CBSE Class 9 Social Science Socialism In Europe And The Russian Revolution Assignment

MCQ Questions for NCERT Class 9 Social Science Socialism In Europe And The Russian Revolution

Question: Which of the following factors made Autocracy unpopular in Russia?
(A) The German origin of the Tsarina Alexandra
(B) Poor advisors like the Monk Rasputin
(C) The huge cost of fighting in the World War I
(D) Both (A) and (B)

Answer:  D

Question: Who started ‘Collectivisation Programme’ in Russia?
(A) Lenin
(B) Karl Marx
(C) Rasputin
(D) Stalin

Answer: D

Question: The Russian Social Democratic Workers Party was founded in .
(A) 1898
(B) 1900
(C) 1905
(D) 1907

Answer:  A

Question: Which among the following groups was against
any kind of political or social change?
(A) Nationalists
(B) Radicals
(C) Liberals
(D) Conservatives

Answer: D

Question: By which name the well-to-do Peasants in Russia called?
(A) Kulaks
(B) Kolkhoj
(C) Serfs
(D) None of the above.

Answer: A

Question: Who had to build a Cooperative Community called New Harmony in Indiana?
(A) Karl Marx
(B) Friedrich Engels
(C) Robert Owen
(D) Louis Blanc

Answer: C

Question: Identify the following image.
(A) Stalin
(B) Lenin
(C) Karl Marx
(D) Friedrich Engels

Answer: A

Question: Which of the following personality was associated with Bloody Sunday?
(A) Lenin
(B) Father Gapon
(C) Rasputin
(D) Stalin

Answer: B

Question: Consider the following statements regarding Karl Marx:
1. He argued that Industrial Society was‘Capitalist’.
2. That Capitalists owned the capital invested in factories, and the profit of Capitalists was produced by workers.
3. Workers had to overthrow Capitalism and the rule of Private Properties.
Choose the correct option from the following:
(A) Only 1
(B) Only 2
(C) Only 3
(D) 1, 2 and 3

Answer: D

Question: Who was Marfa Vasileva?
(A) She was the leader of the Revolutionaries.
(B) She was a brave worker who organised a successful strike.
(C) She threw a bomb at the Russian Tsar.
(D) None of the above

Answer: B 

Assertion and Reason Based MCQs
Directions : In the following questions, a statement of Assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Mark the correct choice as :
(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true.

Question. Assertion (A) : Liberals and Radicals themselves were often property owners and employers.
Reason (R) : Opposed to the privileges the old Aristocracy had by birth, they firmly believed in the value of individual effort, labour and enterprise.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : Capitalist were against private property, and saw it as the root of all social ills of the time.
Reason (R) : Individuals owned the property that gave employment but the propertied were concerned only with personal gain and not with the welfare of those who made the property productive.
Answer : D

Question. Assertion (A) : Marx believed that to free themselves from Capitalist exploitation, workers had to construct a radically Socialist society where all property was socially controlled.
Reason (R) : He was convinced that workers would triumph in their conflict with capitalists. A communist society was the natural society of the future.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : At the beginning of the twentieth century, the vast majority of Russia’s people were industrialist.
Reason (R) : Industry was found in pockets.
Prominent industrial areas were St Petersburg and Moscow. Craftsmen undertook much of the production, but large factories existed alongside craft workshop.
Answer : D

Question. Assertion (A) : 22 February came to be called the International Women’s Day.
Reason (R) : On 22 February, a lockout took place at a factory on the right bank. The next day, workers in fifty factories called a strike in sympathy.
In many factories, women led the way to strikes.
Answer : A

Question. Assertion (A) : Those who resisted Collectivisation were severely punished. Many were deported and exiled.
Reason (R) : Stalin’s government allowed some independent cultivation, but treated such cultivators sympathetically.
Answer : C

Short Answer Type Questions

Question: Describe the Ideas of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels about the Capitalists. 
Answer: (i) Marx argued that Industrialist Society was ‘Capitalist’.
(ii) The condition of Workers could not improve as long as the profit was accumulated by Private Capitalists.
(iii) Marx believed that to free themselves from Capitalist exploitation, the Workers had to construct a Radical Society.
(iv) He believed that the Communist Society was the Natural Society of the future.

Question: What was the vision of Robert Owen and Louis Blanc related to Co-operatives? Explain.
Answer: Views of Robert Owen :
(i) He sought to build a Cooperative Community called New Harmony in Indiana (USA).
Views of Louis Blanc :
(ii) In France, Blanc wanted the government to encourage Co-operatives and replace Capitalist enterprises.
(iii) These Co-operatives were two associations of people who produced goods together and divided the profits according to the work done by members.

