These chapter-wise CBSE Class 12 Political Science MCQs, ready for 2026-27, are made to help you learn the current exam pattern and grow more confident solving Political Science problems.
Why Class 12 Political Science MCQs Are Worth Your Time
- Every Political Science MCQ comes with a correct, explained answer - not just the right option.
- Matched closely to the 2026 CBSE Political Science textbook and current guidelines.
- Includes Class 12 Assertion-Reasoning, Case-based, and Fill-in-the-blanks formats, all built for Political Science.
- Neatly organized by chapter, so you can test your grip on each Political Science topic one at a time.
Download Political Science MCQs for Class 12, by Chapter
Below are the latest 2026-27 sets for Political Science. They work well for self-assessment, helping you spot weak spots ahead of your exams.
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Quick Practice - Try a Few Questions First Pick a chapter below, answer a few questions instantly, then jump to the full set list for more. Q1.Bipolarity in world politics refers to a situation where global power is concentrated around: Answer: (b) Two major superpowers or power blocs. During the Cold War era, this referred specifically to the United States and the Soviet Union, along with their respective allies.
Q2.The disintegration of the Soviet Union took place in: Answer: (b) 1991. This event marked the formal end of the bipolar world order that had defined international relations for much of the twentieth century.
Q3.Which of these was NOT one of the fifteen republics that emerged from the former Soviet Union? Answer: (c) Germany. Germany had already been reunified separately in 1990, prior to the Soviet Union's own disintegration, and was never part of the USSR.
Q4.Shock therapy, as an economic policy applied in post Soviet Russia, primarily involved: Answer: (b) A rapid, sweeping transition from a state controlled economy to a capitalist market economy. This abrupt shift caused significant economic hardship and disruption for many ordinary citizens in the years that followed.
Q5.The end of bipolarity generally led to: Answer: (b) A more unpredictable and multipolar shift in the balance of global power over time. Various new and existing centres of power gradually gained greater relative influence on the world stage.
Q1.Which of these countries is generally considered part of South Asia? Answer: (b) India. South Asia typically includes India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, and the Maldives, among others.
Q2.SAARC stands for: Answer: (a) South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. It was established to promote economic and regional cooperation among South Asian countries.
Q3.Which of these has been a major, longstanding point of tension between India and Pakistan? Answer: (a) The Kashmir issue. This territorial and political dispute has remained a central, unresolved issue in India-Pakistan relations since independence.
Q4.Democratic governance in South Asian countries has historically faced challenges such as: Answer: (b) Military rule, political instability, and periods of authoritarian governance in some countries. Countries like Pakistan and Bangladesh have experienced significant periods of military or authoritarian rule alongside phases of democratic governance.
Q5.Which of these organisations is India a founding member of, alongside its South Asian neighbours? Answer: (b) SAARC. India was among the founding members of this regional organisation, established in 1985 to foster cooperation among South Asian nations.
Q1.The United Nations was established in the year: Answer: (b) 1945. It was formed in the aftermath of the Second World War, with the primary aim of maintaining international peace and security.
Q2.The main organ of the United Nations responsible for maintaining international peace and security is the: Answer: (b) Security Council. It has the authority to take binding decisions, including the authorisation of peacekeeping missions and sanctions.
Q3.How many permanent members does the United Nations Security Council have? Answer: (b) Five. These are the United States, Russia, China, the United Kingdom, and France, and each of them holds veto power over Security Council resolutions.
Q4.India has long advocated for reform of the United Nations, particularly regarding: Answer: (b) Permanent membership in the Security Council. India, along with several other nations, has argued that the Security Council's current structure no longer reflects the realities of the contemporary world.
Q5.International organisations like the UN primarily aim to: Answer: (b) Facilitate cooperation between nations on issues of shared concern. Areas of cooperation range from peacekeeping and security to health, development, and human rights.
Q1.Traditional notions of security have primarily focused on: Answer: (b) Military threats to a nation's territorial integrity. This traditional view centres largely around a state's ability to protect itself from external military aggression.
Q2.Non-traditional security concerns include issues such as: Answer: (b) Terrorism, health epidemics, and environmental degradation. These broader threats don't necessarily come from another state's military, yet they still pose serious risks to a country's overall security and stability.
Q3.Human security, as a concept, primarily emphasises: Answer: (b) The safety and well-being of individual people, rather than just the state. This broader framework considers threats like poverty, disease, and violence that directly affect ordinary people's daily lives.
Q4.Global terrorism is generally considered a security challenge because it: Answer: (b) Often transcends national borders and can strike unpredictably. This makes coordinated international cooperation essential in addressing it effectively.
