DK Goel Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Chapter 3 Admission of a Partner

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Class 12 Math Chapter 3 Admission of a Partner DK Goel Solutions

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Chapter 3 Admission of a Partner DK Goel Class 12 Solved Exercises

📚 CBSE Class 12 - DK Goel Solutions

Chapter 3: Admission of a Partner

Complete Step-by-Step Solutions | Q1 to Q112

✅ 112 Solved Questions 📊 New Ratio, Goodwill & Revaluation 💡 Concept Summary ⚠️ Common Mistakes
📋 Jump to a question (tap to expand)

💡 Quick Concept Summary

New Profit Sharing Ratio
The new partner's share is taken from the old partners' shares. If nothing is specified, assume old partners sacrifice in their OLD ratio.
Sacrificing Ratio
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio of each old partner. The new partner compensates them for this via goodwill.
Goodwill Treatment
Premium brought in cash by the new partner is credited to sacrificing partners' capital A/cs in sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it's adjusted through capital accounts instead.
Revaluation Account
Increase in asset / decrease in liability = gain (credit). Decrease in asset / increase in liability = loss (debit). Net result goes to OLD partners in OLD ratio.
Goodwill — Average / Weighted / Super Profit / Capitalisation
Same four valuation methods as always: Average Profit, Weighted Average Profit, Super Profit (Actual − Normal Profit), and Capitalisation (Capitalised Value − Capital Employed).
Capital Adjustment on Admission
When capitals must match the new ratio, compute the new firm's total capital (often from the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital and adjust the difference.
Reserves & Accumulated Profit/Loss
Any General Reserve, Workmen Compensation Reserve, or accumulated P&L on the date of admission is distributed among OLD partners in their OLD ratio before the new partner is admitted.
New Balance Sheet
Prepare using revalued asset/liability figures and the partners' closing capital balances. Total Assets must equal Total Liabilities.
📝

Numerical Questions and Solutions

Q1(A) A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. C is admitted to the partnership for 1/4th share of future profits. Calc…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. C is admitted to the partnership for 1/4th share of future profits. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

C’s Share = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1 - 1/4 = 3/4

A’s New Share = 5/8 of 3/4 = 15/32

B’s New Share = 3/8 of 3/4 = 9/32

C’s Share = 1/4

Thus, the new profit sharing ratio = 15/32 : 9/32 : 1/4

New profit = 15 : 9 : 8/32

New profit = 15 : 9 : 8

📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q1(B) A and B were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 21 : 9. C was admitted on 9/21 share in the profits. Calculate new profit sh…

A and B were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 21 : 9. C was admitted on 9/21 share in the profits. Calculate new profit sharing ratio of the partners.

✅ Solution

C’s Share = 9/21

Remaining Share = 1 - 9/21 = 12/21

A’s New Share = 21/30 of 12/21 = 2/5

B’s New Share = 9/30 of 12/21 = 6/35

C’s Share = 9/21

Thus, the new profit sharing ratio = 2/5 : 6/35 : 9/21

New profit = 42 : 18 : 45/105

New profit = 42 : 18 : 45 or 14 : 6 : 15

📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q2(A) P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3. They admit R as partner for a 1/7th share in profits which he…

P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3. They admit R as partner for a 1/7th share in profits which he acquires equally from P and Q. Calculate new profit sharing ratio of the partners.

✅ Solution

R is acquires 1/7th share equally form P and Q.

R acquires form P = 1/2×1/7 = 1/14

R acquires form Q = 1/2×1/7 = 1/14

Calculation of New Share:-

P’s Share = 4/7-1/14=8 – 1/14= 7/14

Q’s Share = 3/7-1/14=6 - 1/14= 5/14

R’s Share = 1/7

Thus, the new profit sharing ratio = 7/14 : 5/14 : 1/7

New profit = 7 : 5 : 2/14

New profit = 7 : 5 : 2

📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q2(B) R and S share profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admitted T as partner for 1/8th share which will be borne by R and S equally. Fi…

R and S share profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admitted T as partner for 1/8th share which will be borne by R and S equally. Find out the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Profit Share give to T = 1/8

T acquires form R = 1/2×1/8 = 1/16

T acquires form S = 1/2×1/8 = 1/16

Calculation of New Share:-

R’s Share = 3/5-1/16=48 – 5/80= 43/80

S’s Share = 2/5-1/16=32 - 5/80= 27/80

T’s Share = 1/16+1/16=1 + 1/16=2/16

Thus, the new profit sharing ratio = 43/80 : 27/80 : 2/16

New profit = 43 : 27 : 10/80

New profit = 43 : 27 : 10

📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q2(C) P, Q and R were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admitted S as a new partner for 1/8th share in the …

P, Q and R were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admitted S as a new partner for 1/8th share in the profits which he acquired /16th from P and 1/16th from Q. Calculate new profit sharing ratio of P, Q, R and S.

✅ Solution

New Share = Old Share – Sacrificing Share

P’s new share = 3/6-1/16=24 - 3/48= 21/48

Q’s new share = 2/6-1/16=16 - 3/48= 13/48

R’s new share = 1/6

S’s new share = 1/8

Thus, the new profit sharing ratio = 21/48 : 13/48 : 1/16 : 1/8

New profit = 21 : 13 : 8 : 6/48

New profit = 21 : 13 : 8 : 6

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q3(A) X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 1. Z is admitted with 5/11th share which he takes 3/11th from X and 2/11t…

X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 1. Z is admitted with 5/11th share which he takes 3/11th from X and 2/11th from Y. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio of the partners.

✅ Solution

Z is acquire = 5/11 , X is surrender = 3/11 , Y is surrender = 2/11

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 2/3-3/11=22 - 9/33= 13/33

Y’s New Share = 1/3-2/11=11 - 6/33= 5/33

Z’s New Share = 5/11

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13/33 : 5/33 : 5/11

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13 : 5 : 15/33

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13 : 5 : 15

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q3(B) A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C on 1/4th share which he acquires 1/6th from A and 1/12th fr…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C on 1/4th share which he acquires 1/6th from A and 1/12th from B. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio of the partners.

✅ Solution

C is acquire = 1/4 , A is surrender = 1/6 , B is surrender = 1/12

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 5/8-1/6=15 - 4/24= 11/24

B’s New Share = 3/8-1/12=9 - 2/24= 7/24

C’s New Share = 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11/24 : 7/24 : 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 : 7 : 6/24

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 : 7 : 6

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q4 A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in 1:2:3 ratio. They admitted D as a new partner for 1/6th share. D acquired hi…

A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in 1:2:3 ratio. They admitted D as a new partner for 1/6th share. D acquired his share 1/24 from A, 1/24 from B and 1/12 from C. Calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Old Ratio of A, B and C is 1:2:3.

A’s New Profit = 1/6-1/24=4-1/24=3/24

B’s New Profit = 2/6-1/24=8-1/24=7/24

C’s New Profit = 3/6-1/12=6-1/12=5/12 or 5×2/12×2=10/24

D’s Share = 1×4/6×4=4/24

Hence, the New Profit sharing ratio of the partners is 3:7:10:4.

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q5 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They admit C into partnership giving him 1/2 share in profits which he a…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They admit C into partnership giving him 1/2 share in profits which he acquires from A and B in the ratio of 3 : 1. Calculate the new profit ratio.

✅ Solution

C is acquire = 1/2 from A and B in the ratio of 3:1.

A is surrender = 3/4 , B is surrender = 1/4

A’s share = 1/2 of 3/4 = 3/8

B’s share = 1/2 of 1/4 = 1/8

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 3/5-3/8=24 - 15/40= 9/40

B’s New Share = 2/5-1/8=16 - 5/40= 11/40

C’s New Share = 1/2

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9/40 : 11/40 : 1/2

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 : 11 : 20/40

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 : 11 : 20

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q6 X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3: 2.They admit Z as a new partner who gets 1/5th share. Calculate…

X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3: 2.They admit Z as a new partner who gets 1/5th share. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio in each of the following cases :

(i) If Z acquires his share from X and Y in their profit sharing ratio;

(ii) If he acquires 3/20th from X and 1/20th from Y;

(iii) If he acquires 1/10th from X and 1/10th from Y;

(iv) If he acquires 1/20th from X and 3/20th from y;

(v) If he acquires his share entirely from X;

(vi) If he acquires his share entirely from Y.

✅ Solution

(i) If Z acquires his share from X and Y in their profit sharing ratio:-

Z is acquire = 1/5from X and Y in the ratio of 3:2.

X is surrender = 3/5 , Y is surrender = 2/5

X’s share = 1/5 of 3/5 = 3/25

Y’s share = 1/5 of 2/5 = 2/25

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5-3/25=15 - 3/25= 12/25

Y’s New Share = 2/5-2/25=10 - 2/25= 8/25

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12/25 : 8/25 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 : 8 : 5/25

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 :8 :5

(ii) If he acquires 3/20th from X and 1/20th from Y:-

X is surrender = 3/20 , Y is surrender = 1/20

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5-3/20=12 - 3/20= 9/20

Y’s New Share = 2/5-1/20=8 - 1/20= 7/20

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9/20 : 7/20 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 : 7 : 4/20

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 :7 :4

(iii) If he acquires 1/10th from X and 1/10th from Y;

X is surrender = 1/10 , Y is surrender = 1/10

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5-1/10=6 - 1/10= 5/10

Y’s New Share = 2/5-1/10=4 - 1/10= 3/10

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5/10 : 3/10 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5 : 3 : 2/10

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5 :3 :2

(iv) If he acquires 1/20th from X and 3/20thfrom y;

X is surrender = 1/20 , Y is surrender = 3/20

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5-1/20=12 - 1/20= 11/20

Y’s New Share = 2/5-3/20=8 - 3/20= 5/20

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11/20 : 5/20 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 : 5 : 4/20

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 :5 :4

(v) If he acquires his share entirely from X;

 Z is given 1/5th share which he acquires entirely from X.

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5-1/5=3 - 1/5= 2/5

Y’s New Share = 2/5

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/5 : 2/5 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2 : 2 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2 :2 :1

(vi) If he acquires his share entirely from Y.

 Z is given 1/5th share which he acquires entirely from Y.

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 3/5

Y’s New Share = 2/5-1/5=2 - 1/5= 1/5

Z’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/5 : 1/5 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3 : 1 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3 :1 :1

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q7 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. C is admitted for 1/5th share of profits out of which half share was gif…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. C is admitted for 1/5th share of profits out of which half share was gifted by A and the remaining share was taken by C equally from A and B. Calculate new profit share ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Old Profit Sharing Ratio = 3:2

C admitted for 1/5th Share of which 1/2 share gifted by A and B remaining equally from A and B.

C acquired from A = 1/5×1/2+1/5-1/101/2

C acquired from A = 1/10+1/20

C acquired from A =3/20

A’s New Share = 3/5-3/20

A’s New Share =12-3/20

A’s New Share =9/20

B’s New Share = 2/5-1/20

B’s New Share =8-1/20

B’s New Share =7/20

C’s Share = 1×4/5×4=4/20

Hence, the new profit sharing ratio of A, B and C is 9:7:4.

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q8(A) A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. C joins the firm. A surrenders 1/4th of his share and B 1/5th …

A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. C joins the firm. A surrenders 1/4th of his share and B 1/5th of his share in favour of C. Find the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

A is surrender = 1/4 , B is surrender = 1/5

A’s share = 1/4 of 2/3 = 2/12 = 1/6

B’s share = 1/5 of 1/3 = 1/15

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 2/3-1/6=4 - 1/6= 3/6

B’s New Share = 1/3-1/15=5 - 1/15= 4/15

C’s New Share = 1/6+1/15=5 + 2/30=7/30

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/6 : 4/15 : 7/30

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 15 : 8 : 7/30

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 15 :8 :7

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q8(B) A and B share profits in the ratio of 3:2. They agreed to admit C on the condition that A will sacrifice 3/20th of his share of pr…

A and B share profits in the ratio of 3:2. They agreed to admit C on the condition that A will sacrifice 3/20th of his share of profit in favour of C and B will sacrifice 1/20th of his profits in favour of C. Calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

A is surrender = 3/20 , B is surrender = 1/20

A’s share = 3/20 of 3/5 = 9/100

B’s share = 1/20 of 2/5 = 2/100

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 3/5-9/100=60 - 9/100= 51/100

B’s New Share = 2/5-2/100=40 - 2/100= 38/100

C’s New Share = 9/100+2/100=9 + 2/100=11/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/6 : 4/15 : 11/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 51 : 38 : 11/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 51 :38 :11

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q8(C) X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 9: 6. A new partner Z is admitted. X surrenders 3/15th s…

X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 9: 6. A new partner Z is admitted. X surrenders 3/15th share of his profit in favour of Z and Y 6/15th of his share in favour of Z. Calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

X is surrender = 3/15 , Y is surrender = 6/15

X’s share = 3/15 of 9/15 = 27/225 = 3/25

Y’s share = 6/15 of 6/15 = 36/225 = 4/25

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

X’s New Share = 9/15-3/25=45 - 9/75= 36/75

Y’s New Share = 6/15-4/25=30 - 12/75= 18/75

Z’s New Share = 3/25+4/25=3 + 4/25=7/25

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 36/75 : 18/75 : 7/25

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 36 : 18 : 21/75

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 36 : 18 : 21 or 12 : 6 : 7

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q9 A, B and C are partners in a firm sharing profits in 4:3:3 ratio. They decided to admit their manager D into partnership. A surren…

A, B and C are partners in a firm sharing profits in 4:3:3 ratio. They decided to admit their manager D into partnership. A surrendered 1/4 of his share in favour of D; B surrendered 1/5 of his share in favour of D and C surrendered 1/6 of his share in favour of D. Calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution
 A B C
Old Ratio4/10:3/10:3/10
Surrender Share1/4 1/5 1/6

A’s share = 4/10 of 1/4 = 4/40= 1/10

B’s share = 3/10 of 1/5 = 3/50= 3/50

C’s share = 3/10 of 1/6 = 1/20

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 4/10-1/10=4 - 1/10= 3/10

B’s New Share = 3/10-3/50=15 - 3/50= 12/50

C’s New Share = 3/10-1/20=6 - 1/20=5/20

D’s New Share = 1/10+3/50+1/20= 10+6+5/100=21/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/10 : 12/50 : 5/20:21/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 30 : 24 : 25 :21/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 30 : 24 : 25 :21

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q10 A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit X and Y as new partners. A surrendered 1/3rd of …

A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit X and Y as new partners. A surrendered 1/3rd of his share in favour of X and B surrendered 1/4th of his share in favour of Y. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio A, B, X and Y.

✅ Solution
 A B
Old Ratio3/5:2/5
Surrender Share1/3 1/4

A’s share = 3/5 of 1/3 = 3/15 = 1/5

B’s share = 2/5 of 1/4 = 2/20 = 1/10

Calculation of New Profit sharing ratio:-

New Ratio = Old Ratio – Surrender Share

A’s New Share = 3/5-1/5=3 - 1/5= 2/5

B’s New Share = 2/5-1/10=4 - 1/10= 3/10

X’s New Share = 1/5

Y’s New Share = 1/10

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/5 : 3/10 : 1/5:1/10

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4 : 3 : 2 :1/10

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4 : 3 : 2 :1

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q11 P and Q share profits in 3 : 2. On 1st April, 2016, they admit R and S with 1/4th and 1/5thshare respectively. The profit of the f…

P and Q share profits in 3 : 2. On 1st April, 2016, they admit R and S with 1/4th and 1/5thshare respectively. The profit of the firm for the year ended 31st March 2017 amounted to Rs. 2,00,000. Prepare necessary journal entries for the distribution of profit.

✅ Solution

Total Share of R and S = 1/4+1/5=5 + 4/20= 9/20

Remaining Share for P and Q = 1-9/20=11/20

P’s Share = 11/20× 3/5= 33/100

Q’s Share = 11/20× 2/5= 22/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio of P : Q : R : S = 33/100 : 22/100 : 1/4 : 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 33 : 22 : 25 : 20/100

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 33 : 22 : 25 : 20

Profit of the Firm Rs. 2,00,000 is distributed in new profit sharing ratio.

P’s Share in Profit = Rs. 2,00,000 ×33/100 = Rs. 66,000

Q’s Share in Profit = Rs. 2,00,000 ×22/100 = Rs. 44,000

R’s Share in Profit = Rs. 2,00,000 ×25/100 = Rs. 50,000

S’s Share in Profit = Rs. 2,00,000 ×20/100 = Rs. 40,000

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q12(A) Saurabh and Gaurav are equal partners. They admit Chunmun as a partner in their firm and the new ratio of all the three has been d…

Saurabh and Gaurav are equal partners. They admit Chunmun as a partner in their firm and the new ratio of all the three has been decided upon as 4:3:2. Find the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Saurabh’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/2-4/9=9 - 8/18=1/18

Gaurav’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/2-3/9=9 - 6/18=3/18

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 3

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q12(B) A, B and C share profit and losses in the ratio of 3: 2: 1. Upon admission of D, they agreed to share as follows: (i) 4 : 4 : 2 : …

A, B and C share profit and losses in the ratio of 3: 2: 1. Upon admission of D, they agreed to share as follows:

(i) 4 : 4 : 2 : 2

(ii)2 : 4 : 2 : 4

Calculate sacrificing ratios.

✅ Solution

(i) 4 : 4 : 2 : 2

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/6-4/12=6 - 4/12=2/12

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/6-4/12=4 - 4/12=0

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-2/12=2 - 2/12=0

Sacrificing Ratio = Only A Sacrifices = 2/12=1/6

(ii) 2 : 4 : 2 : 4

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/6-2/12=6 - 2/12=4/12

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/6-4/12=4 - 4/12=0

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-2/12=2 - 2/12=0

Sacrificing Ratio = Only A Sacrifices = 4/12=1/3

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q13(A) A, B and C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1 respectively. They admit D for 1/6th share in the firm. Calculate th…

A, B and C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1 respectively. They admit D for 1/6th share in the firm. Calculate the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution

D’s Share = 1/6

Remaining Share = 1-1/6=5/6

A’s Share = 2/5of 5/6 = 2/6

B’s Share = 2/5of 5/6 = 2/6

C’s Share = 1/5of 5/6 = 1/6

D’s Share = 1/6

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-2/6=12 - 10/30=2/30

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-2/6=12 - 10/30=2/30

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/5-1/6=6 - 5/30=1/20

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 2 : 1.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q13(B) A and B are partners sharing profit in the ratio of 5:3. C is admitted to the partnership for 1/4th share of future profits. Calcu…

A and B are partners sharing profit in the ratio of 5:3. C is admitted to the partnership for 1/4th share of future profits. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio and the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution

C’s Share = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1-1/4=3/4

A’s Share = 5/8of 3/4 = 15/32

B’s Share = 3/8of 3/4 = 9/32

C’s Share = 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 15/32 : 9/32 : 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 15 : 9 : 8/32

New Profit Sharing Ratio =15 : 9 : 8

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/8-15/32=20 - 15/32=5/32

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/8-9/32=12 - 9/32=2/32

Sacrificing Ratio = 5 : 3.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q14 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 7 : 3. C was admitted. A surrendered 1/7th of his share and B 1/3rdof his sha…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 7 : 3. C was admitted. A surrendered 1/7th of his share and B 1/3rdof his share in favour of C. Calculate the sacrificing ratio and the new profit-sharing ratios of the partners.

✅ Solution

A’s Surrendered = 1/7 of 7/10 = 1/10

B’s Surrendered = 1/3 of 3/10 = 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 1/10 : 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 1

Calculation of New Ratio :-

A’s New Share = 7/10-1/10=7 - 1/10= 6/10

B’s New Share = 3/10-1/10=3 - 1/10= 2/10

C’s New Share = 1/10+1/10=1+ 1/10= 2/10

New Ratio of A, B and C = 6/10:2/10:2/10

New Ratio of A, B and C = 6 : 2 : 2

New Ratio of A, B and C = 3 : 1 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q15(A) A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. C is admitted into partnership. A sacrifices 1/3 of…

A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. C is admitted into partnership. A sacrifices 1/3 of his share and B 1/10 from his share in favour of C. Determine the sacrificing ratio and the new profit shearing ratio.

✅ Solution

A’s Surrendered = 1/3 of 3/5 = 1/5

B’s Surrendered = 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 1/5 : 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 1

Calculation of New Ratio :-

A’s New Share = 3/5-1/5=3 - 1/5= 2/5

B’s New Share = 2/5-1/10=4 - 1/10= 3/10

C’s New Share = 1/5+1/10=2 + 1/10= 3/10

New Ratio of A, B and C = 2/5:3/10:3/10

New Ratio of A, B and C = 4 : 3 : 3/10

New Ratio of A, B and C = 4 : 3 : 3.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q15(B) A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C and D as new partners. A sacrifices ½ …

A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C and D as new partners. A sacrifices ½ of his share in favour of C and B sacrifices ¼ from his share in favour of D. Calculate their new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

A’s sacrifices 1/2 of 5/8 = 5/16

B’s sacrifices = 1/4

Calculation of New Ratio :-

A’s New Share = 5/8-5/16=10 - 5/16= 5/16

B’s New Share = 3/8-1/4=3 - 2/8= 1/8

New share of A, B, C and D = 5/16:1/8:5/16:1/4

New Ratio of A, B and C = 5 : 2 : 5 :4/16

New Ratio of A, B and C = 5 :2 : 5 :4.

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q16 Find out the sacrificing ratio and new ratio in the following Cases: (i) A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ra…

Find out the sacrificing ratio and new ratio in the following Cases:

(i) A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 4:3. C is admitted for 1/5th share. A and B decided to share equally in future. Calculate the new ratio and sacrificing ratio.

(ii) A, B, C and D are in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 36 : 24 : 20 : 20 respectively. E joins the partnership for 20% share A, B, C, and D would in future share profits among themselves as 3/10 : 4/10: 2/10 and 1/10 . Calculate the new profit sharing ratio after E's admission.

✅ Solution

(i) Calculation of new profit sharing ratio:-

C’s Share = 1/5

Remaining Share = 1-1/5 = 4/5

A’s New Share = 1/2 of 4/5 = 4/10 = 2/5

B’s New Share = 1/2 of 4/5 = 4/10 = 2/5

C’s New Share = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/5 : 2/5 :1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2 : 2 : 1.

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 4/7-2/5=20 – 14/35= 6/35

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/7-2/5=15 - 14/35= 1/35

Sacrificing Ratio = 6 : 1.

