CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Management of Sporting Events Assignment Set 01

Question. Which of the following is a function of sports event management?
(a) Organising
(b) Directing
(c) Staffing
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. The Reception Committee for a tournament is responsible for ............. .
(a) welcoming the participants
(b) arranging accommodation and meals for the participants
(c) proper upkeep of the venues
(d) welcoming the Chief Guest and spectators at the opening and closing ceremonies
Answer: (d) welcoming the Chief Guest and spectators at the opening and closing ceremonies

Question. The Boarding and Lodging Committee for a tournament arranges ........... .
(a) the making of the budget for boarding and lodging
(b) meals, refreshment and stay of the Chief Guest
(c) accommodation and meals for the participants
(d) refreshments for the participants and officials
Answer: (c) accommodation and meals for the participants

Question. Which of the following procedures is not used for drawing up fixtures for a knockout tournament?
(a) Bye
(b) Staircase
(c) Special seeding
(d) Seeding
Answer: (b) Staircase

Question. In a double league tournament such as the IPL, a total of how many matches are played during the league phase if 7 teams participate?
(a) 42
(b) 45
(c) 54
(d) 58
Answer: (a) 42

Question. In a single knockout tournament, how many byes need to be given if 17 teams are participating?
(a) 17
(b) 16
(c) 15
(d) 14
Answer: (c) 15

1 Mark Questions (VSA)

Question. What is planning in games and sports? or What do you mean by 'Planning in Sports'? CBSE 2019, CBSE (C) 2018
Answer: Planning in sports is required because there is a definite time frame for achieving the objectives and the results are also known very clearly and in definite terms. Thus, planning is necessary in sports for management of tournaments, formation of different committees for sports events, organisation of intramural and extramural activities, planning various types of fixtures in sports tournaments, ensuring wide participation etc.

Question. What do you mean by fixture? CBSE 2018
Answer: Fixture is the process of arranging the teams in systematic order in various groups for competition in a physical activity. In other words, it is the setup of various teams for competitive matches where they play in a systematic order as per the fixture schedule. The success of a tournament depends upon planning of suitable fixtures.

Question. What is bye? All India 2016, 2014
Answer: Bye is a privilege given to a team which is decided generally by seeding it or by draw of lots.

Question. Write formula for giving bye. All India 2016
Answer: Formula for giving bye = Next higher power of 2 – No. of Teams
Upper Half = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} \), Lower Half = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} \)
where Nb = total number of byes

Question. Explain procedure for giving bye. CBSE 2013, 2012
Answer: Byes can be applied equally to single person competitions and team sports as well as to single game eliminations and best of series eliminations. If the number of competitors or competing teams are not a multiple of 2 then some teams may get 'bye'.

Question. What is seeding? CBSE 2013, 2011
Answer: Seeding is a procedure by which good teams are placed in fixtures in such a way that stronger teams do not meet each other at the very start of a tournament. In seeding, the strong teams are selected to keep them at appropriate places in the fixtures so that they should not meet in the earlier rounds.

Question. Mention any two responsibilities of the post-meet committees.
Answer: The responsibilities of post-meet committees are as follows-
(i) To check that the outstanding bills are paid.
(ii) To release press and media news related to the event.

Question. What does the school intend by stating that, "only such students shall participate in the Basketball Intramurals who have not represented the school in Basketball in the past and minimum 10 substitutions shall be compulsory?"
Answer: The school's intention is to promote mass participation and to explore the hidden talent of the students.

3 Marks Questions

Question. Write the name of various committees. All India 2016
Answer: Arrangement Committee, Technical Committee, Discipline Committee, Reception Committee, Boarding and Lodging Committees, Certificate Writing Committee, Medical Committee, Announcement Committee, Recorders and Bulletin Board Committee.

Question. What do you mean by knock-out tournament? Draw the fixture of 21 teams on knock-out basis. CBSE 2016, 2014, 2013
Answer: In knock-out tournament, the team which is defeated once gets eliminated immediately and will not be given another chance to play. The total number of matches to be played in this tournament will be equal to the number of teams participating minus one \( (N-1) \), e.g. if 21 teams are participating, the total number of matches will be \( 21 - 1 = 20 \).
Number of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{21+1}{2} = 11 \)
Number of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{21-1}{2} = 10 \)
Total number of byes = Next higher power of two – total teams = \( 32 - 21 = 11 \) byes

Fixture of 21 teams on knock-out basis:

