CBSE Book Class 12 Informatic Practices IT Applications

IT APPLICATION

In class 11, you have already learnt about broad categories of IT application as e-Gaming, e-Business, e-Governance, e-Learning etc. e-Business involves applications dealing with buying and selling of products and services. e-Governance involves applications which are used by government agencies/organizations to provide better governance. e-Learning involves applications which are developed to help learning of any concept/skill. Similar applications are also possible in other sectors of economy and social service. You must have used or seen others using many such applications several times. Whenever you perform an activity online, like register for a new email account, apply for a Visa while going abroad, reserve a seat on a flight/train, buy a book online - you are actually using IT applications only. So, you can see how these applications save us time and efforts in getting various jobs done. These applications have become an integral part of our modern society.

IT APPLICATIONS

In this chapter let us learn about what goes into developing such applications. We shall also take up a few examples for better understanding. All IT applications process some data entered by the user. For example, when an examinee has to see his result on the net, he has to enter his roll number. When a person has to deposit his house tax online, he has to enter information about his house and his credit/debit card using which the house tax has to be deposited. To place an order onlinefor some purchase, the buyer has to enter some information about himself and the item to be purchased.

Similarly for any IT application the user has to enter some data which may be just a number or a lot of data like buyer's details. Every IT application provides some sort of form using which users enter the data. This form is called the Front End Interface (or just Front-End or Interface or user-interface) of the application. To create a front-end various components, like those studied in Java GUI application development, are used. Some of Front-End Interface the most commonly used components are discussed below. 

TextField: TextField is used to get small textual information like Name, RollNo, email address, quantity, etc. Disabled/Uneditable TextFields are also used to display such information.

TextArea: TextArea is used to get long textual information which may span multiple lines of text. E.g. to get Address, Complaint, Suggestion etc. Disabled/ Uneditable TextAreas are also used to display such information. 

Radio Button: Radio buttons are used to get an option out of several mutually exclusive (out of which only one can be selected) options. Examples of such options are Gender (Male or Female or Other), Type of Credit Card (Master or Visa or Other), Type of internet connection (DialUp or Braodband), etc. 

CheckBox: Check boxes are used to get one or more options out of several given options which are not mutually exclusive. These are the cases where multiple options are given to the user and the user can select zero or more out of the given options.

Examples of such options are Hobbies (a user may have zero or more hobbies), Magazines to subscribe for (a user may subscribe to zero or more of the given magazines) etc.

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