(ii) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

E’s Share = 20% or 20/100 or 1/5

Remaining Share = 1-1/5=4/5

Profit shared by A, B, C and D in the ratio of 3/10:4/10:2/10:1/10

A’s New Ratio = 4/5 of 3/10 = 12/50

B’s New Ratio = 4/5 of 4/10 = 16/50

C’s New Ratio = 4/5 of 2/10 = 8/50

D’s New Ratio = 4/5 of 1/10 = 4/50

E’s New Ratio = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12/50:16/50:8/50:4/50:1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 : 16 : 8 : 4 : 5/50

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 : 16 : 8 : 4 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q17 A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. They admit C and decide that the profit-sharing ratio between …

A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. They admit C and decide that the profit-sharing ratio between B and C shall be same as Existing between A and B. Calculate new profit-sharing ratio and the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution

Old Ratio of A and B = 3:1

New Ratio of B and C = 3:1.

C’s share = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1-1/4 = 3/4

A’s New Ratio = 3/4× 3/4=9/16

B’s New Ratio = 3/4× 1/4=3/16

C’s New Ratio = 1/4

New Ratio of A, B and C = 9 : 3 : 1.

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/4-3/16=12 – 9/16= 3/16

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/4-3/16=4 - 3/16= 1/16

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 1.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q18 A, B and C are partners sharing in the ratio of 4 : 3: 2. They admit D for, 1/9thshare. It is agreed that A would retain his origi…

A, B and C are partners sharing in the ratio of 4 : 3: 2. They admit D for, 1/9thshare. It is agreed that A would retain his original share. Calculate the new and sacrificing ratios.

✅ Solution

Old Ratio of A, B and C = 4 : 3 : 2

D’s Share = 1/9

Remaining Share = 1-1/9=8/9

A’s New share = 4/9

Remaining Share = 8/9-4/9=4/9

B’s New Share = 3/5 of 4/9 = 12/45

C’s New Share = 2/5 of 4/9 = 8/45

The New Ratio A, B, C and D = 4/9:12/45:8/45:1/9

The New Ratio A, B, C and D = 20 : 12 : 8 : 5/45

The New Ratio A, B, C and D = 20 : 12 : 8 : 5

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

B’s Sacrificing = 3/9-12/45=15 - 12/45=3/45

C’s Sacrificing = 2/9-8/45=10 - 8/45=2/45

Sacrificing Ratio among B and C = 3:2

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q19 P, Q and R are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. S is admitted as a new partner for 1/5th share. P sacrif…

P, Q and R are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. S is admitted as a new partner for 1/5th share. P sacrifices 1/10thfrom his share in favour of S and remaining sacrifice was made by Q and R in the ratio of 2 : 1. Calculate sacrificing ratio and new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

S’s Share =1/5

P surrender for S = 1/10

Remaining Share of S = 1/5-1/10=2 - 1/10= 1/10

1/10 share of sacrificed by Q and R in the ratio of 2:1

Q’s Sacrifice = 1/10 of 2/3 = 2/30

R’s Sacrifice = 1/10 of 1/3 = 1/30

Sacrifice Ratio of P, Q and R = 1/10:2/30:1/30

Sacrifice Ratio of P, Q and R = 3 : 2 : 1/30

Sacrifice Ratio of P, Q and R = 3 : 2 : 1

Calculation of New Ratio:-

P’s New Share = 5/10- 3/30=15 - 3/30=12/30

Q’s New Share = 3/10- 2/30=9 – 2/30=7/30

R’s New Share = 2/10- 1/30=6 – 1/30=5/30

S’s New Share = 1/5

New Ratio of P, Q, R and S = 12/30:7/30:5/30:1/5

New Ratio of P, Q, R and S = 12 : 7 : 5 : 6/30

New Ratio of P, Q, R and S = 12 : 7 : 5 : 6

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q20 L, M and N are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admit O into partnership. O brings in cash Rs. 4,50,000 as cap…

L, M and N are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admit O into partnership. O brings in cash Rs. 4,50,000 as capital and Rs. 1,50,000 as goodwill for 1/5th share of profits. Pass journal entries and find out new profit sharing ratios when: (a) Goodwill is retained in the firm; (b) goodwill is withdrawn by old partners.

✅ Solution

(a) Goodwill is retained in the firm:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 6,00,000 
 To O’s Capital A/c   4,50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,50,000
 (Being O admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To L’s Capital A/c   75,000
 To M’s Capital A/c   50,000
 To N’s Capital A/c   25,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    

(b) Goodwill is withdrawn by oldpartners:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 6,00,000 
 To O’s Capital A/c   4,50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,50,000
 (Being O admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To L’s Capital A/c   75,000
 To M’s Capital A/c   50,000
 To N’s Capital A/c   25,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    
(iii)L’s Capital A/cDr. 75,000 
 M’s Capital A/cDr. 50,000 
 N’s Capital A/cDr. 25,000 
 To Bank A/c   1,50,000
 (Being old partners withdraws Goodwill)    
📝 Working Note

O’s Share = 1/5

Remaining Share = 1-1/5=4/5

L’s New Ratio = 3/6 of 4/5 = 12/30=2/5

M’s New Ratio = 2/6 of 4/5 = 8/30=4/15

N’s New Ratio = 1/6 of 4/5 = 4/30=2/15

O’s New Ratio = 1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/5:4/15:2/15:1/5

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 6 : 4 : 2 : 3/15

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 6 : 4 : 2 : 3

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q21 P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1. They admit R into from partnership for 4/9thshare in profit w…

P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1. They admit R into from partnership for 4/9thshare in profit which he acquires equally from P and Q. R brings in cash Rs. 2,50,000 as a capital and Rs. 1,80,000 as goodwill. Pass journal entries and find new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

(a) Goodwill is retained in the firm:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 4,30,000 
 To R’s Capital A/c   2,50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,80,000
 (Being R admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,80,000 
 To L’s Capital A/c   90,000
 To M’s Capital A/c   90,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    
📝 Working Note

R’s Share = 4/9 which he acquires from P and Q.

P’s surrender = 1/2of 4/9 = 2/9

Q’s surrender =1/2of 4/9 = 2/9

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

P’s New Ratio = 2/3- 2/9 = 6 - 2/9=4/9

Q’s New Ratio = 1/3- 2/9 = 3 - 2/9=1/9

R’s New Ratio = 4/9

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4/9:1/9:4/9

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4 : 1 : 4/9

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4 : 1 : 4

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q22 X and Y are partners Sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3. Z joins partnership for 2/7th share in the profits of which he acquires …

X and Y are partners Sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3. Z joins partnership for 2/7th share in the profits of which he acquires 3/4th from X and 1/4th from Y. Z brings in Rs. 3,00,000 for his capital and Rs.1,20,000 for goodwill. Half of the amount of goodwill is withdrawn by the old partners. Pass necessary Journal entries and find out new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 4,20,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   3,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,20,000
 (Being Z admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   90,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    
(iii)X’s Capital A/cDr. 45,000 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 15,000 
 To Bank A/c   60,000
 (Being Half of goodwill withdrawn by old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Z’s Share = 4/9 which he acquires 3/4th from P and 1/4th from Q.

X’s surrender = 3/4of 2/7 = 3/14

Y’s surrender =1/4of 2/7 = 1/14

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

X’s New Ratio = 4/7 - 3/14 = 8 - 3/14=5/14

Y’s New Ratio = 3/7 - 1/14 = 6 - 1/14=5/14

Z’s New Ratio = 2/7

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5/14:5/14:2/7

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5 : 5 : 4/14

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5 : 5 : 4

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q23 K and Y were partners in a firm sharing profits in 3 : 2 ratio. They admitted Z as a new partner for 1/3rd share in the profits of…

K and Y were partners in a firm sharing profits in 3 : 2 ratio. They admitted Z as a new partner for 1/3rd share in the profits of the firm. Z acquired his share from K and Y in 2:3 ratio. Z brought Rs. 80,000 for his capital and Rs. 30,000 for his 1/3rd share as premium. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio of K, Y and Z and pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 1,10,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   80,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   30,000
 (Being Z admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 30,000 
 To K’s Capital A/c   12,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   18,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    
📝 Working Note

K’s surrender = 2/5of 1/3 = 2/15

Z’s surrender =3/5of 1/3 = 3/15

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

K’s New Ratio = 3/5 - 2/15 = 9 - 2/15=7/15

Y’s New Ratio = 2/5 - 3/15 = 6 - 3/15=3/15

Z’s New Ratio = 1/3

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 7/15:3/15:1/3

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 7 : 3 : 5/15

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 7 : 3 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q24 Anju and Manju are partners, sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 7:5. They agreed to admit Meenu, their manager, into …

Anju and Manju are partners, sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 7:5. They agreed to admit Meenu, their manager, into partnership, who is to get one sixth share in the business. Meenu brings in Rs. 2,00,000 for her capital and Rs. 96,000 for 1/6th share of goodwill which she acquires 1/24th from Anju and 1/8th from Manju. The profit for the first year of the new partnership amount to Rs. 4,80,000.

Make the necessary Journal entries in connection with Meenu's admission and divide the profit between the partners.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 2,96,000 
 To Meenu’s Capital A/c   2,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   96,000
 (Being Meenu admitted into partnership amount of Capital and goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 96,000 
 To Anju’s Capital A/c   24,000
 To Manju’s Capital A/c   72,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Anju’s New Ratio = 7/12 - 1/24 = 14 - 1/24=13/24

Manju’s New Ratio = 5/12 - 1/8 = 10 - 3/24=7/24

Meenu’s New Ratio = 1/6

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13/24:7/24:1/6

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13 : 7 : 1/24

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 13 : 7 : 4

Calculation of Profit:-

Anju’s Profit = Rs. 4,80,000 ×13/24 = Rs. 2,60,000

Manju’s Profit = Rs. 4,80,000 ×7/24 = Rs. 1,40,000

Meenu’s Profit = Rs. 4,80,000 ×4/24 = Rs. 80,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q25 X and Y share profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admit Z as a partner who pays Rs. 72,000 as premium for goodwill for 1/…

X and Y share profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admit Z as a partner who pays Rs. 72,000 as premium for goodwill for 1/4thshare in the future profits of the firm.

Pass Journal entries appropriating the premium money and show the new profit sharing ratio in each of the following cases :

(i) If he acquires his share of profits in the original ratio of existing partners.

(ii) If he acquires his share of profits in equal proportions from the existing partners.

(iii) If he acquires his share in the ratio of 2:3 from the existing partners

(iv) If he acquires his share of profits as 7/32th from X and 1/32th from Y.

✅ Solution

First Case:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 72,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   72,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 72,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   43,200
 To Y’s Capital A/c   28,800
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners in the sacrificing ratio of 3:2)    
📝 Working Note

Old Ratio of X and Y = 3:2

Z’s Share = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1-1/4= 3/4

X’s New Share = 3/5of 3/4 = 9/20

Y’s New Share = 2/5of 3/4 = 6/20

Z’s New Share = 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9/20:6/20:1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 : 6 : 5/20

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 9 : 6 : 5

Sacrificing Ratio = 3:2

Second Case:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 72,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   72,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 72,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   36,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   36,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners in the sacrificing ratio of 1:1)    
📝 Working Note

Sacrificing Ratio = 1:1

Z acquires 1/2 of 1/4 = 1/8 from each of X and Y.

X’s New Ratio = 3/5- 1/8=24 - 5/40= 19/40

Y’s New Ratio = 2/5- 1/8=16 - 5/40= 11/40

Z’s New Ratio =1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 19/40:11/40:1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 19 : 11 : 10/40

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 19 : 11 : 10

Third Case:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 72,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   72,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 72,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   28,800
 To Y’s Capital A/c   43,200
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners in the sacrificing ratio of 1:1)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q26 A, B and C are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. They admitted D as a new partner, who brings R…

A, B and C are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5:3:2. They admitted D as a new partner, who brings Rs. 5,00,000 as capital and Rs. 2,10,000 as his share of goodwill in cash. A surrendered 1/5th of his share, B surrendered 1/6th of his share and C surrendered 1/8th of his share in favour of D.

Find out sacrifice ratio and Pass necessary journal entries for the above.

[Ans. Sacrificing Ratio 4:2:1]

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 7,10,000 
 To D’s Capital A/c   5,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   2,10,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 2,10,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   1,20,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   60,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners in the sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

A’s Surrender = 5/10 of 1/5 = 1/10

B’s Surrender = 3/10 of 1/6 = 1/20

C’s Surrender = 2/10 of 1/8 = 1/40

Sacrificing Ratio = 1/10:1/20:1/40

Sacrificing Ratio = 4 : 2 : 1/40

Sacrificing Ratio =4 : 2 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q27 Partners A, B and C share the profit of a business in the ratio of 3: 2: 1 respectively. For one-sixth share they admit D who brin…

Partners A, B and C share the profit of a business in the ratio of 3: 2: 1 respectively. For one-sixth share they admit D who brings in Rs. 2,00,000 including Rs.60,000 for his share of goodwill. Show the journal entries if A, B, C and D decide to share the profits respectively in the ratio of (a) 15:10:5:6; (b) 5:3:2:2 and (c) 2:2:1:1. Assume that the entire cash brought in by D remains in the business. Give Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 2,00,000 
 To D’s Capital A/c   1,40,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash )    
Case (a)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill is transferred to old partners in the sacrificing ratio 3:2:1)    
Case (b)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being goodwill is transferred to old partners in the sacrificing ratio 1:1)    
Case (c)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   60,000
 (Being goodwill is transferred to old partners in the sacrificing ratio 1:1)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratios:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Case (a)

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/6-15/36=18-15/36=3/36

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/6-10/36=12-10/36=2/36

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-5/36=6 - 5/36=1/36

Sacrificing Ratio of A,B and C = 3/36:2/36:1/36

Sacrificing Ratio of A,B and C = 3 :2 :1

Case (b)

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/6-5/12=6 - 5/12=1/12

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/6-3/12=4 - 3/36=1/12

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-2/12=2 - 2/12=0

Sacrificing Ratio of A,B and C = 1/12:1/12

Sacrificing Ratio of A,B and C = 1 :1

Case (c)

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/6-2/6=3 - 2/6=1/6

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/6-2/6=2 - 2/6=0

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-1/6=1 - 1/6=0

A alone has sacrificed.

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q28 X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit Z into partnership, Z paying a premium of Rs. 1,…

X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit Z into partnership, Z paying a premium of Rs. 1,00,000 for 1/4 share of the profits while X and Y as between themselves sharing profits and losses equally. Give journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(i)Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,00,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash )    
(ii)Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   90,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being Goodwill is distributed between old partners in the sacrificing ratio of 9:1)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Z’s Share = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1-1/4= 3/4

X’s New Profit Ratio = 3/4 of 1/2 = 3/8

Y’s New Profit Ratio = 3/4 of 1/2 = 3/8

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

X’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/5 - 3/8 = 24 -15/40 = 9/40

Y’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5 - 3/8 = 16 -15/40 = 1/40

Sacrificing Ratio of X and Y is 9:1.

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q29 A, B and C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admit D for 1/4th share in the profits and he broug…

A, B and C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2:1. They admit D for 1/4th share in the profits and he brought in Rs. 1,50,000 as his share of goodwill which was credited to the Capital Accounts of B and C respectively with Rs. 1,25,000 and Rs. 25,000.Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Sacrificing Ratio by B and C = 1,25,000 : 25,000, Which is 5 : 1.

B’s surrender = 1/4of 5/6 = 5/24

C’s surrender =1/4of 1/6 = 1/24

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

A’s New Ratio = 3/6

B’s New Ratio = 2/6 - 5/24 = 8 - 5/24=3/24

C’s New Ratio = 1/6 - 1/24 = 4 - 1/24=3/24

D’s New Ratio = 6/24

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/6:3/24:3/24:1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 : 3 : 3 : 6/24

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 12 : 3 : 3 :6

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 4 : 1 : 1 :2

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q30 X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 1. They agree to admit Z into partnership who gets 1/3rdshare …

X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 1. They agree to admit Z into partnership who gets 1/3rdshare in the profits. Z brings in Rs. 50,000 for his capital and the necessary amount for goodwill in cash. Goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs. 36,000. X, Y and Z agree to share future profits equally. The amount of goodwill is withdrawn from the business. Pass Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 62,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought in cash )    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 12,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being Goodwill is transferred to X’s capital account)    
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 To Bank A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill withdrawn by x)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

X’s Ratio = 2/3-1/3=2 – 1/3=1/3

Y’s Ratio = 1/3-1/3=0

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q31 P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses as 2:3. R and S are admitted and profit sharing ratio becomes 3:4:3:2. Goodwill is…

P and Q are partners sharing profits and losses as 2:3. R and S are admitted and profit sharing ratio becomes 3:4:3:2. Goodwill is valued at Rs. 3,00,000, R brings required goodwill and Rs. 2,00,000 cash for Capital. S brings in Rs.1,00,000 cash and Motor Vehicle for Rs. 80,000 as his capital in addition to the required amount of goodwill in cash. Show the necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 2,75,000 
 To R’s Capital A/c   2,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   75,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Bank A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 Motor Vehicle A/cDr. 80,000 
 To S’s Capital A/c   1,80,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being Goodwill and Capital brought in cash and Motor Vehicle)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,25,000 
 To P’s Capital A/c   45,000
 To Q’s Capital A/c   80,000
 (Being goodwill distributed to old partners)    
📝 Working Note

1.) Calculation of goodwill of R’s Share and S’s Share:-

Total goodwill of the firm = Rs. 3,00,000

R’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 3,00,000 ×3/12 = Rs. 75,000

S’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 3,00,000 ×2/12 = Rs. 50,000

2.) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

P’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-3/12=24 – 15/60= 9/60

Q’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/5-4/12=36 – 20/60= 16/60

Sacrificing Ratio = 9/60:16/60

Sacrificing Ratio = 9 : 16.

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q32 Champak and Raja were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:7. Varun was admitted on 1st April, 2025 as a new part…

Champak and Raja were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:7. Varun was admitted on 1st April, 2025 as a new partner for 1/3rd share in the profits of the firm. Half of Varun’s share was gifted by Raja and the remaining share was purchased by Varun in the ratio of 2:3 from Champak and Raja respectively.

✅ Solution

 Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

 Share Gifted by Raja = 1/2×1/3=1/6

 Remaining Share to be purchased = 1/3-1/6=1/6

 Varun Purchased this share from Champak and Raja in 2:3.

 Purchased from Champak = 2/5×1/6=2/30

 Purchased from Raja = 3/5×1/6=3/30

 Champak’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/10-2/30=9-2/30=7/30

 Raja’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 7/10-3/30-1/6=21-3-5/30=13/30

 Varun’s Share = 1/3×10/10=10/30

 The New Profit sharing ratio is 7:13:10.

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q33 Ram and Rahim are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. On April 1, 2023 they admit Raj as a new partner for 3…

Ram and Rahim are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. On April 1, 2023 they admit Raj as a new partner for 3/13th share in the profits. The new ratio will be 5:5:3. Raj contributed the following assets towards his capital and or his share of goodwill: Land Rs.2,50,000; Plant & Machinery Rs. 1,50,000; Stock Rs.80,000 and Debtors Rs. 70,000. On the date of admission of Raj, the goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 5,20,000. Record necessary journal entries in the book if the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Land A/cDr. 2,50,000 
 Plant & Machinery A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 Stock A/cDr. 80,000 
 Debtors A/cDr. 70,000 
 To Raj’s Capital A/c   4,30,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   1,20,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Ram’s Capital A/c   1,12,000
 To Rahim’s Capital A/c   8,000
 (Being goodwill distributed to old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Ram’s Share = 3/5-5/13=39-25/65=14/65

Rahim’s Share = 2/5-5/13=26-25/65=1/65

Sacrificing Ratio = 14/65:1/65

Sacrificing Ratio = 14 : 1

Raj’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 5,20,000 ×3/13 = Rs. 1,20,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q34(A) A and B are partners, sharing profit and losses in the ratio of 3:2. Goodwill appears in their Balance Sheet at Rs. 24,000, when C…

A and B are partners, sharing profit and losses in the ratio of 3:2. Goodwill appears in their Balance Sheet at Rs. 24,000, when C is admitted into partnership for 1/5th share in profit. He pays Rs. 50,000 for capital and Rs. 8,000 as goodwill. The ratio of the partners A, B and C in the new firm would be 2:2:1.

Pass journal entries in the books of the new firm to record above adjustments.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 14,400 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 9,600 
 To Goodwill A/c   24,000
 (Being goodwill appearing in the books now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 58,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   8,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 8,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   8,000
 (Being goodwill distributed to old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Share = 3/5-2/5=3-2/5=1/5

B’s Share = 2/5-2/5=2-2/5=0

A’s alone has sacrificed.

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q34(B) P and S are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their books showed goodwill at Rs. 20,000, R is admitted with 1/5th shar…

P and S are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their books showed goodwill at Rs. 20,000, R is admitted with 1/5th share which he acquires equally from P and S. R brings Rs. 20,000 as his capital and Rs. 10,000 as his share of goodwill. Profits at the end of the year were of the amount of Rs. 1,00,000. You are required to give journal entries to carry out the above arrangement.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 P’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 S’s Capital A/cDr. 8,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   20,000
 (Being goodwill appearing in the books now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 30,000 
 To R’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 10,000 
 To P’s Capital A/c   5,000
 To S’ s Capital A/c   5,000
 (Being goodwill distributed to old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Ratio:-

R’s Share = 1/5

P’s Sacrificing = 1/10

S’s Sacrificing = 1/10

P’s Share = 3/5-1/10=6-1/10=5/10

S’s Share = 2/5-1/10=4-1/10=3/10

R’s Share = 1/10+1/10=1+1/10=2/10

New Share = 5:3:2

Profit Division:-

P’s Share = Rs. 1,00,000 ×5/10 = Rs. 50,000

S’s Share = Rs. 1,00,000 ×3/10 = Rs. 30,000

R’s Share = Rs. 1,00,000 ×2/10 = Rs. 20,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q34(C) A and B carrying on business as partners used to share profits losses thus; A 4/7ths and B 3/7ths, and goodwill appeared in the bo…

A and B carrying on business as partners used to share profits losses thus; A 4/7ths and B 3/7ths, and goodwill appeared in the books of the firm at Rs. 2,80,000 when C was admitted as a partner having 1/7th share in profits and losses. C was asked to pay a premium of Rs. 75,000 for goodwill, and the profit-sharing ratio as between A and B remained unchanged.

