CBSE Class 9 Science Natural Resources assignment Set B

Very Short answer Type Question

Question. How does deficiency of nutrients affect the crop?
Answer: Physiological processes can be affected by deficiency of any nutrient in plants including reproduction, growth and susceptibility to diseases.

Question. Name two kharif crops.
Answer: Paddy and soyabean.

Question. Name two rabi crops.
Answer: Wheat and gram.

Question. Name four marine fish varieties.
Answer: Pomphret, mackerel, tuna and sardines.

Question. From where do plants get nutrients?
Answer: Air, water and soil provides nutrients to plants.

Question. Differentiate between milch and draught animals.
Answer: Milk producing animals are called mulch animals. Animals used for farm labour are called draught animals.

Question. Name the two vitamins which are added in the poultry feed.
Answer: Vitamins A and K.

Question. Organism which enriches the soil with nutrients is called biofertilizers.
(a) Write its advantage. (b) Give example.
Answer: (a) Biofertilizers are non-pollutant sources of plant nutrients. They are renewable.
(b) Example of biofertilizers are- Rhizobium, Blue green algae.

Question. A group of Science Club students made a compost pit in the school, they collected all bio-degradable waste from the school canteen and used it to prepare the compost.
(a) Name, two waste that can be used for the compost and two wastes obtained from canteen which cannot be used for the compost making.
(b) What is the other important component required for making the compost?
Answer: (a) Two waste used for compost are vegetable peels and fruit peels. Two waste materials that cannot be used as compost are polythene bags and plastic items.
(b) Bacteria and fungi present in soil are the other important component for making compost.

Question. What is organic farming?
Answer: Farming method in which no chemical fertilizers, pesticides or herbicides are used. Instead of using chemical, farmer uses all organic matter for growth of crops. Example : Manure, neem leaves as pesticides and for grain storage.

Question. Mention the components of food present in vegetable and fruits.
Answer: Vegetables, spices and fruits provide a range of vitamins and minerals in addition to small amounts of proteins, carbohydrates and fats.

Question. In what way broilers, feed is different from layers?
Answer: Broilers, feed is protein rich with adequate fat. The level of vitamins A and K is kept high in the poultry feeds.

Question. Which one broilers or layers mature earlier?
Answer: Broilers have fast growth rate.

Question. What type of shelter is provided to broiler and layers?
Answer: Broilers do not require much space and lighting.

Question. Name two breeds of cows selected for long lactation period.
Answer: After giving the birth of a calf, a cow secretes milk. The duration of milk secretion of a cow that is the  period of time till which the cow secretes milk is known as lactation period. Brown Swiss and jersey are selected for their long lactation period.

Question. How do plants get nutrients?
Answer: Nutrients are supplied to plants by air, water and soil. Air supplies carbon and oxygen, hydrogen comes from water and soil supplies the other thirteen nutrients to plants.

Question. State the preventive and control measures used before grains are stored.
Answer: (i) Cleaning of the grains.
(ii) Keep seeds in sunlight to provide moisture.
(iii) Using chemicals that kills pest.

Question. Give technical term for milk producing females and farm labour animals.
Answer: Milk-producing females are called milch animals (dairy animals), while the ones used for farm labour are called draught animals.

Question. List two desirable traits for fodder crops.
Answer: Tallness and profused branching are the desired characteristics for producing a higher yield of fodder crops.

Question. What are the major group of activities involved for improving of crop yields?
Answer: (i) Crop variety improvement
(ii) Crop production improvement
(iii) Crop protection improvement

Question. Name any two fodder crops.
Answer: Berseem and sudan grass are raised as food for the livestock, called fodder crops.

Question. How does Bos indicus differ from Bos bubalis?
Answer: Bos indicus is a cow while Bos bubalis is a buffalo.

Question. Name two types of food required for milch animals.
Answer: Maintenance requirement – food required to keep animal healthy. Milk producing requirement – food required for increased lactation animal food includes roughage and concentrate also.

Question. Name the cereals which provide us carbohydrate for energy requirement.
Answer: Cereals such as wheat, rice, maize, millets and sorghum provide us carbohydrate for energy requirement.

Question. Give difference between apiculture and aquaculture.
Answer: Domestication of honeybees or production of honey and wax on commercial bases is called apiculture. Farming and management of fish and other aquatic animals and plants in water is called aquaculture.

