CBSE Class 12 English Question Paper 2025 Solved Code 1-1-2

SECTION A

READING SKILLS

1. Read the following passage carefully : [12 Marks]

(1) Marketing is all about creativity and expression, so it must be an art, right? Not necessarily. While marketers once relied purely on instinct, they now rely on data-driven insights. On top of that, cutting-edge technologies and analytics have shifted the focus of marketing farther toward the science side of the spectrum. Armed with so much data, marketers can now track the impact of money spent on their bottom line.
(2) In today's world, the best approach to marketing combines both disciplines. And there's a distinct balance to the craft - a strategic mix of interpersonal empathy and tactical analysis. Neither side of the mix can be isolated or ignored, or the results will not be encouraging. Psychologists believe the brain is separated into two distinct functions : the left-brain and the right-brain. The right side of the brain is responsible for creative thinking and artistic intuition.
(3) As an art, marketing is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour and determining how to make an emotional connection with the customer. More importantly, some level of art is needed to create brand standards for your company, including the logo, messaging, and overall visual identity for a brand.
(4) Right-brained marketers focus on the creative - the copy, graphics and emotions tied to the message. The science side of marketing tells us to let the data guide what strategies will be most effective. Marketers are now reporting the need for digital-first expertise including digital proficiency, data analysis, and data science. With science, marketers adopt an outcome-centric mindset that helps them curate smarter campaigns. Over the past few years, there has been an evolving prioritization on data-savvy talent. In 2020 and beyond, brands will need to focus on recruiting talent that can understand the complexities of AI and machine technologies.
(5) But when we reflect on earlier times, marketing was defined as the predominance of traditional advertising, like television, newspaper, and direct mail. Today, it ropes in digital channels, social media, mobile devices, and integrated, complex campaigns. And just as consumers today are more tech-savvy, employees should be able to match - and exceed - their expertise. It's important that brands continue to prioritize creative, engaging campaign messages while also focusing on key insights and performance metrics for optimal results.

Answer the following questions, based on the passage above :

(i) According to paragraph 1, how does the author describe the evolution of marketing ? [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Marketing has evolved from relying purely on instinct to relying on data-driven insights.
2. Cutting-edge technologies and analytics have made it more scientific, so it is now a combination of both art and science.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any two value points earn 1 mark each.
b) The key contrast is "instinct" (earlier) versus "data-driven insights" (now).

(ii) Choose ONE of the following statements that aptly reflects the point of view of the writer. [1 Mark]
(a) In the field of marketing, there is a conflict between Art and Science.
(b) Art and Science should work in tandem to do effective marketing.

Answer: (b) Art and Science should work in tandem to do effective marketing.

Teacher's Note:
a) Paragraph 2 says the best approach "combines both disciplines".
b) The writer never presents art and science as being in conflict.

(iii) Provide ONE textual evidence with reference to paragraph 3 to support that marketing is an art. [1 Mark]

Answer: Marketing is an art because it is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour and determining how to make an emotional connection with the customer.

Teacher's Note:
a) Another accepted point: some art is needed to create brand standards like the logo, messaging and visual identity.
b) Give only one piece of evidence, taken from paragraph 3.

(iv) Based on the passage, assess the way data and digital platforms have transformed the field of marketing and employment. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Marketing data helps marketers track the impact of money spent and frame effective strategies, while more marketing is now done through digital channels, social media and mobile devices.
2. In employment, marketers now need digital-first expertise, including digital proficiency, data analysis and data science, so data-savvy talent is preferred.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cover both "marketing" and "employment" for full marks.
b) Keywords: tracking money spent, digital-first expertise, data-savvy talent.

(v) ___ cutting-edge technologies and analytics have shifted the focus of marketing. (Para 1)
By 'cutting-edge technologies', the writer refers to ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: "On top of that" cutting-edge technologies and analytics have shifted the focus of marketing. By 'cutting-edge technologies', the writer refers to the latest, state-of-the-art technology (such as AI and machine technologies).

Teacher's Note:
a) The marking scheme accepts latest / state-of-the-art / upgraded technology / AI and machine technologies.
b) "Cutting-edge" means the most advanced stage of development.

(vi) Complete the analogy with ONE word from paragraph 2 : [1 Mark]
included : incorporated : ___ : secluded
(A) approach
(B) empathy
(C) isolated
(D) intuition

Answer: (C) isolated

Teacher's Note:
a) "Included" and "incorporated" are synonyms, so the missing word must be a synonym of "secluded".
b) "Isolated" appears in paragraph 2: "Neither side of the mix can be isolated or ignored".

(vii) 'Marketing is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour. (Para 3)
The writer uses the word 'nuances' to denote [1 Mark]
(A) man's appreciation for art.
(B) man's preference for branded clothes.
(C) the complexities of human character.
(D) human inclination for analytical approach.

Answer: (C) the complexities of human character.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Nuances" means subtle differences or fine details.
b) Understanding such subtle details of behaviour helps build an emotional connection with customers.

(viii) Complete the following based on your understanding of the above passage : [1 Mark]
According to the writer, modern marketing is built on both ___ and ___.

Answer: science and art (interpersonal empathy and tactical analysis).

Teacher's Note:
a) Either pair is accepted by the marking scheme.
b) Both blanks must be filled to get the mark.

