CBSE Class 7 Social Science Tughlaq Dynasty Notes

CBSE Class 7 Social Science - Tughlaq Dynasty. Learning the important concepts is very important for every student to get better marks in examinations. The concepts should be clear which will help in faster learning. The attached concepts made as per NCERT and CBSE pattern will help the student to understand the chapter and score better marks in the examinations.

TUGHLAQ DYSANTY:1321-1411

In 1321, Khursu Khan was killed and Ghazi Malik, then the governor of Dipalpur, ascended the throne of the Delhi Sultanate. He took the title of Ghiyas-ud- din Tughlaq and founded the Tughlaq Dynasty.

Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq: Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq built the city of Tughlaqabad outside Delhi. He successfully defended the Sultanate against the Mongols.He conquered many areas including the eastern part of Bengal. He died in 1325 while returning from a successful military campaign against Bengal.Muhammad bin- Tughlaq: The son and successor of Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq. Muhammad bin- Tughlaq was a competent, and knowledgeable person. But due to some of his decision, he became unpopular with his subjects. One of these was his decision to shift his capital from Delhi to Daulatabad in the present day Andhra Pradesh. His decision to increase taxes in the fertile Doab region also met with failure. He died in 1351. (Read case study from the book)

Firoz Shah Tughlaq: Firoz Shah Tughlaq was the successor of Muhammad bin- Tughlaq. He made sure that people in his kingdom were happy.However he wasnot a strong military leader and unable to defend the Sultanate against external attacks. Firoz Shah died in1388. Though the Tughlaq dynasty lasted for another 26 years,none of the successors of firoz was able to prevent the collapse of the Sultanate. Timur’s Invasion and Sayyid Dynasty: In 1398,Timur, the ruler of Balkh in Central Asia, invaded India and attacked Delhi. His soldiers looted the city for many days, killed thousands of people and then went back to Central Asia. While leaving Delhi, Timur appointed Khizr Khan Sayyid, the governor of Multan, Lahore and Dipalpur ,as his deputy in India.In 1414 Khizr Khan conquered Delhi from its weak Tughlaq ruler and founded the Sayyid Dynasty.

Khizr was succeeded by three rulers in succession-

1. Mubarak Shah

2. Muhammad Shah Sayyid

3. Ala-ud-din Alam Shah

Mubarak Shah was capable but the nobles in his court were against his policies. The last two Sayyid rulers were weak and incompetent. In 1451, an Afghan chief Bahlul lodi defeated Alaud- din Alam Shah and founded the fifth and last dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate,the Lodi Dynasty.

LODI DYNASTY: There were three main rulers in this Dynasty starting from its founder Bahlul Khan Lodi, was the first Afghan ruler in Delhi. His territory was spread across Jaunpur, Gwalior and northern Uttar Padesh.

Sikander Lodi: After Bahlul Lodi’s death, his second son succeeded him as the King. He was given the title of Sultan Sikander Shah.

Ibrahim Lodi:Ibrahim Lodi was the son and successor of Sikander Lodi. Before ascending the throne, he fought a war with his own brother Jalal Khan. In that Jalal was killed. When Ibrahim Lodi: became the sultan of Delhi in 1517CE, he punished nobles ruthlessly, who supported Jalal.

Due to his attitude he became un popular. It divided the Afghan into different groups and weakened the Sultanate. Thus, Zahir ud-din Babur, the ruler of Farghana in Central Asia got the opportunity to invade Delhi.

In 1526, a fierce battle took place between the forces of Babur and Ibrahim Lodi. In that which is known as the First Battle of Panipat. Ibrahim Lodi was killed .Thus the rule of Delhi sultans came to an end. Babur founded a new dynasty in India, called the Mughal Dynasty.

Note:

1. Read the chapter thoroughly.

2. Do questions at the back of the chapter.(part E,F and G)

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