NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology Chapter 3 The Bases of Human Behaviour

NCERT Solutions Class 11 Psychology The Bases of Human Behaviour. The NCERT solutions for Class 11 Psychology book have been made by Psychology teacher of one of the best CBSE school in India. Psychology in Class 11 is an important and easy to score subject for Class 11 students. These NCERT solutions have been made to give detailed answers and explanations which can be easily understood by the students. You can download the NCERT solutions for free in pdf format. Refer to other links also to download Class 11 Psychology NCERT solutions, worksheets, sample papers and test papers.

Question 1. How does the evolutionary perspective explain the biological basis of behaviour?

Answer:  Evolution refers to gradual and orderly biological changes that result in a species from their pre-existing forms in response to their changing adaptation demands of their environment.

 Physiological and biological changes that take place as a result of evolutionary processes are so slow that they become visible after hundreds of generations. Three important features of modem human beings include:

 A trigger and developed brain with increased capacity for cognitive behaviours (like perception, memory, thinking, reasoning, etc).

 Ability to walk upright on two legs and  Free hands with a workable opposing thumb. The environmental demands had to biological and behavioural changes over a long period of time. In the human brain, the earliest to the most recent structures in the process of evolution are: Limbic system, brain stem and cerebellum are the oldest; and cerebral cortex is the latest developed.

Question 2.Describe how neurons transmit information.

Answer: Neuron is the basic unit of our nervous system. Neurons are specialized cells which convert various forms of stimuli into electrical impulses. They receive information from sense organs or from adjacent neurons, carry them to the central nervous system and bring motor information from the central nervous system to motor organs. Neurons transmit information with the help of dendrites, soma, axon and terminal buttons by converting stimuli into electrical impulses. This is done by the following method: Dendrites —> soma —> axon —> terminal buttons

 Dendrites receive the informing neural impulses from adjacent neurons or directly from sense organs.

 The nerve impulse is then passed on the main body of the neuron i.e. soma.

 From soma the impulse is passed on to the axon.

 The axon transmits the information/impulse along its length to terminal buttons.

 The terminal buttons transmit the information to another neuron, gland or muscle.

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