(ix) '___ exceed their expertise'. (Para 5)
With reference to paragraph 5, what skills do you think the employees should possess to match the demand of the consumers ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Employees should be able "to match - and exceed -" the expertise of consumers by having tech expertise and creativity, along with the skill to draft engaging campaign messages and focus on key insights and performance metrics.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one skill from paragraph 5 is enough for the mark.
b) The phrase "to match - and exceed -" fills the blank.

(x) What fascinating fact about the human brain is revealed by the writer in the above passage. [1 Mark]

Answer: The brain is separated into two distinct functions, the left-brain and the right-brain, and the right side is responsible for creative thinking and artistic intuition.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either part of this fact is accepted for 1 mark.
b) This fact is given in paragraph 2.

2. Case Study : Tourism in India [10 Marks]

(1) Introduction : India, with its rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and historical sites, attracts millions of tourists each year. Tourism significantly contributes to India's GDP, generating employment and boosting infrastructure. This case study explores factors impacting tourism in India, examines seasonal patterns, and assesses tourist satisfaction through a survey.
(2) Methodology : The study involved primary data collection through a structured survey targeting 500 tourists across major destinations like Delhi, Jaipur, Goa and Kerala. Additionally, secondary data from government reports and tourism boards were used. The survey included questions about preferences, challenges and satisfaction levels, focusing on various demographics, including international and domestic tourists.
(3) Survey Examination : Tourists were surveyed on travel preferences, challenges encountered, accommodation satisfaction and cultural experiences. Feedback highlighted India's appeal due to its history and cultural diversity, but also noted issues like infrastructure gaps and pollution.
(4) Results : The study found that most tourists preferred historical sites and beaches. International tourists were drawn to heritage sites, while domestic tourists preferred nature destinations. Satisfaction was high among tourists who experienced local culture, but infrastructure issues and overcrowding at key locations were common complaints. Overall, 85% of tourists expressed a desire to revisit.

Answer the following questions, based on the given passage :

(i) Complete the following suitably.
In the introduction, the researcher links tourism to India's GDP to highlight ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: its impact on generating employment and boosting infrastructure, that is, the contribution of tourism to the growth of the Indian economy.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either employment/infrastructure or economic growth is accepted.
b) The answer comes from paragraph 1 (Introduction).

(ii) What would the following be classified as ? [1 Mark]
The study involved primary data collection through a structured survey
Select the appropriate response.
(A) Primary purpose
(B) Secondary objective
(C) Method of analysis
(D) Research outcome

Answer: (C) Method of analysis

Teacher's Note:
a) The sentence is from the "Methodology" paragraph, which describes how data was collected.
b) It is not a purpose or a result of the study.

(iii) Give two points to support why the study involved primary data and secondary data. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Primary data: the survey was used to involve 500 tourists across major destinations of the country and learn directly about their preferences, challenges and satisfaction.
2. Secondary data: government reports and tourism boards were used to confirm, verify and support the findings of the primary data.

Teacher's Note:
a) Give one point for primary data and one for secondary data.
b) Mention "500 tourists" and "government reports" as textual support.

(iv) Paragraph 3 includes words - 'preferences' and 'challenges'.
Classify the following sentences as 'preference' or 'challenge' :
Sentence 1 : Feedback highlighted India's appeal due to its history and cultural diversity.
Sentence 2 : Also noted issues like infrastructure gaps and pollution. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Sentence 1 : preference
Sentence 2 : challenge

Teacher's Note:
a) Each correct classification carries 1 mark.
b) "Appeal" shows what tourists like, while "issues" shows problems they faced.

(v) List any two points tourists were asked about in the survey. [1 Mark]

Answer: Tourists were asked about their travel preferences and the challenges they encountered.

Teacher's Note:
a) Other accepted points: accommodation satisfaction, satisfaction levels, cultural experiences.
b) Each point carries half a mark, so write exactly two.

(vi) What were the more preferred destinations ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Historical/heritage sites and beaches were the more preferred destinations (domestic tourists also preferred nature destinations).

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one of heritage sites, nature destinations or beaches is accepted.
b) The answer is in paragraph 4 (Results).

(vii) Analyse why though there was satisfaction among tourists, there were some complaints. [1 Mark]

Answer: Though tourists enjoyed the local culture, they complained because of overcrowding at key locations and infrastructure gaps.

Teacher's Note:
a) Other accepted reasons: pollution, lack of resources.
b) One valid reason is enough for the mark.

(viii) What is the ultimate goal for stakeholders, based on the insights from the study ? [1 Mark]
(A) tourists expressed a desire to revisit.
(B) tourist will visit historical sites.
(C) domestic tourism will increase.
(D) to promote India as a tourist destination.

Answer: (D) to promote India as a tourist destination.

Teacher's Note:
a) A "goal" is something to be achieved, so only option (D) states an aim.
b) Option (A) is a finding of the study, not a goal.

SECTION B

CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS

(Note : All details presented in the questions are imaginary and created for assessment purpose)

3. Attempt ANY ONE of the two (A) or (B) in about 50 words : [1 x 4 = 4]

(A) Your school is organizing an Education Fair in the school premises. As the Head boy / Head girl of Sunshine Public School, Agra, draft a notice informing students of Classes IX - XII about the fair. Include other necessary details. You are Muskan / Manoj. Put your notice in a box. [4 Marks]

Answer:
SUNSHINE PUBLIC SCHOOL, AGRA
NOTICE

EDUCATION FAIR

Date: 10 March 2025

All students of Classes IX - XII are informed that our school is organising an Education Fair in the school premises.
Date: 20 March 2025
Time: 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m.
Venue: School Auditorium
Highlights: career counselling, stall of reputed colleges, information on admissions, courses and stream-wise opportunities.
For details, contact the undersigned.