Question: What type of economy existed in Russia before the Revolution ?
Answer: Before the Russian Revolution :
(i) Vast population was Agriculturalists.
(ii) Cultivators produced for the market as well as for their own needs.
(iii) Industry in the form of Private Properties was found in pockets - factories were set up in 1890s and 1900s.

Question: What agricultural changes were introduced in Soviet Union after 1917? 
Answer: Changes :
(i) Large Estates of Church, Landlords, Nobility,etc., were taken away by the Government and distributed to Peasants.
(ii) These Peasants had very small holdings of land,which were not productive. So, a new method of agriculture was introduced that was called the Collective farm.
(iii) Rich Farmers opposed this type of farming. They were dealt with harshly by the government. Thus,landlords were oppressed.

Question: Describe the views of Radicals
Answer: The views of Radicals were as follows :
(i) The Radicals wanted to bring about immediate social change in Russia.
(ii) They wanted to form a government based on the majority of country’s population.
(iii) They were against Private Properties.

Long Answer Type Questions 

Question: Explain the thoughts and beliefs of Karl Marx which convinced the Workers to enter into conflict with the Capitalists. 
Answer: The thoughts and beliefs of Karl Marx :
(i) Industrial Society was Capitalist. Profit of Capitalists was produced by Workers.
(ii) Conditions of Workers could not improve till capitalists accumulated wealth.
(iii) Workers should overthrow Capitalism and Private property.
(iv) Workers should construct a radically Socialist Society where all property would be socially controlled. This would be a Communist state.
(v) Karl Marx believed that all of this would help the Workers win over the Capitalists.

Question: What is Socialism? Mention its four features ? 
Answer: Socialism is a body of ideas to restructure society on equal status.Its four features are :
(i) It is against Ownership of private property.
(ii) Society as a whole should control the property,collectively.
(iii) It stands for collective social interests rather than personal gains.
(iv) Socialism was in favour of Cooperatives and that wages should be given according to work done.

Question: Explain any five socio- economic conditions of Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Answer: Socio- economic conditions of Russia :
(i) Social inequality was very prominent among the working class.
(ii) Economically, Russia was going through a very difficult period.
(iii) The population had doubled and the economic conditions turned from bad to worse.
(iv) Most people were Agriculturists.
(v) Industries were found in pockets and Craftsmen undertook much of the production.
(vi) Most Industries were the private properties of Industrialists.
(vii) Workers were divided on the basis of their occupation and skills.
(viii) Women made up 31 per cent of the factory labour,but they were paid less than men.
(ix) Like workers, peasants too were divided.

Question: What were the main objectives of Liberals in Russia? 
Answer: The main objectives of Liberals were as follows :
(i) They wanted a nation which tolerated all the religions.
(ii) They opposed the uncontrolled power of Dynastic Rulers.
(iii) They wanted to safeguard the rights to individual against the government.
(iv) They did not believe in Universal Adult Franchise as they were not democrats.
(v) Liberals argued for a representative elected by the government. They were subjected to laws interpreted by a well-trained Judiciary that was independent of rulers and officials.
(vi) In the parts of Europe, where independent nation states did not yet exist, for example, Germany, Italy,Poland—men and women combined their demands for constitutionalism with national unification.

Question: What changes were seen in Russia after October Revolution of 1917? 
OR
What are the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution? 
OR
Relate the changes which followed the October Revolution in Russia. 
OR
Describe any five changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution.
Answer: Changes were :
(i) Most of the Industries and Banks were nationalised in November 1917.
(ii) Land was declared Social property.
(iii) In cities, Bolsheviks enforced the partition of large houses according to family requirements.
(iv) Banned the use of the old titles of Aristocracy.
(v) New Uniforms were designed for the Army and Officials.

Question. What changes were seen in Russia after October Revolution of 1917? 
OR
What are the main changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution?
OR
Relate the changes which followed the October Revolution in Russia. 
OR
Describe any five changes brought about by the Bolsheviks immediately after the October Revolution.
Answer : Changes were :
(i) Most of the Industries and Banks were nationalised in November 1917.
(ii) Land was declared Social property.
(iii) In cities, Bolsheviks enforced the partition of large houses according to family requirements.
(iv) Banned the use of the old titles of Aristocracy.
(v) New Uniforms were designed for the Army and Officials.

