CBSE Class 3 Mathematics Subtraction Worksheet Set 01

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

This lesson will help you to :—
• understand the concept of subtraction using a 10 x 10 grid.
• subtract 2 digit numbers.
• subtract 3 digit numbers.
• subtract 4 digit numbers.
• apply subtraction to real life situations.

Real Life Examples
• Elevator is a real life example of addition and subtraction.
The ground floor is considered to be 0.
• Subtraction helps in calculating the amount left in bank account after debits

QUICK CONCEPT REVIEW
Subtraction is taking away a certain number of objects from a bigger set of objects.

Amazing Facts

• Subtract is formed by two words “sub” and “tract”.
“Sub” means “below” and “tract” means “to pull away”.
• When we subtract zero from a particular number (or digit of a number) we get the number (or the digit) itself.
For example: 413 - 0 = 413

MORE ABOUT SUBTRACTION
• Subtraction is one of the basic four operations.
• It is denoted by the symbol “-”.
For example: 12 subtracted from 45 can be written as 45 - 12.
• The number of items left after subtraction is called “difference”.
• A 10 x 10 number grid is a helpful tool to subtract 2-digit numbers.
• Some words that denote subtraction are “minus”, “take away” and “left”.
• Subtraction can be done in different ways
→ Counting in tens : 47 - 34 = 47 – 10 -10-10-4
→ Place value: 56 - 13
6 – 3 = 3
50 – 10 = 40
40 + 3 = 43
• To make subtraction easier it is important to regroup the numbers.
For example: 781 - 676
subtract the ones = 11 - 6 = 5
subtract the tens = 70 – 70 = 0
subtract the hundreds = 700 – 600 = 100
100 + 5 = 105
Similarly for four digit numbers first of all subtract ones digit, then tens, then hundreds and then thousands respectively.
Subtract 8564 – 7120
Step –1 : Subtract the ones.
Step –2 : Subtract the tens.
Step–3 : Subtract the hundreds.
Step 4 : Subtract the thousands

So, 8564 – 7120 = 1444

Historical Preview
• The plus and minus symbols were in use before they appeared in print.
For example, they were painted on barrels to indicate whether or not the barrels were full.

Misconcept/ Concept
Misconcept: Subtraction is commutative.
Concept: Subtraction is not commutative.
For example: 18 – 13 is not equal to 13 – 18

PROPERTIES OF SUBTRACTION

Property-1 
When we subtract zero from a number, we get the same number.
Example : 26 – 0 = 26

Property-2
When we subtract 1 from a number, we get the predecessor of the other number.
Example : 45 – 1
= 44 (Predecessor)

Property-3
When we subtract a number from itself, the difference is zero.
Example : 126 – 126 = 0

PLAY TIME :
• Pick up a 3 digit number. Mix the digits of the number and form a new 3-digit number.
Subtract the smaller number from the bigger number.

Do you Know?
• Numbers can be added in any order but they cannot be subtracted in any order.

Question. Find the missing digit.
5? – 21 = 35
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
Answer : (D) Consider the unit digit in both numbers on LHS so ‘?’ – 1 = 5 = > ? = 6
56 – 21 = 35

Question. Find the missing digit.
906 – 5?5 = 351
(a) 3
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 6
Answer : (C) 906 – 555 = 351

Question. Find the missing number.
670 : 620 :: 140 : ?
(a) 150
(b) 190
(c) 90
(d) 50
Answer : (C) 670 – 50 = 620
140 – 50 = 90
So ? = 90

Question. Find the difference between 245 and 300.
(a) 45
(b) 50
(c) 55
(d) 65
Answer : (C) As 300 – 245 = 55

Question. Find the missing number.
350 : 100 : : ? : 200
(a) 260
(b) 110
(c) 210
(d) 450
Answer : (D) 350 – 250 = 100
450 – 250 = 200

Question. Simplify:
14 + 4 – 4 – 3
(a) 11
(b) 12
(c) 13
(d) 14
Answer : (A) Since 14 + 4 – 4 – 3 = 18 – 4 – 3 = 14 – 3 = 11

Question. Find the missing number.
340, 310, ___, 250, ____
(a) 280, 220
(b) 210, 280
(c) 270, 210
(d) 270, 220
Answer : (A) Subtract 30 from each term to get the next term.
340 -30 = 310
310 – 30 = 280
280 – 30 = 250
250 – 30 = 220

Question. Simplify: [{(160 – 56) – 3} – 20]
(a) 85
(b) 81
(c) 80
(d) 82
Answer : (B) Since [{(160 – 56)–3}–20]
= [{104 – 3} – 20]
= [101 – 20] = 81

Question. Find the missing number.
_____, 650, 635, 620, _____.
(a) 665, 595
(b) 675, 595
(c) 665, 605
(d) 675, 605
Answer : (C) Subtract 15 from each term to get the next term.
665 -15 = 650
650 – 15 = 635
635 – 15 = 620
620 – 15 = 605

Question. Which number makes the equation true?
? – 456 = 888 - 555
(a) 789
(b) 333
(c) 889
(d) 779
Answer : (A) 789 – 456 = 888 – 555 = 333

