CBSE Class 12 English Question Paper 2025 Solved Code 1-1-3

SECTION A

READING SKILLS

1. Read the following passage carefully : [12 Marks]

(1) Marketing is all about creativity and expression, so it must be an art, right? Not necessarily. While marketers once relied purely on instinct, they now rely on data-driven insights. On top of that, cutting-edge technologies and analytics have shifted the focus of marketing farther toward the science side of the spectrum. Armed with so much data, marketers can now track the impact of money spent on their bottom line.
(2) In today's world, the best approach to marketing combines both disciplines. And there's a distinct balance to the craft - a strategic mix of interpersonal empathy and tactical analysis. Neither side of the mix can be isolated or ignored, or the results will not be encouraging. Psychologists believe the brain is separated into two distinct functions : the left-brain and the right-brain. The right side of the brain is responsible for creative thinking and artistic intuition.
(3) As an art, marketing is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour and determining how to make an emotional connection with the customer. More importantly, some level of art is needed to create brand standards for your company, including the logo, messaging, and overall visual identity for a brand.
(4) Right-brained marketers focus on the creative - the copy, graphics and emotions tied to the message. The science side of marketing tells us to let the data guide what strategies will be most effective. Marketers are now reporting the need for digital-first expertise including digital proficiency, data analysis, and data science. With science, marketers adopt an outcome-centric mindset that helps them curate smarter campaigns. Over the past few years, there has been an evolving prioritization on data-savvy talent. In 2020 and beyond, brands will need to focus on recruiting talent that can understand the complexities of AI and machine technologies.
(5) But when we reflect on earlier times, marketing was defined as the predominance of traditional advertising, like television, newspaper, and direct mail. Today, it ropes in digital channels, social media, mobile devices, and integrated, complex campaigns. And just as consumers today are more tech-savvy, employees should be able to match - and exceed - their expertise. It's important that brands continue to prioritize creative, engaging campaign messages while also focusing on key insights and performance metrics for optimal results.

Answer the following questions, based on the passage above :

(i) According to paragraph 1, how does the author describe the evolution of marketing ? [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Marketing has evolved from relying purely on instinct to being driven by data.
2. Data-driven insights, cutting-edge technology and analytics have now pushed marketing towards the science side, making it more scientific.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any two value points earn 1 mark each: instinct to data, more scientific, or a mix of art and science.
b) Show the change from "then" to "now" to bring out the idea of evolution.

(ii) Choose ONE of the following statements that aptly reflects the point of view of the writer. [1 Mark]
(a) In the field of marketing, there is a conflict between Art and Science.
(b) Art and Science should work in tandem to do effective marketing.

Answer: (b) Art and Science should work in tandem to do effective marketing.

Teacher's Note:
a) Paragraph 2 says the best approach "combines both disciplines".
b) The writer never calls it a conflict, so option (a) is wrong.

(iii) Provide ONE textual evidence with reference to paragraph 3 to support that marketing is an art. [1 Mark]

Answer: Marketing is an art because it is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour and determining how to make an emotional connection with the customer.

Teacher's Note:
a) The need for art to create brand standards like the logo, messaging and visual identity is also accepted.
b) Quote or closely paraphrase paragraph 3 only.

(iv) Based on the passage, assess the way data and digital platforms have transformed the field of marketing and employment. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Marketing data helps marketers track the impact of money spent and frame the most effective strategies.
2. Marketers now need digital-first expertise such as digital proficiency, data analysis and data science, so data-savvy talent is preferred in employment.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cover both marketing and employment for full marks.
b) The shift to digital channels, social media and mobile devices is also an accepted point.

(v) ___ cutting-edge technologies and analytics have shifted the focus of marketing. (Para 1)
By 'cutting-edge technologies', the writer refers to ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: the latest, state of the art technologies, such as AI and machine technologies.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Latest", "upgraded" or "state of the art" technology are all accepted.
b) "Cutting-edge" means the most advanced stage of development.

(vi) Complete the analogy with ONE word from paragraph 2 :
included : incorporated : ___ : secluded [1 Mark]
(A) approach
(B) empathy
(C) isolated
(D) intuition

Answer: (C) isolated

Teacher's Note:
a) "Included" and "incorporated" are synonyms, so the blank needs a synonym of "secluded".
b) "Isolated" is used in paragraph 2: "Neither side of the mix can be isolated".

(vii) 'Marketing is all about understanding the nuances of human behaviour. (Para 3)
The writer uses the word 'nuances' to denote [1 Mark]
(A) man's appreciation for art.
(B) man's preference for branded clothes.
(C) the complexities of human character.
(D) human inclination for analytical approach.

Answer: (C) the complexities of human character.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Nuances" means subtle differences or fine shades of meaning.
b) Marketing as an art tries to understand these subtle aspects of human behaviour.

(viii) Complete the following based on your understanding of the above passage :
According to the writer, modern marketing is built on both ___ and ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: science and art (interpersonal empathy and tactical analysis).

Teacher's Note:
a) Either pair, "science and art" or "interpersonal empathy and tactical analysis", is accepted.
b) Both blanks must be filled correctly for the mark.

(ix) '___ exceed their expertise'. (Para 5)
With reference to paragraph 5, what skills do you think the employees should possess to match the demand of the consumers ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Employees should have tech-expertise to match and exceed the expertise of tech-savvy consumers, along with the skill to draft creative, engaging campaign messages and to focus on key insights and performance metrics.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one skill, such as tech-expertise or creativity, earns the mark.
b) Link the skill to the fact that consumers today are more tech-savvy.

