NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology Chapter 6 Learning

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology Learning. The NCERT solutions for Class 11 Psychology book have been made by Psychology teacher of one of the best CBSE school in India. Psychology in Class 11 is an important and easy to score subject for Class 11 students. These NCERT solutions have been made to give detailed answers and explanations which can be easily understood by the students. You can download the NCERT solutions for free in pdf format. Refer to other links also to download Class 11 Psychology NCERT solutions, worksheets, sample papers and test papers.

Question 1. What is learning? What are its distinguishing features?

Answer: The process of learning has certain features:

1. Learning always involves some kinds of experience or practice.

 Changes due to maturation or growth are not learning. e.g.: One learns that if the bell rings in the hostel after sunset, then dinner is ready to be served.

2. Sometimes a single experience can lead to learning. e.g.: A child strikes a match stick on the side of a matchbox and gets her/his finger burnt. Such an experience, makes the child learn to be careful in handling the matchbox in future.

 Before it can be called learning, the change must be relatively permanent, it must last for a fairly long time.

3. Learning must be distinguished from the behavioural changes that are neither permanent nor learnt. eg. changes in behaviour due to fatigue, habituation and drugs.

4. Learning is a change in behaviour, for better or worse.

5. Learning follows a sequence.

Question 2. How does classical conditioning demonstrate learning by association?

Answer:  Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which an organism learns to associate stimulus.

 Conditioning is the simplest form of learning.

 Classical conditioning was first explained in Pavlovs experiments in which a dog was kept on a harness with a tube attached to the dogs jaw on one end, a measuring jar on the other end.

 The dogs was kept hungry in the course of experiments, every time the dogs was given food a bell was rung before it, slowly the dog become conditioned to believe that the ringing bell meant that food was coming. .

 So, he began salivating at the sound at the bell.  The dog continued to salivate even when food was not given after the bell.

 Hence, salivation became a conditioned response to the conditioned stimulus. Various forms of classical conditioning are:

1. Unconditioned stimulus (US): This stimulus consistently evoked a response or is reliably followed by one or it has potential capacity to evoke a natural response. e.g. food. 

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