CBSE Class 7 Science Weather Climate And Adaptations Worksheet

ACTIVITY- 7.1 : Collect weather data of your city or nearby city for one week.

Question 1- Name the instrument used to measure relative humidity.
Answer- Dry or wet bulb thermometer or hygrometer.

Question 2- Which instrument is used for measuring rainfall?
Answer- Rain gauge.

Question 3- Name the source you used to collect weather reports.
Answer- We can collect data from newspaper and weather observatory for weather reports.

EXERCISE

1- Fill In The Blanks.

(i) Weather of a place may change during a day.
(ii) The areas of earth near North Pole and South Pole are called Polar Regions.
(iii) The amount of water vapours present in air is called humidity.
(iv) Antarctica is the coldest desert on Earth.
(v) Indian hot desert or Thar desert spread over states of Rajasthan and Gujarat.

2- State True Or False.

(i) Reindeer is the main animal of tropical forest. (False)
(ii) Weather and climate both terms have same meaning. (False)
(iii) Camel stores fat in its hump which is consumed during the days it does not get food. (True)
(iv) Whale is the largest animal. (True)

3- Match The Column ‘A’ With Column ‘B’.
Column A                                                                                  Column B
(i) It insulate its body and keep the polar beer warm                   (a) Sea breeze
(ii) This instrument is used to measure humidity in air                 (b) Hot and dry
(iii) Imaginary lines on the Earth parallel to the equator               (c) Fat layer under the skin
(iv) Cool air that blows during the day towards coastal area         (d) Dry and wet bulb thermometer
(v) The climate of Rajasthan is                                                   (e) Latitude

4- Choose The Correct Answer.

Question. Weather of a place is affected by:
a) Wind
b) Temperature
c) Humidity
d) All of these
Ans.d) All of these

Question. Climate of coastal areas is:
a) Hot and dry
b) Moderate 
c) Cold and dry
d) Extreme cold
Ans.b) Moderate 

Question. Coldest desert in India is:
a) Arabian desert
b) Sahara desert
c) Thar desert
d) Ladakh 
Ans.d) Ladakh 

Question. Arctic region lies at:
a) 23º N
b) 23º S
c) 0º
d) 85º N to 90º N
Ans.d) 85º N to 90º N 

5- Very Short Answer Type Questions.

Question. Name any two factors that affect the weather of a place.
Answer- Humidity and temperature.

Question. Define climate.
Answer- The average conditions of humidity, rainfall, snowfall and temperature of a place over a span of 25-30 years is called climate.

Question. What is and dune?
Answer- A sand dune is a landform composed of wind driven dry sand in the form of a mould or ridge.

Question. What is a polar region?
Answer- The areas around the Poles (north and south) in 5º latitude is known as polar region.

6- Short Answer Type Questions.

Question. How does sea breeze occur?
Answer- During the day time land becomes hotter than water. The air near the land rises up as it is hot and light. So cold air over the sea moves towards land, this is known as sea breeze.

Question. Write three adaptations found in aquatic animals.
Answer- (1) Streamlined body helps them in swimming.
(2) Presence of gills to take oxygen from water.
(3) Presence of fins help in swimming.

Question. What is green house effect?
Answer- Gases in air, like carbon dioxide absorb heat from sunlight to increase temperature of atmosphere.
This effect is known as green house effect.

Question. Write two effects of climate change.
Answer- (1) Due to climate change green house effect is increasing which causes global warming.
(2) Many glaciers are melting which is threat to polar life and coastal cities.

7- Long Answer Type Questions.

Question. How is camel adapted to survive in hot desert? Explain.
Answer- Camel has following adaptations to survive in deserts:
(1) Its colour is brown like sand dunes.
(2) Its feet are flat and spongy to walk on sand.
(3) Its nose is covered with nasal flaps so that sand may not enter nose.
(4) It drinks a lot of water when available. This water spreads in the body tissue. This helps camel to survive without water for many days.
(5) It store fat in the hump. This fat is consumed when food is not available.
(6) It excretes very little water.
(7) Its legs are long to leap high above hot sand.