Muskan
Head Girl

Teacher's Note:
a) Format (1 mark): school name, NOTICE, heading, date, name and designation, all enclosed in a box.
b) Content (2 marks) must include event, date, time, venue, target classes and activities.
c) Stay close to 50 words; the notice body need not be in full paragraphs.

OR

(B) Your school is organising an inter-house 'Maths Quiz' Competition. As president of the Quiz Club, draft a notice informing students of Classes IX - XII about the competition. Include necessary details regarding the number of participants, registration date, etc. You are Akila / Akhil. Put your notice in a box. [4 Marks]

Answer:
ABC PUBLIC SCHOOL, DELHI
NOTICE

INTER-HOUSE MATHS QUIZ COMPETITION

Date: 10 March 2025

The Quiz Club is organising an inter-house 'Maths Quiz' Competition for students of Classes IX - XII.
Date: 25 March 2025
Time: 11:00 a.m.
Venue: Multipurpose Hall
Each house can send a team of three participants. Interested students must register their names with their House Captains by 18 March 2025.
For details, contact the undersigned.

Akila
President, Quiz Club

Teacher's Note:
a) Include number of participants and registration deadline, as the question asks for them.
b) Put the notice in a box and keep the designation at the bottom.
c) Marks: Format 1, Content 2, Expression 1.

4. Attempt ANY ONE of the two (A) or (B) in about 50 words : [1 x 4 = 4]

(A) You are Mr. Abhishek Sharma. You are planning to celebrate your parents' 50^th wedding anniversary in a grand manner. Draft a formal invitation card for your friends and relatives. Mention all necessary details. [4 Marks]

Answer:
Mr. Abhishek Sharma
requests the pleasure of your company
on the auspicious occasion of the
50^th Wedding Anniversary (Golden Jubilee)
of his parents
Mr. Ramesh Sharma and Mrs. Kamla Sharma
on Sunday, 20 April 2025
at 7:00 p.m. onwards
at Hotel Grand Palace, Civil Lines, Delhi.
Dinner to follow.

RSVP:
Abhishek Sharma
Phone: 98XXXXXX10

Teacher's Note:
a) A formal invitation is always written in the third person and put in a box.
b) Include host, occasion, names of parents, day, date, time, venue and RSVP.
c) Do not use "I" or "you" in the card.

OR

(B) You are Mrs. Sonali Gupta, a nutritionist. You are invited by the Principal of Radiant Public School, Jammu to address the students on 'Forming Healthy Food Habits'. Write a formal letter of reply accepting the invitation. [4 Marks]

Answer:
12, Gandhi Nagar
Jammu

10 March 2025

The Principal
Radiant Public School
Jammu

Subject: Acceptance of invitation

Dear Sir/Madam,

Thank you for inviting me to address your students on 'Forming Healthy Food Habits' on 20 March 2025 at 10:00 a.m. in the school auditorium. I am pleased to accept the invitation and will be there on time.

Yours sincerely,
Sonali Gupta
(Nutritionist)

Teacher's Note:
a) Value points: thanks, mention of event, date, time and venue, and clear acceptance.
b) Follow the formal letter format with sender's address, date, receiver, subject and closing.
c) Keep the reply brief, in about 50 words.

5. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, (A) or (B) in 120-150 words : [1 x 5 = 5]

(A) You are Siddharth, of 46, Krishi Apartments, Lucknow. You read the given advertisement and wish to apply for the post advertised. Write a job application along with your bio-data.
Rajan Readymade Cloth Mart
requires - Store Manager
Qualifications : Graduate
Skills - Knowledge of textiles, trending fashions, customer service skills, sales skills, organizational and leadership abilities.
Experience - Minimum 5 years in store keeping
Write to
The Manager,
Rajan Readymade Cloth Mart, 14 M.G. Road, Lucknow [5 Marks]

Answer:
46, Krishi Apartments
Lucknow

10 March 2025

The Manager
Rajan Readymade Cloth Mart
14 M.G. Road, Lucknow

Subject: Application for the post of Store Manager

Sir/Madam,

With reference to your advertisement for the post of Store Manager, I wish to offer my candidature. I am a graduate with six years of experience in store keeping. I have good knowledge of textiles and trending fashions, and strong customer service, sales and leadership skills. My bio-data is enclosed for your consideration. I shall be available for an interview at your convenience.

Yours faithfully,
Siddharth

BIO-DATA
Name: Siddharth
Address: 46, Krishi Apartments, Lucknow
Date of Birth: 12 June 1994
Qualifications: B.Com., Lucknow University (2015)
Experience: 6 years as Store In-charge, Fashion Hub, Lucknow
Skills: textile knowledge, customer service, sales, team leadership
Languages: English, Hindi
References: Mr. R.K. Verma, Manager, Fashion Hub, Lucknow

Teacher's Note:
a) Cover letter: refer to the advertisement, state suitability and offer candidature.
b) Bio-data: personal details, qualifications, experience, skills and references.
c) Marks: Format 1, Content 2, Expression 2.