Upper Half
1. A (Bye) ────┐ (Round 2)
               ├─────┐ (Round 3)
2. B ──┐       │     │
       ├───────┘     ├───────────┐ (Round 4)
3. F ──┘             │           │
                     │           ├─────┐
4. M ──┐             │           │     │
       ├───────┐     │           │     │
5. N ──┘       ├─────┘           │     │
6. C (Bye) ────┘                 │     │
                                 ├─────┐
7. K (Bye) ────┐                 │     │
               ├─────┐           │     │
8. I ──┐       │     ├───────────┘     │
       ├───────┘     │                 │
9. J ──┘             │                 ├───── K is winner of
                     ├───────────┐     │     the tournament
10. Z (Bye) ───┐     │           │     │
               ├─────┘           │     │
11. D (Bye) ───┘                 │     │
                                 ├─────┘
Lower Half                       │
12. Q (Bye) ───┐                 │
               ├─────┐           │
13. R (Bye) ───┘     ├───────────┘
                     │
14. Y ──┐            │
        ├──────┐     │
15. T ──┘      ├─────┘
16. E (Bye) ───┘
                     ┌───────────┐
17. S (Bye) ───┐     │           │
               ├─────┘           ├─────┘
18. G ──┐      │                 │
        ├──────┘                 │
19. O ──┘                        │
                                 ├─────┘
20. H (Bye) ───┐                 │
               ├─────────────────┘
21. P (Bye) ───┘

Question. Draw a fixture of 11 Football teams participating in a tournament on the basis of knock-out. All India 2016
Answer: Total number of teams = 11
Upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{11+1}{2} = 6 \)
Lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{11-1}{2} = 5 \)
No. of Byes = Next power of two - total teams = \( 16 - 11 = 5 \)
No. of Byes in Lower Half = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} = \frac{5+1}{2} = 3 \)
No. of Byes in Upper Half = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} = \frac{5-1}{2} = 2 \)

Fixture:

       I R     II R    III R    IV R
Upper Half
1      Bye ─────┐
                ├───────┐
2 ──────────────┘       │
                        ├──────────┐
3 ──────────────┐       │          │
                ├───────┘          │
4 ──────────────┘                  │
                                   ├───── Winner
5 ──────────────┐                  │
                ├───────┐          │
6      Bye ─────┘       │          │
                        ├──────────┘
Lower Half              │
7      Bye ─────┐       │
                ├───────┘
8 ──────────────┘
9 ──────────────┐
                ├───────┐
10     Bye ─────┘       │
                        ├──────────┘
11     Bye ─────┐       │
                ├───────┘
12     Bye ─────┘

Question. Draw the fixture of 7 teams on knock-out basis.
Answer: Total number of matches = \( N-1 = 7-1 = 6 \)
Number of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{7+1}{2} = 4 \text{ teams} \)
Number of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{7-1}{2} = 3 \text{ teams} \)
Total number of byes = Next higher power of two – Total teams = \( 8-7 = 1 \text{ bye} \)

Fixture:

Upper Half
1 ──┐
    ├──────┐
2 ──┘      │
           ├──────┐
3 ──┐      │      │
    ├──────┘      │
4 ──┘             ├───── Winner
                  │
Lower Half        │
5 ──┐             │
    ├──────┐      │
6 ──┘      ├──────┘
7 (Bye) ───┘

Question. Explain the staircase method of a league tournament for 7 teams.
Answer: In staircase method, fixtures are made similar to a ladder or staircase. This method is the easiest method because no bye is given to any team and there is no need of the stipulation of odd or even number of teams.

Fixture:

1-2
1-3   2-3
1-4   2-4   3-4
1-5   2-5   3-5   4-5
1-6   2-6   3-6   4-6   5-6
1-7   2-7   3-7   4-7   5-7   6-7

Total matches = \( \frac{N(N-1)}{2} = \frac{7(7-1)}{2} = \frac{7 \times 6}{2} = \frac{42}{2} = 21 \text{ matches} \)

Question. Explain cyclic method of league tournament for 4 teams.
Answer: In this method, one team is kept fixed and the other teams are moved clockwise. When the number of teams is even, no bye is given, but if the number of teams is odd, one bye is given in each round.

Round I

Team 1 ── Team 2
  ▲         │
  │         ▼
Team 3 ── Team 4

Round II

Team 1 ── Team 3
  ▲         │
  │         ▼
Team 4 ── Team 2

Round III

Team 1 ── Team 4
  ▲         │
  │         ▼
Team 2 ── Team 3

Total matches = \( \frac{N(N-1)}{2} = \frac{4(4-1)}{2} = \frac{4 \times 3}{2} = \frac{12}{2} = 6 \text{ matches} \) (2 matches in each round) in which team 1 is fixed.

5 Marks Questions

Question. Mention all calculations and steps involved to draw a Knock-out fixture of 19 teams, where 4 teams are to be seeded. CBSE 2018
Answer: Knock-out or Elimination Tournaments (also called an Olympic System Tournament) is a type of elimination tournament where the loser of each bracket is immediately eliminated from the tournament.