Question. Name various factors that affect the climate of a place. Explain any two of them.
Answer- Climate is affected by following factors:
(1) Distance from sea, (2) Altitude, (3) Latitude and (4) Direction of mountains.

Altitude- Altitude refers height from the sea level. Temperature is higher near the surface of earth and decreases as we go upward.
Latitude- Latitude refers to distance from the equator. The climate near equator is hot and humid throughout the year. With the increase in latitude, the climate keeps on getting colder.

Question. Write various adaptations found in polar beer.
Answer- Polar beer has following adaptations:
(1) Its fur is white to disguise in snow covered areas.
(2) Long fur saves it from extreme cold of surroundings.
(3) A layer of fats deposited under the skin helps it keep warm.
(4) Its feet are designed to run on snow.

More Question

Fill in the blanks:

1. ______________ is the measure of moisture in air.

2. The weather reports are prepared by the ___________ department of the government.

3. The day today condition of the atmosphere is a place is called ____________ at that place.

4. The maximum temperature of the day occurs in the ___________ while minimum temperature occurs in the ______________.

5. Polar regions are situated near ___________ and tropical region is situated around the _______________.

6. Special features of an animal to live in its surrounding is called _______________

7. Penguins are good swimmer because their bodies are___________ and their feet have __________________.

8. All the changes in the weather are driven by the ______________

9. One of the important feature of tropical region is __________

10. The ___________ regions are very cold throughout the year.

11. The temperature, humidity, rainfall and other factors are called _____________________ of the weather.

12. The typical desert climate is ___________ and _____________.

13. The climate of the north-east of India is __________________

14. _____________ is a means which is adapted by some birds to escape the harsh, cold conditions.

Name the following

1. An instrument used to measure rainfall.

2. The thermometer used to record maximum and minimum temperature.

3. Two animals living in polar regions.

4. Two animals living in tropical regions.

5. Two animals with ability to camouflage with the surroundings.

Choose the correct answer :

1. Long tailed macaque is also known as (Beard ape / Monkey)

2. (Weather / Climate) changes frequently.

3. Tusks of elephants are modified (teeth/bones)

Write true or false :

1. Mammals, many types of fish and insects are also known to migrate seasonally. ________

2. Polar regions doesn’t see the sun for six months. _____________

3. Days are longer than nights in winter. ___________

Define the following :

• Weather

• Climate

• Adaptation. 

Q1. What are the elements of weather?

Q2. What do you understand by the climate of the place?

Q3. How are all changes in the weather caused?

Q4. Why does the tropical region have a hot climate?

Q5. Where does the lion tailed macaque live?

Q6. What do you mean by adaptations?

Q7. Why are the animals in the tropical rainforests adapted?

Q8. What properties do make polar bears and penguins good swimmers?

Q9. By which body part, elephant can tear the bark of trees that it loves to eat?

Q10. What do you understand by weather of the place?

Q11. What are migratory birds?

Q12. What is the function of sticky pads in red eyed frog?

Q13. How do tropical rainforests support wide variety of plants and animals?

Q14. Give reasons;-

a. Polar bears have 2 thick layers of fur.

b. Penguins have a thick skin and a lot of fats.

c. Polar bears are white in color.

d. Penguins can’t fly but still have streamlined body.

Q15. The tropical rainforests have a large population of animals. Explain why it is so.

Q16. How do elephants living in the tropical rainforest adapt themselves?

Q17. Why do birds migrate during winters?

Q18. Define habitat.

Q19. Write three main differences between weather and climate.

Q20. What do you mean by migration? Give one example.

Q21. Explain, with examples, why we find animals of certain kind living in

particular climatic conditions.

Q22. Write the differences between Polar Regions and tropical rainforests.

Ch9 Weather, Climate and Adaptation

Oral Question/Answers-

Question 1: In which part of the earth can you expect to find animals with small ears, tails and legs–in a cold place or in a warm place? Give reasons.
Answer : Animals with small legs, tails and ears are expected to be found in a cold place. This is because parts of body such as tails, leg and ears lose heat gradually and smaller legs, tails and ears prevent excessive heat loss from the body. This ensures that the organism survives in the cold temperatures.