Show entries in the journal of the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 1,60,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   2,80,000
 (Being goodwill appearing in the books now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 75,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   75,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 75,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   42,857
 To B’ s Capital A/c   32,143
 (Being goodwill distributed to old partners)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q35 A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in 3 : 2. They admit C into partnership for 1/5th share in the profits. C pays in …

A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in 3 : 2. They admit C into partnership for 1/5th share in the profits. C pays in cash Rs. 40,000 for his capital. Goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs. 25,000 but C is unable to bring his share of goodwill in cash. Pass the necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 40,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   40,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 C’s Current A/cDr. 5,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   3,000
 To B’ s Capital A/c   2,000
 (Being account of new partner debited for his share of goodwill and capital accounts of old partners credited in their sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Goodwill = Rs. 25,000

C’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 25,000 ×1/5 = Rs. 5,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q36 Aru and Beena are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. They admit Charu and Divya as two new partners. The new …

Aru and Beena are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. They admit Charu and Divya as two new partners. The new profit sharing ratio is agreed at 4:3:2:1. Charu introduced Rs. 5,00,000 and Divya Rs. 3,00,000 as their capitals.

Charu beings in Rs. 60,000 in cash for her share in goodwill but Diya is unable to bring her share of goodwill in cash. Pass necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 8,00,000 
 To Charu’s Capital A/c   5,00,000
 To Divya’s Capital A/c   3,00,000
 (Being Amount of Capital received from Charu and Divya)    
 Bank A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being Premium for goodwill brought by charu)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 Divya’s Current A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Aru’s Capital A/c   80,000
 To Beena’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill distributed between old partners in 8:1)    
      
📝 Working Note

Amount paid by Charu Rs. 60,000 for her share 2/10.

Total Goodwill = Rs. 60,000 × 10/2

Total Goodwill = Rs. 3,00,000

Divya’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 3,00,000 × 1/10

Divya’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 30,000

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Anu = 2/3- 4/10=20-12/30=8/30

Beena = 1/3- 3/10=10-9/30=1/30

Hence, the Sacrificing Ratio is 8:1.

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Aru’s Share:-

From Charu = Rs. 60,000 × 8/9 = Rs. 53,333

From Divya = Rs. 30,000 × 8/9 = Rs. 26,667

Total goodwill = Rs. 53,333 + Rs. 26,667 = Rs. 80,000

Beena’s Share:-

From Charu = Rs. 60,000 × 1/9 = Rs. 6,667

From Divya = Rs. 30,000 × 1/9 = Rs. 3,333

Total goodwill = Rs. 6,667 + Rs. 3,333 = Rs. 10,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q37 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. On 1st April, 2018 they admit C as a new partner for 1/4th share. C ac…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. On 1st April, 2018 they admit C as a new partner for 1/4th share. C acquires 1/5th of his share from A.

Goodwill on C's admission is to be valued on the basis of capitalisation of average profits of the last five years. Profits were :

Year ended

31st March, 2018 Profit Rs. 50,000

31st March, 2019 Profit Rs. 1,20,000 (including gain of Rs. 40,000 from sale of fixed assets)

31st March, 2020 Loss Rs. 60,000 (after charging Loss by Fire Rs. 50,000)

31st March, 2021 Loss Rs. 1,00,000 (after charging voluntary retirement compensation paid Rs. 1,50,000)

31st March, 2022 Profit Rs. 1,90,000

On 1st April, 2022, the firm had assets of Rs. 7,00,000 and external liabilities of Rs. 2,20,000.

The normal rate of return on capital is 12%.

C brings in Rs. 1,25,000 for his capital but is unable to bring his share of goodwill in cash.

(i) You are required to calculate C’s share of goodwill,

(ii) Pass necessary journal entries, and

(iii) Calculate new profit sharing ratios.

✅ Solution

(i) Calculation of C’s Share of Goodwill:-

Years Amount
31st March, 2018 50,000
31st March, 2019(Rs. 1,20,000 – Rs. 40,000)80,000
31st March, 2020(Rs. 60,000 – Rs. 50,000)(10,000)
31st March, 2021(Rs. 1,00,000 – Rs. 1,50,000)50,000
31st March, 2022 1,90,000
 Total Profit3,60,000

Average Normal Profit = Total Profit/Normal Year

Average Normal Profit = 3,60,000/5

Average Normal Profit = Rs. 72,000

Capitalised Value of Average Profits = Average Normal Profit/Normal Rate of Return

Capitalised Value of Average Profits = 72,000/12× 100 = Rs. 6,00,000

Capitalised Value of Average Profits = Rs. 6,00,000

Capital Employed = Total Assets – External Liabilities

Capital Employed = Rs. 7,00,000 – Rs. 2,20,000

Capital Employed = Rs. 4,80,000

Goodwill = Capitalised Value of Average Profits – Net Assets

Goodwill = Rs. 6,00,000 – Rs. 4,80,000

Goodwill = Rs. 1,20,000

C’s Share of Goodwill = Rs. 1,20,000 ×1/4 = Rs. 30,000

(ii)

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 1,25,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,25,000
 (Being goodwill and Capital brought by Raj)    
 C’s Current A/cDr. 30,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   6,000
 To B’ s Capital A/c   24,000
 (Being goodwill premium credited to old partners in their sacrificing ratio of 1:4)    
📝 Working Note

(1) C’s Share = 1/5

A’s Sacrificed = 1/4×1/5= 1/20

A’s Sacrificed = 1/4×4/5= 4/20

Sacrificing Ratio of A and B = 1 : 4

(2) Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

A’s New Ratio = 3/5-1/20=12-1/20=11/20

B’s New Ratio = 2/5-4/20=8-4/20=4/20

C’s New Ratio = 1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11/20:4/20:1/4

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 : 4 : 5 /20

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 11 : 4 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q38 P, Q and R share profits in the ratio of 5:3:2. S was admitted into partnership. S brings in Rs. 30,000 as his capital. S is entit…

P, Q and R share profits in the ratio of 5:3:2. S was admitted into partnership. S brings in Rs. 30,000 as his capital. S is entitled for 1/5th share in profits which he acquires equally from P, Q and R. Goodwill of the firm is to be valued at three years' purchase of last four years' average profits. The profits of the last four years’ are Rs.32,000, Rs. 38,000, Rs. 35,000 and Rs. 31,000 respectively. S cannot bring goodwill in cash. Goodwill already appears in the books at Rs. 50,000. Give Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 P’s Capital A/cDr. 25,000 
 Q’s Capital A/cDr. 15,000 
 R’s Capital A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being goodwill appearing in the books now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 30,000 
 To S’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being amount of capital brought in cash)    
 S’ Current A/cDr. 20,400 
 To P’s Capital A/c   6,800
 To Q’s Capital A/c   6,800
 To R’ s Capital A/c   6,800
 (Being Current account of new partner debited for his share of goodwill and capital accounts of old partners credited in their sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Total Profit = Rs. 32,000 + Rs. 38,000 + Rs. 35,000 + Rs. 31,000 = Rs. 1,36,000

Average Profit = 1,36,000/4

Average Profit = Rs. 34,000

Goodwill = Rs. 34,000 × 3 = Rs. 1,02,000

S’s Share = Rs. 1,02,000 ×1/5 = Rs. 20,400

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q39 X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3: 2. Goodwill appears in their balance sheet at Rs. 60,000. Z is admitted as…

X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3: 2. Goodwill appears in their balance sheet at Rs. 60,000. Z is admitted as a partner for 1/4th share in the profits. The total goodwill of the firm is valued at Rs. 2,00,000.

Pass journal entries if :

1. Z cannot bring in cash his share of goodwill.

2. Z brings in cash his share of goodwill.

✅ Solution

(i) When goodwill is not brought in cash:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 36,000 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 24,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being goodwill already appearing now written off in old ratio in 3:2)    
 C’s Current A/cDr. 50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’ s Capital A/c   20,000
 (Being C’s share of goodwill credited to A and B in sacrificing ratio of 3:2)    

(ii) When goodwill is brought in Cash:-

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 36,000 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 24,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being goodwill already appearing now written off in old ratio in 3:2)    
 Bank A/cDr. 50,000 
 To Premium for goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being Amount of goodwill brought in cash by new partner)    
 C’s Current A/cDr. 50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’ s Capital A/c   20,000
 (Being C’s share of goodwill credited to A and B in sacrificing ratio of 3:2)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q40 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They admit C into the firm for 3/7th profits (which he takes 2/7th from …

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. They admit C into the firm for 3/7th profits (which he takes 2/7th from A and 1/7th from B) and brings Rs. 6,00,000 as premium out of his share of Rs. 7,20,000. Goodwill account does not appear in the books of A and B.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 6,00,000 
 To Premium of Goodwill A/c   6,00,000
 (Being goodwill brought in by C)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 6,00,000 
 C’s Current A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   4,80,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   2,40,000
 (Being goodwill credited to X and Y in their sacrificing ratio 2:1)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q41 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:1. C is admitted as a partner with 2/9th share; A and B will in future get 4/9…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:1. C is admitted as a partner with 2/9th share; A and B will in future get 4/9th and 3/9th share of profits. C pays Rs. 2,00,000 for goodwill. Pass the necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 2,00,000 
 To Premium of Goodwill A/c   2,00,000
 (Being amount of goodwill brought in by C for his share )    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 2,00,000 
 B’s Current A/cDr. 75,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   2,75,000
 (Being goodwill brought in by C credited to A with goodwill)    
📝 Working Note

Old Ratio = 3 : 1

New Ratio = 4 : 3 : 2

Sacrificing or Gaining Ratio:-

A’s Share = 3/4-3/4=27-16/36=11/36 (Sacrifice)

B’s Share = 1/4-3/9=9-12/36=3/36 (Gain)

C’s Share = 2/9 (Gain)

Sacrificing Ratio = 11/36 :3/36 :2/9

Sacrificing Ratio = 11 : 3 :8/36

Sacrificing Ratio = 11 : 3 : 8

C’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 2,00,000 ×9/2 = Rs. 9,00,000

The amount of goodwill to be contributed by B will be Rs. 9,00,000 ×3/36 = Rs. 75,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q42 Sonu and Monu are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. Tinku is admitted as a partner for which he pays Rs. 60,000 for go…

Sonu and Monu are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. Tinku is admitted as a partner for which he pays Rs. 60,000 for goodwill in cash. Sonu, Monu and Tinku decide to share future profits in equal proportion. You are required to pass necessary journal entries to give effect to the above.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being amount of goodwill brought by Tinku)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 Monu’s Capital A/cDr. 15,000 
 To Sonu’s Capital A/c   75,000
 (Being goodwill adjusted)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sonu = 3/4-1/3=9-4/12=5/12 (Sacrifice)

Monu = 1/4-1/3=3-4/12=-1/12 (Gain)

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Tinku Paid Rs. 60,000 for 1/3rd Share of Profit.

Total Goodwill = Rs. 60,000 × 3/1 = Rs. 1,80,000

Monu’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 1,80,000 × 1/12 = Rs. 15,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q43 A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1. They admitted D for 1/6th share in the profits. The new …

A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:2:1. They admitted D for 1/6th share in the profits. The new profit sharing ratio will be 13: 8:4:5 respectively. D brought Rs. 5,00,000 for his capital and Rs. 60,000 for his share of goodwill. Pass necessary entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Cash A/cDr. 5,00,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   5,00,000
 (Being capital brought in by C )    
 Bank A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Premium of Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being C brought his share of goodwill in Cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 A’s Current A/cDr. 12,000 
 To B’s Capital A/c   48,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   24,000
 (Being Z’s Share and goodwill transferred to X’s Capital Account)    
📝 Working Note

Old ratio = 2:2:1

New ratio = 13:8:4:5

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio - New Ratio

A's Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-13/30=12 - 13/30=-1/30(Gain)

B's Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-8/30=12 - 8/30=4/30 (Sacrifice)

C's Sacrificing Ratio = 1/5-4/30=6 - 4/30=2/30 (Sacrifice)

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q44 A and B are partners in a firm and their profit sharing ratio is 2:1. C is admitted as a new partner for 1/4th Share in the profit…

A and B are partners in a firm and their profit sharing ratio is 2:1. C is admitted as a new partner for 1/4th Share in the profits. Following entry is passed when C brought Rs. 1,80,000 as his goodwill and credited to A and B:

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 1,80,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   1,35,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   45,000
 (Being C’s share of goodwill transferred to A and B)   

Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Amount of Goodwill between A and B = 1,35,000 : 45,000

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 1

C is admitted for 1/4th Share.

A Sacrifice = 1/4×3/4=3/16

B Sacrifice = 1/4×1/4=1/16

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

A’s New Share = 2/3-3/16=32-9/48=23/48

B’s New Share = 1/3-1/16=16-3/48=13/48

C’s Share = 1×12/4×12=12/48

Hence, the new profit sharing ratio is 23:13:12.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q45 X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. Z is admitted as a partner for 1/3rd share in future profits. Following …

X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. Z is admitted as a partner for 1/3rd share in future profits. Following journal entry is passed at the time of Z’s admission:

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   20,000
 (Amount brought in by Z towards share of goodwill)   
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 20,000 
 Z’s Current A/cDr. 10,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Z’s share of goodwill transferred to X’s Capital Account)   
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 7,500 
 To X’s Capital A/c   7,500
 (Adjustment made due to change in profit sharing ratio)   
     

Ascertain the following:

(i) Value of Firm’s Goodwill,

(ii) Sacrifice or Gain by X and Y and

(iii) New Profit Sharing Ratio of X, Y and Z.

✅ Solution

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Z’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 10,000 = Rs. 30,000

Total Firms Goodwill = Rs. 30,000 × 3/1 = Rs. 90,000

X’s Sacrifice = (From Z)Rs. 30,000 and (From Y) Rs. 7,500

X’s Sacrifice = Rs. 37,500

Sacrifice Share = 37,500/90,000=5/12 (Sacrifice)

Y’s Gain = Rs. 7,500

Sacrifice Share = 7,500/90,000=1/12 (Sacrifice)

New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

X’s New Share = Old Share – Sacrifice

X’s New Share = 3/45/12=9-5/12=4/12

Y’s New Share = Old Share + Gain

Y’s New Share = 1/4 + 1/12=3+1/12=4/12

Z’s New Share = 4/12

Hence, The New Profit Sharing Ratio of X:Y:Z is 4:4:4 or 1:1:1.

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q46 Pass journal entries to record the following transactions on the admission of a new partner: (i) Land and Building is undervalued …

Pass journal entries to record the following transactions on the admission of a new partner:

(i) Land and Building is undervalued by Rs. 2,00,000

(ii) Stock is overvalued by 20% (Book Value of Stock Rs. 60,000)

(iii) Provision to be made for compensation of Rs. 20,000 to an ex-employee.

(iv) Sundry Debtors appeared in the books at Rs. 1,50,000. They are estimated to

produce not more than Rs. 1,30.000

(v) Creditors include an amount of Rs. 10,000 received as commission.

(vi) A bill of exchange of Rs. 40,000 which was previously discounted with the banker, was dishonoured on 31st March, 2018 but no entry has been passed for it.

(vii) Value of Machinery is to be decreased to Rs. 1,20,000 (Book Value Rs. 2,00,000). (viii) Value of Machinery is to be decreased by Rs. 1,20,000 (Book Value Rs. 2,00,000)

(ix) Expenses on revaluation amount to Rs. 8,000 have been paid by partner X.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Land and Building A/cDr. 2,00,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   2,00,000
 (Being value of Land and Building increased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Stock A/c   10,000
 (Being Value of Stock decreased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Provision for Compensation A/c   20,000
 (Being provision made for compensation to Ex-employee)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c   20,000
 (Being Provision made for doubtful debts)    
 Creditors A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   10,000
 (Being commission received credited to revaluation a/c)    
 Sundry Debtors A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Bank A/c   40,000
 (Being Dishonour of B/R discounted with the bank)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 80,000 
 To Machinery A/c   80,000
 (Being value of Machinery decreased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Machinery A/c   1,20,000
 (Being Value of Machinery decreased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 8,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   8,000
 (Being Expenses on revaluation paid by X)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q47 Ayushi and Shristhi are partners sharing profits in 3:2. Their Balance Sheet showed Stock at Rs. 3,10,000; Machinery at Rs. 4,95,0…

Ayushi and Shristhi are partners sharing profits in 3:2. Their Balance Sheet showed Stock at Rs. 3,10,000; Machinery at Rs. 4,95,000; Debtors at Rs. 6,00,000; Creditors at Rs. 3,47,000. They admit Tina as a partner and new profit sharing ratio is agreed at 4:3:2. Following terms were agreed:

(i) Machinery is overvalued by 10%.

(ii) Unrecorded debtors of Rs. 20,000 be brought into books and provision for doubtful debts be created at 10%.

(iii) Creditors of Rs. 27,000 are not likely to be paid.

Shristhi’s share in loss on revaluation amounted to Rs. 36,000. You are required to calculate the revalued value of stock.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Machinery A/c45,000By Unrecorded Debtors A/c20,000
To Stock A/c30,000By Creditors A/c27,000
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c62,000By loss on Revaluation A/c 
  Ayushi’s Capital A/c54,000 
  Shrishthi’s Capital A/c36,00090,000
 1,37,000 1,37,000
📝 Working Note

Total Loss on Revaluation from Shrithi’s = Rs. 36,000 × 5/2 = Rs. 90,000

Machinery = Rs. 4,95,000 × 10/110 = Rs. 45,000

Total Debtors = Rs. 6,00,000 + Rs. 20,000

Provision for Doubtful Debts = Rs. 6,20,000 × 10/100 = Rs. 62,000

Creditors (Not likely to paid):- Rs. 27,000

Total Amount on Debit Side = Rs. 45,000 + Rs. 62,000 = Rs. 1,07,000

Total Amount on Credit Side = Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 27,000 = Rs. 47,000

Net Loss = Rs. 1,07,000 – Rs. 47,000

Net Loss = Rs. 60,000

Total Loss on Revaluation = Rs. 90,000

Loss on Stock = Rs. 90,000 – Rs. 60,000

Loss on Stock = Rs. 30,000

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q48 On the date of admission of a new partner, the Balance Sheet of a firm showed Debtors Rs. 5,00,000 and Provision for Doubtful Debt…

On the date of admission of a new partner, the Balance Sheet of a firm showed Debtors Rs. 5,00,000 and Provision for Doubtful Debts of Rs. 40,000.

You are required to pass necessary journal entries for treatment of Provision for Doubtful Debts on the date of admission in each of the following cases:

(i) Bad Debts amounted to Rs. 30,000.

(ii) Bad Debts amounted to Rs. 45,000.

✅ Solution

Case (i) Bad Debts amounted to Rs. 30,000.

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Bad Debts A/c   30,000
 (Being bad debts written off)    
 Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   10,000
 (Being excess of provision transfer to revaluations Account)    
      

Case (ii) Bad Debts amounted to Rs. 45,000.

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Bad Debts A/c   40,000
 (Being bad debts written off)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 5,000 
 To Bad Debts A/c   5,000
 (Being excess to bad debts amount transfer to revaluation account)    
      
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q49 A and B were in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 1. On 1st April, 2024 they admit C as a partner on the …

A and B were in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 1. On 1st April, 2024 they admit C as a partner on the following terms :

(a) That C brings Rs. 1,00,000 as his capital and Rs. 50,000 for goodwill, half of which to be withdrawn by A and B.

(b) That the value of land and buildings to be appreciated by 15 per cent and that of stocks and machinery & fixtures to be reduced by 7 and 5 per cent respectively.

(c) That provision for doubtful debts be made at 5 percent

(d) That Rs.15,000 be provided for an unforeseen liability.

(e) That C to be given 1/5th share and the profit sharing ratio between A and B to remain the same.

(f) That Rs. 11,000 is to be received as commission, hence to be accounted for.

The Balance Sheet of the old partnership as at 31st March 2024 stood as:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Sundry Creditors3,50,000Cash in hand4,00,000
Capital Accounts:
 A 4,00,000
B 2,00,000
6,00,000Book Debts
Stock
Machinery & Fixtures
2,00,000
1,80,000
2,00,000
  Land & Building3,30,000
 9,50,000 9,50,000

Give necessary Journal entries, ledger accounts and the balance sheet of the newly constituted firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Revaluation A/cDr. 32,600 
 To Stock A/c   12,600
 To Machinery and Fixtures A/c   10,000
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c   10,000
 (Being value of assets and provision made for doubtful debts)    
 Land and Building A/cDr. 49,500 
 To Revaluation A/c   49,500
 (Being value of land and building increased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 15,000 
 To Unforeseen Liability A/c   15,000
 (Being provision of liability)    
 Accrued Commission A/cDr. 11,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   11,000
 (Being Accrued income)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 12,900 
 To A’s Capital A/c   9,675
 To B’s Capital A/c   3,225
 (Being revaluation profit transfer to partner’s capital account )    
 Cash A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To Premium for goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being capital and premium for goodwill brought in cash by C)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   37,500
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,500
 (Being premium for goodwill credited to old partner’s capital)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 18,750 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 6,250 
 To Cash A/c   25,000
 (Being half of premium for goodwill withdrawn by old partners)    

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Stock A/c12,600By Land and building A/c49,500
To Machinery and Fixtures A/c10,000By Accrued Commission A/c11,000
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c10,000  
To Unforeseen Liability A/c15,000  
To Profit transferred to Capital A/c   
A9,675   
B3,22512,900  
 60,500 60,500

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsABCParticularsABC
To Cash A/c18,7506,250-By Balance b/d4,00,0002,00,000-
To Balance C/d4,28,4252,09,4751,00,000By Revaluation A/c9,6753,225 
    By Cash A/c--1,00,000
    By Premium for Goodwill A/c37,50012,500-
        
         
         
 4,47,1752,15,7251,00,000 4,47,1752,15,7251,00,000

Balance Sheet

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors3,50,000Cash in hand1,65,000
Unforeseen Liability15,000Book Debts2,00,000 
Capital Lees: Provision for DD10,0001,90,000
A4,28,425 Stock1,67,400
B2,09,475 Accrued Commission11,000
C1,00,0007,37,900Machinery & Fixtures1,90,000
   Land and Building3,79,500
 11,02,900 11,02,900
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Cash Balance:-

Opening Balance40,000
Add: Amount of Capital brought in by the new partner in cash1,00,000
Add: Amount of Goodwill brought in by the new partner in cash50,000
 1,90,000
Less: Amount of goodwill withdrawn by the old partners in cash25,000
Closing Balance of Cash1,65,000
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q50 Khushi and Sukhi are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5:4. On April 1, 2024, they admit Muskan as a new partner …

Khushi and Sukhi are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5:4. On April 1, 2024, they admit Muskan as a new partner and the new ratio is agreed at 3:2:1. On that date there was a balance of Rs. 63,000 in the profit and loss account and a balance of Rs. 45,000 in general reserve. Record the necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Profit and Loss A/cDr. 63,000 
 To Khushi’s Capital A/c   63,000
 To Sukhi’s Capital A/c    
 (Being profits transfer to old partner’s capital account)    
 General Reserve A/cDr. 45,000 
 To Khushi’s Capital A/c   25,000
 To Sukhi’s Capital A/c   20,000
 (Being General Reserve transfer to old partners capital account)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q51 A and B were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 7 : 3. On 1-3-2024, they admitted C as a new partner for 1/6th sha…

A and B were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 7 : 3. On 1-3-2024, they admitted C as a new partner for 1/6th share in the profits of the firm. They fixed the new profit sharing ratio as 3:2 : 1. The P & L A/c on the date of admission showed a balance of Rs. 20,000 (Cr.). The firm also had a reserve of Rs. 1,50,000. C is to bring Rs. 40,000 as premium for his share of goodwill.

