NCERT Solutions Class 12 Sociology Introducing Indian Society

1. What are the main problems of national integration in India?

Answer. The problems of India are linguistic identity, regionalism, demand for separate states and terrorism etc. create hindrances in the way of national integration. Due to these. Problems, usually strikes, riots and mutual fights take place, which have posed a severe threat to national unity and integration.

2. Why is sociology a distinct subject in comparison with all other subjects?

Answer. Sociology is a subject with which everyone knows something about society. Other subjects are learnt at home, school or elsewhere through instructions but much of our growth in years as it appears to be acquired naturally or automatically.

3. What are the basic functions of a society?

Answer. Sociologists and social anthropologists have adopted the term function from biological sciences where it has been used for certain organic processes necessary for the maintenance of the organisms. Basic functions necessary for continuity and survival of any society are :

(i) Recruitment of members

(ii) Socialization

(iii) Production and distribution of goods and services and preservation of order.

4.What do you understand by social structure?

Answer. A society consists of

(i)Males and females, adults and children, various occupational and religious groups and so on.

(ii)The interrelationship between various that of parents and children and between various groups.

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