Question 2: You must have seen dogs panting. Is panting used to cool or warm the body?
Answer : Panting is used to cool down the body. It helps in circulating air through the body, which cools down the body temperature.

Question 3: An elephant lives in a rainforest. How is the trunk of an elephant useful in the rainforest?
Answer : The trunk of an elephant allows an elephant to gather food. An elephant uses its trunk to gather leaves and fruits present on the trees.

Question 4: The fur of a polar bear helps it in two ways. What are these?
Answer : The fur helps a polar bear in the following ways:
1. The fur acts as an insulator and prevents heat loss from the body of polar bear.
2. The fur also helps polar bear in camouflaging. The white colour of fur helps the polar bear helps it to blend with the surrroundings to avoid predators and catch prey.

Short Question/Answers-

Question 1: Name four elements of weather.
Answer : The four elements of weather are temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind.

Question 2: Why is it very difficult to predict the weather?
Answer : Weather is affected by many factors and therefore very difficult to predict.

Question 3: Give an example to show how winds affect the weather.
Answer : Delhi becomes very hot during summers as the wind blows from the hot desert of Rajasthan towards Delhi.

Question 4: How does 'huddling' help penguins?
Answer : Huddling helps penguins to keep themselves warm.

Question 5: In general, what kind of climate do place near the sea have?
Answer : Places near the sea generally have a moderate climate; that is, neither very cold nor very hot.

Question 6: A polar bear has to move slowly, otherwise its body will get overheated. Why?
Answer : The polar bear has to move slowly; otherwise, its body will get overheated, because they have two thick layers of fur, as well as a layer of fat, under the skin which provide excellent insulation, and more physical activity can overheat their body 

Q.1. FILL IN THE BLANKS.

a) The large ………… of elephants help them radiate heat.

b) Tigers can retract their ……….

c) The trunk of an elephant is a modification of the ……………..

d) The amount of rainfall place gets depends on …………….

Q.2. MATCH THE FOLLOWING

a) Aestivation – Conical trees.

b) Cool Temperate – Tortoise.

c) Tropical Climate – Wind Ward Side.

d) Mumbai – Deciduous Trees.

Q.3. DRAW DIAGRAMS OF THE FOLLOWING

a) Rain Guage.

b) Climatic Zones

Q.4. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

a) What is Hibernation?

b) What is Frigid Zone?

c) What do you understand by the term weather?

d) What do you understand by the maximum & minimum thermometer?

Question 1. Name the department which collects the data of weather report.
Answer: The Meteorological Department of the government gathers this information. They record temperature, rainfall, and wind speed every day to prepare weather forecasts.
In simple words: The Meteorological Department collects daily facts about the air and rain to make weather reports.

Exam Tip: Always write the full name "Meteorological Department" correctly to secure full marks.

Question 2. Compare the weather and climate of a place.
Answer: Weather describes the daily state of the atmosphere at a specific location. It includes factors like temperature, humidity, and rain, and it can change within hours. Climate, however, is the typical weather pattern recorded over a long period, usually 25 years. Unlike weather, climate remains stable and does not shift quickly.
In simple words: Weather changes from hour to hour, but climate is the average weather seen over many years.

Exam Tip: Differentiate clearly between short-term daily changes (weather) and long-term averages over roughly 25 years (climate).

Question 3. List out a few adaptations which help the prey to keep away from predators.
Answer: Prey animals use several body features to stay safe from hunters:
1. Sharp hearing: Large ears detect faint sounds made by moving hunters.
2. Eyes on the sides of the head: This placement lets them look in all directions for danger.
3. Fast running speed: Powerful legs help them sprint away quickly.
4. Camouflage: Skin colors match the surroundings to help them hide.
In simple words: Prey hide with body colors, listen with sharp ears, and run fast to escape danger.

Exam Tip: Mention at least three distinct points such as side-facing eyes, sensitive hearing, and rapid movement.

