CBSE Class 10 Social Science Water Resources VBQs

MCQ Questions for Class 10 Social Science Water Resources

Question : Water produces ___________ power.
(a) Magnetic power
(b) Electric power
(c) Hydroelectricity
(d) Mechanical energy
Answer : C

Question : Oceans contain …………... volume of water.
(a) 90 percent
(b) 75 percent
(c) 96.5 percent
(d) 98 percent
Answer : C

Question : The first multi-purpose project of India was
(a) Sivasamudram
(b) Damodar Valley
(c) Hirakud
(d) Rajasthan Canal
Answer : B

Question : Sardar Sarovar Dam is constructed on
(a) River Krishna
(b) River Mahanadi
(c) River Kaveri
(d) River Narmada
Answer : D

Question : Nagarjuna Sagar Dam is built on which river?
(a) Chenab
(b) Mahanadi
(c) Krishna
(d) Satluj
Answer : C

Question : Which one of the following is not a source of freshwater?
(a) Oceans
(b) Surface run off
(c) Ice-sheets
(d) Groundwater
Answer : B

Question : Which state has made roof top rainwater harvesting structure compulsory to all the houses across the state?
(a) Kerala
(b) Karnataka
(c) Tamil Nadu
(d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer : C

Question : Hirakud dam is built on which river?
(a) Chenab
(b) Mahanadi
(c) Krishna
(d) Satluj
Answer : B

Question : Rooftop rain water harvesting was commonly praticed:
(a) To store drinking water
(b) Irrigation
(c) Gardening
(d) Industries
Answer : A

Question : 96.5 % of the total volume of world’s water exists as :
(a) rivers
(b) glaciers
(c) oceans
(d) seas
Answer : C

Question : Nagarjuna Sagar: River Krishna, Hirakud: _________.
(a) River Narmada
(b) River Godavari
(c) River Kaveri
(d) River Mahanadi
Answer : D

Question : In the semi-arid and arid regions of Rajasthan, all the house store drinking water in ¾¾¾ .
(a) Matkas
(b) Kuls
(c) Tankas
(d) Guls
Answer : C

Question : Which of the following multipurpose projects is found in the Satluj-Beas River basin?
(a) Hirakud Project
(b) Damodar Valley Corporation
(c) Bhakra Nangal Project
(d) Rihand Project
Answer : C

Question : On which of the following issues did the Narmada Bachao Andolan first focus?
(a) Benefits of irrigation to landless farmers
(b) Environmental issues related to submergence of trees under the dam water
(c) Rehabilitation of the people displaced due to construction of the dam
(d) Economic issues of wastage of money for the construction of the dam
Answer : B

Question : Arrange the following events in the correct sequencei.
Excess water from the sump is taken to the well.
ii. Underground pipe takes water to sump for immediate usage.
iii. Rooftop rainwater is collected using a PVC pipe.
iv. Water from the well recharges the underground water.
(a) (i)-(ii)-(iii)-(iv)
(b) (iii)-(ii)-(i)-(iv)
(c) (iv)-(i)-(iii)-(ii)
(d) (iv)-(ii)-(iii)-(i)
Answer : B

True / False

Question : Hirakund dam is built on Sutlej river. 
Answer : False

Question : Bihar is the region of India which experience low rainfall and is drought prone. 
Answer : False

Question : Salal Dam is built on Chenab River
Answer : True

Question : Rooftop rainwater harvesting is the most common practice in Shillong and Meghalaya
Answer : True

Question : Water stored in dams does not produce electricity
Answer : False

Question : Tamil Nādu solved the problem of acute shortage of water.
Answer : True

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :

(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question : Assertion : Water is a renewable resource.
Reason : Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface run off and ground water that is continually being renewed.
Answer : (a) The total volume of world’s water is estimated to exist as oceans and only few percent occurs to be fresh water. Nearly 70 per cent of this freshwater occurs as ice sheets and glaciers in Antarctica, Greenland and the mountainous regions of the world.

Question : Assertion : The availability of water resources varies over space and time.
Reason : Availability of water resources helps in storing water.
Answer : (c) Water resources varies over space and time due to the variation in seasonal and annual precipitation however water scarcity in most cases is caused by over- exploitation and excessive use.

Question : Assertion : Dams are referred to as multi-purpose projects.
Reason : Dams are built for irrigation, electricity generation, water supply for domestic and industrial use, flood control, recreation and fish breeding.
Answer : (a) Dams were traditionally built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields. They also help in various activities. Thus, the reason justifies the assertion.

Question : Assertion : Dams are only used for generating electricity, not for irrigation.
Reason : Water stored in dam does not produce electricity.
Answer : (d) Dams are built to impound rivers and rainwater that could be used later to irrigate agricultural fields and it also helps to generate electricity and fulfills a variety of purposes at the same time. Thus, both reason and assertion are false.

Very Short Questions for Class 10 Social Science Water Resources 

 

Question : How were the ‘tankas’ beneficial to the people of Rajasthan? 

Answer :  The underground tankas were able to provide reliable sources of drinking water during summer when other sources had dried up in the state of Rajasthan. The rainwater or palar pani was considered to be purest form of water. They helped in keeping the room cool in order to manage the hot summer. 

 

Question : On the outline map of India given below, mark and label the states where the following rainwater harvesting systems are found 

i. Underground tanks or tanks for storing drinking water.

ii. Bamboo drip crop irrigation system.

iii. Diversion channels like 'Gills’ or 'Kills' for agriculture.

Answer :  i. Rajasthan (Bikaner, Phalodi and Banner districts)

ii. Meghalaya

iii. Himachal Pradesh (Kaza village)

 

 

Question : Multi-purpose projects are Temples of Modern India'. Justify. 