Question. Why there is necessity of animal husbandry?
Answer: To fulfil growing demand for milk, eggs and meat and providing self employment livestock production is needed.

Question. State the reason of introducing Italian bee variety in bee farms.
Answer: An Italian bee variety, A mellifera, has also been brought in to increase yield of honey.

Question. Which nutrients are supplied by cereals and pulses?
Answer: Carbohydrate is supplied by cereals and protein is supplied by pulses.

Question. Why do we eat pea and groundnut?
Answer: Pea (matar) provides us protein whereas groundnut provide us necessary fats.

Question. What is the tremendous increase in the production of eggs in India known as?
Answer: Golden revolution and Silver revolution.

Question. Distinguish between a mullet and a prawn.
Answer: Mullet is a type of fish while prawn is a crustacean. Both live in water and serve as a food supplement worldwide. Prawn belongs to group arthropoda whereas mullet belongs to group Pisces.

Question. Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.
Answer: Continuous plantation of crops in a field affects soil fertility. Plants utilize all the nutrients from soil which leads to depletion of nutrients in the soil. As a result, soil fertility reduces drastically.

Question. A group of gardening club students prepared a  kitchen garden in the school campus and did organic farming to grow the vegetables. Then the students presented their group work in the assembly to spread the awareness and make students understand the importance of organic products.
(a) What is horticulture?
(b) What is green manure?
Answer: (a) Hotriculture is the commercial production of vegetables and fruits.
(b) The green plants like sun hemp are turned into the soil which enriches the soil with nitrogen and phosphorus and is called green manure.

Question. What is meant by bee-keeping?
Answer: Rearing of bees for the production of honey on a large scale is called bee-rearing.

Question. Name two exotic breeds of cattle.
Answer: Jersey and Brown Swiss

Short answer Type Question

Question. Name any three methods of irrigation and briefly describe them.
Answer: (a) Drip irrigation : In this kind of irrigation, water is supplied drop by drop near the roots of the crops or plants. They is generally used in the areas where there is a scarcity of water. However, it is very expensive.
(b) Sprinkler system : In this system, the water escapes from the revolving nozzles and is sprinkled like rain on the crops. This system is used for sandy soils and uneven land.
(c) Surface irrigation : Method to supply water to agricultural lands from well, river, dam, etc.

Question. What is meant by bee-keeping? Name : (a) the variety commonly used for commercial honey production. (b) the variety having high honey collection capacity.
State how pasturage is related to honey production.
Answer: Beekeeping is the practice of rearing bee for making honey (a) Indian bee (Apis ceranaindica), (b) The Italian (Apis mellifera) bees have high honey collectioncapacity. Pasturage is the availability of flowers to the bees for nectar and pollen collection. Pasturage is related to honey production because it determines the taste of honey and the quantity of honey.

Question. What is the advantage of composite fish culture?
Answer: The composition of six species of fish in composite fish is highly advantageous because:
(i) These fishes do not compete for food among themselves
(ii) They have different food habit
(iii) Food in all parts of pond is utilized due to different food habits

Question. Why Apis mellifera is adopted for domestication to produce honey?
Answer: The Italian species of honey bee, i.e. Apis mellifera is adopted for its many good qualities. They :
(i) sting less
(ii) have good honey collection capacity
(iii) produce with less swarming
(iv) have ability to protect itself from enemy
(v) stay in beehives for a long time

Question. Arrange the following boxes in proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.
Answer: Sending crop to sugar factory ” Irrigation ” Harvesting ” Sowing ” Preparation of soil ” Ploughing the field ” Manuring Preparation of soil ” Ploughing the field ” Manuring ” Sowing ” Irrigation ” Harvesting ” Sending crop to sugar factory.

Question. What are manures? Give its classification.
Answer: Substance rich in organic matter and also supplies small quantities of nutrients to soil is called manure. Manure is classified based on the kind of biological material used to make it as :
(i) Compost, (ii) Vermi-compost, (iii) Green manure.
(i) Compost : The manure prepared by decomposing farm waste, livestock excreta, plant waste, etc. in a pit is known as compost.
(ii) Vermi-compost : When the above given matter is allowed to decompose in the pit along with some earthworms to fasten the process of decomposition is called vermi-composting.
(iii) Green manure : Some plants like sun-hemp are used to prepare manure by mulching them into oil by plough is known as green manure.