OR

(B) Now-a-days students are leading a stressful life. Academic deadlines, grades, competitions can leave them feeling anxious. Stress Management Skills are recognized crucial for today's youth.
Write a letter to the editor of a national daily discussing the benefits of teaching stress management skills to children. Also suggest ways how school and parents can help children in coping with stress. You are a counsellor, Swati Mathur from 14, J.M. Layout, Bhubaneshwar, Orissa. You may use the following cues along with your own ideas to draft the letter.
- What are the factors that cause stress ?
- What are some techniques to manage stress ?
- Setting goals, time management, healthy lifestyle.
- Role of school in teaching stress management skills. [5 Marks]

Answer:
14, J.M. Layout
Bhubaneshwar, Orissa

10 March 2025

The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi

Subject: Need to teach stress management skills to children

Sir,

Through your esteemed daily, I wish to highlight the growing stress among students. As a counsellor, I see many children suffering from anxiety, poor sleep and low confidence.

Academic deadlines, pressure for grades, competition and parental expectations are the main causes. Teaching stress management skills helps children stay calm, focused and confident.

Simple techniques like yoga, meditation, morning walks and talking openly about problems work well. Setting realistic goals, managing time and following a healthy lifestyle with proper sleep and diet also help.

Schools should hold regular workshops and counselling sessions and include life skills in the timetable. Parents must avoid comparisons and spend quality time with their children. The media can also spread awareness.

I hope the authorities will take this issue seriously.

Yours truly,
Swati Mathur
(Counsellor)

Teacher's Note:
a) Include causes of stress, techniques, benefits and the role of school and parents.
b) Use the letter-to-editor format with subject line and formal tone.
c) Keep the body within 120-150 words.

6. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, (A) or (B) in 120-150 words : [1 x 5 = 5]

(A) Development and urbanization lead to deforestation which leads to bio-diversity loss. This results in extinction of species and further leads to ecological imbalance which adversely impacts man's survival. Write an article for your school magazine stressing on the need to prevent bio-diversity loss and suggest ways and solutions to prevent bio-diversity loss. You may use some of the given cues along with your own ideas to compose the article.
You are Akash of class XII B.
- What is bio-diversity loss ?
- Why is it necessary to prevent bio diversity loss ?
- What needs to be done to preserve habitat ?
- Practice the 'Reduce, Reuse, Recycle principle in daily life.
- What are the benefits of preventing bio-diversity loss ? [5 Marks]

Answer:
SAVE BIO-DIVERSITY, SAVE LIFE
By Akash, XII B

Bio-diversity loss means the decline or disappearance of the variety of plants and animals on Earth. Rapid development and urbanisation have led to large-scale deforestation, destroying the natural homes of countless species.

Preventing this loss is necessary because every species plays a role in the food chain. When species become extinct, the ecological balance is disturbed, and this finally threatens man's own survival.

We must protect habitats by planting trees, stopping illegal felling and creating more protected areas. Reducing pollution and fighting climate change are equally important. In daily life, we should follow the 'Reduce, Reuse, Recycle' principle and avoid single-use plastic.

Preventing bio-diversity loss brings many benefits. It ensures food security, clean air and water, medicines and economic stability.

Let us act today, because a rich and varied nature is the best gift we can give to future generations.

Teacher's Note:
a) Format (1 mark): a suitable title and byline.
b) Cover meaning, need, ways to preserve habitat, 3R principle and benefits.
c) Keep within 120-150 words with clear paragraphs.

OR

(B) You are Vinay, student reporter of Brook Public School, Pune. In a significant move to boost sports culture and fitness among students, your school set up a new sports arena. On the inauguration by the Sports Minister, the school showcased its new infrastructure and facilities. Write a comprehensive report of the inauguration ceremony and include details of the sports facilities.
You may organize your report by following -
Who - What - When - Where - Why - How. [5 Marks]

Answer:
NEW SPORTS ARENA INAUGURATED AT BROOK PUBLIC SCHOOL
By Vinay, Student Reporter

Pune, 5 March 2025: To boost sports culture and fitness among students, Brook Public School, Pune, inaugurated its new sports arena on 4 March 2025. The Sports Minister was the chief guest. Parents, teachers and students attended the ceremony.

The programme began with the lamp lighting and a welcome song. The Minister cut the ribbon and was taken on a tour of the arena. The state-of-the-art facilities include a synthetic athletics track, a football ground, basketball and volleyball courts, an indoor hall for badminton and table tennis, a swimming pool and a modern gym.

Students then presented a march past, a yoga show and a friendly basketball match. In his address, the Minister praised the high-end infrastructure and urged students to make sports a part of daily life.

The Principal thanked the chief guest, and the event ended with the National Anthem.

Teacher's Note:
a) Format (1 mark): headline and byline; begin with place and date.
b) Answer who, what, when, where, why and how, and list the sports facilities.
c) Write in the past tense and in the third person.

SECTION C

LITERATURE

7. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [1 x 6 = 6]

(A)

It would be an exotic moment
without rush, without engines.
we would all be together
in a sudden strangeness
Fishermen in the cold sea
would not harm whales
and the man gathering salt
would look back at his hurt hands.
(Keeping Quiet)

(i) How according to the poet can we create this exotic moment ? [1 Mark]

Answer: We can create this exotic moment by keeping quiet, suspending all activity and rushing, and spending the moment of silence and stillness in self-reflection and introspection.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: keeping quiet, stillness, introspection.
b) The poet asks us to count to twelve and keep still.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
The outcome of fisherman's activity led to the ___ (destruction / protection) of environment. [1 Mark]

Answer: destruction

Teacher's Note:
a) Fishermen harming whales is an example of man damaging nature.
b) The pause would stop this harm, showing the activity itself was destructive.

(iii) What is the common outcome of this exotic moment ? [1 Mark]
(A) No rush and no mechanization
(B) Men would be gathering salt.
(C) There would be a strangeness among warring nations.
(D) Fisherman will look at his hurt hands.