Showing your calculations clearly, pass necessary journal entries to record the above transactions.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Profit and Loss A/cDr. 20,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   14,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   6,000
 (Being profit transfer to old partner’s capital account)    
 Reserve A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   1,05,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   45,000
 (Being Reserve transferred to old partner’s capital account)    
 Bank A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   40,000
 (Being premium for goodwill brought by C)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 B’s Capital A/c  8,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   48,000
 (Being premium for goodwill brought by C credited to A along with 1/30 of the goodwill to be contributed by B due to gain in his profit sharing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Old Ratio of A and B = 7 : 3

New Ratio of A, B and C = 3:2:1

Calculation of Sacrificing and Gaining Ratio:-

A’s Ratio = 7/10-3/6=21-15/30=6/30(Sacrifice)

B’s Ratio = 3/10-2/6=9-10/30=1/30(Gain)

B’s Ratio =1/6 (Gain)

Goodwill of the firm = Rs. 40,000 ×6/1 = Rs. 2,40,000

B’s Compensation in Goodwill = Rs. 2,40,000 ×1/30 = Rs. 8,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q52 X and Y are partners in a firm. On 1st April, 2023, they admitted Z as a partner and new profit sharing, ratio is agreed at 3:2:1.…

X and Y are partners in a firm. On 1st April, 2023, they admitted Z as a partner and new profit sharing, ratio is agreed at 3:2:1. Their Balance Sheet disclosed ‘Workmen Compensation Reserve’ amounting to Rs. 1,00,000 on this date. Show the Accounting treatment, if

(i) Claim for Workmen Compensation is estimated at Rs. 1,20,000.

(ii) Claim for Workmen Compensation is estimated at Rs. 90,000.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
(Case 1)Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Pro. for Workmen Compensation Claim A/c   1,20,000
 (Being provision made for workmen claim)    
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 10,000 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   20,000
 (Being loss on revaluation transferred to capital account)    
(Case 2)Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Pro. for Workmen Compensation Clam A/c   90,000
 To X’s Capital A/c   5,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   5,000
 (Being Surplus workmen compensation reserve credited to old partner’s capital account)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q53 A, B and C are partners sharing profits in 2:2:1. On 1st April, 2020, they admitted Z for 1/4th share. On the date of admission, t…

A, B and C are partners sharing profits in 2:2:1. On 1st April, 2020, they admitted Z for 1/4th share. On the date of admission, the following items appeared in their Balance Sheet :

General Reserve Rs. 1,50,000

Workmen Compensation Reserve Rs. 40,000

Profit & Loss A/c (Cr.) Rs. 60,000

Advertisement Suspense A/c (Dr.) Rs. 25,000

Pass necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 General Reserve A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 Profit and Loss A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   50,000
 (Being Profit transfer to old partner’s capital account)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 10,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 10,000 
 C’s Capital A/cDr. 5,000 
 To Advertisement Suspense A/c   25,000
 (Being Advertisement Expenses transferred to capital account in old ratio)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q54 A and B sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 decide to admit C for 1/3rd share. On this date, their Balance Sheet disc…

A and B sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 decide to admit C for 1/3rd share. On this date, their Balance Sheet disclosed the following items :

Investments Fluctuation Reserve Rs.40,000

Investments (at cost) Rs. 3,00,000

Show the accounting treatment in the following cases :

Case (i) If the market value of investments is Rs. 2,90,000

Case (ii) If the market value of investments is Rs. 2,45,000

Case (iii) If the market value of investments is Rs. 3,00,000

Case (iv) If the market value of investments is Rs. 3,25,000

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
Case (i)Investment Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Investments A/c   10,000
 To A’s Capital A/c   18,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being investment fluctuation reserve credited to partner’s capital accounts in their old profit sharing ratio)    
Case (ii)Investments Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 Revaluation A/c  15,000 
 To Investments A/c   55,000
 (Being value of investments credited to investment account and excess fall changed to Revaluation account)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 40,000 
 B’s Capital A/c   24,000
 To Revaluation A/c   16,000
 (Being loss on revaluation debited to partners’ capital account in their old profit ratio )    
Case (iii)Investments Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   24,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   16,000
 (Being Investment fluctuation reserve credited to partners’ capital accounts)    
Case (iv)Investments Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   24,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   16,000
 (Being loss on revaluation debited to partners’ capital account in their old profit ratio)    
 Investments A/cDr. 25,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   25,000
 (Being Value of investment brought up to market value)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 25,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   15,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being profit on revaluation credited to partner’s capital accounts in their old profit sharing ratio)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q55 Charu and Deepika were partners sharing profits in the ratio 3 : 2. They admitted Esha, as a new partner and the new ratio is agre…

Charu and Deepika were partners sharing profits in the ratio 3 : 2. They admitted Esha, as a new partner and the new ratio is agreed at 4 : 3 : 2. On the date of Esha's admission, the Balance Sheet of Charu and Deepika disclosed General Reserve Rs. 1,20,000; Dr. balance in Profit & Loss Account Rs. 40,000; Investments Rs. 2,00,000 and Investment Fluctuation Reserve Rs. 60,000.

The following was agreed upon Eshas' admission:

(i) Esha will bring Rs. 3,00,000 as her Capital and her share of goodwill premium in cash.

(ii) Goodwill of the firm be valued Rs. 1,80,000.

(iii) The market value of investments was Rs. 2,30,000.

Pass the necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 General Reserve A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Charu’s Capital A/c   72,000
 To Deepika’s Capital A/c   48,000
 (Being General Reserve distributed between the old partners in their old ratio of 3:2)    
 Charu’s Capital A/cDr. 24,000 
 Deepika’s Capital A/cDr. 16,000 
 To Profit and Loss A/c   40,00
 (Being Loss is distributed between the old partners in their old ratio 3:2)    
 Investment Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Charu’s Capital A/c   36,000
 To Deepika’s Capital A/c   24,000
 (Being Investment Fluctuation Reserve credited to old partners in old ratio 3:2)    
 Investments A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   30,000
 (Being value of investments brought upto market value)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Charu’s Capital A/c   18,000
 To Deepika’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being profit on revaluation credited to old partners in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 3,40,000 
 To Esha’s Capital A/c   3,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   40,000
 (Being Capital and amount of premium for goodwill brought in cash by Esha)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Charu’s Capital A/c   28,000
 To Deepika’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill credited to sacrificed partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Charu’s Share = 3/5-4/9=27-20/45=7/45

Deepika’s Share = 2/5-3/9=18-15/45=3/45

Sacrificing Ratio = 7 : 3

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q56 A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:2:1. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 wa…

A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:2:1. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Creditors20,000Cash & Bank30,000
Bills Payable5,000Debtors60,000
General Reserve40,000Stock1,50,000
Workmen Compensation Reserve35,000Investments (Market Value Rs. 32,000)40,000
Investment Fluctuation Reserve10,000Plant & Machinery2,60,000
Capital Accounts:
 A  2,00,000
 B 1,50,000
C  1,00,000
4,50,000Profit & Loss Account20,000
 5,60,000 5,60,000

They admit D into partnership for 1/4th share on 1st April, 2024. Give necessary journal entries to adjust the accumulated profits and losses.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
2024     
April 1Investment Fluctuation Reserves A/cDr. 8,000 
 To investments A/c   8,000
 (Being Value of Investment brought down to market value)    
 General Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 35,000 
 Investment Fluctuation Reserve A/cDr. 2,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,800
 To B’s Capital A/c   30,800
 To C’s Capital A/c   15,400
 (Being reserves transfer to partners’ capital account)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 8,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 8,000 
 C’s Capital A/cDr. 4,000 
 To Profit & Loss A/c   20,000
 (Being profit transfer to partners’ capital account)    
📌 Teacher's Note
Read the question carefully to check exactly how goodwill and revaluation gains/losses are to be treated — in cash, adjusted through capital accounts, or retained in the business — since the journal entries differ in each case.
Q57 Rani and Seeta were partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:1. They admitted Mona as a new partner from 1st April, 2024. New profi…

Rani and Seeta were partners sharing profits in the ratio 3:1. They admitted Mona as a new partner from 1st April, 2024. New profit sharing ratio is agreed at 3:2:1. On this date, their Balance Sheet disclosed the following items:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
General Reserve5,00,000Profit and Loss (Dr.)
Advertisement Suspense A/c
1,10,000
30,000

Partners decided to record the effect of the above items without affecting their book values. Pass the necessary adjusting entry.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
      
 Seeta’s Capital A/cDr. 30,000 
 Mona’s Capital A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Rani’s Capital A/c   90,000
 (Being adjustment of general reserve and accumulated losses)   
📝 Working Note

Calculate the Sacrificing and Gaining Ratio:-

Rani’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/4-3/6=9-6/12=3/12 (Sacrificing)

Seeta’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/4-2/6=3-4/12=-1/12 (Gain)

Mona’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1×2/6×2=2/12 (Gain)

Net Effect = General Reserve – Profit and Loss (Dr.) – Advertisement Suspense Account

Net Effect = Rs. 5,00,000 – Rs. 1,10,000 – Rs. 30,000

Net Effect = Rs. 3,60,000

Rani’s Share = Rs. 3,60,000 × 3/12 = Rs. 90,000

Seeta’s Share = Rs. 3,60,000 × 1/12 = Rs. 30,000

Mona’s Share = Rs. 3,60,000 × 1/12 = Rs. 60,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q58(A) Vimal and Nirmal are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3: 2.Following was the position of their business as at 31st March, …

Vimal and Nirmal are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3: 2.Following was the position of their business as at 31st March, 2024:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Sundry Creditors20,000Cash14,000
Capital Accounts:
Vimal
Nirmal
60,000
32,000
Debtors
Plant & Machinery
Stock
18,000
50,000
40,000
Profit & Loss A/c20,000Goodwill10,000
 1,32,000 1,32,000

On 1st April, 2024 Kailash agrees to join the business on the following terms and conditions:

(i) He will introduce Rs. 40,000 as his capital and pay $20,000 to the existing partners for his share of goodwill.

(ii) The new profit sharing ratio will be 2:1: 1 respectively for Vimal, Nirmal and Kailash.

(iii) A revaluation of assets will be made by reducing plant and machinery of Rs. 35,000 and stock by 10%. Provision of Rs. 1,000 is to be created for bad and doubts debts.

Pass journal entries for the above arrangements and give the balance sheet of the newly constituted firm. Also specify the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
2024     
April 1Profit and Loss A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Vimal’s Capital A/c   12,000
 To Nirmal’s Capital A/c   8,000
 (Being profit and loss account transfer to partner’s capital account)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Plant & Machinery A/c   15,000
 To Stock A/c   4,000
 To Provision of Doubtful Debts A/c   1,000
 (Being value of assets and provision made for doubtful debts)    
 Vimal’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 Nirmal’s Capital A/cDr. 8,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   20,000
 (Being revaluation loss transfer to capital account)    
 Vimal’s Capital A/cDr. 6,000 
 Nirmal’s Capital A/cDr. 4,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to capital account)    
 Cash A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Kailash’s Capital A/c   40,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   20,000
 (Being Amount capital and goodwill brought in cash by Kailash)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Vimal’s Capital A/c   8,000
 To Nirmal’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being premium for goodwill credited to old partners in the sacrificing ratio 2:3)    

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsVimalNirmalKailashParticularsVimalNirmalKailash
To Revaluation A/c12,0008,000-By Balance b/d60,00032,000-
To Goodwill A/c6,0004,000-By Profit and Loss A/c12,0008,000-
To Balance A/c62,00040,00040,000By Cash A/c--40,000
    By Premium for Goodwill A/c8,00012,000-
        
        
        
 80,00052,00040,000 80,00052,00040,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors20,000Cash74,000
Capital Debtors18,000 
Vimal62,000 Less: Provision for Debtors1,00017,000
Niraml40,000 Stock36,000
Kailash40,0001,42,000Plant & Machinery35,000
 1,62,000 1,62,000
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Charu’s Share = 3/5-2/4=12-10/20=2/20

Deepika’s Share = 2/5-1/4=8-5/20=3/20

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 3

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q58(B) A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 1. They admitted C as a partner by giving him 1/4th share of profits whic…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 1. They admitted C as a partner by giving him 1/4th share of profits which he acquired from A and B the ratio of 2 : 1. C brings in Rs. 1,00,000 as Capital and Rs. 36,000 as goodwill in cash. At the time of admission of C, general reserve appeared in their balance sheet at Rs. 50,000.

Following revaluations are also made:

Value of Plant is to be reduced by Rs. 10,000.

Bad Debts Provision is to be reduced from Rs. 4,000 to Rs. 3,000.

Rs. 2,000 Out of total Creditors of Rs. 20,000 are not to be paid.

There is an outstanding bill for repairs for Rs. 1,200.

Pass necessary journal entries and prepare a Revaluation Account. Also calculate the new profit sharing ratios.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 General Reserve A/cDr. 50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   37,500
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,500
 (Being General Reserve distributed between the old partners in their old ratio)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 11,200 
 To Plant A/c   10,000
 To Outstanding Repairs A/c   1,200
 (Being decrease in the value of plant and provision for outstanding repairs)    
 Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 1,000 
 Creditors A/cDr. 2,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   3,000
 (Being Value of doubtful debts and creditors decrease)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 6,150 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 2,050 
 To Revaluation A/c   8,200
 (Being loss on revaluation transferred to the capital account of old partners)    
 Cash A/cDr. 1,36,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To Goodwill A/c   36,000
 (Being capital and goodwill brought in cash by C)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 36,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   24,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill credited to old partners in the sacrificing ratio)    

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
To Plant A/c10,000By Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c1,000
To Outstanding Repairs A/c1,200By Creditors A/c2,000
  By Loss transferred 
   A’s Capital A/c6,150 
   B’s Capital A/c2,0508,200
 11,200 11,200
📝 Working Note

C’s Share = 1/4

A’s Sacrifice = 2/3 of 1/4 = 2/12

B’s Sacrifice = 2/3 of 1/4 = 1/12

Calculation of New Share:-

A’s New Share =3/4-2/12=9-2/12=7/12

B’s New Share =1/4-1/12=3-1/12=2/12

New Ratio of A, B, and C = 7/12:2/12:1/4

New Ratio of A, B, and C = = 7 : 2 : 3/12

New Ratio of A, B, and C = = 7 : 2 : 3

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q59 X and Y share profits in the ratio of 5 : 3. Their balance sheet as at 31st March, 2024 was as follows: Liabilities Rs.   Rs.…

X and Y share profits in the ratio of 5 : 3. Their balance sheet as at 31st March, 2024 was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs. Rs.
Creditors15,000Cash at Bank5,000
Provident Fund10,000Sundry Debtors 20,000 
Workmen's Compensation Reserve5,800Less : Provision 600
Stock
19,400
25,000
Capitals :
X
Y
70,000
31,000
Fixed Assets
Profit & Loss A/c
80,000
2,400
 1,31,800 1,31,800

They admit Z into partnership on 1st April, 2024 with 1/8th share in profits. Z brings Rs. 20,000 as his capital and Rs. 12,000 for goodwill in cash. Z acquires his share entirely from X.

Following revaluations are also made :

1. Provident fund is to be increased by Rs. 5,000.

2. Debtors are all good. Therefore, no provision is required on debtors

3. Stock includes Rs. 3,000 for obsolete items.

4. Creditors are to be paid Rs. 1,000 more.

5. Fixed Assets are to be revalued at Rs. 70,000.

Prepare Journal entries, necessary accounts and new balance sheet. Also calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
2024     
April 1X’s Capital A/cDr. 1,500 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 900 
 To Profit and Loss A/c   2,400
 (Being debit balance of profit and loss account transferred to partner’s capital account)    
 Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 13,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   3,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being Workmen compensation reserve transfer to old partners capital account)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 6,000 
 To Stock A/c   5,000
 To Fixed Assets A/c   1,000
 (Being value of assets reduced)    
 Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 600 
 To Revaluation A/c   600
 (Being omitting the provision for doubtful debts)    
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 11,500 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 6,900 
 To Revaluation A/c   18,400
 (Being loss on revaluation transfer to old partner’s capital account)    
 Bank A/cDr. 32,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   12,000
 (Being amount of capital and goodwill brought in cash by Z)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 12,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill credited to X’s Capital account)    
      

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
To Stock A/c3,000By Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c600
To Fixed Assets A/c10,000  
To Provident Fund A/c5,000By Loss transferred to: 
To Creditors A/c 1,000X’s Capital A/c11,500 
   Y’s Capital A/c6,90018,400
 19,000 19,000

Partners Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsXYZParticularsXYZ
To Profit and Loss A/c1,500900-By Balance b/d70,00031,000-
To Revaluation A/c11,5006,900-By Workmen’s comp. fund A/c3,6252,175-
To Balance c/d72,62525,37520,000By Bank A/c--20,000
    By Goodwill A/c12,000--
        
        
        
 85,62533,17520,000 85,62533,17520,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors16,000Cash at Bank37,000
Provident Fund15,000Sundry Debtors20,000
Capital Stock 22,000
X72,625 Fixed Assets 70,000
Y25,375   
Z20,0001,18,000  
 1,49,000 1,49,000
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

X’s Share = 3/5-2/4=12-10/20=2/20

Y’s Share = 3/8

Z’s Share = 1/8

Sacrificing Ratio = 4 : 3 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q60 X and Y are partners. They admit Z as a partner and new profit sharing ratio is agreed at 3:2:1. Z brings in Capital of Rs.1,50,00…

X and Y are partners. They admit Z as a partner and new profit sharing ratio is agreed at 3:2:1. Z brings in Capital of Rs.1,50,000 and Rs. 40,000 as premium for goodwill in Cash.

Their Balance Sheet was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs. Rs.
Creditors40,000Cash and Bank44,000
Capital A/c Debtors2,00,000 
X4,00,000 Less: Provision14,0001,86,000
Y2,50,0006,50,000Stock2,50,000
Current A/c Machinery1,20,000
X30,000 Building2,00,000
Y10,00040,000  
Workmen Compensation Reserve70,000  
    
 8,00,000 8,00,000

The assets and liabilities are revalue as under:

(i) Provision for Doubtful Debts is to maintained @5% debtors.

(ii) Building was found under-valued by 20% and Machinery overvalued by 20%.

(iii) Part of the stock which had been included at a cost of Rs. 10,000 had been badly damaged in storage and could only expect to realise Rs. 2,000.

(iv) Creditors were written of Rs. 6,000.

Pass necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
      
1.Building A/cDr. 50,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   50,000
 (Being value of Building undervalued by 20%)    
2.Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 4,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   4,000
 (Being excess provision written back)    
3.Creditors A/cDr. 6,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   6,000
 (Being creditors written off)    
4.Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Machinery A/c   20,000
 (Being value of Machinery overvalued)    
5.Revaluation A/cDr. 8,000 
 To Stock A/c   8,000
 (Being stock damaged)    
6.Revaluation A/cDr. 32,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   16,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   16,000
 (Being profit on revaluation distributed between X and Y equally)    
7.Bank A/cDr. 1,90,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   1,50,000
 To Provision For Goodwill A/c   40,000
 (Being Z bring his share of Capital and Goodwill in cash)    
8.Provision For Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   40,000
 (Being Premium for Goodwill credited to X)    
9.Workmen Compensation Reserve A/cDr. 70,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   35,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   35,000
 (Being workmen compensation reserve distributed to partners in old ratio)    
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q61 A and B are in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 1. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st Jan., 2024 was as foll…

A and B are in partnership sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 1. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st Jan., 2024 was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Capital Accounts:
 A 4,50,000
 B 2,00,000
6,50,000Cash at Bank
Sundry Debtors
Stock
34,000
1,66,000
2,60,000
Sundry Creditors30,000Fixed Assets2,20,000
 6,80,000 6,80,000

As from 1st February, 2024 they agree to admit C as a partner. Share of A, B and e new firm will be 3:2:1 respectively. C to contribute Rs. 1,20,000 as his capital and Rs. 30,000 as his share of goodwill. The value of the fixed assets of the firm will be increased by 10 % before the admission of C.

Pass entries and prepare the opening balance sheet of the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
2024     
Feb. 1Fixed Assets A/cDr. 22,000 
 To Revaluation A/c   22,000
 (Being value of fixed assets increase)    
Feb. 1Revaluation A/cDr. 22,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   16,500
 To B’s Capital A/c   5,500
 (Being value of revaluation transfer)    
Feb. 1Bank A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,20,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   30,000
 (Being amount brought in by C for his capital and goodwill)    
Feb. 1Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 30,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being goodwill credited to sacrificing partner A)    
Feb. 1B’s Capital A/cDr. 15,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   15,000
 (Being adjustment for goodwill on acquiring 1/12th share by B from A)    

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors30,000Cash at Bank1,84,000
Capital Sundry Debtors1,66,000
A5,11,500 Stock 2,60,000
B1,90,500 Fixed Assets 2,42,000
C1,20,0008,22,000  
     
 8,52,000 8,52,000
📝 Working Note

Old Ratio A and B = 3 : 1

New Ratio A, Band C = 3 : 2 : 1

Sacrificing and Gaining Ratio:-

A’s Share = 3/4-3/6=9-6/12=3/12 (Sacrifice)

B’s Share = 1/4-2/6=3-4/12=1/12 (Gain)

C’s Share = 1/6

Value of Goodwill of Firm = Rs. 30,000 × 6/1 = Rs. 1,80,000

Compensation paid by B = Rs. 1,80,000 × 1/12= Rs. 15,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q62 Gautam and Rahul are partners in a firm, sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:3. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 202…

Gautam and Rahul are partners in a firm, sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 2:3. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2020, was as follows:

BALANCE SHEET

as at 31st March, 2023

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Sundry Creditors5,000Goodwill10,000
Bills Payable15,000Furniture25,000
General Reserve10,000Stock15,000
Capital A/cs:
Gautam  30,000
 Rahul 40,000
70,000Sundry Debtors  12,000Less : Provision for
Doubtful Debts  2,000
10,000
  Cash in hand40,000
 1,00,000 1,00,000

Karim was to be taken as a partner with effect from 1st April. 2020, on the following terms:

(a) The new profit sharing ratio of Gautam, Rahul and Karim would be 5:3:2

(b) Provision for Doubtful Debts would be raised to 20% of debtors.