(x) What fascinating fact about the human brain is revealed by the writer in the above passage. [1 Mark]

Answer: The brain is separated into two distinct functions, the left-brain and the right-brain, and the right side is responsible for creative thinking and artistic intuition.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either part of this fact is enough for the mark.
b) This fact is given in paragraph 2, not paragraph 4.

2. Case Study : Tourism in India [10 Marks]

(1) Introduction : India, with its rich cultural heritage, diverse landscapes, and historical sites, attracts millions of tourists each year. Tourism significantly contributes to India's GDP, generating employment and boosting infrastructure. This case study explores factors impacting tourism in India, examines seasonal patterns, and assesses tourist satisfaction through a survey.
(2) Methodology : The study involved primary data collection through a structured survey targeting 500 tourists across major destinations like Delhi, Jaipur, Goa and Kerala. Additionally, secondary data from government reports and tourism boards were used. The survey included questions about preferences, challenges and satisfaction levels, focusing on various demographics, including international and domestic tourists.
(3) Survey Examination : Tourists were surveyed on travel preferences, challenges encountered, accommodation satisfaction and cultural experiences. Feedback highlighted India's appeal due to its history and cultural diversity, but also noted issues like infrastructure gaps and pollution.
(4) Results : The study found that most tourists preferred historical sites and beaches. International tourists were drawn to heritage sites, while domestic tourists preferred nature destinations. Satisfaction was high among tourists who experienced local culture, but infrastructure issues and overcrowding at key locations were common complaints. Overall, 85% of tourists expressed a desire to revisit.

Answer the following questions, based on the given passage :

(i) Complete the following suitably.
In the introduction, the researcher links tourism to India's GDP to highlight ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: the contribution of tourism to the growth of the Indian economy, through generating employment and boosting infrastructure.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either "impact on employment and infrastructure" or "contribution to economic growth" is accepted.
b) Keep the completion short and in grammatical agreement with the sentence.

(ii) What would the following be classified as ?
The study involved primary data collection through a structured survey
Select the appropriate response. [1 Mark]
(A) Primary purpose
(B) Secondary objective
(C) Method of analysis
(D) Research outcome

Answer: (C) Method of analysis

Teacher's Note:
a) The sentence appears under "Methodology", which describes how the study was done.
b) It is not a purpose or an outcome of the study.

(iii) Give two points to support why the study involved primary data and secondary data. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Primary data: to get first-hand views of 500 tourists across major destinations of the country about their preferences, challenges and satisfaction.
2. Secondary data: data from government reports and tourism boards was used to verify and support the findings of the primary data.

Teacher's Note:
a) Give one point for primary data and one for secondary data.
b) Covering various demographics, both international and domestic, is also accepted.

(iv) Paragraph 3 includes words - 'preferences' and 'challenges'.
Classify the following sentences as 'preference' or 'challenge' :
Sentence 1 : Feedback highlighted India's appeal due to its history and cultural diversity. [1 Mark]
Sentence 2 : Also noted issues like infrastructure gaps and pollution. [1 Mark]

Answer:
Sentence 1 : preference
Sentence 2 : challenge

Teacher's Note:
a) "Appeal" shows what tourists like, so it is a preference.
b) "Issues" shows problems faced, so it is a challenge.

(v) List any two points tourists were asked about in the survey. [1 Mark]

Answer: Tourists were asked about their travel preferences and the challenges they encountered.

Teacher's Note:
a) Accommodation satisfaction and cultural experiences are also correct; each point carries half a mark.
b) Give exactly two points as asked.

(vi) What were the more preferred destinations ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Historical sites and beaches were the more preferred destinations.

Teacher's Note:
a) Heritage sites or nature destinations are also accepted.
b) The answer is in paragraph 4 (Results).

(vii) Analyse why though there was satisfaction among tourists, there were some complaints. [1 Mark]

Answer: Tourists enjoyed the local culture, but they complained because of infrastructure gaps and overcrowding at key locations.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one reason, such as overcrowding, lack of resources, infrastructure gaps or pollution, is enough.
b) Link the complaint to a real problem mentioned in the passage.

(viii) What is the ultimate goal for stakeholders, based on the insights from the study ? [1 Mark]
(A) tourists expressed a desire to revisit.
(B) tourist will visit historical sites.
(C) domestic tourism will increase.
(D) to promote India as a tourist destination.

Answer: (D) to promote India as a tourist destination.

Teacher's Note:
a) A "goal" is something to be achieved, while option (A) is only a finding.
b) All the insights of the study help in promoting India as a destination.

SECTION B

CREATIVE WRITING SKILLS

(Note : All details presented in the questions are imaginary and created for assessment purpose)

3. Attempt ANY ONE of the two (A) or (B) in about 50 words : [4 Marks]

(A) Your school is organizing an Education Fair in the school premises. As the Head boy / Head girl of Sunshine Public School, Agra, draft a notice informing students of Classes IX - XII about the fair. Include other necessary details. You are Muskan / Manoj. Put your notice in a box. [4 Marks]

Answer:
SUNSHINE PUBLIC SCHOOL, AGRA
NOTICE

EDUCATION FAIR

15 February 2025

All students of Classes IX - XII are informed that an Education Fair will be held in the school premises.
Date: 25 February 2025
Time: 9:00 a.m. to 2:00 p.m.
Venue: School Auditorium
Highlights: career counselling, stalls of colleges and universities, stream-wise courses and admission guidance.
For details, contact the undersigned.