Answer: (A) No rush and no mechanization

Teacher's Note:
a) "without rush, without engines" describes the moment that everyone shares.
b) Option (D) wrongly links the hurt hands to the fisherman instead of the salt gatherer.

(iv) Choose the correct option :
The tone of the poet is ___ (appealing / introspective) in the line "and the man gathering salt would look back at his hurt hands." [1 Mark]

Answer: introspective

Teacher's Note:
a) "Look back" suggests reflecting on one's own suffering.
b) Introspection means looking within oneself.

(v) The poet uses the expression 'sudden strangeness' to suggest ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: an unusual and unique experience of silence that would bring universal peace, brotherhood and harmony.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one of unusual experience, uniqueness, universal peace, brotherhood or harmony is accepted.
b) The strangeness is "sudden" because such a pause never happens in busy life.

(vi) Read the assertion and the reason below, with reference to the given extract :
Assertion : The poet advocates for taking a break to introspect the damage inflicted by man.
Reason : Introspection will make man's life better.
Choose the correct option regarding their relationship. [1 Mark]
(A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation.
(B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) The Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(D) The Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Answer: (B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
a) The poet wants a pause because introspection can improve human life.
b) Note that options (A) and (B) are in the reverse order of the usual pattern here.

OR

(B)

A thing of beauty is a joy forever
Its loveliness increases, it will never
pass into nothingness; but will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing,
Therefore, on every morrow are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth.
(A Thing of Beauty)

(i) By the phrase 'joy forever' the poet refers to things [1 Mark]
(A) that make people extremely happy.
(B) that are a feast to eyes.
(C) that are a constant source of happiness.
(D) that are beautiful but transient.

Answer: (C) that are a constant source of happiness.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Forever" signals lasting, constant joy.
b) Option (D) contradicts the idea because "transient" means short-lived.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
By using the expression 'never pass into nothingness' the poet states that nature's beauty will create a ___ (lasting/temporary) impression on man's mind. [1 Mark]

Answer: lasting

Teacher's Note:
a) "Never pass into nothingness" means it never fades away.
b) The loveliness of a beautiful thing keeps increasing.

(iii) How does Keats make it evident that there is a link between man's wellness and nature's beauty ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Keats says a thing of beauty keeps a quiet bower for us and gives a sleep full of sweet dreams, health and quiet breathing, showing its effect on man's physical, emotional and mental well-being.

Teacher's Note:
a) Quote "health, and quiet breathing" as evidence.
b) Link nature's beauty to both body and mind.

(iv) Read the Assertion and the Reason below, with reference to the given extract :
Assertion : Keats states that man derives strength and inspiration from the beauty of nature.
Reason : Nature gives physical, emotional and mental solace to man.
Choose the correct option regarding their relationship. [1 Mark]
(A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) The Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.
(D) The Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.

Answer: (A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
a) Man draws strength from nature because nature comforts him in body and mind.
b) Check whether the Reason answers "why" the Assertion is true.

(v) Select one phrase from the extract which implies that man wants to continue his life on this earth despite innumerable problems. [1 Mark]

Answer: 'A flowery band to bind us to the earth'

Teacher's Note:
a) 'on every morrow are we wreathing a flowery band' is also accepted.
b) Quote the phrase exactly within quotation marks.

(vi) Complete the following sentence :
'a sleep full of sweet dreams' implies ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: a sound, deep and peaceful sleep without stress, which indicates good health.

Teacher's Note:
a) Accepted answers: peaceful/calm life, sound or deep sleep, no stress, good health.
b) One suitable phrase is enough.

8. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [1 x 4 = 4]

(A)

At midnight when the town slept in peace, the Dewan and his aged wife dragged the tiger to the car and shoved it into the seat. The Dewan himself drove the car straight to the forest where the Maharaja was hunting. When they reached the forest, the tiger launched its Satyagraha and refused to get out of the car. The Dewan was thoroughly exhausted in his efforts to haul the beast out of the car and push it down to the ground.
On the following day, the same old tiger wandered into the Maharaja's presence and stood as if in humble supplication, "Master, what do you command of me ?" It was with boundless joy that the Maharaja took careful aim at the beast. The tiger fell in a crumpled heap.
(The Tiger King)

(i) How did the Dewan manage to take the tiger to the forest ? [1 Mark]
(A) The Dewan conceded to the tiger's satyagraha.
(B) The Dewan pushed the tiger into the car and drove to the forest.
(C) The Dewan hauled the tiger into the tent.
(D) The Dewan persuaded the tiger into a humble supplication of the Maharaja.

Answer: (B) The Dewan pushed the tiger into the car and drove to the forest.

Teacher's Note:
a) The extract says they "shoved it into the seat" and the Dewan "drove the car straight to the forest".
b) There is no mention of a tent in the extract.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
The attitude of the Dewan in the above extract can be described as ___ (negligent and reluctant / meek and servile) [1 Mark]

Answer: meek and servile

Teacher's Note:
a) The aged Dewan goes to great lengths at midnight only to please the Maharaja.
b) "Servile" means too eager to serve or obey.

(iii) Select one statement or expression from the extract that reflects the humorous writing style of the author. [1 Mark]

Answer: "the tiger launched its Satyagraha and refused to get out of the car."

Teacher's Note:
a) Other accepted lines: "stood as if in humble supplication, 'Master, what do you command of me ?'" or the Dewan dragging and shoving the tiger into the car.
b) Quote the expression exactly from the extract.