Question. Which of the following is true?
(a) 33 is less than 23
(b) 43 is less than 33
(c) 23 is more than 33
(d) 43 is more than 33
Answer : (D) 43 is more than 33

Question. Which number makes the equation true?
657 – ? = 681 - 242
(a) 220
(b) 228
(c) 218
(d) 219
Answer : (C) 657 – 218 = 681 - 242= 439

Question. Which of the following is same as 12 – 3?
(a) 12 – 9
(b) 3 + 6
(c) 12 – 6
(d) 9 + 6
Answer : (B) Since 12 – 3 = 9 and 3 + 6 = 9

Question. Which number makes the equation true?
200 – 150 = 678 - ?
(a) 628
(b) 528
(c) 523
(d) 623
Answer : (A) 200 – 150 = 678 - 628= 50

Question. Simplify: 100 – 10- (100 – 10)
(a) 0
(b) 100
(c) 90
(d) 100
Answer : (A) As 100 – 10 – (100 – 10) = 90 – (90) = 0

Question. What is the missing number that makes the number sentence true?
? + 19 + 7 = 33
(a) 6
(b) 7
(c) 58
(d) 59
Answer : (B) As 19 + 7 = 26 and 33 – 26 = 7

Question. Which number makes the equation true?
66 – ? = 80 – 32
(a) 68
(b) 18
(c) 58
(d) 38
Answer : (B) 66 – 18 = 80 – 32 = 48

Question. Which one of the following numbers should be subtracted from to 67 get 37 ?
(a) 30
(b) 37
(c) 31
(d) 27
Answer : (A) As 67 – 30 = 37

Question. Which number makes the equation true?
99 – 22 = 88 - ?
(a) 13
(b) 10
(c) 12
(d) 11
Answer : (D) 99 – 22 = 88 - 11 = 77

UNIT – 3 – SUBTRACTION

I. Fill in the blanks :

1. The answer in subtraction is called the ______________________________.

2. When we subtract a number from itself, the answer is always _______________

3. When we subtract zero from a number, the answer is the ___________________

4. 29 – 10 = _______________________.

5. 253 – 0 = _______________________.

6. 500 – 1 = _______________________.

7. 6954 – 6954 = ________________________.

8. 1000 – 1 = __________________________.

9. 30 – 29 = _____________________.

10. In 78 – 28 = 50, the difference is ____________________________.

II. Subtract the following :

742 – 420

98 – 73

9872 – 3572

8379 – 4299

573 – 278

2003 – 1049

5000 – 695

632 – 289

6700 – 2935

Page 10

Unit - 3 - Subtraction

I. Fill in the blanks :
1. The answer in subtraction is called the ______________________________.
2. When we subtract a number from itself, the answer is always _______________
3. When we subtract zero from a number, the answer is the ___________________
4. 29 - 10 = ______________________.
5. 253 - 0 = ______________________.
6. 500 - 1 = ______________________.
7. 6954 - 6954 = ________________________.
8. 1000 - 1 = __________________________.
9. 30 - 29 = _____________________.
10. In 78 - 28 = 50, the difference is ____________________________.
Answer:
1. difference
2. zero
3. number itself
4. 19
5. 253
6. 499
7. 0
8. 999
9. 1
10. 50
In simple words: This section asks you to fill in basic subtraction facts and vocabulary. Subtracting zero keeps the number the same. Subtracting a number from itself leaves you with nothing.

Exam Tip: Always remember that the result of a subtraction problem is called the "difference".

II. Subtract the following :
1. \( 742 - 420 \)
2. \( 98 - 73 \)
3. \( 9872 - 3572 \)
4. \( 8379 - 4299 \)
5. \( 573 - 278 \)
6. \( 2003 - 1049 \)
7. \( 5000 - 695 \)
8. \( 632 - 289 \)
9. \( 6700 - 2935 \)
10. \( 139 - 37 \)
11. \( 8100 - 1089 \)
12. \( 907 - 29 \)
Answer:
1. \( 742 - 420 = 322 \)
2. \( 98 - 73 = 25 \)
3. \( 9872 - 3572 = 6300 \)
4. \( 8379 - 4299 = 4080 \)
5. \( 573 - 278 = 295 \)
6. \( 2003 - 1049 = 954 \)
7. \( 5000 - 695 = 4305 \)
8. \( 632 - 289 = 343 \)
9. \( 6700 - 2935 = 3765 \)
10. \( 139 - 37 = 102 \)
11. \( 8100 - 1089 = 7011 \)
12. \( 907 - 29 = 878 \)
In simple words: This section requires you to perform subtraction on different numbers. Some need borrowing and some do not. Remember to align the place values (ones, tens, hundreds) before subtracting.

Exam Tip: When borrowing from a zero, remember to go to the next non-zero digit and change intermediate zeros to nines.