Muskan
Head Girl

Teacher's Note:
a) Format (1 mark): school name, NOTICE, heading, date, name and designation, all enclosed in a box.
b) Content (2 marks): event, date, time, venue, target classes, activities and contact.
c) Keep it to about 50 words and write only in the third person.

OR

(B) Your school is organising an inter-house 'Maths Quiz' Competition. As president of the Quiz Club, draft a notice informing students of Classes IX - XII about the competition. Include necessary details regarding the number of participants, registration date, etc. You are Akila / Akhil. Put your notice in a box. [4 Marks]

Answer:
ABC PUBLIC SCHOOL, DELHI
NOTICE

INTER-HOUSE MATHS QUIZ

15 February 2025

The Quiz Club is organising an Inter-house Maths Quiz Competition for students of Classes IX - XII.
Date: 28 February 2025
Time: 10:00 a.m.
Venue: School Auditorium
Participants: three students from each house
House captains should submit names to the undersigned by 22 February 2025.

Akila
President, Quiz Club

Teacher's Note:
a) Include the number of participants and the last date of registration, as asked.
b) Format marks need the heading, date, name and designation in a box.
c) Do not exceed about 50 words.

4. Attempt ANY ONE of the two (A) or (B) in about 50 words : [4 Marks]

(A) You are Mr. Abhishek Sharma. You are planning to celebrate your parents' 50^th wedding anniversary in a grand manner. Draft a formal invitation card for your friends and relatives. Mention all necessary details. [4 Marks]

Answer:
Mr. Abhishek Sharma
requests the pleasure of your company
on the joyous occasion of the
Golden Wedding Anniversary
of his beloved parents
Mr. Ramesh Sharma and Mrs. Sunita Sharma
on Sunday, 16 March 2025
at 7:00 p.m.
at Hotel Grand Palace, Civil Lines, Jaipur
Dinner to follow

RSVP: Abhishek Sharma - 98XXXXXX10

Teacher's Note:
a) A formal invitation is written in the third person and placed in a box, with no salutation or signature.
b) Include host, occasion, names of parents, day, date, time, venue and RSVP.
c) Use standard phrases like "requests the pleasure of your company".

OR

(B) You are Mrs. Sonali Gupta, a nutritionist. You are invited by the Principal of Radiant Public School, Jammu to address the students on 'Forming Healthy Food Habits'. Write a formal letter of reply accepting the invitation. [4 Marks]

Answer:
12, Gandhi Nagar
Jammu

15 February 2025

The Principal
Radiant Public School
Jammu

Subject: Acceptance of invitation to address students

Dear Sir/Madam,

Thank you for inviting me to address your students on 'Forming Healthy Food Habits' on 25 February 2025 at 10:00 a.m. in the school auditorium. I am pleased to accept the invitation. Kindly arrange a projector for my presentation.

Yours sincerely,
Sonali Gupta
(Nutritionist)

Teacher's Note:
a) Thank the sender, restate the event, date, time and venue, and clearly accept.
b) Follow formal letter format: address, date, receiver, subject, salutation and closing.
c) Keep it brief, about 50 words in the body.

5. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, (A) or (B) in 120-150 words : [5 Marks]

(A) You are Reshmi of 17, Rose Valley, Avenue, Dehradun. You read the given advertisement and wish to apply for the post advertised. Write this job application along with your bio-data :
KPMG
requires
Software Developer
Qualification - B.E./B.Tech. in Computer Science
Skills required - Proficiency in programming languages, understanding of computer systems and problem solving skills.
- Understanding of user needs and software requirements.
Experience - Min. 3 years in similar field.
Apply to
The H.R. Manager,
KPMG Pvt. Ltd.,
40, New Friends Colony,
Dehradun [5 Marks]

Answer:
17, Rose Valley Avenue
Dehradun

15 February 2025

The H.R. Manager
KPMG Pvt. Ltd.
40, New Friends Colony
Dehradun

Subject: Application for the post of Software Developer

Sir/Madam,

With reference to your advertisement for a Software Developer, I wish to offer my candidature for the post. I have a B.Tech. in Computer Science and four years of experience in software development. I am confident that my skills suit your requirements. My bio-data is enclosed for your kind consideration.

Yours faithfully,
Reshmi

BIO-DATA
Name: Reshmi
Address: 17, Rose Valley Avenue, Dehradun
Date of Birth: 10 May 1995
Qualification: B.Tech. (Computer Science), 2017
Experience: 4 years as Software Developer, Infotech Solutions, Dehradun
Skills: Java, Python, C++; knowledge of computer systems; problem solving; understanding user needs and software requirements
Achievements: Best Employee Award, 2022
Hobbies: reading, chess
Languages: English, Hindi
References: 1. Mr. A.K. Verma, Project Head, Infotech Solutions, Dehradun; 2. Dr. S. Rao, Professor, DIT University, Dehradun

Teacher's Note:
a) The cover letter must refer to the advertisement, show suitability and offer candidature.
b) The bio-data should give personal details, qualifications, experience, skills and references.
c) Match your qualification and experience with what the advertisement asks for (minimum 3 years).