(iv) State one reason for the 'boundless joy of the Maharaja'. [1 Mark]

Answer: The Maharaja was overjoyed because he had found the hundredth tiger and was close to fulfilling his vow and proving the prophecy of his death false.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one reason is enough: hundredth tiger, vow, or prophecy.
b) Remember the irony: the prophecy is fulfilled later through a wooden toy tiger.

OR

(B)

The rapid increase of human populations has left us battling with other species for limited resources, and the unmitigated burning of the fossil fuels has now created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world, which is slowly but surely increasing the average global temperature.
Climate change is one of the most hotly contested environmental debates of our time. Will the west Antarctic ice sheet melt entirely ? Will the Gulf stream ocean current be disrupted ? Will be the end of the world as we know it ?
(Journey to the End of the Earth)

(i) List one way in which the increasing human population is affecting other species. [1 Mark]

Answer: Humans are battling with other species for limited resources.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also accepted: exploiting natural resources, or burning fossil fuels leading to global warming.
b) One way is enough.

(ii) Choose the correct option that best reflects the tone of the writer in the last line of the extract. [1 Mark]
(A) happy and excited
(B) encouraging and optimistic
(C) anxious and concerned
(D) spiteful and bitter

Answer: (C) anxious and concerned

Teacher's Note:
a) The series of worried questions shows anxiety about the planet's future.
b) The writer is not bitter; she is concerned.

(iii) Choose the correct option :
'unmitigated burning of fossil fuels' reflects the ___ (avaricious / furious) streak in man's nature. [1 Mark]

Answer: avaricious

Teacher's Note:
a) "Avaricious" means greedy.
b) "Unmitigated" means unchecked, showing endless greed for energy.

(iv) In the above extract, what message is the author giving to mankind ? [1 Mark]

Answer: The author warns mankind to check the burning of fossil fuels and take measures to control climate change by adopting a sustainable lifestyle.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also accepted: forewarning about changes in Antarctica and the Gulf Stream.
b) One clear message is enough.

9. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [1 x 6 = 6]

(A)

The next day both men got up in good season. The crofter was in a hurry to milk his cow, and the other man probably thought he should not stay in bed when the head of the house had gotten up. They left the cottage at the same time. The crofter locked the door and put the key in his pocket. The man with the rattraps said good bye and thank you, and thereupon each went his own way.
But half an hour later the rattrap peddler stood again before the door. He did not try to get in, however. He only went up to the window, smashed a pane, stuck in his hand, and got hold of the pouch with the thirty Kronor. He took the money and thrust it into his own pocket. Then he hung the leather pouch very carefully back in its place and went away.
(The Rattrap)

(i) Select the correct option from those given in brackets, to fill in the blank.
The behaviour of the peddler as described in the above extract is an act of ___. (deceit / obedience) [1 Mark]

Answer: deceit

Teacher's Note:
a) He thanks the crofter and then steals his money.
b) Deceit means cheating someone who trusts you.

(ii) "Both men got up in good season". The author uses the expression 'good season' to denote that [1 Mark]
(A) They slept for a long time.
(B) They got up in a good mood.
(C) They got up early and timely.
(D) They got up hurriedly.

Answer: (C) They got up early and timely.

Teacher's Note:
a) "In good season" is an old expression meaning at the proper, early time.
b) The crofter had to milk his cow early in the morning.

(iii) State the irony in the peddler's response. "The man with the rattraps said good bye and thank you". [1 Mark]

Answer: The peddler politely said 'thank you', but half an hour later he returned to steal the crofter's money, betraying his trust and proving ungrateful for his hospitality.

Teacher's Note:
a) Irony lies in the contrast between his polite words and his dishonest act.
b) Mention the betrayal of trust for the mark.

(iv) Choose the correct option :
The flaw in the peddler's character as reflected in the above extract is [1 Mark]
(A) He is jealous of rich people.
(B) He indulges in self-pity.
(C) He can rob his benefactor.
(D) He can sleep anywhere without any hesitation.

Answer: (C) He can rob his benefactor.

Teacher's Note:
a) The crofter gave him food, shelter and company, yet he stole the thirty kronor.
b) A benefactor is a person who helps you.

(v) Complete the following sentence :
The role of cow in the crofter's life is ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: very important, as the cow is his source of livelihood and income and is important for his survival.

Teacher's Note:
a) The crofter earned the thirty kronor by selling the cow's milk.
b) Use "livelihood" or "income" as the keyword.

(vi) Choose one instance from the above extract to show that peddler acted like a well mannered person. [1 Mark]

Answer: He said 'good bye' and 'thank you' to the crofter before leaving.

Teacher's Note:
a) Also accepted: he felt he should not stay in bed once the head of the house had got up.
b) Choose an instance from the extract only.

OR

(B)

"It takes longer to build a school." I say, embarrassed at having made a promise that was not meant. But promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world.
After months of knowing him, I ask him his name. 'Saheb-e-Alam', he announces. He does not know what it means. If he knew its meaning - lord of the universe - he would have a hard time believing it. Unaware of what his name represents, he roams the streets with his friends, an army of bare feet boys who appear like the morning birds and disappear at noon. Over the months, I have come to recognise each of them.
"Why aren't you wearing chappals ?" I ask one.
"My mother did not bring them down from the shelf." He answers simply.
"Even if she did he will throw them off," adds another who is wearing shoes that do not match.
(The Last Spring)

Select the option from those given in brackets, to fill in the blank.