Question. Explain any five socio- economic conditions of Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Answer : Socio- economic conditions of Russia :
(i) Social inequality was very prominent among the working class.
(ii) Economically, Russia was going through a very difficult period.
(iii) The population had doubled and the economic conditions turned from bad to worse.
(iv) Most people were Agriculturists.
(v) Industries were found in pockets and Craftsmen undertook much of the production.
(vi) Most Industries were the private properties of Industrialists.
(vii) Workers were divided on the basis of their occupation and skills.
(viii) Women made up 31 per cent of the factory labour, but they were paid less than men.
(ix) Like workers, peasants too were divided.

Question. Describe February Revolution of 1917 and October Revolution of 1917 in brief.
Answer : February Revolution :
(i) Factory locked out on the right bank on 22nd February.
(ii) Sympathy strike was done by Workers in 50 Factories on 23rd February.
(iii) On 25th February, Government suspended the Duma and demonstrators came on roads.
(iv) Police Headquarters were ransacked by Workers.
Regiment supported the workers and they formed the Petrograd Soviet.
(v) On 2nd March, the Tsar abdicated and Soviet and Duma leaders formed the Provisional Government. October Revolution :
(i) On 16th October, Vladimir Lenin, the Bolshevik leader persuaded the Petrograd Soviet.
(ii) A Military Revolutionary Committee was appointed by the Soviet.
(iii) The Military Committee seized the government offices and arrested Ministers.
(iv) The Winter Palace was shelled.
(v) Ministers of the Provisional Government surrendered.
(vi) The Bolsheviks gained control.

Question. What is Socialism? Mention its four features ?
Answer : Socialism is a body of ideas to restructure society on equal status.
Its four features are :
(i) It is against Ownership of private property.
(ii) Society as a whole should control the property,collectively.
(iii) It stands for collective social interests rather than personal gains.
(iv) Socialism was in favour of Cooperatives and that wages should be given according to work done.

Question. Mention the main events of the February Revolution of 1917. 
OR
State any five events that led to the February Revolution in Petrograd.
Answer : Main events of the February Revolution were :
(i) In February 1917, there was a severe food shortage in the Workers’ Quarters.
(ii) All the Factories and Workers’ Quarters were located on the right bank of the River Neva.
On the left bank, there were the Winter Palace, Official buildings and the Palace where Duma met.
(iii) On 22nd February, a lockout took place at a factory leading to a strike by the Workers. The next day,
Workers in fifty factories called a strike in sympathy.
(iv) The demonstrating workers ultimately crossed the river and surrounded the Official buildings in Petrograd.
(v) The Government imposed a curfew and called out the cavalry and police to keep check on them.

Question. Examine three reasons for the success of Socialist economy in post-Revolution of Russia.
Answer : Three reasons were :
(i) The Estates of the Rich like the Landlords, the Tsar and the Church were confiscated and handed over to the Peasants to be cultivated without hired labour. This act proved very successful and popular.
(ii) The system of Capitalism or the rich exploiting the poor was done away with everybody and everybody was forced to work and earn his own living.
(iii) The Right to Work became a constitutional right and it became the duty of the state to provide employment to every individual.

Case Study Questions  Socialism In Europe And The Russian Revolution Class 9 Social Science 

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow :
In April 1917, the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile. He and the Bolsheviks had opposed the war since 1914.
Now he felt it was time for Soviets to take over power. He declared that the war be brought to a close, land be transferred to the Peasants and Banks be nationalised. These three demands were Lenin’s ‘April Theses’. He also argued that the Bolshevik Party rename itself the Communist Party to indicate its new radical aims. Most others in the Bolshevik Party were initially surprised by the April  Theses. They thought that the time was not yet ripe for a Socialist Revolution and the Provisional Government needed to be supported. But the developments of the subsequent months changed their attitude.

Question: How many demands were there in Lenin’s ‘April Theses’?
(A) Three
(B) Four
(C) Five
(D) Six 

Answer: A

Question: When did Bolshevik leader Vladmir Lenin returned to Russia from his exile?
(A) In April, 1918
(B) In April, 1915
(C) In April, 1916
(D) In April, 1917 

Answer: D

Question: Petrograd had led the February Revolution that brought down the .
(A) Slavery in the February 1917
(B) Monarchy in February 1917
(C) Clergy in February
(D) Nobility in February 1917 

Answer: B

Question: Lenin argued that the Bolshevik Party should rename itself as .
(A) Communist Party
(B) Socialist Party
(C) Russian Social Democratic Labour Party
(D) Socialist Revolutionary Party 

Answer: A