Q5.Cooperative security refers to an approach where nations: Answer: (b) Work together through alliances and agreements to address shared security concerns. This approach recognises that many contemporary security challenges are simply too large or complex for any single nation to tackle alone.
Q1.The concept of sustainable development emphasises: Answer: (b) Meeting present needs while preserving resources for future generations. It's an approach that tries to balance economic development with environmental responsibility.
Q2.Global warming is primarily caused by an increase in: Answer: (b) Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, in the atmosphere. These gases trap heat, contributing to a gradual overall rise in the Earth's average temperature.
Q3.The Kyoto Protocol was an international agreement primarily aimed at: Answer: (b) Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to address climate change. It set specific, binding targets for participating industrialised countries to cut their emissions.
Q4.Common Property Resources refer to resources that are: Answer: (b) Accessible to and shared by the community as a whole. Village grazing grounds and community forests are commonly cited examples of such shared resources.
Q5.Environmental issues in international politics are often complicated by: Answer: (b) Differing priorities between developed and developing countries regarding responsibility and resources. Developing nations often argue that industrialised countries, having historically contributed more to emissions, should bear a greater share of the responsibility for addressing climate change.
Q1.Globalisation refers to the process of: Answer: (b) Growing interconnectedness between countries in terms of economy, culture, and politics. This increased interconnectedness has been driven substantially by advances in technology and communication.
Q2.Economic globalisation is primarily characterised by: Answer: (b) Increased flow of goods, capital, and services across national borders. This has been significantly facilitated by trade liberalisation and rapid advances in transportation and communication technology.
Q3.Which of these is often cited as both a driver and an effect of globalisation? Answer: (a) Advances in information and communication technology. Innovations like the internet have made it far easier for information, capital, and ideas to move rapidly across borders.
Q4.Critics of globalisation often argue that it: Answer: (b) Can increase economic inequality and threaten local cultures and industries. Concerns have been raised about how globalisation's benefits and costs get distributed rather unevenly, both within and between countries.
Q5.Cultural homogenisation, as discussed in the context of globalisation, refers to: Answer: (b) A tendency toward cultural uniformity, often influenced by dominant global cultures. Critics worry this trend can gradually erode the diversity and distinctiveness of local cultures around the world.
Q1.Following independence in 1947, one of the most immediate challenges facing India was: Answer: (b) The integration of princely states into the Indian Union. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel played a central role in persuading and negotiating with the rulers of these numerous princely states to join the newly independent country.
Q2.The Partition of India in 1947 resulted in the creation of: Answer: (a) India and Pakistan as two separate nations. This partition led to one of the largest and most tragic mass migrations in recorded history, accompanied by widespread communal violence.
Q3.The linguistic reorganisation of Indian states was primarily undertaken to: Answer: (b) Create states based on the predominant language spoken in a given region. This reorganisation, carried out substantially through the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, aimed to better reflect India's rich linguistic diversity.
Q4.Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel is often referred to as the: Answer: (b) Iron Man of India, for his role in integrating princely states. His firm yet diplomatic approach was crucial in bringing hundreds of princely states into the Indian Union.
Q5.Nation building in newly independent India involved addressing challenges related to: Answer: (b) National unity, democracy, and development, all at once. These challenges were interconnected and needed to be tackled simultaneously as India built its new political institutions.
Q1.In the initial decades after independence, Indian politics was largely dominated by which political party? Answer: (b) Indian National Congress. Given its central role in the freedom struggle, it enjoyed widespread support and won successive elections by large margins during this early period.
Q2.The system of one-party dominance in early independent India is often described by political scientists as a: Answer: (b) One-party dominant system, despite the existence of a multi-party framework. Other parties did exist and could contest elections freely, but the Congress remained the dominant force in Indian politics for a long period.
Q3.Jawaharlal Nehru served as India's Prime Minister for approximately how many years? Answer: (c) 17 years. He served as Prime Minister continuously from 1947 until his death in 1964, playing a foundational role in shaping India's early political and economic direction.
Q4.Which of these was an opposition party active during the era of Congress dominance? Answer: (a) Swatantra Party. Although various opposition parties, including the Swatantra Party, contested elections during this period, none managed to seriously challenge Congress's dominant position at the national level.
Q5.The dominance of the Congress party during this period was largely attributed to: Answer: (a) Its central role in the freedom struggle and broad based social coalition. Congress managed to bring together a wide range of social groups and interests under one broad political umbrella.
Q1.India's economic planning after independence was primarily carried out through: Answer: (b) Five Year Plans, formulated by the Planning Commission. These plans set out national development goals and priorities across various sectors of the economy for each five year period.