OR

(B) You are Susheel of 10, R.K. Marg, New Delhi. You come across a report stating that a number of people in cities suffer from respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and heart diseases due to air pollution.
Write a letter to the editor of a national daily expressing your concern and suggestions and ways to improve the situation. You may use some of the cues given along with your own ideas to draft the letter.
What are the causes for air pollution ?
What are the ways it affects human health ?
Ways to reduce air pollution.
Steps to be taken by government.
How can common people help in reducing air pollution ?
Role of Media [5 Marks]

Answer:
10, R.K. Marg
New Delhi

15 February 2025

The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi

Subject: Rising health problems due to air pollution

Sir,

Through the columns of your esteemed daily, I wish to express my concern over a recent report which states that many people in cities suffer from respiratory diseases, lung cancer and heart diseases due to air pollution.

Vehicular emission, industrial smoke, burning of crop stubble and dust from construction are the main causes. Polluted air damages our lungs and heart and is especially harmful for children and the elderly.

The government must promote public transport and electric vehicles, and enforce strict emission norms. Common people can use car pools, plant trees and avoid burning waste. The media can play a key role in spreading awareness and sensitising citizens.

A lot more needs to be done. I hope the authorities take urgent action.

Yours truly,
Susheel

Teacher's Note:
a) Cover at least four points: concern, causes, health effects, steps by government, role of people and media.
b) Format marks need sender's address, date, receiver, subject, salutation, closing and name.
c) Keep the tone formal and stay within 120-150 words.

6. Attempt ANY ONE of the two, (A) or (B) in 120-150 words : [5 Marks]

(A) Parents want their children to excel in academics and due to this physical activity is compromised. Sports is an important aspect of education and is deeply connected with the physical, physiological, mental, and intellectual health of the students.
Write an article for your school magazine stressing on the value of sports in education. You may use the some of the cues given along with your own ideas to compose the article.
You are Anil Vij of XII-G.
Helps in maintaining physical and mental fitness.
Brings motivation, discipline, and concentration.
Enhances confidence levels and leadership qualities.
Role of school in promoting sports. [5 Marks]

Answer:
SPORTS: AN ESSENTIAL PART OF EDUCATION
By Anil Vij, XII-G

In the race for high marks, many parents push their children only towards books, and physical activity is ignored. However, sports are as important as academics for the overall development of a child.

Sports help students maintain physical and mental fitness. Regular play keeps the body active and reduces stress. Sports also bring motivation, discipline and concentration, which are needed to achieve any goal. On the field, students learn teamwork, quick decision making and how to accept both victory and defeat. This enhances their confidence and builds leadership qualities.

Schools have a big role to play. They should provide good playgrounds, trained coaches and a fixed sports period every day. Inter-house and inter-school events can encourage more participation. Parents too must support their children's interest in games.

A healthy mind lives in a healthy body. Let us give sports their rightful place in education.

Teacher's Note:
a) Format mark is only for a suitable title and the byline (name and class).
b) Introduce the topic, develop at least four points from the cues and end with a conclusion.
c) Stay within 120-150 words and use paragraphs.

OR

(B) Your school has recently inaugurated a botanical garden in the school campus to educate children on the need to preserve species of plants and appreciate their significance in our lives. As a member of the student editorial board, write a report of the inaugural ceremony and details of the garden to be published in your school newsletter. You are Ayush of class XII A.
You may organize your report by following -
Who - What - When - Where - Why - How. [5 Marks]

Answer:
BOTANICAL GARDEN INAUGURATED IN SCHOOL
By Ayush, XII A, Student Editorial Board

New Delhi, 15 February 2025: A botanical garden was inaugurated in our school campus on 12 February 2025 to teach students the need to preserve plant species and appreciate their importance in our lives.

The chief guest, Dr. R.K. Mehta, a well-known botanist, cut the ribbon at 10:00 a.m. in the presence of the Principal, teachers and members of the Eco Club. The ceremony began with a welcome song, followed by the planting of a neem sapling by the chief guest.

The garden has more than 150 species of plants, including medicinal herbs, rare and endangered plants, cacti and a butterfly corner. Every plant carries a name board with its scientific name and uses. Eco Club members will look after the garden.

In his address, the chief guest urged students to protect plants and use the garden as a living laboratory. The event ended with a vote of thanks by the Eco Club President.

Teacher's Note:
a) Format mark needs a title and byline; the report should be written in the past tense.
b) Answer who, what, when, where, why and how: date, venue, chief guest, activities, garden details and the address.
c) Keep it within 120-150 words.

SECTION C

LITERATURE

7. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [6 Marks]

(A)

It would be an exotic moment
without rush, without engines.
we would all be together
in a sudden strangeness
Fishermen in the cold sea
would not harm whales
and the man gathering salt
would look back at his hurt hands.
(Keeping Quiet)

(i) How according to the poet can we create this exotic moment ? [1 Mark]

Answer: We can create this exotic moment by keeping quiet, suspending all activity and enjoying a moment of silence, stillness and self-reflection.

Teacher's Note:
a) Key words: keeping quiet, stillness, introspection.
b) The poet asks everyone to count to twelve and keep still.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
The outcome of fisherman's activity led to the ___ (destruction / protection) of environment. [1 Mark]

Answer: destruction

Teacher's Note:
a) Fishermen harm whales, which shows man's destruction of marine life.
b) The pause of silence would stop this harm.

(iii) What is the common outcome of this exotic moment ? [1 Mark]
(A) No rush and no mechanization
(B) Men would be gathering salt.
(C) There would be a strangeness among warring nations.
(D) Fisherman will look at his hurt hands.

Answer: (A) No rush and no mechanization

Teacher's Note:
a) "Without rush, without engines" describes this common outcome.
b) Option (D) wrongly links the hurt hands to the fisherman.