Question. What are weeds? How can we control them? Give different methods of weed control.
Answer: Unwanted plants which grow along with crops are called weeds. Weeds compete with crops for natural resources; like sunlight, water and nutrients. Thus, weeds hamper the growth of crops. Weeds are usually removed manually by hands and by sickles. This process is called weeding. Sometimes, weedicides are also sprayed to kills weeds. Weeds can be controlled by different methods :
(a) Weedicides : These are the chemicals sprayed on the weeds to kill them. Excessive use is poisonous and causes environmental pollution.
(b) Mechanical removal : In this method weeds are uprooted by removing manually or by machines.
(c) Preventive methods : Proper seed bed preparation, timely sowing of crops, intercropping and crop rotation helps in weed control.

Question. Explain different types of fisheries.
Answer: The different types of fisheries are marine fisheries; inland fisheries, capture fishing, mariculture and aquaculture.
(i) Marine fisheries : Marine fishes are caught using fishing nets.
(ii) Mariculture : Marine .fishes are cultured in seawater.
(iii) Inland fisheries : The fisheries done in freshwater resources like canals, ponds, reservoirs and rivers.
(iv) Capture fishing : It is done in sea-water, estuaries and lagoons.
(v) Aquaculture : Culture of fish done in different water bodies is called aquaculture.

Question. What factors may be responsible for losses of grains during storage? Also mention any two preventive measures to control loss of grains during storage.
Answer: Factors responsible for losses are :
Biotic : Insects, rodents, fungi, mites and bacteria.
Abiotic : Inappropriate moisture and temperatures in the place of storage. Cleaning of the produce before storage, proper drying of the produce first in sunlight and then in shade, and fumigation are preventive measures to control loss of grains during storage.

Question. What are the different ways/methods of hybridisation?
Answer: Hybridisation can be :
(i) Intervarietal – between different varieties of crops
(ii) Interspecific – between two species of same genus
(iii) Intergeneric – between two different genera

Question. What are the various methods of irrigation in India?
Answer: Most of agriculture in India is rain-fed, several different kinds of irrigation system are adopted to supply water to agricultural lands. The resources are-wells, canals,rivers and tanks.
(i) Wells : Dug wells and tube wells. In dug wells water is collected from water— bearing strata.
(ii) Tubewells : Water from deeper strata.
(iii) Canals : Most extensive irrigation system. Canals receive water from reservoirs or rivers. The main canal is divided into branch canals having further distributaries to irrigate fields.
(iv) River lift system : Water is directly drawn from the river for supplementing irrigation in areas close to rivers.
(v) Tanks : These are small storage reservoirs, which intercept and store the run-off of smaller catchment areas.

Question. Define manures. What are its three different kinds? State two limitations of manures.
Answer: Manure is an organic matter prepared by the decomposition of animal excreta and plant waste. They are : Compost, vermi-composting and green manure.
Two limitations of manures are :
(i) Supplies small quantities of nutrients to the soil
(ii) Losses about half the available nitrogen
(iii) Releases greenhouse gases

Question. What are the different patterns of cropping?
                               or
What are the different cropping systems?
Answer: Different systems of growing crop :
(a) Mixed cropping : Two or more crops grow simultaneously on the same piece of land, is called mixed cropping.
Example : Wheat + grain, wheat + mustard.
(ii) Inter-cropping : It is a method of growing two or more crops simultaneously on the same field in a definite pattern. A few row of one crop alternate with a few rows of second crop.
Example : Soyabean + Maize or Bajra + Lobia.
(iii) Crop rotation : The growing of different crops on a piece of land in a succession is known as crop rotation.

Question. Name two fresh initiatives taken to increase the water availability for agriculture.
Answer: Two new irrigation systems have been developed to save water and increase the availability of water to the crops. These are :
(1) Drip irrigation system : Here, water is supplied to the roots of the plants directly in a drop wise manner. This prevents unnecessary wastage of water.
(2) Sprinkler system : Here water is sprinkled over the crops like it happens in rain. So, water is absorbed by the soil in a better way.

Question. If wheat is sown in the kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.
Answer: The crop of wheat needs mild to moderate temperature and frost free days; along with irrigation but no water logging. Winters are suitable for growing wheat. In the kharif season; which coincides with the peak summer months in India, temperature is at its peak which is not suitable for wheat. Moreover, during rainy season lot of water accumulates in fields which would be harmful for wheat crop. Hence, if wheat is sown in the kharif season; the productivity would be minuscule and would not be profitable for the farmers.