Q2.India's early economic strategy after independence largely favoured: Answer: (b) A mixed economy, combining elements of both state planning and private enterprise. This approach aimed to promote industrial growth while still maintaining a significant role for public sector enterprises.
Q3.The Green Revolution in Indian agriculture during the 1960s primarily focused on increasing the production of: Answer: (b) Wheat and rice. High yielding variety seeds, along with expanded irrigation and fertiliser use, significantly boosted the output of these two staple food grains.
Q4.Which of these was a key debate during India's early planning period regarding development strategy? Answer: (a) Whether to prioritise heavy industry or agriculture. This debate shaped much of the direction taken in India's Second Five Year Plan, which placed considerable emphasis on rapid industrialisation.
Q5.The Planning Commission of India was eventually replaced in 2015 by: Answer: (b) NITI Aayog. It was set up to bring a more collaborative, state involved approach to national development planning, differing from the earlier centralised model.
Q1.India's foreign policy after independence, under Jawaharlal Nehru, was largely shaped by the principle of: Answer: (b) Non-alignment, avoiding formal alliance with either major Cold War bloc. This policy aimed to preserve India's independence in foreign affairs, while still engaging constructively with countries from both blocs.
Q2.The Non-Aligned Movement was formally established with significant involvement from which Indian leader? Answer: (b) Jawaharlal Nehru. Along with leaders like Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia and Gamal Abdel Nasser of Egypt, he played a key role in shaping this movement of newly independent nations.
Q3.India fought a war with China in which year? Answer: (a) 1962. This border conflict resulted in a significant setback for India and led to a considerable reassessment of the country's defence and foreign policy.
Q4.The 1971 war between India and Pakistan led to the creation of which new nation? Answer: (b) Bangladesh. India's support for the Bangladesh Liberation Movement played a significant role in the eventual creation of this new, independent nation.
Q5.India's relations with its neighbouring countries have generally been shaped by a combination of: Answer: (b) Cooperation on some issues alongside periodic tensions or disputes on others. This mixed and evolving relationship reflects the genuine complexity of regional geopolitics in South Asia.
Q1.The period following Nehru's death in 1964 saw increasing challenges to Congress dominance mainly due to: Answer: (b) Growing regional parties, internal factionalism, and shifting voter expectations. These developments gradually eroded the near total dominance the Congress party had enjoyed in the earlier years after independence.
Q2.The 1967 general elections in India are significant because they marked: Answer: (b) A notable decline in Congress's dominance in several states. Congress lost power in a number of states for the first time, signalling a genuine shift in India's political landscape.
Q3.Indira Gandhi's split from the older Congress leadership in 1969 eventually led to the formation of: Answer: (b) Congress (R), the faction led by Indira Gandhi herself. This split was a defining moment in the party's history, reshaping the structure of Congress politics for years afterward.
Q4.Which slogan became closely associated with Indira Gandhi's 1971 election campaign? Answer: (a) Garibi Hatao, meaning Remove Poverty. This campaign slogan proved highly effective in helping Congress secure a decisive electoral victory that year.
Q5.Despite facing significant challenges during this period, the Congress party managed to: Answer: (b) Restore much of its dominant position, particularly under Indira Gandhi's leadership. Despite the earlier setbacks, Congress managed to regain substantial electoral strength through the early 1970s.
Q1.The Emergency in India was declared in the year: Answer: (b) 1975. It was declared by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, citing internal disturbances, and it remains one of the most significant and controversial episodes in India's democratic history.
Q2.During the Emergency, which of these civil liberties were significantly curtailed? Answer: (b) Freedom of press and the right to personal liberty, among others. Many fundamental rights were suspended during this period, and press censorship was widely imposed across the country.
Q3.The immediate trigger widely cited for the declaration of the Emergency was: Answer: (b) An Allahabad High Court verdict that found Indira Gandhi guilty of electoral malpractice. This ruling, along with mounting political opposition and unrest at the time, formed the immediate backdrop to the Emergency's declaration.
Q4.In the general elections held after the Emergency, in 1977, the Congress party: Answer: (b) Suffered a significant electoral defeat, losing power at the national level. This marked the first time since independence that a non-Congress government came to power at the centre.
Q5.The Emergency period is often studied as an important case study in Indian politics because it: Answer: (b) Raised fundamental questions about the balance between government authority and democratic rights. It remains a significant reference point in discussions about safeguarding democratic institutions in India.