(iv) Choose the correct option :
The tone of the poet is ___ (appealing / introspective) in the line "and the man gathering salt would look back at his hurt hands." [1 Mark]

Answer: introspective

Teacher's Note:
a) "Look back" suggests looking within and reflecting on one's own suffering.
b) Introspection means examining one's own actions and feelings.

(v) The poet uses the expression 'sudden strangeness' to suggest. ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: an unusual, unique experience of togetherness that would bring universal peace, brotherhood and harmony.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one of: unusual experience, uniqueness, universal peace, brotherhood or harmony.
b) The strangeness is sudden because people are not used to silence.

(vi) Read the assertion and the reason below, with reference to the given extract :
Assertion : The poet advocates for taking a break to introspect the damage inflicted by man.
Reason : Introspection will make man's life better.
Choose the correct option regarding their relationship. [1 Mark]
(A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is not the correct explanation.
(B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) The Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.
(D) The Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.

Answer: (B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, but the Reason is correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
a) The poet wants a pause because reflection leads to a better, peaceful life.
b) Read the order of options carefully, as it differs from the usual pattern.

OR

(B)

A thing of beauty is a joy forever
Its loveliness increases, it will never
pass into nothingness; but will keep
A bower quiet for us, and a sleep
Full of sweet dreams, and health, and quiet breathing,
Therefore, on every morrow are we wreathing
A flowery band to bind us to the earth.
(A Thing of Beauty)

(i) By the phrase 'joy forever' the poet refers to things [1 Mark]
(A) that make people extremely happy.
(B) that are a feast to eyes.
(C) that are a constant source of happiness.
(D) that are beautiful but transient.

Answer: (C) that are a constant source of happiness.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Forever" shows that the joy never ends.
b) Option (D) is the opposite of the poet's idea.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
By using the expression 'never pass into nothingness' the poet states that nature's beauty will create a ___ (lasting/temporary) impression on man's mind. [1 Mark]

Answer: lasting

Teacher's Note:
a) "Never pass into nothingness" means it never fades away.
b) Its loveliness keeps increasing with time.

(iii) How does Keats make it evident that there is a link between man's wellness and nature's beauty ? [1 Mark]

Answer: Keats says that a thing of beauty keeps a quiet bower for us and gives a sleep full of sweet dreams, health and quiet breathing, showing its effect on man's physical, emotional and mental well-being.

Teacher's Note:
a) Quote "health, and quiet breathing" as evidence.
b) Link nature's beauty to sound sleep and good health.

(iv) Read the Assertion and the Reason below, with reference to the given extract :
Assertion : Keats states that man derives strength and inspiration from the beauty of nature.
Reason : Nature gives physical, emotional and mental solace to man.
Choose the correct option regarding their relationship. [1 Mark]
(A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(B) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(C) The Assertion is false, but the Reason is true.
(D) The Assertion is true, but the Reason is false.

Answer: (A) Both the Assertion and Reason are true, and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
a) Man gets strength from nature because nature gives him solace.
b) Check if the Reason answers "why" the Assertion is true.

(v) Select one phrase from the extract which implies that man wants to continue his life on this earth despite innumerable problems. [1 Mark]

Answer: 'A flowery band to bind us to the earth'

Teacher's Note:
a) "On every morrow are we wreathing a flowery band" is also accepted.
b) Copy the phrase exactly within quotation marks.

(vi) Complete the following sentence :
'a sleep full of sweet dreams' implies ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: a peaceful, stress-free, sound sleep that shows good health.

Teacher's Note:
a) Calm life, deep sleep, no stress or good health are all accepted.
b) Keep the completion short.

8. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [4 Marks]

(A)

At midnight when the town slept in peace, the Dewan and his aged wife dragged the tiger to the car and shoved it into the seat. The Dewan himself drove the car straight to the forest where the Maharaja was hunting. When they reached the forest, the tiger launched its Satyagraha and refused to get out of the car. The Dewan was thoroughly exhausted in his efforts to haul the beast out of the car and push it down to the ground.
On the following day, the same old tiger wandered into the Maharaja's presence and stood as if in humble supplication, "Master, what do you command of me ?" It was with boundless joy that the Maharaja took careful aim at the beast. The tiger fell in a crumpled heap.
(The Tiger King)

(i) How did the Dewan manage to take the tiger to the forest ? [1 Mark]
(A) The Dewan conceded to the tiger's satyagraha.
(B) The Dewan pushed the tiger into the car and drove to the forest.
(C) The Dewan hauled the tiger into the tent.
(D) The Dewan persuaded the tiger into a humble supplication of the Maharaja.

Answer: (B) The Dewan pushed the tiger into the car and drove to the forest.

Teacher's Note:
a) The extract says he "shoved it into the seat" and "drove the car straight to the forest".
b) There is no mention of a tent in the extract.

(ii) Choose the correct option :
The attitude of the Dewan in the above extract can be described as ___ (negligent and reluctant / meek and servile) [1 Mark]

Answer: meek and servile

Teacher's Note:
a) The Dewan goes to great lengths, even at midnight with his aged wife, to please the Maharaja.
b) "Servile" means too eager to serve or please others.

(iii) Select one statement or expression from the extract that reflects the humorous writing style of the author. [1 Mark]

Answer: "the tiger launched its Satyagraha and refused to get out of the car."

Teacher's Note:
a) "Stood as if in humble supplication, 'Master, what do you command of me?'" is also accepted.
b) The humour comes from giving human actions to an old, tame tiger.