Page 11

III. Subtract the following :
1. \( 999 - 540 = 459 \)
2. \( 639 - 208 = 431 \)
3. \( 574 - 450 = 124 \)
4. \( 29 - 19 = 10 \)
5. \( 60 - 18 = 42 \)
6. \( 5461 - 2462 = 2999 \)
7. \( 6857 - 1238 = 5619 \)
8. \( 6009 - 2598 = 3411 \)
9. \( 7661 - 2970 = 4691 \)
10. \( 7399 - 2009 = 5390 \)
11. \( 8006 - 3048 = 4958 \)
12. \( 8191 - 908 = 7283 \)
13. \( 1965 - 248 = 1717 \)
14. \( 53 - 29 = 24 \)
15. \( 36 - 17 = 19 \)
16. \( 372 - 98 = 274 \)
17. \( 903 - 176 = 727 \)
18. \( 7000 - 895 = 6105 \)
19. \( 6234 - 864 = 5370 \)
20. \( 7300 - 485 = 6815 \)
21. \( 1900 - 258 = 1642 \)
22. \( 806 - 184 = 622 \)
23. \( 7349 - 559 = 6790 \)
24. \( 7900 - 2480 = 5420 \)
25. \( 639 - 99 = 540 \)
26. \( 200 - 89 = 111 \)
27. \( 790 - 258 = 532 \)
28. \( 1634 - 504 = 1130 \)
29. \( 8905 - 1904 = 7001 \)
30. \( 9635 - 4235 = 5400 \)
31. \( 164 - 29 = 135 \)
32. \( 7630 - 1780 = 5850 \)
33. \( 890 - 199 = 691 \)
34. \( 9000 - 3246 = 5754 \)
35. \( 800 - 280 = 520 \)
36. \( 1900 - 299 = 1601 \)
Answer:
All solutions to the subtraction exercises are provided above next to each problem.
In simple words: This section contains 36 column subtraction exercises. Some of them need borrowing across place value columns. Take your time to borrow step-by-step from left to right.

Exam Tip: Always make sure to write down the borrowing numbers on top of the digits to keep track of your calculations and avoid simple mistakes.

Page 12

Subtract :
1. 2349 from 4659
2. 4008 from 6309
3. 1380 from 2009
4. 6368 from 9056
Answer:
1. \( 4659 - 2349 = 2310 \)
2. \( 6309 - 4008 = 2301 \)
3. \( 2009 - 1380 = 629 \)
4. \( 9056 - 6368 = 2688 \)
In simple words: When a question says "subtract A from B", write the second number first. Then, subtract the first number.

Exam Tip: A common trap is writing the numbers in the wrong order. Remember that the number following "from" must go on top.

IV. Word problems :

Question IV.1. There were 5600 students in a school. On a rainy day, 3850 students were absent. How many students were present on that day ?
Answer:
Total number of students in the school = 5600
Number of students who were absent = 3850
Number of students who were present = \( 5600 - 3850 = 1750 \)
Hence, there were 1750 students present on that day.
In simple words: To find the students present, subtract the absent students from the total. This leaves you with 1750 students.

Exam Tip: Write down what each number represents (like total students, absent students) to keep your work organized and gain full marks for steps.

Question IV.2. A garment factory manufactured 7983 jeans in a week. 6738 jeans were sold. Find the number of jeans that were not sold.
Answer:
Total number of jeans manufactured = 7983
Number of jeans sold = 6738
Number of jeans that were not sold = \( 7983 - 6738 = 1245 \)
Hence, 1245 jeans remained unsold.
In simple words: Subtract the sold jeans from the total made. This gives you 1245 unsold jeans.

Exam Tip: Be careful during subtraction borrowing in the ones place (borrowing 1 ten makes 3 ones into 13 ones).

Question IV.3. An office bought 7560 sheets of paper. 6870 sheets were used up in a week. How many sheets are left ?
Answer:
Total number of paper sheets bought = 7560
Number of sheets used up = 6870
Number of sheets left over = \( 7560 - 6870 = 690 \)
Hence, there are 690 sheets of paper left.
In simple words: Subtract the sheets used from the sheets bought. This leaves you with 690 sheets.

Exam Tip: Always state the final unit (like "sheets of paper" or "jeans") in your final statement for complete answers.

Question IV.4. A factory manufactured 6000 refrigerators in a month. Of these, 3625 refrigerators were sold. Find how many refrigerators remained unsold.
Answer:
Total number of refrigerators manufactured = 6000
Number of refrigerators sold = 3625
Number of refrigerators that remained unsold = \( 6000 - 3625 = 2375 \)
Hence, 2375 refrigerators remained unsold.
In simple words: Take the total refrigerators made. Subtract the sold ones to get 2375 unsold refrigerators.

Exam Tip: Borrowing across multiple zeros (6000) requires changing the thousands digit first, then making the intermediate hundreds and tens into nines.

Question IV.5. In a poultry farm, out of 4850 eggs, 2488 were sold and the remaining hatched into chicks. How many eggs were allowed to hatch ?
Answer:
Total number of eggs on the poultry farm = 4850
Number of eggs sold = 2488
Number of eggs allowed to hatch = \( 4850 - 2488 = 2362 \)
Hence, 2362 eggs were allowed to hatch into chicks.
In simple words: Subtract the sold eggs from the total eggs. This leaves 2362 eggs to hatch.

Exam Tip: Read word problems carefully to identify what the "remaining" value represents, as it always points to subtraction.