(c) Karim would bring in cash, his share of capital of Rs. 40,000 and his share of goodwill valued at Rs. 10,000.

(d) Gautam would take over the furniture at Rs. 22,000.

You are required to:

i) Pass journal entries at the time of Karim's admission.

ii) Prepare the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
2023     
April 1Revaluation A/cDr. 3,400 
 To Provision for doubtful debts A/c   400
 To Furniture A/c   3,000
 (Being assets and liabilities revalue)    
 Gautam’s Capital A/cDr. 1,360 
 Rahul’s Capital A/cDr. 2,040 
 To Revaluation A/c   3,400
 (Being loss on revaluation distributed to old partners)    
 Gautam’s Capital A/cDr. 22,000 
 To Furniture A/c   22,000
 (Being furniture taken by Gautam)    
 General Reserve A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Gautam’s Capital A/c   4,000
 To Rahul’s Capital A/c   6,000
 (Being General Reserve transferred to old partner’s capital account)    
 Gautam’s Capital A/cDr. 4,000 
 Rahul’s Capital A/cDr. 6,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill written off from the capital accounts of the old partners in the old ratio)    
 Cash A/cDr. 50,000 
 To Karim’s Capital A/c   40,000
 To Goodwill A/c   10,000
 (Being capital and goodwill brought in cash)    
 Gautam’s Capital A/cDr. 5,000 
 Goodwill A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Rahul’s Capital A/c   15,000
 (Being Rahul compensated for sacrifice of 3/10 share of profit)    

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors5,000Stock15,000
Bills Payable15,000Cash in hand90,000
Capital Sundry Debtors12,000 
Gautam1,640 Less: Provision for DD2,4009,600
Rahul52,960    
Kairm40,00094,600  
 1,14,600 1,14,600
📝 Working Note

Old Ratio Gautam and Rahul = 2 : 3

New Ratio Gautam, Rahul and Kabir = 5 : 3 : 2

Sacrificing and Gaining Ratio:-

Gautam’s Share = 2/5-5/10=4-5/10=1/12 (Gain)

Rahul’s Share = 3/5-3/10=6-3/10=3/10 (Sacrifice)

Kabir’s Share = 2/10

Value of Goodwill of Firm = Rs. 10,000 × 10/2 = Rs. 50,000

Compensation paid by B = Rs. 50,000 × 1/10= Rs. 5,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsGautamRahulKarimParticularsGautamRahulKarim
To Revaluation A/c1,3602,040-By Balance b/d30,00040,000-
To Furniture A/c22,000--By General Res. A/c4,0006,000-
To Goodwill A/c4,0006,000-By Cash A/c--40,000
To Balance c/d1,64052,96040,000By Gautam’s A/c-5,000-
    By Goodwill A/c-10,000-
        
 34,00061,00040,000 34,00061,00040,000
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q63 Aman and Biswas were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admitted Chetan as a new partner for 25% share.…

Aman and Biswas were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admitted Chetan as a new partner for 25% share. Balance sheet of Aman and Biswas was as follows as at March 31, 2023.

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Creditors50,000Bank40,000
Employees’ Provident Fund60,000Stock60,000
General Reserve40,000Debtors1,00,000 
 Investment Fluctuation Reserve50,000Less: Provision for DD(10,000)90,000
 Aman’s Capital 2,00,000 Furniture1,20,000
 Biswas’s Capital 1,50,0003,50,000Building1,60,000
 Investment50,000
 Goodwill30,000
 5,50,000 5,50,000

Chetan was admitted on the following terms:

(i) Market value of Investment is Rs. 20,000.

(ii) There was a bad debts amounting to Rs. 6,000 and provision for Doubtful Debts is to be maintained at Rs. 9,000.

(iii) Building was undervalued by 20%.

(iv) Stock was overvalued by 20%.

(v) Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 1,00,000 and Chetan brings his share of goodwill in cash.

(vi) Chetan was to bring Rs. 1,30,000 as Capital.

Prepare Revaluation Account and Partners Capital Accounts.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
To Stock A/c10,000By Building A/c40,000
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c5,000  
To Profit and revaluation A/c   
Aman15,000    
Biswas10,00025,000   
 40,000 40,000

Partners Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsAmanBiswasChetanParticularsAmanBiswasChetan
To Goodwill A/c18,00012,000-By Balance b/d2,00,0001,50,000 
To Balance c/d2,48,0001,82,0001,30,000By Revaluation A/c15,00010,000 
    By Pre. For Goodwill15,00010,000 
    By General Reserve24,00016,000 
    By IFR A/c12,0008,000 
    By Bank A.\/c  1,30,000
 2,66,0001,94,0001,30,000 2,66,0001,94,0001,30,000
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q64 X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5: 3. On 31st March, 2024, their Balance Sheet was as un…

X and Y are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5: 3. On 31st March, 2024, their Balance Sheet was as under:

LiabilitiesAmount
(Rs.)
AssetsAmount
(Rs.)
Creditors50,000Bank29,000
Provident Fund15,000Debtors1,80,000
Workmen's Compensation Reserve40,000Stock1,25,000
Capitals A/cs :
 X 2,60,000
Y  1,35,000
3,95,000Premises
Advertisement Expenses
1,50,000
16,000
 5,00,000 5,00,000

On 1st April, 2024, Z is admitted as a partner. X surrenders 1/4th of his share and Y 1/3rd of his share in favour of Z. Goodwill is valued at Rs. 1,60,000. Z brings in only 2/5th of his share of goodwill in cash and Rs. 1,50,000 as his capital Following terms are agreed upon:

(i) Premises is to be increased to Rs. 2,00,000 and stock by Rs. 5,000.

(ii) Creditors proved at Rs. 60,000, one bill for goods purchased having been omitted from the books.

(iii) Outstanding rent amounted to Rs. 12,000 and prepaid salaries Rs. 2,000.

(iv) Liability on account of provident fund was only Rs. 10,000.

(v) Liability for Workmen's Compensation Claim was Rs. 16,000.

Prepare Revaluation A/c, Capital A/cs and the opening Balance sheet. Also calculate the new profit sharing ratios.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Creditors10,000By Premises50,000
To Outstanding Rent12,000By Stock5,000
To Profit transferred: By Prepaid Salaries2,000
X’s Capital A/c25,000 By Provident Fund 5,000
Y’s Capital A/c15,00040,000   
 62,000 62,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsXYZParticularsXYZ
To Advertisement A/c10,0006,000-By Balance b/d2,60,0001,35,000-
To Balance c/d3,15,0001,73,0001,50,000By Workmen Com. Res. A/c15,0009,000-
    By Revaluation A/c25,00015,000-
    By Goodwill A/c10,0008,000-
    By Z’s Current A/c15,00012,000 
    By Bank A/c--1,50,000
 3,25,0001,79,0001,50,000 3,25,0001,79,0001,50,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors60,000Bank (29,000 + 18,000 + 1,50,000)1,97,000
Outstanding Rent12,000Debtors1,80,000
Provident Fund10,000Stock1,30,000
Workmen Compensation Claim16,000Premises2,00,000
Capital Prepaid Salaries 2,000
X3,15,000 Z’s Current A/c 27,000
Y1,73,000    
Z1,50,0006,38,000  
 7,36,000 7,36,000
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

X’s Surrenders = 1/4th of 5/8 in favour of Z

X’s Surrenders = 1/4×5/8=5/32

Y’s Surrenders = 1/3th of 5/8 in favour of Z

Y’s Surrenders = 1/3×3/8=3/32=1/8

Sacrificing Ratio = 5/32 : 1/8

Sacrificing Ratio = 5 : 4/32

Sacrificing Ratio = 5 : 4

Calculation of New Ratio:-

X’s New Ratio = 5/8-5/32=20 – 5/32=15/32

Y’s New Ratio = 3/8-1/8=3 – 1/8=2/8

Z’s Share = 5/32+1/8=5+ 4/32=9/32

New Ratio = 15/32:2/8:9/32

New Ratio = 15 : 8 : 9/32

New Ratio = 15 : 8 : 9

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Z’s Goodwill = Rs. 1,60,000 ×9/32 = Rs. 45,000

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q65(A) Hemant and Nishant were partners in the firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their capitals were Rs 1,60,000 and Rs 1,00,000 …

Hemant and Nishant were partners in the firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their capitals were Rs 1,60,000 and Rs 1,00,000 respectively. They admitted Somesh on 1st April 2013 as a new partner for 1/5 share in the future profits. Somesh brought Rs 1,20,000 as his capital. Calculate the value of goodwill of the firm and record necessary journal entries for the above transactions on Somesh's admission.

✅ Solution
Journal Entry
DateParticularsL.F.Debit
Rs
Credit
Rs
 Cash A/c           Dr.
To Somesh’s Capital A/c
(Being Somesh brought his share of capital in cash)
 1,20,0001,20,000
 Somesh’s Capital A/c      Dr.
To Hemant’s Capital A/c
To Naresh’s Capital A/c
(Being the share of goodwill brought by Somesh, distributed among sacrificing partners in sacrificing ratio 3:2)
 44,00026,400
17,600
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q65(B) X and Y are partners with capital of Rs. 13,00,000 and Rs. 20,00.000 They share profits in the ratio of 1 : 2. They admit Z as a p…

X and Y are partners with capital of Rs. 13,00,000 and Rs. 20,00.000 They share profits in the ratio of 1 : 2. They admit Z as a partner with 1/5th share in the profits of the firm. Z brings in Rs. 12,00,000 as his share of capital. The Profit and Loss Account showed a credit balance of Rs. 6,00,000 as on the date of admission of Z. Give the necessary Journal entries to record the goodwill.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 12,00,000 
 ToZ’s Capital A/c   12,00,000
 (Being Cash brought in by Z as his capital)    
 Z’s Capital A/cDr. 1,80,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   60,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   1,20,000
 (Being goodwill credited to X and Y on Z’s admission)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Hidden Goodwill

Total Capital of the firm = Rs. 13,00,000 + Rs. 20,00,000 + Rs. 12,00,000 = Rs. 45,00,000

Total Capital of the firm based on Z’s Capital = 12,00,000 ×5/1 = Rs. 60,00,000

Goodwill of the firm = Rs. 60,00,000 – Rs. 45,00,000 = Rs. 15,00,000

Hidden Goodwill = Goodwill of the firm – Showing in P & L

Hidden Goodwill = Rs. 15,00,000 – Rs. 6,00,000

Hidden Goodwill = Rs. 9,00,000

Z’s Share of Goodwill = Rs. 9,00,000 ×1/5 = 1,80,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q66 A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1:1. Their respective capitals were A Rs. 3,00,000, B Rs. 2,0…

A, B and C were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1:1. Their respective capitals were A Rs. 3,00,000, B Rs. 2,00,000 and C Rs. 1,80,000. On 1st April 2018 they admitted D as a new partner. D brought Rs. 2,00,000 for his capital and necessary amount for his share of goodwill premium. The new profit sharing ratio between A, B, C and D will be 1:2:1:1.

Pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm D's admission.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Goodwill A/cDr. 24,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 18,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   36,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   6,000
 (Being B’s share of goodwill credited to A and C in their sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Hidden Goodwill

Net Worth = Rs. 3,00,000 + Rs. 2,00,000 + Rs. 1,80,000 + Rs. 2,00,000

Net Worth = Rs. 8,80,000

Total Capital of the firm based on D’s Capital = 2,00,000 ×5/1 = Rs. 10,00,000

Hidden Goodwill = Rs. 10,00,000 – Rs. 8,80,000 = Rs. 1,20,000

D’s Share of Goodwill = Rs. 1,20,000 ×1/5 = 24,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q67 Following is the Balance Sheet of X and Y who share profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2 as at 31st March, 2022: Liabilities Rs.…

Following is the Balance Sheet of X and Y who share profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2 as at 31st March, 2022:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Sundry Creditors80,000Cash at Bank20,000
Reserve1,00,000Debtors70,000
Profit & Loss Account40,000Stock1,80,000
Capital Accounts:
X  2,70,000
 Y 1,60,000
4,30,000Machinery
Goodwill
3,50,000
30,000
 6,50,000 6,50,000

On 1st April 2018, Z is admitted as a new partner. X surrenders 1/3rd of his share and Y surrenders1/4th of his share in favour of Z. Z brings in Rs. 3,60,000 for his share of Capital. Pass journal entries for recording goodwill.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 18,000 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   30,000
 (Being goodwill written off in old ratio of 3:2)    
 Z’s Capital A/cDr. 90,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   60,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Being Z’s share of goodwill credited to sacrificing partners capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Hidden Goodwill

Net Worth = Rs. 2,70,000 + Rs. 1,60,000 + Rs. 1,00,000 + Rs. 40,000 – Rs. 30,000 + Rs. 3,60,000(Z’s Capital)

Net Worth = Rs. 9,00,000

Total Capital of the firm based on Z’s Capital = 3,60,000 ×10/3 = Rs. 12,00,000

Hidden Goodwill of the firm = Rs. 12,00,000 – Rs. 9,00,000 = Rs. 3,00,000

Z’s Share of Goodwill = Rs. 3,00,000 ×3/10 = 90,000

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

X’s Surrenders = 1/3of3/5=3/15=1/5

Y’s Surrenders = 1/4of2/5=2/20=1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 1/5 : 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q68 A, B and C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 6:3:1. Their respective capitals are A Rs. 5,00,000; B Rs. 4,00…

A, B and C are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 6:3:1. Their respective capitals are A Rs. 5,00,000; B Rs. 4,00,000 and C Rs. 2,00,000. They decide to admit D into partnership and the new profit sharing ratio is agreed at 3:3:3:1.

D brings Rs. 1,50,000 as his capital and his share of goodwill in cash. At the time of D’s admission:

(a) The firm had a Workmen Compensation Reserve of Rs. 1,00,000 against which there was a claim of Rs. 1,20,000.

(b) Advertisement Suspense A/c (Dr.) balance appeared in their books at Rs. 30,000.

(c) Contingency Reserve appeared at Rs. 60,000.

You are required to prepare necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 1,75,000 
 To D’s Capital A/c   1,50,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   25,000
 (Being Capital and Share of goodwill brought by D)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 25,000 
 C’s Capital A/c  50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   75,000
 (Being share of goodwill credited to A and C’s Gaining share debited to his account)    
 Workmen compensation Reserve A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 Revaluation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Workmen Compensation Claim A/c   1,20,000
 (Being Claim on workmen compensation claim)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 18,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 9,000 
 C’s Capital A/cDr. 3,000 
 To Advertisement Suspense A/c   30,000
 (Being advertisement suspense account written off)    
 Contingency Reserve A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   36,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   18,000
 To C’s Capital A/c   6,000
 (Being contingency reserve distributed to old partners)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrifice = 6/10-3/10= 3/10 (Sacrificing Ratio)

B’s Sacrifice = 3/10-3/10= 0

C’s Sacrifice = 1/10-3/10= -2/10 (Gaining Ratio)

D’s Gaining Ratio = 1/10

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Total capital of the firm according to new partner = Rs. 1,50,000 × 10/1

Total capital of the firm according to new partner = Rs. 15,00,000

Actual Capital of the firm = Rs. 5,00,000 + Rs. 4,00,000 + Rs. 2,00,000 + Rs. 1,50,000

Actual Capital of the firm = Rs. 12,50,000

Hidden Goodwill = Rs. 15,00,000 – Rs. 12,50,000

Hidden Goodwill = Rs. 2,50,000

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q69(A) Nem and Khem sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 admit Prem as a Partner with 1/3 share in profits. He had to contribute proport…

Nem and Khem sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 admit Prem as a Partner with 1/3 share in profits. He had to contribute proportionate capital. They had following financial position.

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Creditors40,000Cash at bank50,000
Reserve Fund50,000Debtors60,000
Capitals :
Nem
Khem
50,000
40,000
Stock
Plant and Machinery
35,000
80,000
 1,80,000 1,80,000

They agreed to admit Prem as a partner on the following terms :

(1) Plant and Machinery to be reduced by 10%

(2) Stock to be increased by Rs. 3,000.

(3) Bad debts provision was to be created at 5%.

(4) Accrued incomes not appearing in the books Rs. 900.

(5) Prem was to introduce Rs. 20,000 as premium for goodwill for 1/3rd share of the future profits of the firm.

Prepare Profit and Loss Adjustment Account, Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet of the new firm. Also calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Plant and Machinery A/c8,000By Stock A/c3,000
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c3,000By Accrued income A/c900
  By Loss transferred to: 
   Nem’s Capital A/c4,260 
   Khem’s Capital A/c2,8407,100
      
 11,000 11,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsNemKhemPremParticularsNemKhemPrem
To Revaluation A/c4,2602,840-By Balance b/d50,00040,000-
To Balance c/d87,74065,16076,450By Reserve Fund A/c30,00020,000-
    By Goodwill A/c12,0008,000-
    By Bank A/c--76,450
 92,00068,00076,450 92,00068,00076,450

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors40,000Cash1,01,450
Capital Sundry Debtors60,000 
Nem87,740 Less: Provision3,00057,000
Khem65,160 Stock 38,000
Prem76,4502,29,350Accrued Income900
   Plant and Machinery72,000
 2,69,350 2,69,350
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Capital:-

Capital of Nem and Khem = Rs. 87,740 + Rs. 65,160 = Rs. 1,52,900

Total Capital of the firm = Rs. 1,52,900×3/2 = Rs. 2,29,350

Prem’s Capital for 1/3rd share = Rs. 2,29,350 ×1/3 = Rs. 76,450

Calculation of New Ratio:-

Prem’s Ratio = 1/3

Remaining Ratio = 1-1/3 = 2/3

Nem’s New Share = 3/5 of 2/3 = 6/15

Khem’s New Share = 2/5 of 2/3 = 4/15

Prem’s Ratio = 1/3

New Ratio = 6/15 :4/15:1/3

New Ratio = 6 : 4 : 5/15

New Ratio = 6 : 4 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q69(B) Mohan and Sohan are in partnership sharing profits in the proportion of 3/5 and 2/5 respectively. The Balance Sheet is as follows:…

Mohan and Sohan are in partnership sharing profits in the proportion of 3/5 and 2/5 respectively. The Balance Sheet is as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Capitals :
Mohan   2,00,000
Sohan  1,00,000
3,00,000Cash
Debtors  1,00,000
 Less : Provision  40,000
65,000
60,000
Creditors Stock1,50,000
  Plant65,000
 3,40,000 3,40,000

D They decide to admit Rohan to 1/3rd share on the terms that he is to pay into the business Rs. 1,00,000 as Goodwill and sufficient capital to give him 1/3rd share of the total capital of the new firm. It was agreed that Provision for bad debts be reduced to Rs. 10,000, that the stock be revalued at Rs. 2,00,000; and that the plant be reduced to Rs. 50,000.

Prepare necessary ledger accounts and show the balance sheet of the new partnership.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Plant A/c15,000By Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c30,000
To Profit transferred to: By Stock A/c50,000
Mohan’s Capital A/c39,000    
Sohan’s Capital A/c26,00065,000   
 80,000 80,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr.     Cr.
ParticularsMohanSohanRohanParticularsMohanSohanRohan
    By Balance b/d2,00,0001,00,000-
To Balance c/d2,99,0001,66,0002,32,500By Revaluation A/c39,00026,000-
    By Goodwill A/c60,00040,000-
    By Cash A/c--2,32,500
 2,99,0001,66,0002,32,500 2,99,0001,66,0002,32,500

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors40,000Cash3,97,500
Capital Sundry Debtors1,00,000 
Mohan2,99,000 Less: Provision for DD10,00090,000
Sohan1,66,000 Stock 2,00,000
Rohan2,32,5006,97,500Plant and Machinery50,000
     
 7,37,500 7,37,500
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Rohan’s Capital:-

Capital of Mohan and Sohan = Rs. 2,99,000 + Rs. 1,66,000 = Rs. 4,65,000

Total Capital of the firm = Rs. 4,65,000×3/2 = Rs. 6,97,500

Rohan’s Capital for 1/3rd share = Rs. 6,97,500 ×1/3 = Rs. 2,32,500

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q70 Soma and Navya were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. Ananya was admitted as a partner for 1/5th share in profits. Fol…

Soma and Navya were partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. Ananya was admitted as a partner for 1/5th share in profits. Following balance appeared in the books of the firm on that day.

Debtors1,80,000
Provision for Doubtful Debts12,000

Debtors worth Rs. 10,000 became bad. It was decide to create 4% provision on doubtful debts. Pass necessary journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
1.Bad Debts A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Debtors A/c   10,000
 (Being debtors written off as bad debts)    
2.Provision for Doubtful Debts A/cDr. 10,000 
 To Bad Debts A/c   10,000
 (Being bad debts adjusted against provision)    
3.Revaluation A/cDr. 4,800 
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c   4,800
 (Being 4% provision created against bad debts)    
4.Soma’s Capital A/cDr. 3,200 
 Navya’s Capital A/cDr. 1,600 
 To Revaluation A/c   4,800
 (Being loss on revaluation distributed in 2:1)    
📝 Working Note

Remaining Debtors = Rs. 1,80,000- Rs. 10,000 = Rs. 1,70,000

Provision for Doubtful debts = Rs. 1,70,000 × 4% = Rs. 6,800

Remaining Provision Balance = Rs. 12,000- Rs. 10,000 = Rs. 2,000

Additional Provision = Rs. 6,800 – Rs. 2,000 = Rs. 4,800

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q71 On 31st March 2022, the Balance Sheet of A and B, who were sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 was as follows: Liabilities Amoun…

On 31st March 2022, the Balance Sheet of A and B, who were sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2 was as follows:

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Sundry Creditors2,50,000Cash at Bank1,30,000
Investment Fluctuation Reserve50,000Sundry Debtor 7,50,000 
Capitals :
 A 10,00,000
 B 8,00,000
18,00,000Less : Provision  30,000
Stock
Investments
7,20,000
4,50,000 2,00,000
  Plant & Machinery6,00,000
 21,00,000 21,00,000

They decide to admit C as a partner. A Sacrifices 2/15 from his share while B sacrifices1/6 th of his share in favour of C.

The following adjustments were agreed upon :

C shall bring Rs. 1,50,000 as his share of goodwill premium and shall bring in proportionate capital.

Stock was undervalued by 10% and Plant and Machinery was overvalued by 20 %.

Market value of investments is Rs. 2,20,000.

Debtors to the extent of Rs. 10,000 were unrecorded.

5% provision for doubtful debts is required on sundry debtors.

Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner's Capital Accounts and the Balance Sheet of the reconstituted firm.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Plant & Machinery A/c1,00,000By Stock A/c50,000
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c8,000By Investments A/c20,000
  By Debtors A/c10,000
  By Loss transferred to 
   A’s Capital A/c16,800 
   B’s Capital A/c11,20028,000
 1,08,000 1,08,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsABCParticularsABC
To Revaluation A/c16,80011,200 By Balance b/d10,00,0008,00,000 
To Balance c/d11,13,2008,58,800 By Investment A/c30,00020,000 
    By Goodwill A/c1,00,00050,000 
 11,30,0008,70,000  11,30,0008,70,000 
To Balance c/d11,13,2008,58,8004,93,000By Balance b/d11,13,2008,58,800 
    By Bank A/c  4,93,000
 11,13,2008,58,8004,93,000 11,13,2008,58,8004,93,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors2,50,000Cash7,73,000
Capital Sundry Debtors7,60,000 
A11,13,200 Less: Provision for Debtors38,0007,22,000
B8,58,800 Stock 5,00,000
C4,93,00024,65,000Machinery5,00,000
   Investment2,20,000
 27,15,000 27,15,000
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Value of Stock:-

Actual value of Stock = Rs. 4,50,000 ×100/90 = Rs. 5,00,000

Actual value of Plant & Machinery = Rs. 6,00,000 ×100/120 = Rs. 5,00,000

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Sacrifice = 2/15

B’s Sacrifice = 2/5×1/6=1/15

Sacrificing Ratio = 2 : 1

Calculation of New Ratio:-

A’s New Ratio = 3/5-2/15=9-2/15=7/15

B’s New Ratio = 2/5-1/15=6-1/15=5/15

C’s New Ratio = 2/15+1/15=2+1/15=3/15

New Ratio = 7 : 5 : 3

Calculation of Capital:-

Capital of A and B = Rs. 11,13,200 + Rs. 8,58,500 = Rs. 19,72,000

Total Capital of the firm = Rs. 19,72,000 ×5/4 = Rs. 24,65,000

C’s Capital = Rs. 24,65,000 ×1/5 = Rs. 4,93,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q72 A and B partners sharing profits in the proportion of 3: 2. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 was as follows: Liabilities…

A and B partners sharing profits in the proportion of 3: 2. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2024 was as follows:

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Sundry Creditors63,000Cash at Bank5,000
Outstanding Salaries4,000Sundry Debtors   30,000 
General Reserve10,000Less : Provision 1,00029,000
Capitals :
A
B
50,000
30,000
Stock
Trade Marks
Building
40,000
8,000
75,000
 1,57,000 1,57,000

They agree to admit C as a new partner on the following terms :

(1) C will be given 2/9th share of profit and he will bring Rs. 50,000 for his share of capital and goodwill.

(2) Goodwill of the firm will be calculated at 21/2 year’s purchase of the average super profits of last four years. Profits of the last four years are Rs. 40,000; Rs. 40,000; Rs. 55,000 and Rs. 65,000 respectively. Normal profits that can be earned with the capital employed are Rs. 14,000.

(3) Half the amount of goodwill is withdrawn by old partners.

(4) 15% of the general reserve is to remain as a provision against doubtful debts.

(5) Outstanding salaries be increased to Rs. 16,000, Stock is overvalued by 25% and

Building is undervalued by 25%. Trade Marks be written off by 50%.

(6) New profit sharing ratio of partners will be 4:3:2 and the capital accounts of A and B will be adjusted on the basis of C's capital by bringing in or withdrawing cash, as the case may be.

Prepare necessary accounts and the opening balance sheet of the firm.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Outstanding Salaries A/c12,000By Building A/c25,000
To Stock A/c8,000  
To Trade Marks A/c4,000  
To Profit trf. to capital a/c   
A600   
B4001,000  
 25,000 25,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsABCParticularsABC
To Bank7,0003,000-By Balance b/d50,00030,000-
To Balance c/d62,70036,80030,000By General Reserve A/c5,1003,400-
    By Revaluation A/c600400-
    By Bank A/c--30,000
    By Goodwill A/c14,0006,000-
 69,70039,80030,000 69,70039,80030,000
To Bank A/c (B/f)2700--By Balance b/d62,70036,80030,000
To Balance c/d60,00045,00030,000By Bank A/c (B/f)-8,200-
 62,70045,00030,000 62,70045,00030,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors 63,000Cash at Bank50,500
Outstanding Salaries16,000Sundry Debtors30,000 
Capital  Less: Provision for DD2,50027,500
A60,000 Stock 32,000
B45,000 Trade Marks4,000
C30,0001,35,000Building1,00,000
 2,14,000 2,14,000
📝 Working Note

Actual value of Stock = Rs. 40,000 ×100/125 = Rs. 32,000

Actual value of Building = Rs. 75,000 ×100/75 = Rs. 1,00,000

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Total Profit = Rs. 40,000 + Rs. 40,000 + Rs. 55,000 + Rs. 65,000 = Rs. 2,00,000

Average Profit = 2,00,000/4= Rs. 50,000

Super Profit = Average Profit – Normal Profit

Super Profit = Rs. 50,000 – Rs. 14,000

Super Profit = Rs. 36,000

Goodwill = Rs. 36,000 ×5/2 = 90,000

Goodwill brought by C in Cash = Rs. 90,000 ×2/9 = Rs. 20,000

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Sacrifice = 3/5-4/9=27-20/45=7/45

B’s Sacrifice = 2/5-3/9=18-15/45=3/45

Sacrifice Ratio = 7:3

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q73 Ashok and Biju were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:1 respectively. The following was their balance sheet as…

Ashok and Biju were partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:1 respectively. The following was their balance sheet as at 31st March, 2024:

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Creditors1,20,000Sundry Debtors2,00,000
Bank Overdraft1,50,000Stock2,20,000
Ashok's Capital1,50,000Furniture40,000
Biju's Capital1,00,000Machinery60,000
 5,20,000 5,20,000

On 1st April, 2024, Chandra was admitted to the firm on the following term:

Chandra would provide Rs. 1,00,000 as a capital and pay Rs. 20,000 as goodwill for his one-third share in future profits.

Ashok, Biju and Chandra would share profits equally.

Machinery would be reduced by 10% and Rs. 5,000 would be providing for debts. Stock would be valued at Rs. 2,49,400.

Capital accounts of old partners would be adjusted in the profit sharing ratio on the basis of Chandra's capital by bringing in or taking out cash.

Pass necessary journal entries and prepare partner's capital accounts and balance sheet of the new firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Revaluation A/cDr. 11,000 
 To Machinery A/c   6,000
 To Provision for bad debts A/c   5,000
 (Being value of machinery decreased and provision created for bad debts)    
 Stock A/cDr. 29,400 
 To Revaluation A/c   29,400
 (Being the value of stock increased)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 18,400 
 To Ashok’s Capital A/c   13,800
 To Biju’s Capital A/c   4,600
 (Being profit on revaluation transferred to old partner’s capital account)    
 Bank A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Chandra’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To Goodwill A/c   20,000
 (Being capital and goodwill brought in by Chandra)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 20,000 
 Biju’s Capital A/cDr. 5,000 
 To Ashok’s Capital A/c   25,000
 (Being goodwill brought in by Chandra credited to Ashok along with 1/12th of the goodwill to be contributed by Biju)    
 Bank A/cDr. 400 
 To Biju’s Capital A/c   400
 (Being amount of proportionate capital brought in)    
 Ashok’s Capital A/cDr. 88,800 
 To Bank A/c   88,800
 (Being excess amount withdrawn by Ashok)    

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAshokBijuChandraParticularsAshokBijuChandra
To Ashok’s Capital A/c 5,000 By Balance b/d1,50,0001,00,000-
To Balance c/d1,88,80099,6001,00,000By Revaluation A/c13,8004,600-
    By Bank A/c--1,00,000
    By Goodwill A/c20,000--
    By Biju’s Capital A/c5,000--
 1,88,8001,04,6001,00,000 1,88,8001,04,6001,00,000
To Bank A/c88,800--By Balance b/d1,88,80099,6001,00,000
To Balance c/d1,00,0001,00,0001,00,000By Bank A/c-400-
 1,88,8001,00,0001,00,000 1,88,8001,00,0001,00,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors 1,20,000Stock2,49,000
Bank overdraft1,18,400Sundry Debtors2,00,000 
Capital  Less: Provision for DD5,0001,95,000
Ashok1,00,000 Furniture 40,000
Biju1,00,000 Machinery54,000
Chandra1,00,0003,00,000  
 5,38,400 5,38,400
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Ashok’s Ratio = 3/4-1/3=9 -4/12=5/12 (Sacrifice)

Biju’s Ratio = 1/4-1/3=3 - 4/12=1/12 (Gain)

Calculation of Goodwill:-

Chandra’s share of goodwill 1/3= Rs. 20,000

Total Goodwill = Rs. 20,000 × 3 = Rs. 60,000

Biju’s gain = Rs. 60,000 ×1/12 = Rs. 5,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q74 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. C was admitted for 1/4th share in profits. C acquires this share as 3/16…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. C was admitted for 1/4th share in profits. C acquires this share as 3/16 from A and 1/4th of his share from B. C bring in Rs. 1,00,000 as his capital.

At the time of C’s admission:

(i) The firm’s share goodwill was valued at Rs. 2,40,000.

(ii) General Reserve was Rs. 40,000.

(iii) Profit on revaluation of assets and liabilities was Rs. 24,000.

Before any adjustments were made the Capitals of A and B were Rs. 1,20,000 and Rs. 70,000 respectively. It is decided that after C’s admission, the Capital of A and B be adjusted on the basis of C’s Capital, any excess or shortfall to be adjusted by opening current accounts. You are required to pass necessary journal entries on C’s admission.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
1.Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 (Being C brings in Capital in cash)    
2.C’s Current A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   45,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   15,000
 (Being premium for goodwill credited to partners in sacrificing ratio)    
3.General Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   25,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   15,000
 (Being General distributed between old partners in old ratio)    
4.Revaluation A/cDr. 24,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   15,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   9,000
 (Being profit on revaluation account credited to partners)    
5.A’s Capital A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Bank A/c   30,000
 (Being Capital withdraws by A)    
6.Bank A/cDr. 16,000 
 To B’ Capital A/c   16,000
 (Being B bring additional capital)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Capital Bring/withdrawal by Partner A and B:-

ParticularsAB
Adjusted Capital of A and B2,05,0001,09,000
Capital in New Firm1,75,0001,25,000
A withdraws30,000-
B Brings-16,000

Calculation of Adjusted Capital of Partners:-

Adjusted Capital of A = A’s Capital + Share in General Reserve + Profit on Revaluation + Share in Premium for Goodwill

Adjusted Capital of A = Rs. 1,20,000 + Rs. 25,000 + Rs. 15,000 + Rs. 45,000

Adjusted Capital of A = Rs. 2,05,000

Adjusted Capital of B = B’s Capital + Share in General Reserve + Profit on Revaluation + Share in Premium for Goodwill

Adjusted Capital of B = Rs. 70,000 + Rs. 15,000 + Rs. 9,000 + Rs. 15,000

Adjusted Capital of B = Rs. 1,09,000

Capital of Partners A and B in New Firm According to New Partners Capital:-

Total Capital of the new firm = Rs. 1,00,000 × 4/1

Total Capital of the new firm = Rs. 4,00,000

A’s Capital = Rs. 4,00,000 × 7/16 = Rs. 1,75,000

B’s Capital = Rs. 4,00,000 × 5/16 = Rs. 1,25,000

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q75 Om, Ram and Shanti were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. On 1st April, 2014 their Balance Sheet was as fo…

Om, Ram and Shanti were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. On 1st April, 2014 their Balance Sheet was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Capital Accounts:
 Om  3,58,000
Ram  3,00,000
 Shanti 2,62,000
9,20,000Land and Building
Plant and Machinery
Furniture
Bills Receivables
3,64,000
2,95,000
2,33,000
38,000
General Reserve48,000Sundry Debtors90,000
Creditors1,60,000Stock1,11,000
Bills Payable90,000Bank87,000
 12,18,000 12,18,000

On the above date Hanuman was admitted on the following terms:

(i) He will bring Rs. 1,00,000 for his capital and will get 1/10th share in the profits.

(ii) He will bring necessary cash for his share of goodwill premium. The goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 3,00,000.

(iii) A liability of Rs. 18,000 will be created against bills receivables discounted.

(iv) The value of stock and furniture will be reduced by 20%.

(v) The value of land and building will be increased by 10%.

(vi) Capital accounts of the partners will be adjusted on the basis of Hanuman's capital in their profit sharing ratio by opening current accounts.

Prepare Revaluation Account and Partners' Capital Accounts.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Liabilities for BR Discounted A/c18,000By Land and Building36,400
To Stock A/c22,200By Loss transferred to Partner capital 
To Furniture A/c46,600Om25,200 
  Ram16,800 
   Shanti8,40050400
 86,800 86,800

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsOmRamShantiParticularsOmRamShanti
To Revaluation A/c25,20016,8008,400By Balance b/d3,58,0003,00,0002,62,000
To Balance c/d3,71,8003,09,2002,66,600By General Reserve A/c24,00016,0008,000
    By Goodwill A/c15,00010,0005,000
 3,97,0003,26,0002,75,000 3,97,0003,26,0002,75,000
To Current A/c-9,2001,16,600By Balance b/d3,71,8003,09,2002,66,600
To Balance c/d4,50,0003,00,0001,50,000By Current A/c (B/f)78,200--
 4,50,0003,09,2002,66,600 4,50,0003,09,2002,66,600
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Ratio:-

Share of Hanuman = 1/10

Remaining Share = 1- 1/10 = 9/10

Om’s New Share = 9/10×3/6=9/20

Ram’s New Share = 9/10×2/6=6/20

Shanti’s New Share = 9/10×1/6=3/20

Hanuman’s New Share = 1/10

New Profit = 9/20:6/20:3/20:1/10

New Profit = 9 : 6 : 3 : 2/20

New Profit =9 : 6 : 3 : 2

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q76 Following is the Balance Sheet of Amit and Vidya as at 31st March, 2024: Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs. Creditors 26,000 Bank 20,000 E…

Following is the Balance Sheet of Amit and Vidya as at 31st March, 2024:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Creditors26,000Bank20,000
Employees Provident Fund16,000Stock30,000
Workmen's Compensation Reserve30,000Debtors  44,000
Less : Provision for Bad Debts 2,000
42,000
Capital A/cs:
Amit 1,10,000
Vidya  60,000
1,70,000Plant and Machinery
Goodwill
Profit and Loss Account
1,20,000
20,000
10,000
 2,42,000 2,42,000

On the above date, Chintan was admitted as a partner for 1/4th share in the profit of the firm with the following terms:

(a) Rs. 2,900 will be written off as Bad Debts.

(b) Stock was taken over by Vidya at Rs. 35,000.

(c) Goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 40,000. Chintan brought his share of goodwill premium in cash.

(d) Chintan brought proportionate capital and the capitals of the other partners were adjusted on the basis of Chintan's Capital. For this necessary cash was to be brought in or paid off to the partners as the case may be.

Prepare Revaluation Account and Partners' Capital Accounts.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Bad Debts A/c900By Stock A/c5,000
To Profit Transfer to capital account    
Amit’s Capital2,050    
Vidhya’s Capital2,0504,100   
 5,000 5,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmitVidhyaChintanParticularsAmitVidhyaChintan
To Goodwill A/c10,00010,000-By Balance b/d1,10,00060,000-
To Profit and Loss A/c5,0005,000-By Revaluation A/c2,0502,050-
To Stock A/c-35,000-By Workmen Comp. Reserve15,00015,000-
To Balance c/d1,17,05032,050-By Goodwill5,0005,000-
 1,32,05082,050- 1,32,05082,050-
To Bank A/c42,500--By Balance b/d1,17,05032,050-
To Balance c/d74,55074,55049,700By Bank A/c (B/f)-42,50049,700
 1,17,05074,55049,700 1,17,05074,55049,700
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Ratio:-

Share of Hanuman = 1/4

Remaining Share = 1- 1/4 = 3/4

Amit’s New Share = 3/4×1/2=3/8

Vidhya’s New Share = 3/4×1/2=3/8

New Profit = 3/8:3/8:1/4

New Profit = 3 : 3 : 2/8

New Profit =3 : 3 : 2

Calculation of New Capital of the Firm:-

Combined Capital = Rs. 1,17,050 + Rs. 32,050 = Rs. 1,49,100

Total Capital of the New Firm = Rs. 1,49,100 ×4/3 = Rs. 1,98,800

Amit’s Capital = Rs. 1,98,800 ×3/8 = Rs. 74,550

Vidhya’s Capital = Rs. 1,98,800 ×3/8 = Rs. 74,550

Chintan’s Capital = Rs. 1,98,800 ×1/4 = Rs. 49,700

📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q77 Rekha, Sunita and Teena are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. Samiksha joins the firm. Rekha surrenders 1/…

Rekha, Sunita and Teena are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2:1. Samiksha joins the firm. Rekha surrenders 1/4th of her share. Sunita surrenders 1/3th of her share and Teena 1/5th of her share in favour of Samiksha. Find the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Rekha surrenders for Samiksha =1/4 x 3/6 =3/24

Sunita surrenders for Samiksha =1/3 x 2/6 =2/24

Teena surrenders for Samiksha =1/4 x 1/6 =1/30

Calculation of New Ratio:-

Rekha’s New Ratio = 3/6-3/24=12-3/24=9/24

Sunita’sNew Ratio= 2/6-2/18=6 - 2/18=4/18

Teena’s New Ratio = 1/6-1/30=5 - 1/30=4/30

Samiksha Ratio = 3/24+2/24+1/30= 97/360

New Ratio =9/24:4/18:4/30:97/360

New Ratio = 135 : 80 : 48 : 97

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q78 Calculate sacrificing ratios in the following cases : (i) X and Y are sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3. Z joins and the new rat…

Calculate sacrificing ratios in the following cases :

(i) X and Y are sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3. Z joins and the new ratios are 7:4:3.

(ii) X and Y are sharing profits in the ratio of 7:5. Z joins and the new ratios are 13: 7:4.

(ii) A and B are sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. C joins and the new ratios are 4:2:1.

(iv) A and B are sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. C joins and the new ratios are 5:3:2.

✅ Solution

Case (i) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

X’s Sacrificing Ratio = 4/7-7/14=8-7/14=1/14

Y’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/7-4/14=6-4/14=2/14

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 2.

Case (ii) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

X’s Sacrificing Ratio = 7/12-13/24=14 - 13/24=1/24

Y’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/12-7/24=10-7/24=3/24

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 3.

Case (iii) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/8-4/7=35 - 32/56=3/56

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/8-2/7=21-16/56=5/56

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 5.

Case (iv) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/5-5/10=6 - 5/10=1/10

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-3/10=4-3/10=1/10

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 1.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q79 Calculate new ratios and sacrificing ratios in the following cases: (i) A, B and C are partners Sharing profits in the ratio of 4:…

Calculate new ratios and sacrificing ratios in the following cases:

(i) A, B and C are partners Sharing profits in the ratio of 4:3:2. D is admitted for 1/3rd share.

(ii) A, B and C are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 1/2, 1/3 and 1/6. D is admitted for 1/6th share of profit

(iii) A, B and Care partners sharing profits in the ratio of 6/14, 5/14 and 3/14. D is admitted for 1/8th share of profits.

✅ Solution

(i) Calculation of New Profit Share Ratios:-

D’s Share = 1/3

Remaining Share = 1-1/3 = 2/3

A’s New Share = 4/9×2/3=8/27

B’s New Share = 3/9×2/3=6/27

C’s New Share = 2/9×2/3=4/27

D’s New Share = 1/3

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 8/27:6/27:4/27:1/3

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 8 : 6 : 4 : 9/27

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 8 : 6 : 4 : 9.

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 4/9-8/27=12 - 8/27=4/27

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/9-6/27=9 - 6/27=3/27

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/9-4/27=6 -4/27=2/27

Sacrificing Ratio = 4:3:2

(ii) Calculation of New Profit Share Ratios:-

D’s Share = 1/6

Remaining Share = 1-1/6 = 5/6

A’s New Share = 1/2×5/6=5/12

B’s New Share = 1/3×5/6=5/18

C’s New Share = 1/6×5/6=5/36

D’s New Share = 1/6

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 5/12:5/18:5/36:1/6

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 15 : 10 : 5 : 6/36

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 15 : 10 : 5 : 6.

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/2-15/36=18 - 15/36=3/36

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/3-10/36=12 - 10/36=2/36

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6-5/36=6 - 5/36=1/36

Sacrificing Ratio = 3:2:1

(iii) Calculation of New Profit Share Ratios:-

D’s Share = 1/8

Remaining Share = 1-1/8 = 7/8

A’s New Share = 6/14×7/8=6/16

B’s New Share = 5/14×7/8=5/16

C’s New Share = 3/14×7/8=3/16

D’s New Share = 1/8

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 6/16:5/16:3/16:1/8

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 6 : 5 : 3 : 2/16

New Profit Ratio of A, B, C and D = 6 :5 : 3 : 2.

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 6/14-6/16=48 - 42/112=6/112

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/14-5/16=40 - 35/112=5/112

C’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/14-3/36=24 - 21/112=3/112

Sacrificing Ratio = 6:5:3.

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q80 (a) Rohan and Mohan are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3 respectively. They admit Bhim as a partner for 1/7 …

(a) Rohan and Mohan are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3 respectively. They admit Bhim as a partner for 1/7th share in the profit. The new profit sharing ratio will be 4 : 2:1. Calculate the sacrificing ratio of Rohan and Mohan.

(b) Amla and Kamla are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 1 respectively. They admitted Bimla as a new partner for 1/4th share in the profits, which she acquired wholly from Amla. Determine the new profit sharing ratio of the partners.

✅ Solution

(a) Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Rohan’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/8-4/7=35 - 32/56=3/56

Mohan’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/8-2/7=21 - 16/56=5/56

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 5

(b) Calculation of New Share ofAmla:-

New Profit Sharing Ratio of Amla = Old Ratio – Share sacrifice in favour of Bimla

Amla’s Sacrificing Ratio = 4/5-1/4=16 - 5/20=11/20

New Ratio of Amla, Kamla and Bimla = 11/20:1/5:1/4

New Ratio of Amla, Kamla and Bimla = 11 : 4 : 5/20

New Ratio of Amla, Kamla and Bimla = 11 : 4 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q81 Anita and Tina are partners sharing profits as 9 : 5. They agree to admit Chetan their manager into partnership, who is to get 1/8…

Anita and Tina are partners sharing profits as 9 : 5. They agree to admit Chetan their manager into partnership, who is to get 1/8 share in the profits. He acquires this share as 1/12 from Anita and 1/24 from Tina. Calculate new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Chetan is giving 1/8th share which he aquires 1/12 from Anita and 1/24 from Tina.