(iv) State one reason for the 'boundless joy of the Maharaja'. [1 Mark]

Answer: The Maharaja had found his hundredth tiger and was thrilled at being close to fulfilling his vow and proving the prophecy of his death false.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one reason earns the mark.
b) Remember that the hundredth tiger was the key to his vow.

OR

(B)

The rapid increase of human populations has left us battling with other species for limited resources, and the unmitigated burning of the fossil fuels has now created a blanket of carbon dioxide around the world, which is slowly but surely increasing the average global temperature.
Climate change is one of the most hotly contested environmental debates of our time. Will the west Antarctic ice sheet melt entirely ? Will the Gulf stream ocean current be disrupted ? Will be the end of the world as we know it ?
(Journey to the End of the Earth)

(i) List one way in which the increasing human population is affecting other species. [1 Mark]

Answer: Humans are battling with other species for limited resources.

Teacher's Note:
a) Exploiting natural resources or burning fossil fuels that cause climate change are also accepted.
b) One clear point is enough for one mark.

(ii) Choose the correct option that best reflects the tone of the writer in the last line of the extract. [1 Mark]
(A) happy and excited
(B) encouraging and optimistic
(C) anxious and concerned
(D) spiteful and bitter

Answer: (C) anxious and concerned

Teacher's Note:
a) The series of worried questions shows anxiety about the future.
b) There is no anger or bitterness in the lines.

(iii) Choose the correct option :
'unmitigated burning of fossil fuels' reflects the ___ (avaricious / furious) streak in man's nature. [1 Mark]

Answer: avaricious

Teacher's Note:
a) "Avaricious" means greedy.
b) "Unmitigated" means unchecked, showing man's greed for more.

(iv) In the above extract, what message is the author giving to mankind ? [1 Mark]

Answer: The author warns mankind to check the burning of fossil fuels and take measures to control climate change before it harms the Earth's ecosphere.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adopting a sustainable lifestyle is also an accepted message.
b) Frame the message as a warning or advice.

9. Read the following extracts and answer the questions for ANY ONE of the given two (A) or (B) : [6 Marks]

(A)

The next day both men got up in good season. The crofter was in a hurry to milk his cow, and the other man probably thought he should not stay in bed when the head of the house had gotten up. They left the cottage at the same time. The crofter locked the door and put the key in his pocket. The man with the rattraps said good bye and thank you, and thereupon each went his own way.
But half an hour later the rattrap peddler stood again before the door. He did not try to get in, however. He only went up to the window, smashed a pane, stuck in his hand, and got hold of the pouch with the thirty Kronor. He took the money and thrust it into his own pocket. Then he hung the leather pouch very carefully back in its place and went away.
(The Rattrap)

(i) Select the correct option from those given in brackets, to fill in the blank.
The behaviour of the peddler as described in the above extract is an act of ___. (deceit / obedience) [1 Mark]

Answer: deceit

Teacher's Note:
a) He thanked the crofter and then stole his money.
b) Deceit means cheating someone who trusts you.

(ii) "Both men got up in good season". The author uses the expression 'good season' to denote that [1 Mark]
(A) They slept for a long time.
(B) They got up in a good mood.
(C) They got up early and timely.
(D) They got up hurriedly.

Answer: (C) They got up early and timely.

Teacher's Note:
a) "In good season" is an old expression meaning in good time.
b) The crofter had to milk his cow early.

(iii) State the irony in the peddler's response. "The man with the rattraps said good bye and thank you". [1 Mark]

Answer: The peddler thanked the crofter, but half an hour later he returned and stole his thirty kronor, betraying his trust and hospitality.

Teacher's Note:
a) Irony lies in the contrast between his polite words and his ungrateful act.
b) Mention the theft to show the contrast.

(iv) Choose the correct option :
The flaw in the peddler's character as reflected in the above extract is [1 Mark]
(A) He is jealous of rich people.
(B) He indulges in self-pity.
(C) He can rob his benefactor.
(D) He can sleep anywhere without any hesitation.

Answer: (C) He can rob his benefactor.

Teacher's Note:
a) The crofter gave him food, shelter and company, yet he robbed him.
b) A benefactor is a person who helps another.

(v) Complete the following sentence :
The role of cow in the crofter's life is ___. [1 Mark]

Answer: that it is his source of livelihood and income, important for his survival.

Teacher's Note:
a) The crofter earned his thirty kronor by selling the cow's milk.
b) "Source of income" or "survival" is accepted.

(vi) Choose one instance from the above extract to show that peddler acted like a well mannered person. [1 Mark]

Answer: He said good bye and thank you to the crofter before leaving.

Teacher's Note:
a) He also felt he should not stay in bed once the head of the house had got up.
b) Choose an instance from this extract only.

OR

(B)

"It takes longer to build a school." I say, embarrassed at having made a promise that was not meant. But promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world.
After months of knowing him, I ask him his name. 'Saheb-e-Alam', he announces. He does not know what it means. If he knew its meaning - lord of the universe - he would have a hard time believing it. Unaware of what his name represents, he roams the streets with his friends, an army of bare feet boys who appear like the morning birds and disappear at noon. Over the months, I have come to recognise each of them.
"Why aren't you wearing chappals ?" I ask one.
"My mother did not bring them down from the shelf." He answers simply.
"Even if she did he will throw them off," adds another who is wearing shoes that do not match.
(The Last Spring)

Select the option from those given in brackets, to fill in the blank.