A fixture of 19 teams on knock-out basis is as follows:

Upper Half
1. Bye ───┐ (Round 2)
          ├──────┐ (Round 3)
2. Bye ───┘      │
                 ├──────┐
3. Bye ───┐      │      │
          ├──────┘      │
4 ──┐     │             │ (Round 4)
    ├─────┘             ├──────┐
5 ──┘                   │      │
6 ──┐                   │      │
    ├─────┐             │      │
7 ──┘     ├──────┐      │      │
          │      ├──────┘      │
8. Bye ───┘      │             │
                 ├──────┘      │
9. Bye ───┐      │             │
          ├──────┘             │
10. Bye ──┘                    ├───── Winner
Lower Half                     │
11. Bye ──┐                    │
          ├──────┐             │
12. Bye ──┘      │             │
                 ├──────┐      │
13. Bye ──┐      │      │      │
          ├──────┘      │      │
14 ──┐    │             ├──────┘
     ├────┘             │
15 ──┘                  │
16. Bye ──┐             │
          ├──────┐      │
17. Bye ──┘      │      │
                 ├──────┘
18. Bye ──┐      │
          ├──────┘
19. Bye ──┘

Total no. of teams = 19
Total no. of matches = \( 27 - 1 = 26 \)
Number of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{19+1}{2} = 10 \)
Number of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{19-1}{2} = 9 \)
Total no. of byes = Next higher power of two – total teams = \( 32 - 19 = 13 \)
Number of byes in upper half = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} = \frac{13-1}{2} = 6 \)
Number of byes in lower half = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} = \frac{13+1}{2} = 7 \)

Question. Draw a knock-out fixture of 27 teams and explain the advantage of knock out tournament. CBSE (C) 2018 or What is the meaning of tournament? Draw knock-out fixture for 27 teams. CBSE 2012
Answer: A tournament is a competition held among various teams in a particular activity according to a fixed schedule in which a winner is decided.

Fixture of 27 teams:

Upper Half
1. Bye ────┐ (Round 2)
           ├──────┐ (Round 3)
2. Bye ────┘      │
                  ├──────┐
3 ──┐             │      │
    ├──────┐      │      │
4 ──┘      ├──────┘      │
5 ──┐      │             │ (Round 4)
    ├──────┘             ├──────┐
6 ──┘                    │      │
                         │      │
7 ──┐                    │      │
    ├──────┐             │      │
8 ──┘      ├──────┐      │      │
9 ──┐      │      ├──────┘      │
    ├──────┘      │             │
10 ─┘             │             │ (Round 5 - Final)
                  ├──────┘      ├───── Winner
11 ─┐             │             │
    ├──────┐      │             │
12 ─┘      ├──────┘             │
13 ─┐      │                    │
    ├──────┘                    │
14 ─┘                          │
                               │
Lower Half                     │
15. Bye ───┐ (Round 2)         │
           ├──────┐ (Round 3)  │
16. Bye ───┘      │            │
                  ├──────┐     │
17 ─┐             │      │     │
    ├──────┐      │      │     │
18 ─┘      ├──────┘      │     │
19 ─┐      │             ├─────┘
    ├──────┘             │
20 ─┘                    │
                         │
21 ─┐                    │
    ├──────┐             │
22 ─┘      ├──────┐      │
23 ─┐      │      ├──────┘
    ├──────┘      │
24 ─┘             │
                  ├──────┘
25 ─┐             │
    ├──────┐      │
26 ─┘      ├──────┘
27. Bye ───┘

Total no. of teams = 27
Total no. of matches = \( 27-1 = 26 \)
Number of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{27+1}{2} = 14 \)
Number of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{27-1}{2} = 13 \)
Total no. of byes = Next higher power of two – total teams = \( 32 - 27 = 5 \)
Number of byes in upper half = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} = \frac{5-1}{2} = 2 \)
Number of byes in lower half = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} = \frac{5+1}{2} = 3 \)

Advantages of Knock-Out Tournament:
The advantage of knock-out tournament are:
(i) Minimum number of officials are required to organise such tournaments.
(ii) Less number of matches are required; thus it require less time to complete such tournaments.
(iii) It is less expensive because the team which gets defeated is eliminated from the competition.

Question. Being sports captain of the school, prepare five important committees with their responsibilities to conduct one day run for health race. Delhi 2015
Answer: Being the sports captain, I will form five committees. These are as follows:
(i) Publicity Committee: This committee will prepare the advertisement plans, announce the sports events dates, venues and notify the same to public through newspaper, television, e-mail and websites.
(ii) Boarding and Lodging Committee: This committee will arrange the accommodation of the participants and ensure the provisions for food and refreshments.
(iii) Transportation Committee: This committee provides the necessary transportation to the participants to and fro the venue.
(iv) Grounds and Equipments Committee: This committee takes care of the ground where the event is to take place. At the same time, it also takes care of the equipment and check if they are running properly.
(v) Reception Committee: The members of this committee are responsible to welcome the Chief Guest and spectators at opening and closing ceremonies.