Question 4. Why do Mumbai and Delhi experience different climate?
Answer: Mumbai lies along the coast of the Arabian Sea. The nearby water body moderates its temperature, giving it a warm, humid climate with mild winters. In contrast, Delhi is located far inland, away from the sea. Because of this distance, Delhi has an extreme climate with very hot summers and chilly winters.
In simple words: Mumbai is near the ocean, so it stays mild and humid. Delhi is inland, so it gets very hot and very cold.

Exam Tip: Contrast Mumbai's coastal location (moderate and humid) with Delhi's inland position (continental or extreme climate).

Question 5. Name some arboreal animals of tropical rain forest.
Answer: Arboreal animals spend most of their lives up in the trees. Examples found in tropical rainforests include:
1. Red-eyed tree frog
2. Monkey
3. Lion-tailed macaque
4. Toucan
In simple words: Animals like tree frogs, monkeys, and toucans live up in the rainforest trees.

Exam Tip: Giving textbook examples like the red-eyed tree frog and lion-tailed macaque ensures maximum marks.

Question 6. Define the term migration. Why do we call the Siberian cranes as migratory birds?
Answer: Migration is the seasonal travel of animals and birds to escape harsh weather, search for food, or breed. Siberian cranes live in Siberia, where winter brings freezing cold and buries food under snow. To survive, they fly thousands of kilometers to warmer places like Bharatpur in India. When winter ends, they fly back to Siberia. Because they take this long seasonal journey every year, they are called migratory birds.
In simple words: Migration means moving to a warmer place for winter. Siberian cranes fly to India every year to escape freezing cold.

Exam Tip: Provide both parts: the general definition of seasonal travel and the specific reason why Siberian cranes fly to India.

Question 7. Write the adaptations of polar bear to live in polar regions.
Answer: Polar bears survive the arctic freeze through several special traits:
1. Thick blubber layer: A fat layer under the skin keeps body heat inside.
2. Two layers of thick fur: These layers trap warm air close to the skin.
3. Wide, flat paws: Large paws help them walk on soft snow and swim easily.
4. Sharp sense of smell: It helps them find prey under the ice.
5. Curved, strong claws: These give a firm grip on slippery ice surfaces.
In simple words: Polar bears stay warm using thick fur and body fat, while broad paws help them walk on snow.

Exam Tip: Point out the layer of fat (blubber), double-layered fur, broad paws, and keen smell as the key survival traits.

Question 8. Write two adaptations seen in penguin to survive the severe cold climatic conditions.
Answer: Two main survival features in penguins are:
1. Thick skin with a dense layer of fat: This fatty tissue under their skin blocks the freezing cold.
2. Huddling together in large groups: Standing tightly packed keeps the birds warm and shields them from chilly winds.
In simple words: Penguins keep warm with thick body fat and by crowding together in big groups.

Exam Tip: Examiners look specifically for the fat layer under the skin and the behavioral adaptation of "huddling together".

Question 9. The tropical bird Toucan possess a long large beak. Give reason.
Answer: The toucan uses its long, oversized beak to grab fruits growing on weak branches. These fragile twigs cannot hold the bird's body weight. The long reach lets the toucan feed safely without landing on branches that might break.
In simple words: The big beak helps the toucan reach fruit on thin twigs that cannot bear its weight.

Exam Tip: State clearly that the beak allows the bird to reach fruits on branches that are too weak to support its weight.

Question 10. Write four functions of the trunk of an elephant.
Answer: Four key uses of an elephant's trunk are:
1. Breathing: The trunk serves as a nose with nostrils at the tip.
2. Smelling: It gives the animal a very powerful sense of smell.
3. Grasping food: It works like a hand to break branches and lift food into the mouth.
4. Drinking and spraying water: The trunk draws up water to drink or shower over the back.
In simple words: An elephant uses its trunk to breathe, smell, grab food, and splash water.

Exam Tip: Number each function separately: breathing, smelling, grasping food, and drinking/showering.

Question 11. The polar bear has white fur. Give reason.
Answer: White fur blends in with the snowy background. This coloring hides the polar bear from predators. It also allows the bear to sneak up on prey, such as seals, without being spotted.
In simple words: The white fur hides the bear in the snow so its prey cannot see it coming.

Exam Tip: Mention the term "camouflage" or explain blending with the snowy background to hunt prey successfully.