Answer :  Multi-purpose projects, launched after Independence with their integrated water resources management approach. Jawaharlal Nehru wanted India to be a self-reliant country and to overcome the handicap of its colonial past, he launched the multipurpose projects that not only controls flood but also useful in irrigation, power generation, fish breeding etc. These projects were considered to bring development in villages and make a modern India. It would integrate the development of agriculture and the village economy with rapid industrialisation and growth of the urban economy. The dams were an important symbol of these projects and consequently of the modernization of India.

 

Question : On the outline map of India given below, mark and label the locations of the following dams 

i. Hirakud dam

ii. Tungabhadra dam

iii. Bhakra Nangal dam

Answer :  The locations of dams are marked below

 

 

Question : In recent years, multi-purpose projects and large dams have come under great scrutiny and opposition – Why?
Answer : a) Excessive sedimentation,
b) Difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate,
c) large scale displacement of local communities,
d) Unsuccessful in control of floods at the time of excessive rain fall,
e) Induced earth quakes, caused water borne diseases and pests pollution.
f) Release of water from dams during heavy rains.

Question : Write a note on the traditional method of rain water harvesting in western Himalayas, Bengal and Rajasthan?
Answer : In hill and mountainous regions, people-built diversion channels like the ‘guls’ or ‘kuls’ of the Western Himalayas for agriculture. In the flood plains of Bengal, people developed inundation channels to irrigate their fields.
In Rajasthan - The tankas were part of the well-developed rooftop rainwater harvesting system and
were built inside the main house of the courtyard. They were connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe.

Question : The need of the hour is to conserve and manage our water resources’. Justify the statement.
Answer :  There is an urgent need to conserve and manage our water resources to
• Safeguard ourselves from health hazards
• Ensure food security.
• Continuation of our livelihoods and productive activities.
• Prevent degradation of our natural ecosystems.
• Over-exploitation and mismanagement of water resources will impoverish this resource and cause ecological crisis that may have serious impact on our lives.

Question : Explain any five main causes of water pollution.
Answer : • Industrial effluents dumped without treatment.
• Thermal Pollution-Polluted hot water is pumped into the river.
• Domestic waste, Use of washy, oily spills from the ships.
• Use of excessive fertilizers- Drip into the soil- Underground water get polluted.
• Garbage dumping near water bodies.

Question : Give five reasons responsible for water scarcity in India.
Answer : Five reasons responsible for water scarcity in India are-
(i) Population in India is growing fast. A large population means more water not only for domestic use but also to produce more food. To facilitate higher food grain production, water resources are being exploited to expand irrigated areas and dry-season agriculture.
(ii) The ever-increasing number of industries have made matters worse by exerting pressure on existing freshwater resources. Industries are heavy users of water. They also require power to run them. Much of this energy comes from hydroelectric power.
(iii) Most of the housing societies or colonies in the cities have their own groundwater pumping devices to meet their water needs. This has caused depletion of water resources in several of these cities.
(iv) The quality of water is deteriorating day by day due to domestic and industrial wastes, chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers used in agriculture. As a result, even areas with sufficient water are suffering from acute water scarcity. This scarcity is mainly due to bad quality of water.
(v) Unequal distribution and availability of water resources have also aggravated the problem. There are areas which do not get abundant rainfall while in some areas flood like situation prevails, especially during rainy season. In both the situations people face the problem of safe drinking water.

 

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Water Resources 

Question : Describe any four traditional methods of rain water harvesting adopted in different parts of India. 

Answer : Methods of rainwater harvesting used in India are:

i. Guls and Kuls: People built Guls and Kuls in hilly and mountainous regions to divert water. These are simple channels. They are mainly used in the Western Himalayas. It is a traditional irrigation system in Himachal Pradesh, where the water is released when required.

ii. Rooftop rainwater harvesting: It is the technique through which rainwater is captured from the roof catchments and stored in reservoirs. Commonly practised to store drinking water in Rajasthan.

iii. Khadins and Johads: In arid and semi-arid regions, some agricultural fields were converted into rainfed storage structures. These structures are found in Rajasthan. Johads are small earthen check dams that capture and conserve rainwater, improving percolation and groundwater recharge.

iv. Tanks: The tanks were built inside the main house or the courtyard. They were connected to the sloping roofs of the houses through a pipe. Rain falling on the rooftops would travel down the pipe and be stored in these underground 'tanks'.

The first spell of rain was usually not collected as this would dean the roofs and the pipes.

 

Question : “Water harvesting system is an effective measure to reduce the problem of water scarcity.” Justify the statement.
Answer :  Water is an essential item for human existence but it is also one of the mostmisused commodities. Through the passage of time, early societies understood the importance and need for water and planned their lives around it. Civilizations have been born and lost on account of water. Today, we have the advantage of this knowledge. Rain is the primary source of water, but we get rain only during the monsoon season in India during the months of July, August and September. Even in these three months it has been found that most areas get about 80% of the annual rain in about just 24 days. A large amount of this precious water just drains away. The only way to save this water from wastage is by rain water harvesting. In its simplest form it involves storing the rain water in tanks, or by making embankments etc. The different methods of rain water harvesting used in India have been as follows:
(a) Guls or Kuls in the Western Himalayas
(b) Rooftop rain water harvesting in Rajasthan associated with tankas .Khadins in Jaisalmer and Johads in other parts of Rajasthan were also popular.
(c) Inundation channels in West Bengal
(d) In Meghalaya which gets copious rain, rain water harvesting is commonly practiced.
(e) In modern civil construction and housing societies provision for rain water harvesting.