(i) The intention of the speaker in the first line of the extract is one of ___. (clarification / confusion) [1 Mark]

Answer: clarification

Teacher's Note:
a) The author explains why the promised school has not yet come up.
b) She is embarrassed, not confused.

(ii) What is implied by the expression 'he would have a hard time believing it'. [1 Mark]
(A) Saheb is too innocent to believe everything.
(B) Saheb is living upto his name.
(C) Saheb's living condition is contrary to the meaning of his name.
(D) Saheb is not used to anyone calling his name.

Answer: (C) Saheb's living condition is contrary to the meaning of his name.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Lord of the universe" contrasts with the life of a barefoot ragpicker.
b) This contrast is the irony in his name.

(iii) Select the correct option from those given in brackets to fill in the blank :
"Promises like mine abound in every corner of his bleak world."
The above statement of the speaker reveals the fact that people like Saheb are ___ (deluded / empowered) by such promises. [1 Mark]

Answer: deluded

Teacher's Note:
a) Empty promises only give false hope to the poor.
b) "Deluded" means misled by false beliefs.

(iv) State one reason for the boy was wearing shoes that did not match. [1 Mark]

Answer: Because of poverty, he wore shoes discarded by others.

Teacher's Note:
a) Either poverty or wearing discarded shoes earns the mark.
b) Mismatched shoes are a sign of the children's deprivation.

(v) The speaker describes Saheb's life as a 'bleak world' because [1 Mark]
(A) he lives in a house without electricity.
(B) his world is his friends.
(C) his life is devoid of hope.
(D) he belongs to the world of illiterates.

Answer: (C) his life is devoid of hope.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Bleak" means dull and without hope.
b) The other options are not suggested by the extract.

(vi) "Why aren't you wearing chappals ?" I asked one. The conversation between the speaker and the boys reflects the ___ of the speaker. [1 Mark]

Answer: curiosity and concern

Teacher's Note:
a) Inquisitiveness or sympathy are also accepted.
b) One suitable word is enough.

10. Answer ANY FIVE of the following six questions in 40-50 words each : [5x2=10]

(i) What valid reason does Rudyard Kipling have to call an interview immoral ? (The Interview) [2 Marks]

Answer: Kipling felt that an interview was an invasion of privacy. He called it immoral, a crime and an assault on a person that deserved punishment. His wife's diary also records that their day was wrecked by two reporters from Boston, which shows how intrusive interviews could be.

Teacher's Note:
a) Key words: crime, assault, invasion of privacy, "day wrecked".
b) Content carries 1 mark and expression 1 mark, so write in clear sentences.

(ii) How was self-reliance intertwined with the Champaran incident ? (Indigo) [2 Marks]

Answer: Gandhiji's lawyer friends wanted C.F. Andrews to stay and help them. Gandhiji refused, saying that if their cause was just, they must rely on themselves and not on an Englishman. This taught them self-reliance. The victory in the case also taught the peasants that they had rights and could fight for them.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Andrews episode is the best example of the lesson in self-reliance.
b) Stay within 40-50 words.

(iii) "I've plenty of time. I'll learn it tomorrow. And now you see where we've come out." (The Last Lesson)
What does M. Hamel mean to convey through these lines ? [2 Marks]

Answer: M. Hamel conveys his regret and grief at the lost opportunity. He blames the people of Alsace, including himself, for putting off learning French till tomorrow. Because of this habit of procrastination, they had taken their language for granted, and now they were losing it forever.

Teacher's Note:
a) Key idea: procrastination and its painful result.
b) Mention that M. Hamel includes himself in the blame.

(iv) How can Earth play the role of a teacher according to Pablo Neruda ? (Keeping Quiet) [2 Marks]

Answer: The Earth teaches us that stillness is not death. In winter everything seems dead, yet life returns in spring. In the same way, a period of silence and inactivity helps us gather strength from within, rejuvenate ourselves and come back to a better, transformed life.

Teacher's Note:
a) Refer to the example of the Earth appearing dead and later proving alive.
b) Link the lesson to the value of a pause for regeneration.

(v) 'And such too is the grandeur of dooms'. How can 'grandeur of dooms' be impressive and inspiring according to Keats ? (A Thing of Beauty) [2 Marks]

Answer: By 'grandeur of dooms', Keats refers to the glorious deaths and achievements of our great ancestors. Their noble deeds and sacrifices are magnificent and awe-inspiring. Hearing or reading about them fills us with inspiration and remains a lasting source of joy, just like other things of beauty.

Teacher's Note:
a) "Dooms" here means the fate or death of mighty dead people.
b) Explain why such stories inspire us.

(vi) "Christ, Sophie, you're still at school. (Going Places)
What image do you form of Geoff as a brother from the above context ? [2 Marks]

Answer: Geoff appears to be a caring and protective brother. When Sophie talks of meeting Danny Casey, he reminds her that she is still a schoolgirl. He does not want her to get hurt or to have false ideas about life and people, yet he never humiliates her.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any one trait, such as caring or protective, supported by context, is enough.
b) Mention the Danny Casey context briefly.

11. Answer ANY TWO of the following three questions, in 40-50 words each : [2x2=4]

(i) Why did Geoff Green start the 'Students on Ice Programme' ? (Journey to the End of the Earth) [2 Marks]

Answer: Geoff Green found that celebrities and rich tourists could give back only in a limited way. He felt that young students are impressionable and are the future policy-makers. By taking them to Antarctica, he wanted them to see that global warming is real, so they would respect the Earth and act to protect it.