(i) The intention of the speaker in the first line of the extract is one of ___. (clarification / confusion) [1 Mark]

Answer: clarification

Teacher's Note:
a) The author explains to Saheb why the promised school is not ready.
b) She is embarrassed, not confused.

(ii) What is implied by the expression 'he would have a hard time believing it'. [1 Mark]
(A) Saheb is too innocent to believe everything.
(B) Saheb is living upto his name.
(C) Saheb's living condition is contrary to the meaning of his name.
(D) Saheb is not used to anyone calling his name.

Answer: (C) Saheb's living condition is contrary to the meaning of his name.

Teacher's Note:
a) 'Lord of the universe' is ironic for a barefoot ragpicker.
b) The irony of the name is a key point in 'Lost Spring'.

(iii) Select the correct option from those given in brackets to fill in the blank :
"Promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world."
The above statement of the speaker reveals the fact that people like Saheb are ___ (deluded / empowered) by such promises. [1 Mark]

Answer: deluded

Teacher's Note:
a) Empty promises give false hope and are never kept.
b) "Deluded" means misled or deceived.

(iv) State one reason for the boy was wearing shoes that did not match. [1 Mark]

Answer: Because of poverty, the boy was wearing shoes discarded by others.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either "poverty" or "discarded shoes" earns the mark.
b) Mismatched shoes show that the children wear whatever they find.

(v) The speaker describes Saheb's life as a 'bleak world' because [1 Mark]
(A) he lives in a house without electricity.
(B) his world is his friends.
(C) his life is devoid of hope.
(D) he belongs to the world of illiterates.

Answer: (C) his life is devoid of hope.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Bleak" means without hope or joy.
b) The other options are not stated in the extract.

(vi) "Why aren't you wearing chappals ?" I asked one. The conversation between the speaker and the boys reflects the ___ of the speaker. [1 Mark]

Answer: curiosity and concern (sympathy)

Teacher's Note:
a) Accepted: curiosity, inquisitiveness, sympathy or concern.
b) One suitable word is enough.

10. Answer ANY FIVE of the following six questions in 40-50 words each : [5 x 2 = 10]

(i) What valid reason does Rudyard Kipling have to call an interview immoral ? (The Interview) [2 Marks]

Answer: Rudyard Kipling considered an interview immoral because he felt it was an assault on a person's privacy. He called it a crime and an offence that deserved punishment. According to his wife, their day in America was wrecked when two reporters from Boston came to interview him.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: crime, assault, offence, invasion of privacy.
b) Marks: Content 1, Expression 1.

(ii) How was self-reliance intertwined with the Champaran incident ? (Indigo) [2 Marks]

Answer: Gandhi's lawyer friends wanted Charles Andrews, an Englishman, to stay and help them. Gandhi refused, saying that if their cause was just, they must rely on themselves and not seek help from an Englishman. This taught them self-reliance. The victory also showed the peasants that they had rights and could fight for them.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Charles Andrews incident is the key example of self-reliance.
b) Mention that the peasants learnt courage and self-reliance.

(iii) "I've plenty of time. I'll learn it tomorrow. And now you see where we've come out." (The Last Lesson)
What does M. Hamel mean to convey through these lines ? [2 Marks]

Answer: M. Hamel means that the people of Alsace, including himself, always put off learning French, thinking there was plenty of time. This habit of procrastination has now cost them their language and freedom. The lines express his regret, remorse and helplessness at the lost opportunity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: procrastination, regret, taking language for granted.
b) Note that M. Hamel blames himself as well as the parents and students.

(iv) How can Earth play the role of a teacher according to Pablo Neruda ? (Keeping Quiet) [2 Marks]

Answer: According to Neruda, the Earth teaches us that a period of stillness is not death. In winter, everything seems dead, but life returns in spring. Similarly, a pause for silence helps us gather strength from within, regenerate and come back with new energy for a better life.

Teacher's Note:
a) Quote the idea "as when everything seems dead and later proves to be alive".
b) Keywords: stillness, regeneration, rejuvenation.

(v) 'And such too is the grandeur of dooms'. How can 'grandeur of dooms' be impressive and inspiring according to Keats ? (A Thing of Beauty) [2 Marks]

Answer: 'Grandeur of dooms' refers to the glorious deeds, sacrifices and achievements of our noble ancestors and great people. Keats says that their magnificent lives and deaths are a thing of beauty. Hearing or reading about them fills us with awe and inspires us to face life's struggles.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Dooms" here means destiny or death of the mighty dead.
b) Link it to inspiration for the living.

(vi) "Christ, Sophie, you're still at school. (Going Places)
What image do you form of Geoff as a brother from the above context ? [2 Marks]

Answer: Geoff appears to be a caring and protective brother. He reminds Sophie that she is still a schoolgirl because he does not want her to get hurt or have wrong ideas about life and people. Though he doubts her fantasy, he never humiliates her.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: caring, protective, realistic.
b) Base your answer on Geoff's reaction to Sophie's story about Danny Casey.

11. Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in 40-50 words each : [2 x 2 = 4]

(i) Charlie's desperate attempt to find the third level reflects his frustration with the modern world. What aspects of the modern world have led to Charlie's frustration ? (The Third Level) [2 Marks]

Answer: The modern world is full of insecurity, fear, war, worry and competition. Life has become stressful, and the cost of living is high. These pressures frustrate Charlie, so he wants to escape to the peaceful world of Galesburg of 1894 through the third level.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: insecurity, fear, war, worry, stress.
b) Mention his wish to escape to the past (Galesburg, 1894).

