CBSE Class 7 Social Science Natural Vegetation And Wildlife Notes

Natural Vegetation and Wildlife

Q1. How do you define natural vegetation?

Ans. The vegetation that grows on its own without any reference of human beings is called natural vegetation.

Q2. List the factors that influence the growth of natural vegetation.

Ans. The factors that influence the growth of natural vegetation are:

1. Height of land.

2. Temperature and moisture.

3. Slope and thickness of soil.

The type and thickness of vegetation varied from place to place because of variation of these factors.

Q3. Into how many categories can the natural vegetation be classified? Explain the categories in brief.

Ans. Natural vegetation is generally classified in to three broad categories as follows:

1. Forests: Which grow where temperature and rainfall are plentiful to support a tree cover.

2. Grasslands: Which grow in the region of moderate rain.

3. Shrubs: Thorny shrubs are scrubs grow in the dry region.

Q4. What are the different types of forests found on Earth?

Ans. Following are the different types of forests found on Earth:

1. Tropical evergreen forests.

2. Tropical deciduous forests.

3. Temperate evergreen forests.

4. Temperate deciduous forests.

5. Mediterranean forest.

6. Coniferous forest.

Q5. Name the different types of grasslands found on Earth?

Ans. Two types of grasslands found on Earth are:

1. Tropical grasslands

2. Temperate grasslands

Q6. What is the other name of tropical evergreen forests?

Ans. Tropical rain forests.

Q7. What is the other name of Tropical deciduous forests?

Ans. Monsoon Forests.

Q8. How are Mediterranean Forests known to the world?

Ans. They are known as the ‘orchards of the world’ for their fruit cultivation.

Q9. Which vegetation in known as Taiga Vegetation?

Ans. Coniferous vegetation is known as Taiga vegetation.

Q10. Why is the vegetation in tropical desert scare?

Ans. Tropical deserts are located in the western margins of the continents. The vegetation cover is scarce here because of scanty rain and scorching heat.

Q11. What are the characteristics of Tropical Evergreen forests?

Ans. Following are the characteristics of Tropical Evergreen forests:

1. These thick forests occur in the regions near the equator and close to the tropics.

2. These regions are hot and receive heavy rainfall throughout the year.

3. As there is no particular dry season, the trees do not shed their leaves altogether. This is the reason they are called evergreen.

4. The thick canopies of the closely spaced trees do not allow the sunlight to penetrate inside the forest even in the day time.

Q12. Which forests are commonly found in tropical evergreen forests?

Ans. Hardwood trees like rosewood, ebony, mahogany are common here.

Q13. Why do trees in tropical deciduous shed their leaves in climatic dry season?

Ans. These regions experience seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to conserve water.

Q14. Which trees are commonly found in Tropical deciduous forests? How are these trees useful to us?

Ans. Hardwood trees found in these forests are teak, sal, neem and sheesham. These hardwood trees are extremely useful for making furniture, transport and constructional materials.

Q15. In which parts of the world are the Temperate Evergreen forests found?

Ans. These forests are located in mid-latitudinal coastal regions. They are commonly found along the eastern margins of the continents.

Q16. In which forests do we find both softwood and hardwood trees?

Ans. Temperate Evergreen forests.

Q17. Name any two animals found in temperate deciduous forests?

Ans. Deer, Foxes.

Q18. Name any three countries in which temperate deciduous forests are found.

Ans. China, New Zealand and Chile.

Q19. Which vegetation is famous for its citrus fruits cultivation?

Ans. Mediterranean vegetation is famous for citrus fruit cultivation. Here fruits like figs, olives, grapes and oranges are grown.

Q20. What type of climatic conditions is found in Mediterranean forests?

Ans. These regions are marked for hot dry summers and mild rainy winters.

Q21. How do Mediterranean trees survive in dry summer?

Ans. Mediterranean trees adapt themselves to dry summers with the help of thick barks and wax coated leaves which help them to reduce the water loss by the process of transpiration.

Q22. Which type of vegetation is found in the higher altitudes of the Northern Hemisphere?

Ans. Coniferous forests.

Q23. What are the features of Coniferous forests?

Ans. Following are the features of Coniferous forests:

1. These trees are tall and conical.

2. The leaves are generally needle like.

3. These trees are softwood trees.

Q24. How are coniferous trees useful to us?

Ans. Coniferous trees are very useful for making pulp, which is used for manufacturing paper and newsprint, match boxes and packing boxes are also made from this softwood.

Q25. Name any three common trees and common animals found in the coniferous forests.

Ans. Common Trees: Chir, Pine and Cedar.

       Common Animals: Silver fox, mink and polar bear.

Q26. What are the characteristics of Tropical grasslands?

Ans. Following are the characteristics of Tropical grasslands:

1. These grow on either side of the equator and extend till the tropics.

2. This vegetation grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfa

3. They can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 meters in heigh

4. Elephants, zebras, giraffes, deer, leapords are common in tropical grasslands.

Q27. Give any one example of Tropical Grasslands.

Ans. Savannah Grasslands of Africa.

Q28. What are the characteristics of Temperate Grasslands?

Ans. Following are the characteristics of Temperate Grasslands:

1. These are found in the mid-latitudinal zones in the interior part of the continents.

2. Usually grass here is short and nutritious.

3. Wild buffaloes, bison, antelopes are common in the temperate region.

Q29. Give an example of Temperate Grasslands.

Ans. Velds of South Africa.

Q30. In which climatic conditions are thorny bushes found?

Ans. Thorny bushes are found in the dry desert like regions which receive scanty rainfall and experience scorching heat.

Q31. Write a short note on Tundra type of vegetation.

Ans. Tundra type of vegetation:

1. It is found in Polar Regions where the climate is extremely cold.

2. The growth of natural vegetation is very limited.

3. This vegetation grows only during the very short summer.

4. Only mosses, lichens and very small shrubs are found here.

Q32. Why do animals in Polar Regions have thick fur?

Ans. The animals have thick fur and thick skin to protect themselves from the cold climatic conditions. Seal, walruses, musk-oxen, Arctic owl, Polar bear and snow foxes are some of the animals found here.

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