Q1.Regional aspirations in Indian politics generally refer to: Answer: (b) The desire of different regions or communities for greater autonomy, recognition, or self-governance. These aspirations have shaped the growth of numerous regional political parties and movements across India.
Q2.Which of these movements is an example of a demand for regional autonomy within India? Answer: (a) The demand for a separate Jharkhand state. Movements like this, seeking separate statehood based on distinct regional, tribal, or cultural identity, have played a significant role in reshaping India's internal state boundaries over time.
Q3.The rise of regional political parties in India is often linked to: Answer: (b) Growing regional identity, local aspirations, and dissatisfaction with centralised governance. These parties have become increasingly influential in both state and national level politics over the decades.
Q4.Punjab witnessed significant political and social unrest during the 1980s related to demands associated with: Answer: (a) Sikh identity and regional autonomy. This turbulent period included significant political and social tension, and it remains an important chapter in the study of India's regional political movements.
Q5.India's approach to managing regional aspirations has generally involved: Answer: (b) A combination of political negotiation, constitutional accommodation, and occasionally the creation of new states. India's federal structure has evolved over time to accommodate at least some of these diverse regional demands.
Q1.The decade of the 1990s in Indian politics is often associated with: Answer: (b) The rise of coalition politics at the national level. Since no single party could regularly secure a clear majority on its own during this period, governments increasingly needed to form alliances with multiple parties.
Q2.Economic liberalisation in India, marking a significant shift toward a more open, market oriented economy, was substantially introduced in the year: Answer: (b) 1991. Facing a serious balance of payments crisis, India's government introduced significant economic reforms that year, reducing trade barriers and opening up the economy considerably more than before.
Q3.The Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as a major national political force particularly from the: Answer: (b) Late 1980s and 1990s onward. The party grew significantly in this period, eventually going on to lead coalition governments at the national level.
Q4.Which of these is a notable feature of recent Indian politics? Answer: (b) The growing significance of caste, identity, and regional issues in shaping electoral politics. These factors have increasingly influenced voting patterns and political alliances across the country in recent decades.
Q5.Coalition governments at the centre, common through much of the 1990s and 2000s in India, are generally characterised by: Answer: (b) An alliance of multiple political parties working together to form a government. This arrangement became a defining feature of the Indian political landscape for a substantial period, before more recent elections again returned single-party majorities in some cycles.
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| Chapter 01 The End of Bipolarity MCQs |
| Chapter 01 The End of Bipolarity MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 01 The End of Bipolarity MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 03 Contemporary South Asia MCQs |
| Chapter 03 Contemporary South Asia MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 03 Contemporary South Asia MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 04 International Organisations MCQs |
| Chapter 04 International Organisations MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 04 International Organisations MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 05 Security in the Contemporary World MCQs |
| Chapter 06 Environment and Natural Resources MCQs |
| Chapter 07 Globalisation MCQs |
| Chapter 07 Globalisation MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 07 Globalisation MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 01 Challenges of Nation Building MCQs |
| Chapter 01 Challenges of Nation Building MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 01 Challenges of Nation Building MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 02 Era of One-party Dominance MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 02 Era of One-party Dominance MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 03 Politics of Planned Development MCQs |
| Chapter 03 Politics of Planned Development MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 03 Politics of Planned Development MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 04 Indias External Relations MCQs |
| Chapter 04 Indias External Relations MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 04 Indias External Relations MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 05 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System MCQs |
| Chapter 05 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 05 Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 06 The Crisis of Democratic Order MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 06 The Crisis of Democratic Order MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 07 Regional Aspirations MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 07 Regional Aspirations MCQs Set 02 |
| Chapter 08 Recent Developments in Indian Politics MCQs |
| Chapter 08 Recent Developments in Indian Politics MCQs Set 01 |
| Chapter 08 Recent Developments in Indian Politics MCQs Set 02 |
FAQs
For the 2026-27 session, MCQs and objective-type questions carry around 20% weightage. CBSE has introduced 30% competency based questions as MCQs and they are important part of the Class 12 Political Science paper.
You can access the latest chapter-wise MCQs for Class 12 Political Science for free from StudiesToday.com. All questions are based on the latest syllabus and current academic year.
Yes, our Political Science practice bank includes the new pattern of Assertion Reasoning and Case Study based MCQs. They have been designed to test the analytical skills of Class 12 students.
Solving Class 12 Political Science MCQs regularly improves speed and accuracy as these are objective questions can get you 100% marks if your understanding of the topic is clear.
Yes, all Class 12 Political Science MCQs and answers are accessible on any device at your convenience.
No, all Political Science Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), practice papers, and solutions for Class 12 are available for free for students to get more marks school exams.