(ii) Why did the servants leave the house despite their concern for their master Dr. Sadao ? (The Enemy) [2 Marks]

Answer: The servants felt the white soldier was their enemy and could not tolerate his presence in the house. They were poor and scared of being punished for helping an enemy. They did not want to be part of such a crime, so they left despite their concern for Dr. Sadao.

Teacher's Note:
a) One strong reason, well explained, earns full content marks.
b) Mention the fear of being called traitors.

(iii) 'I'm not fond of curtains.' What does the above statement speak of Mr. Lamb's character ? (On the Face of it) [2 Marks]

Answer: The statement shows that Mr. Lamb is open-minded, generous and welcoming. He does not want to cut himself off from the world. He likes both light and darkness and seeks the company of others, which reflects his balanced and positive approach to life.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keywords: open-minded, welcoming, not cut off.
b) Contrast him with Derry, who hides from people.

12. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions in 120-150 words : [1 x 5 = 5]

(A) In 'Indigo', Gandhi as the sole representative of peasants fought against the injustice to share-croppers and saved them from the exploitation of the British. On the other hand bangle makers in Firozabad in 'Lost Spring' felt 'There is no leader among them, no one could help them see things differently' and they were caught in the vicious circle.
With reference to the two texts, analyse the importance of a leader and how Gandhi emerged as an ideal leader. [5 Marks]

Answer:
A leader is courageous, decisive and has a clear vision. He gives voice to the voiceless. The two texts show what happens with and without such a leader.

In Firozabad, no one raises a voice for the poor bangle makers. They are easily exploited by middlemen, sahukars, politicians and the police. Years of mindless toil have killed their initiative, and they are resigned to their fate. With no educated person to make them aware of their rights, they cannot even come together as a cooperative. So the vicious circle continues from generation to generation.

In Champaran, Gandhi became the voice of the sharecroppers. He had a clear vision and was a good strategist. He was ready to go to jail for them. He won the case, got them a refund and taught them courage and self-reliance.

Thus, an ideal leader like Gandhi can free people from exploitation.

Teacher's Note:
a) Include at least one point from each text, as it is an inter-textual question.
b) Marks: Content 3, Expression 2.
c) End with a conclusion linking both texts to the importance of leadership.

OR

(B) 'Nature is the best companion to man.' In the light of above quote, analyse the themes of 'A Thing of Beauty' and 'Keeping Quiet'. [5 Marks]

Answer:
Both poems present nature as man's truest friend and guide.

In 'A Thing of Beauty', Keats says that beautiful things of nature are a joy forever. The sun, the moon, trees, daffodils and clear streams comfort man in all aspects of life. They give him physical, mental and emotional well-being, like a quiet bower and a sleep full of sweet dreams. Nature removes the pall of sadness and negativity from our lives and gives us strength and inspiration to face the struggles of life.

In 'Keeping Quiet', Neruda presents the Earth as a teacher. Just as the Earth seems dead in winter and comes alive in spring, a period of silence and introspection helps man regenerate and rejuvenate. The Earth teaches us to gather strength from within, to practise self-restraint and patience, and to understand that a pause is not the end.

Thus, both poets show that nature is the best companion to man.

Teacher's Note:
a) Give at least one point from each poem.
b) Relate each point back to the quote about nature as a companion.
c) Marks: Content 3, Expression 2.

13. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions, in 120-150 words : [1 x 5 = 5]

(A) Dr. Sadao's basic human values and the education he received gave him the ability to rise above prejudices. Analyse the theme of 'The Enemy' in the light of the above statement. [5 Marks]

Answer:
'The Enemy' shows how education and human values help a person rise above narrow prejudices of race and nationality.

Education broadens one's outlook. Dr. Sadao studied in America and was taught by American professors. This helped him look beyond caste, creed and nationality. When he found a wounded American prisoner of war washed ashore, he saw him as a patient and not as an enemy.

His professional ethics urged him to save the soldier's life. He operated on the young man and tended his wound, even though he risked his career, his reputation and the safety of his family. The values of his profession were so deeply ingrained in him that he did not think of the consequences. Later, he helped the soldier escape safely.

Thus, the story conveys that humanity is above all divisions, and true education teaches us to respect every human life.

Teacher's Note:
a) Link each point to education or human values as the question demands.
b) Mention his American education and his duty as a doctor.
c) Marks: Content 3, Expression 2.

OR

(B) Analyse the theme of optimism being the right approach to life in the play 'On the Face of It'. [5 Marks]

Answer:
The play 'On the Face of It' stresses the importance of optimism through the interaction between Mr. Lamb and Derry.

Mr. Lamb is an epitome of hope and optimism. Though he has a tin leg and lives alone, he does not pity himself. He keeps his gate open, welcomes everyone and enjoys simple things like the bees, the weeds and the crab apples. He has learnt to be independent in spite of all odds and lives his life to the fullest despite being lonely.

Derry, on the other hand, is full of self-pity because of his burnt face. His pessimism makes him bitter and cuts him off from people, which hampers his progress.

Mr. Lamb's positive outlook and real-life examples draw Derry out of his shell. Derry becomes aware of his own potential and decides to return.

Thus, the play shows that being positive helps one face the difficulties of life.

Teacher's Note:
a) Contrast Mr. Lamb's optimism with Derry's self-pity.
b) Show the change in Derry as the result of optimism.
c) Marks: Content 3, Expression 2.

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