Anita’s New Share = 9/14-1/12=54 - 7/84= 47/84

Tina’s New Share = 5/14-1/24=60 - 7/168= 53/168

Chetan’s Share = 1/8

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 47/84:53/168:1/8

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 94 : 53 : 21/168

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 94 : 53 : 21

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q82 Anil and Sunil are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 1. They admit Vijay into partnership with 1/3 share in profits whi…

Anil and Sunil are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 4 : 1. They admit Vijay into partnership with 1/3 share in profits which he acquires wholly from Anil. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

Vijay is given 1/3rd share which he acquires wholly from Anil.

Anil’s New Share = 4/5-1/3=12-5/15=7/15

Sunil’s New Share = 1/5

Vijay’s New Profit = 1/3

New Profit Sharing Ratio = 7/15:1/5:1/3

New Profit Sharing Ratio =7 : 3 : 5/15

New Profit Sharing Ratio =7 : 3 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q83 J & K are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 3. L joins the firm. J surrenders 1/5 th of his share and K, …

J & K are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 2 : 3. L joins the firm. J surrenders 1/5th of his share and K, 1/3rdof his share in favour of L. Find the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

J’s old Share = 2/5

J’s surrenders 1/5th of 2/5 in favour of L = 1/5×2/5=2/25

K’s old Share = 3/5

K’s surrenders 1/3rd of 3/5 in favour of L = 1/3×3/5=1/5

Calculation of New Ratio:-

J’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/5-2/25=10 - 2/25=8/25

K’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/5-1/5=3 - 1/5=2/25

L’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 2/25+1/5=2+5/25=7/25

The new ratio of J, K and L = 8/25:2/5:7/25

The new ratio of J, K and L = 8 : 10 : 7/25

New ratio of J, K and L = 8 : 10 : 7

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q84 R and S are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. T was admitted. R surrenders 1/4 of his share and S 2/5 of his share in …

R and S are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. T was admitted. R surrenders 1/4 of his share and S 2/5 of his share in favour of T. Calculate the sacrificing ratio and the new ratios.

✅ Solution

R’s surrenders 1/4th of 5/8 in favour of T = 1/4×5/8=5/32

S’s surrenders 2/5th of 3/8 in favour of T = 2/5×3/8=3/20

Sacrificing Ratio = 5/32:3/20

Sacrificing Ratio = 25 : 24/160

Sacrificing Ratio = 25 : 24

Calculation of New Ratio:-

R’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5/8-5/32=20 - 5/32=15/32

S’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/8-3/20=15 - 6/40=9/40

T’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5/32+3/20=25+24/160=49/160

The new ratio of R, S and T = 15/32:9/40:49/160

The new ratio of R, S and T = 75 : 36 : 49/25

New ratio of R, S and T = 75 : 36 : 49

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q85 A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3. They admit C into partnership giving him 1/4 share in profi…

A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 5 : 3. They admit C into partnership giving him 1/4 share in profits which he acquires from A and B in the ratio of 3 : 1. Calculate the new profit sharing ratio.

✅ Solution

C is given 1/4th share which he acquires from A and B in the ratio of 3:1.

C acquires from A = 5/8 of 1/4 = 3/16

C acquires from B = 1/4 of 1/4 = 1/16

Calculation of New Ratio:-

A’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 5/8-3/16=10 - 3/16=7/16

B’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 3/8-1/16=6 - 1/16=5/16

C’s New Profit Sharing Ratio = 1/4

The new ratio of A, B and C = 7/16:5/16:1/4

The new ratio of A, B and C = 7 : 5 : 4/16

New ratio of A, B and C = 7 : 5 : 4

📌 Teacher's Note
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q86 Mohan and Sohan are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 9: 6. They admit Gopal with 1/8 share in the profits. The …

Mohan and Sohan are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 9: 6. They admit Gopal with 1/8 share in the profits. The new profit sharing ratio between Mohan and Sohan is agreed to be 4:3. Calculate the sacrificing ratio.

✅ Solution

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Gopal’s Share = 1/8

Remaining share = 1-1/8=7/8

New Ratio of Mohan = 4/7 of 4/7= 4/8

New Ratio of Sohan = 3/7 of 7/8= 3/8

New Ratio of Gopal = 1/8

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

Mohan’s Sacrifice = 9/15-4/8=72-60/120=12/120

Sohan’s Sacrifice = 6/15-3/8=48-45/120=3/120

Sacrificing Ratio of Mohan and Sohan = 4 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q87 Kabir and Farid are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. On 1-4-2019 they admitted Manik brought his share of g…

Kabir and Farid are partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. On 1-4-2019 they admitted Manik brought his share of goodwill premium in cash. Goodwill of the firm was valued on the basis of 2 years purchase of last three years average profits. The profits of last three years were:

 Rs.
2016-1790,000
2017-181,30,000
2018-1986,000

During the year 2018-19 there was a loss of Rs. 20,000 due to fire which was not accounted for while calculating the profit.

Calculate the value of goodwill and pass the necessary journal entries for the treatment of goodwill.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
April 1Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 51,000 
 To Kabir’s Capital A/c   38,250
 To Farid’s Capital A/c   12,750
 (Being premium for goodwill credited to partners in sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Average Profit = Rs. 90,000+Rs.1,30,000+Rs. 86,000/3

Average Profit = Rs.3,06,000/3

Average Profit = Rs. 1,02,000

Firms Goodwill = Rs. 1,02,000 × 2

Firms Goodwill = Rs. 2,04,000

Malik’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 2,04,000 × 1/4

Malik’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 51,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Goodwill = Average Profit × Number of Years' Purchase. Normalise each year's profit first — add back abnormal losses/non-recurring expenses, deduct abnormal gains/non-recurring income.
Q88 On 1st April, 2025, A and B, sharing profits 2/3 and 1/3 respectively, agree to admit C into partnership on condition that he pays…

On 1st April, 2025, A and B, sharing profits 2/3 and 1/3 respectively, agree to admit C into partnership on condition that he pays Rs. 3,00,000 as capital and Rs. 90,000 for 1/6 share of goodwill which he acquires equally from A and B. Subsequently, half amount of goodwill is withdrawn by the old partners.

Give Journal entries necessary to record these transactions.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.mount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 3,90,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   3,00,000
 To Goodwill A/c   90,000
 (Being amount of capital and premium of goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 90,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   45,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   45,000
 (Being goodwill transferred to old partner’s capital)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 22,500 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 22,500 
 To Bank A/c   45,000
 (Being half of goodwill withdrawn by old partner)    
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q89 Kumar and Rao were partners in a firm sharing profits equally. They admitted Ghosh as a new partner for 1/4th share in profits. Gh…

Kumar and Rao were partners in a firm sharing profits equally. They admitted Ghosh as a new partner for 1/4th share in profits. Ghosh acquired his 1/4th share from Kumar and Rao in the ratio of 3:2 respectively. Ghosh brought Rs. 2,70,000 for his capital and Rs. 39,000 for 1/4th share of goodwill. Calculate new profit sharing ratio of Kumar, Rao and Ghosh and pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions in the books of the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 3,09,000 
 To Ghosh’s Capital A/c   2,70,000
 To Goodwill A/c   39,000
 (Being amount of capital and premium of goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 39,000 
 To Kumar’s Capital A/c   23,400
 To Rao’s Capital A/c   15,600
 (Being goodwill transferred to old partner’s capital account in sacrificing ratio)    

Calculation of New profit sharing ratio:-

Ghosh share from Kumar = 3/5 of 1/4 = 3/20

Ghosh share from Rao = 2/5 of 1/4 = 2/20

Kumar’s New Share = 1/2-3/20=10-3/20=7/20

Rao’s New Share = 1/2-3/20=10 - 2/20=8/20

Ghosh’s New Share = 1/4

New Share of Kumar, Rao and Ghose = 7/20:8/20:1/4

New Share of Kumar, Rao and Ghose = 7 : 8 : 5/20

New Share of Kumar, Rao and Ghose = 7 : 8 : 5

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q90 Piyush and Deepika are partners sharing profits in the ratio 7:3. They admit Seema as a new partner, paying Rs. 40,000 as premium …

Piyush and Deepika are partners sharing profits in the ratio 7:3. They admit Seema as a new partner, paying Rs. 40,000 as premium for 1/5 share. The new ratio being 5: 3:2. Pass journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   40,000
 (Being amount of premium of goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Piyush’s Capital A/c   40,000
 (Being goodwill transferred to old partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Piyush’s Sacrificing Ratio = 7/10-5/10=7-5/10=2/10

Deepika’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/10-3/10=0

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q91 P and Q are in partnership sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. They admit R into the firm, R paying a premium of Rs. 1,00,000 for…

P and Q are in partnership sharing profits in the ratio of 5:3. They admit R into the firm, R paying a premium of Rs. 1,00,000 for 1/4 share of the profits. As between themselves, P and Q agree to share future profits and losses equally. Pass entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   1,00,000
 (Being amount of premium of goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To P’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 (Being goodwill transferred to old partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

R’s New Profit Share = 1/4

Remaining Profit = 1-1/4 = 3/4

P’s New Share = 3/4×1/2=3/8

Q’s New Share = 3/4×1/2=3/8

R’s New Share = 1/4

New Share of P, Q and R = 3/8:3/8:1/4

New Share of P, Q and R = 3 : 3 : 2/8

New Share of P, Q and R = 3 : 3 : 2

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

P’s Sacrificing Ratio = 5/8-3/8=5-3/8=2/8

Q’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/8-3/8=0

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q92 X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 6: 9. They agree to admit Z into partnership who brings Rs. 1,00,0…

X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 6: 9. They agree to admit Z into partnership who brings Rs. 1,00,000 in cash for his capital and goodwill. Goodwill is valued at 11/2 year's purchase of the last 4 years average profits, which were Rs. 30,000; Rs. 8,000 (loss); Rs. 20,000 and Rs. 38,000 respectively. X, Y and Z will share future profits in equal proportion. Pass entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   90,000
 To Goodwill A/c   10,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 10,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   2,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   8,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Average Profit = Rs. 30,000 - Rs. 8,000 + Rs. 20,000 + Rs. 38,000/4

Average Profit = Rs. 80,000/4

Average Profit = Rs. 20,000

Goodwill = Rs. 20,000 ×3/2 = Rs. 30,000

Z’s Share = Rs. 30,000 ×1/3 = Rs. 10,000

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

X’s Sacrificing Ratio = 6/15-1/3=6-5/15=1/15

Y’s Sacrificing Ratio = 9/15-1/3=9-5/15=4/15

Sacrificing Ratio = 1 : 4

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Goodwill = Average Profit × Number of Years' Purchase. Normalise each year's profit first — add back abnormal losses/non-recurring expenses, deduct abnormal gains/non-recurring income.
Q93 Arun and Varun are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Bhushan is admitted paying a premium of Rs. 84,000 for 1/4th shar…

Arun and Varun are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Bhushan is admitted paying a premium of Rs. 84,000 for 1/4th share of profits which he acquires 1/6th from Arun 1/12th from Varun. Calculate new ratios and pass entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 84,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   84,000
 (Being amount of goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 84,000 
 To Arun’s Capital A/c   56,000
 To Varun’s Capital A/c   28,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Sacrificing Ratio = 1/6:1/12=2 : 5/15=2 :1

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Arun’s New Ratio =3/5-1/6=18-5/30=13/30

Varun’s New Ratio =2/5-1/12=24-5/60=19/60

Bhushan’s New Ratio =1/6+1/12=2+1/12=3/12

New Ratio of Arun, Varun and Bhushan = 13/30:19/60:3/12

New Ratio of Arun, Varun and Bhushan = 26 : 19 : 15/60

New Ratio of Arun, Varun and Bhushan = 26 : 19 : 15

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q94 L and M were partners in a firm sharing profits in 4:3 ratio. They admitted O as a new partner. The new profit sharing ratio of L,…

L and M were partners in a firm sharing profits in 4:3 ratio. They admitted O as a new partner. The new profit sharing ratio of L, M and O will be 3:3:4. O Brought Rs. 2,00,000 for his capital. The goodwill of the firm on O's admission was Rs. 70,000. O brought his share of goodwill in cash. Calculate sacrificing ratio of L and M and pass necessary journal entries for the above transactions on O'S admission.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 2,28,000 
 To O’s Capital A/c   2,00,000
 To Goodwill A/c   28,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 28,000 
 To L’s Capital A/c   19,000
 To M’s Capital A/c   9,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

L’s Sacrifice Ratio = 4/7-3/10=40-21/70=19/70

M’s Sacrifice Ratio = 3/7-3/10=30-21/70=9/70

Sacrificing Ratio = 19 : 9

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q95 A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 3:2. They agree to admit C into partnership who is to get 1/5…

A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the proportion of 3:2. They agree to admit C into partnership who is to get 1/5th share in the business. C bring in Rs. 1,00,000 for his capital and Rs. 40,000 for 1/5th share of goodwill which he Acquires 3/20 from A and 1/20 from B. The profit for the first year of the new partnership amounted to Rs. 2,00,000.

Make the necessary Journal entries in connection with C's admission and apportion the profit between the partners.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To oodwill A/c   40,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

A’s Ratio = 3/5-3/20=12-3/20=9/20

B’s Ratio = 3/5-1/20=8-1/20=7/20

C’s Ratio = 3/20+1/20=3-1/20=4/20

New Ratio of A, B and C = 9 : 7 : 4

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
New Partner's Share is taken from the old partners in the ratio they agree to sacrifice. New Ratio of old partners = Old Share − Sacrifice (or Old Share × (1 − New Partner's Share) if sacrificed equally/in old ratio).
Q96 P and Q share profits in the ratio of P, 5/8 and Q, 3/8. R is admitted as a partner who brings in Rs. 60,000 as his capital and Rs…

P and Q share profits in the ratio of P, 5/8 and Q, 3/8. R is admitted as a partner who brings in Rs. 60,000 as his capital and Rs. 20,000 for goodwill. The new profit-sharing ratio is agreed at 7:5:4. Draft Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 80,000 
 To R’s Capital A/c   60,000
 To Goodwill A/c   20,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 20,000 
 To P’s Capital A/c   15,000
 To Q’s Capital A/c   5,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

P’s Sacrifice Ratio = 5/8-7/16=10-7/16=3/16

Q’s Sacrifice Ratio = 3/8-5/16=6-5/16=1/16

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q97 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit C into partnership, C pays a premium of Rs. 60,000 for 1/4t…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3 : 2. They admit C into partnership, C pays a premium of Rs. 60,000 for 1/4th share of profit. The new ratio is 3:3:2. Goodwill account appears in the books at Rs. 2,00,000. Give the necessary Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 80,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   2,00,000
 (Being goodwill already appearing in the books, now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 60,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   60,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 60,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   54,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   6,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrifice Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

P’s Sacrifice Ratio = 3/5-3/8=24-15/40=9/40

Q’s Sacrifice Ratio = 2/5-3/8=16-15/40=1/40

Sacrificing Ratio = 9 : 1

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q98 A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 respectively. Goodwill appears in their books at 3,00,000. T…

A and B are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3 : 2 respectively. Goodwill appears in their books at 3,00,000. They admit C into partnership. C paying a premium of Rs. 1,00,000 for one-fourth share of the profits while A and B as between themselves sharing profits and losses as before.

Give Journal entries to record the above arrangement in the books of the firm.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 1,80,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 1,20,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   3,00,000
 (Being goodwill already appearing in the books, now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   1,00,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   60,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   40,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📝 Working Note

Calculation of New Ratio:-

C‘s share = 1/4th

Remaining Share = 1-1/4=3/4

A’s New Ratio = 3/5×3/4 = 9/20

B’s New Ratio = 2/5×3/4 = 6/20

C’s New Ratio = 1/4

New Profit sharing ratio of A, B and C = 9/20: 6/20:1/4

New Profit sharing ratio of A, B and C = 9 : 6 : 5/20

New Profit sharing ratio of A, B and C = 9 : 6 : 5

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio – New Ratio

A’s Sacrificing Ratio = 3/5-9/20= 12-9/20=3/20

B’s Sacrificing Ratio = 2/5-6/20= 8-6/20=2/20

Sacrificing Ratio = 3 : 2

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q99 Asha and Aditi are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admit Raghav as a partner for 1/4th sha…

Asha and Aditi are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. They admit Raghav as a partner for 1/4th share in the profits of the firm, Raghav bring Rs. 6,00,000 as his capital and his share of goodwill in cash. Goodwill of the firm is to be valued at two year’s purchase of average profit of the last four years.

The profits of the firm during the last four years are given below:

YearProfit (Rs.)
2013-143,50,000
2014-154,75,000
2015-166,70,000
2016-177,45,000

The following additional information is given:

(i) To cover management cost an annual charge of Rs. 56,250 should be made for the purpose of valuation of goodwill.

(ii) The closing stock for the year ended 31st March, 2017 was overvalued by Rs. 15,000.

Pass necessary Journal Entries on Raghav’s admission showing the working notes clearly.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Bank A/cDr. 8,50,000 
 To Raghav’s Capital A/c   6,00,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   2,50,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and premium for goodwill brought in cash)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 2,50,000 
 To Asha’s Capital A/c   1,50,000
 To Aditi’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 (Being Premium for goodwill credited to old partners in their sacrificing ratio)    
📝 Working Note

Average Profit = Rs.2,93,000+Rs.4,18,000+Rs. 6,13,750+Rs.6,73,750/4

Average Profit = Rs.20,00,00/4

Average Profit = Rs. 5,00,000

Goodwill = Average Profit × No. of year purchases

Goodwill = Rs. 5,00,000 × 2

Goodwill = Rs. 10,00,000

Raghav’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 10,00,000 × 1/4

Raghav’s Share in Goodwill = Rs. 2,50,000

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Goodwill = Average Profit × Number of Years' Purchase. Normalise each year's profit first — add back abnormal losses/non-recurring expenses, deduct abnormal gains/non-recurring income.
Q100 X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. Their books showed goodwill at Rs. 50,000. Z is admitted with 1/5th shar…

X and Y are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. Their books showed goodwill at Rs. 50,000. Z is admitted with 1/5th share of profit which he acquires equally from X and Y. He brings Rs. Rs. 7,50,000 as his capital but is not able to bring in cash his share of goodwill Rs. 40,000. Give Journal entries.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 X’s Capital A/cDr. 33,333 
 Y’s Capital A/cDr. 16,667 
 To Goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being goodwill already appearing in the books, now written off in old ratio)    
 Bank A/cDr. 7,50,000 
 To Z’s Capital A/c   7,50,000
 (Being amount of goodwill and Capital brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 40,000 
 To X’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To Y’s Capital A/c   20,000
 (Being goodwill transfer to partner’s capital account)    
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q101 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3. They admit C as a partner for 1/3rd share. His share of Goodwill is Rs…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 5 : 3. They admit C as a partner for 1/3rd share. His share of Goodwill is Rs. 32,000. Give journal entries in the following cases :

(a) When the amount of goodwill is paid privately.

(b) When the goodwill is received in cash and retained in the business.

(c) When the goodwill is received in cash and withdrawn by old partners.

(d) When C is unable to bring the goodwill in cash.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
Case (a)No Entry    
Case (b)Bank A/cDr. 32,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   32,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 32,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill credited to old partners in sacrificing ratio)    
Cash (c)Bank A/cDr. 32,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   32,000
 (Being goodwill brought in cash)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 32,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being goodwill credited to old partners in sacrificing ratio)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 20,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 To Bank A/c   32,000
 (Being goodwill withdrawn by old partners)    
Case (d)C’s Current A/cDr. 32,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   20,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,000
 (Being C’s share of goodwill credited to A and B in sacrificing ratio)    
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q102 Sharan and Angad are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. On 1st April, 2022, they admit Akhil as a …

Sharan and Angad are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2. On 1st April, 2022, they admit Akhil as a partner for 1/5th share in the profit. Akhil aquires 1/5 of his share from Sharan and the balance from Angad. On the date of Akhil’s admission the goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 90,000. Akhil contributed the following assets towards his capital and his share of goodwill:

ParticularsAmount
Cash60,000
Debtors20,000
Land and Building1,00,000
Plant and Machinery80,000

You are required to:

(i) Calculate the sacrificing ratio of the partners.

(ii) Pass the necessary journal entries on Akhil’s admission, ascertaining Akhil’s Capital contribution and assuming that he brings into the firm his share of goodwill is cash/kind.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Cash A/cDr. 60,000 
 Debtors A/cDr. 20,000 
 Land and Building A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 Plant and Machinery A/cDr. 80,000 
 To Akhil’s Capital A/c   2,42,000
 To Premium for Goodwill A/c   18,000
 (Being Akhil brought Capital and goodwill)    
 Premium for Goodwill A/cDr. 18,000 
 To Sharan’s Capital A/c   3,600
 To Angad’s Capital A/c   14,400
 (Being good will distributed among partners)    
📌 Teacher's Note
When partners' capitals are to be adjusted in proportion to the new profit-sharing ratio, first compute the new firm's total capital (often based on the new partner's capital for their share), then find each partner's proportionate capital; the shortfall/excess is brought in or withdrawn (or adjusted via Current A/c).
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q103 A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. They admit C for 1/4th share in profits. C brings Rs. 30,000 for his cap…

A and B are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 2:1. They admit C for 1/4th share in profits. C brings Rs. 30,000 for his capital and Rs. 8,000 out of his share of Rs. 10,000 for goodwill. Before admission goodwill appeared in books at Rs. 18,000. Give Journal entries to give effect to above arrangement.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 12,000 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 6,000 
 To Goodwill A/c   18,000
 (Being goodwill distributed to partners)    
 Bank A/cDr. 38,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To Goodwill A/c   8,000
 (Being Amount of capital and goodwill brought in cash by C)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 8,000 
 C’s Current A/cDr. 2,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   6,667
 To B’s Capital A/c   3,333
 (Being goodwill credited to old partners in sacrificing ratio)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q104 J and R are partners. V is admitted as a partner for 1/4share of profit but is unable to contribute premium for goodwill in cash a…

J and R are partners. V is admitted as a partner for 1/4share of profit but is unable to contribute premium for goodwill in cash amounting to Rs. 80,000 and so it is decided to raise a loan account in the name of V. You are required to pass a single journal entry in order to give effect to the above problem.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 V’s Loan A/cDr. 80,000 
 To J’s Capital A/c   40,000
 To R’s Capital A/c   40,000
 (Being V’s share of goodwill debited to his Loan A/c due to deny to pay goodwill in cash and credited to the capital account of J and R)    
📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q105 Arjun and Vinod are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. They admitted a new partner Prabhakar. Arjun sacrificed 1/3rd of…

Arjun and Vinod are partners sharing profits in the ratio of 3:1. They admitted a new partner Prabhakar. Arjun sacrificed 1/3rd of his share to Prabhakar and Vinod gifted 1/5th of his share to Prabhakar. Firm’s goodwill on the date of Prabhakar’s admission was valued at Rs. 3,60,000.