Teacher's Note:
a) Key words: future policy-makers, impressionable, change makers.
b) Keep the answer within 40-50 words.

(ii) 'I will struggle first.' I answered. What emotion and trait of Zit-ka-la-sa is revealed in her response ? (Childhood Memories) [2 Marks]

Answer: Her response shows her anger at injustice and her courage and determination. When she learnt that her long hair would be shingled, she decided to resist. It shows her rebellious spirit and her wish to keep her cultural identity at any cost, even though she was helpless in the end.

Teacher's Note:
a) Name both an emotion and a trait, as the question asks for both.
b) Link the answer to the cutting of her hair.

(iii) "Who can limit our future ? It depends on what we make it." What image do you form of Dr. Sadao's father based on the above expressions ? (The Enemy) [2 Marks]

Answer: Dr. Sadao's father appears to be an ambitious, farsighted and progressive person. He believed that we are the makers of our own destiny and that the future lies in our hands. He wanted his son to go beyond boundaries, which is why he sent Sadao to America to study.

Teacher's Note:
a) One clear trait with support from the text earns full content marks.
b) Do not confuse the father's views with Sadao's own.

12. Answer ANY ONE of the following two questions in about 120-150 words : [5 Marks]

(A) Umberto Eco : "I consider myself a University professor who writes novels on Sundays".
Umberto Eco in 'The Interview' and William Douglas in 'Deep Water' are multifaceted personalities. Elaborate with reference to the texts. [5 Marks]

Answer: Umberto Eco and William Douglas are both high-spirited, determined and goal-oriented people with many talents.

Umberto Eco is an academician and a scholar of semiotics. He makes use of his "interstices", the empty spaces of time, very well. On Sundays he gives vent to his creativity by writing novels, children's books and newspaper columns. He is successful in both fields, and through his writing he hopes to bring positive change in the world.

William Douglas was also a man of many parts. He was a prolific writer, a lawyer, an adviser to President Roosevelt and the longest-serving Justice of the US Supreme Court. A childhood incident in the YMCA pool left him with a deep fear of water. With a resolute spirit, he took swimming lessons and conquered his fear.

Both show that determination helps a person succeed in many roles.

Teacher's Note:
a) Refer to both texts; content (3 marks) needs at least one point from each.
b) Expression carries 2 marks, so write in organised paragraphs.
c) Keep within 120-150 words.

OR

(B) What do the images of nature signify in Keats' 'A Thing of Beauty' and Pablo Neruda's 'Keeping Quiet' ? [5 Marks]

Answer: Both poets use images of nature to convey a deeper message to mankind.

In 'A Thing of Beauty', Keats uses images such as the bower, the flowery band, trees old and young, simple sheep, clear rills, the cooling covert and musk-rose blooms. These images signify the lasting beauty and bounty of the earth. They have an uplifting effect on man, giving him peace, good health and sweet dreams. Such beauty is an "endless fountain of immortal drink" that helps man overcome sorrow and binds him to the earth.

In 'Keeping Quiet', Neruda uses images like fishermen in the cold sea, whales and the Earth. The fishermen harming whales show how man exploits nature. The Earth appears dead in winter but later proves alive, and so it acts as a teacher. It shows that meaningful inactivity and silence can bring peace and harmony.

Thus, nature heals and teaches.

Teacher's Note:
a) Give at least one image and its meaning from each poem.
b) Quote a few images exactly to support your points.
c) Write within 120-150 words with a short conclusion.

13. Answer ANY ONE of the following questions, in 120-150 words : [5 Marks]

(A) Compare the characters of Zit-ka-la-sa and Bama in terms of their struggle, pain, determination, and success. (Memories of Childhood) [5 Marks]

Answer: Zitkala-Sa and Bama both suffered discrimination and humiliation in childhood, one because of her race and the other because of her caste.

Zitkala-Sa, a Native American girl, felt lonely and helpless in a boarding school. She was forced to wear tight clothes and her long hair was shingled, which was a sign of cowardice in her culture. She struggled and resisted but was overpowered. Yet she focused on education and later became a writer and reformer who won respect in society.

Bama, a Dalit girl, saw an elder of her community carrying food by its string so as not to "pollute" it. She was angered by this untouchability. Her elder brother guided her to study hard, as education would earn her respect. She worked hard, stood first and gained dignity.

Both used their painful experiences to become successful writers and expose injustice, inspiring many.

Teacher's Note:
a) Cover struggle, pain, determination and success for both characters.
b) Give at least one specific incident from each account.
c) Stay within 120-150 words.

OR

(B) 'It is only war that makes people enemies.' Analyse the theme of the lesson 'The Enemy' in the light of the above statement. [5 Marks]

Answer: 'The Enemy' shows that people of all nationalities belong to one human race and that it is war which turns them into enemies.

Dr. Sadao Hoki had studied medicine in America and had even met his wife there. Yet, because of the war between Japan and America, he developed a dislike for all Americans. When a wounded American soldier was washed ashore near his house, Sadao faced a dilemma. As a Japanese, he should hand him over; as a doctor, he had to save a life. His medical duty won, and he operated on the soldier.

The war also brought out the dark side of people. The servants wanted the soldier thrown back into the sea and left the house rather than serve an enemy. The General thought only of his own health.

In the end, Sadao helped the soldier escape. The story proves that humanity is greater than hatred created by war.

Teacher's Note:
a) Link each point to the statement that war creates enmity.
b) Mention Sadao's dilemma and the servants' reaction as key value points.
c) Keep within 120-150 words with a clear conclusion.

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