Question. Draw a knock-out fixture of 21 teams mentioning all the steps involved. All India 2015
Answer: Total no. of matches = \( N - 1 = 21 - 1 = 20 \)
No. of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{21+1}{2} = 11 \text{ teams} \)
No. of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{21-1}{2} = 10 \text{ teams} \)
Total no. of byes \( Nb = 32 - 21 = 11 \text{ byes} \)
No. of byes in upper half = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} = \frac{11-1}{2} = 5 \text{ byes} \)
No. of byes in lower half = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} = \frac{11+1}{2} = 6 \text{ byes} \)
Total rounds = 5
No. of byes in I quarter = \( \frac{Nb-1}{2} = \frac{5-1}{2} = 2 \text{ byes} \)
No. of byes in II quarter = \( \frac{Nb+1}{2} = \frac{5+1}{2} = 3 \text{ byes} \)
No. of byes in III quarter = \( \frac{Nb}{2} = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \text{ byes} \)
No. of byes in IV quarter = \( \frac{Nb}{2} = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \text{ byes} \)

Question. Suggest the formation of various committees for systematic and smooth conduct of sports day in your school. All India 2014
Answer:
(i) Selection of Members: Students who are interested and motivated to take part should be included in the committee.
(ii) Define Tasks Clearly: Next step is to define the tasks of each committee. All the committee members should be given clear instructions about their task.
(iii) Plan: Plan the entire event properly, looking at each and every aspect of the sports day.
(iv) Establish Goals: Each committee should be clearly told about their goals so that they know what is expected of them.

Question. What do you understand by fixture? Draw a fixture of 13 teams in knock-out tournament. CBSE 2011 or What do you mean by tournament? Draw a fixture of 13 teams in knock-out tournaments.
Answer: Fixture is the process of arranging the teams in systematic order in various groups for competition in a physical activity. In other words, it is the arrangement of various teams for competitive matches where they play in a systematic order as per the fixture schedule. A tournament is a competition held among various teams in a particular activity according to a fixed schedule in which a winner is decided.

Fixture of 13 teams:
Total teams = 13
Total matches = \( N - 1 = 13 - 1 = 12 \text{ matches} \)
Number of teams in upper half = \( \frac{N+1}{2} = \frac{13+1}{2} = 7 \text{ teams} \)
Number of teams in lower half = \( \frac{N-1}{2} = \frac{13-1}{2} = 6 \text{ teams} \)
Total number of byes = Next power of two - total teams = \( 16 - 13 = 3 \text{ byes} \)
Number of byes in upper half = \( \frac{Total number of byes - 1}{2} = \frac{3-1}{2} = 1 \text{ bye} \)
Number of byes in lower half = \( \frac{Total number of byes + 1}{2} = \frac{3+1}{2} = 2 \text{ byes} \)

Upper Half
1. Bye ───┐ (Round 2)
          ├──────┐ (Round 3)
2 ──┐     │      ├──────┐
    ├─────┘      │      │ (Round 4)
3 ──┘            │      ├──────┐
                 ├──────┘      │
4 ──┐            │             │
    ├─────┐      │             │
5 ──┘     ├──────┘             │
6 ──┐     │                    │
    ├─────┘                    │
7 ──┘                          ├───── Winner
                               │
Lower Half                     │
8. Bye ───┐ (Round 2)          │
          ├──────┐             │
9 ──┐     │      ├──────┐      │
    ├─────┘      │      │      │
10 ─┘            │      ├──────┘
                 ├──────┘
11 ─┐            │
    ├─────┐      │
12 ─┘     ├──────┘
13. Bye ──┘

While organising sports events for the Annual Sports Day, Arjun and Ravi being the captain and vice captain of sports, formed various committees as shown below. CBSE QB 2021

Question. The members of this committee are responsible for welcoming guests and spectators
(a) Decoration committee
(b) Reception committee
(c) Publicity committee
(d) Committee for officials
Answer: (b) Reception committee

Question. Announcement of venue, date and events is done by .............
(a) Publicity committee
(b) Transportation committee
(c) Ground committee
(d) Committee for officials
Answer: (a) Publicity committee

Question. Organising and conducting of sports events involve .............
(a) Planning
(b) Forming committees
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) Only delegation
Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)

Question. Complete responsibility for success of competition is taken by .............
(a) Announcement committee
(b) Administrative director
(c) First aid committee
(d) Committee for officials
Answer: (b) Administrative director

Question. To prepare a proper score sheet for record is ............. responsibility.
(a) pre tournament
(b) during tournament
(c) post tournament
(d) All of the options
Answer: (b) during tournament