the changes in the roles of sectors. The chapter has taken the example of unemployment and what the government can do to solve it. The declining importance of agriculture and growing importance of industry and services should be related to the experience of the children by taking  more examples that they may observe intheir day-to-day life. Information derived from the media could be used for this purpose. You may encourage the students to bring important cuttings and stories

from newspapers, which could be prominently displayed in storyboards, and encourage the class to discuss these issues. While discussing the unorganised sector, the key issue of protecting the workers engaged in the sector should be highlighted. You may also encourage the students to visit persons and enterprises in the unorganised sector and get a first hand experience from real life situation.

Sources for Information

The GDP data used in this chapter pertaining to Gross Domestic Product at Factor Cost by Industry of Origin at 1993-94 prices is taken from Economic Survey. It is a valuable source of GDP and other information relating to the Indian economy. For evaluation purposes, particularly to develop the analytical ability of learners, teachers can refer to Economic Survey to get data for different years. The employment figures are based on data taken from the five-yearly surveys on employment and unemployment conducted by the National Sample Survey Organisation (NSSO). NSSO is an organisation under the Ministry of Statistics, Planning and Programme Implementation, Government of India. The website you can log onto is:http:/mospi.nic.in. Employment data is als available from other sources such as Census of India.

UNDERSTANDING ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Let us look at these pictures. You will find that people are engaged in various economic activities. Some of these are activities producing goods. Some others are producing services. These activities are happening around us every minute even as we speak. How do we understand these activities? One way of doing this is to group them (classify them) using some important criterion. These groups are also called sectors. There could be several ways of classification depending on the purpose and what one thinks is an important criterion.

EXERCISES

1. Fill in the blanks using the correct option given in the bracket:

(i) Employment in the service sector _________ increased to the same extent as production. (has / has not)

(ii) Workers in the _________ sector do not produce goods. (tertiary / agricultural)

(iii) Most of the workers in the _________ sector enjoy job security. (organised / unorganised)

(iv) A _________ proportion of labourers in India are working in the unorganised sector. (large / small)

(v) Cotton is a _________ product and cloth is a _________ product. [natural /manufactured]

(vi) The activities in primary, secondary and tertiary sectors are_________ [independent / interdependent]

2. Choose the most appropriate answer.

(a) The sectors are classified into public and private sector on the basis of:

(i) employment conditions

(ii) the nature of economic activity

(iii) ownership of enterprises

(iv) number of workers employed in the enterprise

(b) Production of a commodity, mostly through the natural process, is an activity in _________ sector.

(i) primary

(ii) secondary

(iii) tertiary

(iv) information technology

(c) GDP is the total value of _________ produced during a particular year.

(i) all goods and services

(ii) all final goods and services

(iii) all intermediate goods and services

(iv) all intermediate and final goods and services

(d) In terms of GDP the share of tertiary sector in 2003 is _________

(i) between 20 per cent to 30 per cent

(ii) between 30 per cent to 40 per cent

(iii) between 50 per cent to 60 per cent

(iv) 70 per cent

Please refer to attached file for NCERT Class 10 Economics Sectors Of The Indian Economy