CBSE Class 12 English Core Question Paper 2013 Outside Delhi Set 02

CBSE Class 12 English Core Outside Delhi Question Paper 2013 (2). Students can download the last year question papers using the link below. Free download of examination question papers with solutions.Last 10 year question papers should be practised to get better marks in examinations. 

SECTION A

(READING)

A1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow :

1 Smoking is the major cause of mortality with bronchogenic carcinoma of the lung and is one of the factors causing death due to malignancies of larynx, oral cavity, oesophagus, bladder, kidney, pancreas, stomach and uterine cervix and coronary heart diseases.

2 Nicotine is the major substance present in the smoke that causes physical dependence. The additives do produce damage to the body — for example, ammonia can result in a 100-fold increase in the ability of nicotine to enter into the smoke.

3 Levulinic acid, added to cigarettes to mask the harsh taste of the nicotine, can increase the binding of nicotine to brain receptors, which increases the ‘kick’ of nicotine.

4 Smoke from the burning end of a cigarette contains over 4000 chemicals and 40 carcinogens. It has long been known that tobacco smoke is carcinogenic or cancer-causing.

5 The lungs of smokers collect an annual deposit of 1 to  pounds of the gooey black material. Invisible gas phase of cigarette smoke contains nitrogen, oxygen and toxic gases like carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, acrolein, hydrogen cyanide and nitrogen oxides. These gases are poisonous and in many cases interfere with the body’s ability to transport oxygen.

6 Like many carcinogenic compounds, they can act as tumour promoters or tumour initiators by acting directly on the genetic make-up of cells of the body leading to development of cancer.

7 During smoking, within the first 8-10 seconds, nicotine is absorbed through the lungs and quickly ‘moved’ into the bloodstream and circulated throughout the brain. Nicotine can also enter the bloodstream through the mucous membranes that line the mouth (if tobacco is chewed) or nose (if snuff is used) and even through the skin. Our brain is made up of billions of nerve cells. They communicate with each other by chemical messengers called neurotransmitters.

8 Nicotine is one of the most powerful nerve poisons and binds stereo-selectively to nicotinic receptors located in the brain, autonomic ganglia, the medulla, neuro-muscular junctions. Located throughout the brain, they play a critical role in cognitive processes and memory.

9 The nicotine molecule is shaped like a neurotransmitter called acetylcholine which are involved in many functions including muscle movement, breathing, heart-rate, learning and memory. Nicotine, because of the similar structure with acetylcholine when it gets into the brain, attaches itself to acetylcholine sites and produces toxic effect.

10 In high concentrations, nicotine is more deadly. In fact one drop of purified nicotine on the tongue will kill a person. It has been used as a pesticide for centuries.

(a) (i) How is smoking the major cause of mortality ? 

(ii) What in a cigarette makes the people addicted to it ? 

(iii) What are neurotransmitters ? 

(iv) How does nicotine produce toxic effect ? 

(v) According to the experts, how is smoking linked to memory ? 

(b) Find words from the above passage which mean the same as : 

(i) death (para 1)

(ii) energy/force (para 11)

(iii) endurance (para 13)

Please click the link below to download pdf file of CBSE Class 12 English Core Outside Delhi Question Paper 2013 (2).