CBSE Book Class 12 Informatic Practices Web Applications

WEB APPLICATIONS

Introduction

History of World Wide Web

Internet is such a wonder box that whenever we need some information on any topic, we refer to internet. Information is available on almost all the topics - from Ayurveda to Advaced Medical Surgeries, from basic colors to advanced designs, from fundamentals of computers to latest developments in the field of supercomputers - you name it and internet has it. This information is actually stored on some computers on the net. These computers are called the servers.

The information is stored in the form of some documents called hyper text documents. All the related documents on a server are linked together using hyperlinks. Therefore using hyperlinks we can move from one document to another. This is formally called navigation. There are a number of ways to create hyper text documents. There are many specialized software packages like Dreamweaver, CoffeCup etc. which are used to create web documents. The simplest way to create a web document is to use a text editor like notepad, notepad2 etc. and write code in HTML.

A hyper text document on the web is also called a web page. The information over the web is shared using a protocol called Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) The concept of WWW was designed in 1989 by Tim Berners-Lee and scientists at CERN (Geneva), the European centre for High Energy Physics. Their purpose was to make sharing and retrieval of research material simpler. A year later they had developed a 'browser/editor' program and had named the program World Wide Web. The World Wide Web grew rapidly and attained its present form. Its further development is guided by the WWW Consortium (W3C) based at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts

WEB APPLICATIONS

Uniform Resource Locator The uniform resource locator (URL) is the unique identifier of a web page. The address or URL of the current page you are on appears in the "Address Bar" of the web browser. You can go directly to a web page if you know its URL by simply typing the URL in the address bar. You can click in the address bar at any time and overwrite the current address with another URL to jump to a different web page. 

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