Ascertain the new profit sharing ratio of the partners and pass the journal entry for premium for goodwill, if Prabhakar is unable to bring his share of goodwill in cash.

✅ Solution

Sacrificing Ratio:-

Sacrificed Share by Arjun for Prabhakar = 1/3of3/4=3/12

Sacrificed Share by Vinod for Prabhakar = 1/5of1/4=1/20

New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

Arjun = 3/4-3/12=9-3/12 =6/12

Vinod = 1/4-1/20=5-1/20 =4/20

Prabhakar = 3/12+1/20 = 15+3/60 = 18/60

New Profit Sharing ratio = 6/12:4/20:18/60

New Profit Sharing ratio = 30:12:18/60

New Profit Sharing ratio = 30:12:18 or 5:2:3

Prabhakar’s Share of goodwill = Rs. 3,60,000 × 3/12 = Rs. 90,000

DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Prabhakar’s Current A/cDr. 90,000 
 To Arjun’s Capital A/c   90,000
 (Being amount of goodwill credited to Arjun’s Account)    

Note to Account:-

Vinod had gifted 1/20th share of goodwill. Hence, no amount of goodwill given to Vinod.

📌 Teacher's Note
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
🗂️ Also remember
Sacrificing Ratio = Old Ratio − New Ratio for each existing partner. Unless the question states a different agreement, partners are assumed to sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio.
Q106 A and B share profit in the proportions of ¾ and ¼. Their Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2025 was as follows: Liabilities Amount Rs…

A and B share profit in the proportions of ¾ and ¼. Their Balance Sheet as at March 31, 2025 was as follows:

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Sundry Creditors4,15,000Cash at Bank2,65,000
Reserve Fund40,000Bills Receivable30,000
Capital Accounts:
A
B
3,00,000
1,60,000
Debtors
Stock
Fixtures
1,60,000
2,00,000
10,000
  Land and Buildings2,50,000
 9,15,000 9,15,000

On April 1, 2020, C was admitted into partnership for 1/4th share on the following terms:

(a) That C pays 1,00,000 as his capital.

(b) That C pays Rs. 50,000 for goodwill. Half of this sum is to be withdrawn by A and B.

(c) That stock and fixtures be reduced by 10% and a 5% provision for doubtful debts be created on Sundry Debtors and Bills Receivable.

(d) That the value of land and buildings be appreciated by 20%.

(e) There being a claim against the firm for damages, a liability to the extent of Rs. 10,000 should be created.

(f) An item of Rs. 6,500 included in sundry creditors is not likely to be claimed and hence should be written back.

Record the above transactions (journal entries) in the books of the firm assuming that the profit sharing ratio between A and B has not changed. Prepare the new Balance Sheet on the admission of Mr. C.

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 General Reserve A/cDr. 40,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   30,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   10,000
 (Being general reserve transfer to capital account)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 5,180 
 To Fixtures A/c   20,000
 To Stock A/c   1,000
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts on BR A/c   1,500
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts on Debtors A/c   8,000
 To Damages Payable A/c   10,000
 (Being decrease in the value of assets and liabilities created for damages)    
 Land and Building A/cDr. 50,000 
 Sundry Creditors A/cDr. 6,500 
 To Revaluation A/c   56,500
 (Being increases in the value of land and building and decrease in creditors)    
 Revaluation A/cDr. 16,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   12,000
 To B’s Capital A/c   4,000
 (Being profit on revaluation transfer to capital account)    
 Bank A/cDr. 1,50,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   1,00,000
 To Goodwill A/c   50,000
 (Being capital and goodwill introduced by C)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 50,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   37,500
 To B’s Capital A/c   12,500
 (Being goodwill credited to partner’s capital account)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 18,750 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 6,250 
 To Bank A/c   25,000
 (Being excess capital credited to current account)    

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsABCParticularsABC
To Bank A/c18,7506,250 By Balance b/d3,00,0001,60,000 
To Balance c/d3,60,7501,80,2501,00,000By Reserve Fund A/c30,00010,000 
    By Revaluation A/c12,0004,000 
    By Bank A/c  1,00,000
    By Goodwill A/c37,50012,500 
        
 3,97,5001,86,5001,00,000 3,97,5001,86,5001,00,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors 4,08,500Cash at Bank3,90,000
Damages Payable10,000Bills Receivable30,000 
Capital  Less: Provision for BR1,50028,500
A3,60,750 Debtors1,60,000 
B1,80,250 Less: Provision for DD8,0001,52,000
C1,00,0006,41,000Stock 1,80,000
   Fixtures 9,000
   Land and Building 3,00,000
 10,59,500 10,59,500
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q107 Following is the Balance Sheet of Shashi and Ashu sharing profits as 3:2. Liabilities Amount Rs. Assets Amount Rs. Creditors Gener…

Following is the Balance Sheet of Shashi and Ashu sharing profits as 3:2.

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Creditors
General Reserve
Workmen's Compensation Reserve
1,80,000
2,50,000
1,50,000
Debtors 2,20,000
Less : Provision for
 Doubtful Debt 10,000
2,10,000
Capital : Shashi1,50,000Land & Building1,80,000
Ashu1,00,000Plants & Machinery1,20,000
  Stock1,10,000
  Bank2,10,000
 8,30,000 8,30,000

On admission of Tanya for 1/6th share in the profits it was decided that :

Provision for doubtful debts to be increased by Rs. 15,000.

Value of land and building to be increased to Rs. 2,10,000.

Value of stock to be increased by Rs. 25,000.

The liability of workmen's compensation claim was determined to be Rs. 1,20,000.

Tanya brought in as her share of goodwill Rs. 1,00,000 in cash.

Tanya was to bring further cash of Rs. 1,50,000 for her capital.

Prepare Revaluation A/c, Capital A/cs and Balance Sheet of the new firm.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Provision for Doubtful Debts A/c15,000By Land and Building A/c30,000
  By Stock A/c25,000
To Profit trf. to capital a/c   
Shashi24,000   
Ashu16,00040,000  
 55,000 55,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsShashiAshuTanyaParticularsShashiAshuTanya
To Balance c/d4,02,0002,68,0001,50,000By Balance b/d1,50,0001,00,000-
    By General Reserve A/c1,50,0001,00,000-
    By Revaluation A/c24,00016,000-
    By Workmen’s Comp. Fund A/c18,00012,000-
    By Bank A/c--1,50,000
    By Goodwill A/c60,00040,000-
 4,02,0002,68,0001,50,000 4,02,0002,68,0001,50,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors 1,80,000Bank4,60,000
Workmen’s Compensation Fund1,20,000Stock 1,35,000
Current A/c  Plant & Machinery 1,20,000
Shashi4,02,000 Debtors2,20,000 
Ashu2,68,000 Less: Provision for DD25,0001,95,000
Tanya1,50,0008,20,000Land and Building 2,10,000
      
      
 11,20,000 11,20,000
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q108 P and S were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their Balance Sheet as at 31-3-2025 was as follows: Liabiliti…

P and S were partners in a firm sharing profits in the ratio of 3:2. Their Balance Sheet as at 31-3-2025 was as follows:

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Bank Overdraft20,000Cash8,000
Creditors30,000Debtors30,000
Provision for bad debts1,000Bills Receivable40,000
General Reserve15,000Stock50,000
V's Loan20,000Building90,000
Capitals :
P  1,00,000
 S 1,80,000
2,80,000Land1,48,000
 3,66,000 3,66,000

On 1-4-2025 they admitted V as a new partner on the following conditions :

V will get 1/8th share in the profits of the firm.

V's loan will be converted into his capital.

The goodwill of the firm was valued at Rs. 80,000 and V brought his share of goodwill premium in cash.

Provision for bad debts was to be made equal to 5% of the debtors.

Stock was to be depreciated by 5%.

Land was be appreciated by 10%.

Prepare Revaluation Account, Capital Accounts of P, S and V and the Balance Sheet of the new firm as on 1-4-2026.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Provision for Bad Debts A/c500By Land and Building A/c14,800
To Stock A/c2,500  
To Profit trf. to capital a/c   
P7,080   
S4,72011,800  
 14,800 14,800

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsPSVParticularsPSV
To Balance c/d1,22,0801,94,72020,000By Balance b/d1,00,0001,80,000-
    By General Reserve A/c9,0006,000-
    By Revaluation A/c7,0804,720-
    By Goodwill A/c6,0004,000-
    By V’s Loan A/c--20,000
 1,22,0801,94,72020,000 1,22,0801,94,72020,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Bank Overdraft 20,000Cash18,000
Creditors30,000Bills Receivable 40,000
Provision for Bad Debts1,500Debtors 30,000
Current A/c  Stock 47,500
P1,22,080 Building 90,000
S1,94,000 Land 1,62,800
V20,0003,36,800   
 3,88,300 3,88,300
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
Q109 A and B share the profits of a business in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C into the firm for a 1/4th share in the profits to be con…

A and B share the profits of a business in the ratio of 5:3. They admit C into the firm for a 1/4th share in the profits to be contributed equally by A and B. On the date of admission of C, the Balance Sheet of the firm was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
A's Capital3,00,000Machinery2,60,000
B's Capital2,00,000Furniture1,60,000
Workmen's Compensation Reserve40,000Stock1,20,000
Bank Loan1,20,000Debtors80,000
Creditors20,000Bank60,000
 6,80,000 6,80,000

Terms of C's admission were as follows:

C will bring Rs. 3,30,000 for his share of capital and goodwill.

Goodwill of the firm has been valued at 4 year's purchase of the average super profits of last three years. Average profits of the last three years are Rs. 2,20,000 while the normal profits that can be earned with the capital employed are 1,40,000.

Furniture is to be appreciated by Rs. 60,000 and the value of stock is to be reduced by Rs. 20,000.

Prepare Revaluation Account, Partner's Capital Accounts and the new Balance Sheet of A, B and C.

✅ Solution

Revaluation Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
To Stock A/c20,000By Furniture A/c60,000
To Profit trf. to capital a/c   
A25,000   
B15,00040,000  
 60,000 60,000

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsPSVParticularsPSV
To Balance c/d3,90,0002,70,0002,50,000By Balance b/d3,00,0002,00,000-
    By Workmen Comp. Reserve A/c25,00015,000-
    By Revaluation A/c25,00015,000-
    By Goodwill A/c40,00040,000-
    By Bank A/c--2,50,000
 3,90,0002,70,0002,50,000 3,90,0002,70,0002,50,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors20,000Bank 3,90,000
Bank Loan1,20,000Debtors 80,000
Capital A/c  Stock 1,00,000
A3,90,000 Furniture 2,20,000
B2,70,000 Machinery 2,60,000
C2,50,0009,10,000   
 10,50,000 10,50,000
📝 Working Note

Calculation of Goodwill :-

Super Profit = Average Profit – Normal Profit

Super Profit = Rs. 2,20,000 – Rs. 1,40,000

Super Profit = Rs. 80,000

Goodwill = Super profit × No. of Year Purchases

Goodwill = Rs. 80,000 × 4

Goodwill = Rs. 3,20,000

C’s Share = Rs. 3,20,000 ×1/4 = Rs. 80,000

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
Super Profit = Actual Average Profit − Normal Profit, where Normal Profit = Capital Employed × Normal Rate of Return/100. Goodwill = Super Profit × Number of Years' Purchase.
Q110 A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses as 5: 3. The position of the firm as at 31st March, 2022 was as follows:…

A and B are partners in a firm sharing profits and losses as 5: 3. The position of the firm as at 31st March, 2022 was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
Capital Accounts:
 A 30,000
 B 20,000
50,000Plant and Machinery
Stock
Sundry Debtors
40,000
30,000
20,000
Sundry Creditors15,000Bills Receivable10,000
Bank Overdraft42,500Cash at Bank7,500
 1,07,500 1,07,500

On 1st April, 2022, C joins them on condition that he will share 3/4th of the future profits, the balance of profits being shared by A and B as 5:3. He introduces Rs. 40,000 by way of capital and further Rs. 4,000 by way of premium for goodwill. He also provides loan to the firm to pay off bank overdraft. A and B to depreciate Plant by 10% and to raise a reserve against Sundry Debtors @ 5%.

You are asked to journalize the entries in the books of the firm and show the resultant Balance Sheet. How will the partners share future profits?

✅ Solution
DateParticularsL.F.Amount Dr.Amount Cr.
 Revaluation A/cDr. 5,000 
 To Provision for Doubtful Debts on Debtors A/c   4,000
 To Plant and Machinery A/c   1,000
 (Being decrease in the value of assets and liabilities created for damages)    
 A’s Capital A/cDr. 3,125 
 B’s Capital A/cDr. 1,875 
 To Revaluation A/c   5,000
 (Being loss on revaluation transfer to capital account)    
 Bank A/cDr. 44,000 
 To C’s Capital A/c   40,000
 To Goodwill A/c   4,000
 (Being capital and goodwill introduced by C)    
 Goodwill A/cDr. 4,000 
 To A’s Capital A/c   2,500
 To B’s Capital A/c   1,500
 (Being goodwill credited to partner’s capital account)    
 Bank Overdraft A/cDr. 42,500 
 To C’s Loan A/c   42,500
 (Being loan provided by C to pay off bank overdraft)    
 (Being excess capital credited to current account)    

Partner’s Capital Account

Dr. Cr.
ParticularsABCParticularsABC
By Revaluation A/c3,1251,875-By Balance b/d30,00020,000-
To Balance c/d3,90,0002,70,0002,50,000By Goodwill A/c2,5001,500-
    By Bank A/c--40,000
 32,50021,50040,000 32,50021,50040,000

Balance Account

Dr. Cr.
LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors15,000Bank 51,500
C’s Loan42,500Bills Receivable 10,000
Capital A/c  Sundry Debtors20,000 
A29,375 Less: Provision for DD1,00019,000
B19,625 Stock 30,000
C40,00089,000Plant and Machinery 36,000
 1,46,500 1,46,500

Calculation of New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

C’s Share = 3/4

Remaining Share = 1-3/4=1/4

A’s New Share = 1/4×5/8=5/32

B’s New Share = 1/4×3/8=3/32

C’s New Share = 3/4

New ratio of A, B and C = 5/32:3/32:3/4

New ratio of A, B and C = 5:3:24/32

New ratio of A, B and C = 5 : 3 : 24

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q111 A and B are partners in a firm. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2025 was as follows: Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs. A B 50,000 6…

A and B are partners in a firm. Their Balance Sheet as at 31st March, 2025 was as follows:

LiabilitiesRs.AssetsRs.
A
B
50,000
60,000
Cash
Sundry Debtors
Stock
10,000
80,000
20,000
Creditors15,000Fixed Assets38,600
Outstanding Exp.3,000P & L A/C4,000
Insurance Fund7,000  
Provident Fund1,000  
Employees Saving Fund5,000  
Workmen Profit Sharing Fund2,000  
Workmen Compensation Reserve5,600  
Provision for Doubtful Debts4,000  
 1,52,600 1,52,600

C was taken into partnership as from 1-4-2025 on following terms for 1/6 share :

1. C will bring Rs. 40,000 as his capital.

2. Goodwill is valued at Rs. 12,000 and admitting partner is unable to bring his share of goodwill in cash.

3. Claim an account of Workmen's Compensation is Rs. 3,000

4. Creditors are to be paid Rs. 2,000 more.

5. 2% Provision for Discount on Debtors is required.

6. The share of A in new firm will be 11/2 times of B.

Prepare Revaluation A/c, Capital Accounts and Balance Sheet

✅ Solution

 Revaluation Account

Dr.  Cr.
ParticularsAmount
Rs.
ParticularsAmount
Rs.
To Creditors2,000By Loss transferred to : 
To Provision for Discount1,520 A's Capital A/c 1,760 
   B's Capital A/c  1,7603,520
 3,520 3,520

 Partner’s Capital Accounts

 Particulars A B C Particulars A B C
 To P & L A/C 2,000 2,000 - By Balance b/d 50,000 60,000 -
 To Revaluation 1,760 1,760 - By Insurance Fund 3,500 3,500 -
To Balance c/d 51,04063,04040,000By Workmen Comp. Res.1,3001,300 -
By C's Current A/c 2,000 -
 By Cash - - 40,000
 54,800 66,80040,000 54,800 66,80040,000

Balance Sheet

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Capital:
A 51,040
B 63,040
C 40,000
1,54,080Cash
Sundry Debtors
Stock
Fixed Assets
50,000
80,000
20,000
38,600
Creditors17,000C’s Current A/c2,000
Outstanding Expenses3,000  
Provident fund1,000  
Employee’s Saving Fund5,000  
Workmen Profit Sharing Fund2,000  
Provision for Workmen Comp. claim3,000  
Provision for Doubtful Debts4,000  
Provision for Discount on Debtors1,520  
 1,90,600 1,90,600
📝 Working Notes

1.) Provision for Discount will be 2% on (Rs. 80,000 - Provision for Doubtful Debts = Rs. 4,000

2.) New Profit Sharing Ratio:-

C is admitted for 1/6th share.

Balance 5/6th will be shared by A and B in the ratio of 11/2 : 1 OR 3 : 2

A's New Ratio = 5/6 ×3/5 = 3/6

B's New Ratio5/6 ×2/5 =2/6

C's New Ratio= 1/6

Calculation of Sacrificing Ratio:-

A’s Share = 1/2 -3/6 =0

B’s Share = 1/2 -2/6 =1/6

Hence, only B has sacrificed.

📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.
🗂️ Also remember
If the new partner brings goodwill (premium) in cash, it is credited to the sacrificing partners' capital accounts in their sacrificing ratio. If not brought in cash, it is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead of being raised as an asset.
Q112 The Balance Sheet of A and B as at 31st March, 2025 is given below: Balance Sheet Liabilities Amount Rs. Assets Amount Rs. A’s Cap…

The Balance Sheet of A and B as at 31st March, 2025 is given below:

Balance Sheet

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
A’s Capital60,000Freehold Property20,000
B’s Capital30,000Furniture6,000
General Reserve24,000Stock12,000
Creditors16,000Debtors80,000
  Cash12,000
 1,30,000 1,30,000

A and B share profits and losses in the ratio of 2:1. They agree to admit P into the firm subject to the following terms and conditions:

(a) P will bring in Rs. 21,000 of which Rs. 9,000 will be treated as his share of Goodwill to be retained in the business.

(b) P will be entitled to 1/4th Share of profit of the firm.

(c) 50% of the General Reserve is to remain as a provision for bad and doubtful debts.

(d) Furniture is to be depreciated by 5%.

(e) Stock is to be revalued at Rs. 10,500.

Prepare Revaluation Account, Capital Accounts and Opening Balance Sheet of the new firm.

✅ Solution

 Revaluation Account

Dr.  Cr.
ParticularsAmount
Rs.
ParticularsAmount
Rs.
To Furniture A/c300By Loss Trf. to Capital A/c 
To Stock A/c1,500 A’s Capital A/c (1,800 × 2/3) 1,200 
   B’s Capital A/c (1,800 × 1/3) 6001,800
 1,800 1,800

 Partner’s Capital Accounts

 Particulars A B C Particulars A B C
 To Revaluation A/c 1,200 600 By Balance b/d 60,000 30,000
To Balance c/d 72,80036,40012,000 By Cash A/c 12,000
   By General Reserve A/c8,0004,000
By Pre. For goodwill A/c 6,000 3,000
 74,000 37,00012,000 74,000 37,00012,000

Balance Sheet

LiabilitiesAmount
Rs.
AssetsAmount
Rs.
Creditors16,000Freehold Property20,000
  Furniture5,700
Capital A/cs Stock10,500
A’s Capital A/c72,800 Debtors80,000 
B’s Capital A/c36,400 Less: Pro. For DD12,00068,000
C’s Capital A/c12,0001,21,200Cash33,000
 1,37,200 1,37,200
📌 Teacher's Note
Increase in the value of an asset or decrease in a liability is a GAIN and is credited to Revaluation A/c; decrease in an asset or increase in a liability is a LOSS and is debited to Revaluation A/c. The net profit/loss on revaluation is transferred to the OLD partners' capital accounts in their OLD ratio.

✗ Common Mistakes Students Make

✗ Assuming the new ratio without checking the sacrifice agreement
If old partners don't sacrifice equally or don't say how they sacrifice, assume they sacrifice in their OLD profit-sharing ratio — read the question carefully for any stated sacrifice agreement first.
✗ Crediting goodwill to all partners instead of only sacrificing partners
Only the sacrificing (old) partners receive the new partner's premium for goodwill, in their sacrificing ratio — the new partner never receives a share of their own goodwill payment.
✗ Putting revaluation gain/loss in the new ratio
Revaluation profit or loss belongs to the OLD partners in their OLD ratio, since it relates to assets/liabilities as they stood before the new partner joined.
✗ Forgetting reserves and accumulated losses on admission
General Reserve, Workmen Compensation Reserve, and accumulated P&L must be distributed to OLD partners in the OLD ratio before the new partner's capital account is opened.
✗ Mixing up the four goodwill valuation methods
Average Profit, Weighted Average Profit, Super Profit, and Capitalisation methods use overlapping figures but arrive at goodwill differently — always confirm which method the question specifies.
✗ Getting confused when goodwill is not brought in cash
If the new partner can't bring in their share of goodwill in cash, it is adjusted through capital accounts (gaining/new partner's capital debited, sacrificing partners' capital credited) rather than left out entirely.

❓ Frequently Asked Questions

How is the new profit-sharing ratio calculated on admission of a partner?

Subtract the new partner's share from 1 (the whole), then divide the remainder among the old partners according to their agreed sacrifice — usually in their old ratio unless the question states otherwise.

What happens if the new partner cannot bring in goodwill in cash?

The value of goodwill is adjusted through the partners' capital accounts instead: the new (or gaining) partner's capital account is debited, and the sacrificing partners' capital accounts are credited, in the sacrificing ratio.

Who gets the profit or loss on revaluation of assets and liabilities?

Only the OLD partners, in their OLD profit-sharing ratio — because the revaluation relates to the firm's position before the new partner was admitted.

Why are reserves and accumulated losses distributed before admission?

Because they were built up while only the old partners were sharing profits, so it would be unfair for the incoming partner to receive a share of profits/losses earned before they joined.

Is this DK Goel Solutions Chapter 3 useful for CBSE 2026-27 board exams?

Yes, based on the latest DK Goel Double Entry Book Keeping textbook (2026-27 edition) and the CBSE Accountancy syllabus for Reconstitution of Partnership — Admission of a Partner.