CBSE Class 12 Physical Education Sample Paper 2026 27 with Solutions PDF Download

Section -A

1. Rules and regulations of a sports tournament are the responsibility of ________ committee? [1 Mark]
(a) Technical
(b) Logistics
(c) Marketing
(d) Finance

Answer: (a) Technical

Teacher's Note:
a) The technical committee handles rules, officials and the conduct of matches.
b) Do not confuse it with the logistics committee, which looks after arrangements like transport and equipment.

2. Given below are the two statements labelled Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Assertion (A): In this type of tournament, a team once defeated gets eliminated only the winners continue in the competition.
Reason (R): Good team once lost cannot make a comeback.
In context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct? [1 Mark]
(a) A is true, but R is false
(b) A is false, but R is true
(c) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(d) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A

Answer: (c) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

Teacher's Note:
a) The Assertion describes a knockout tournament, where a defeated team is out.
b) Since a losing team is eliminated, even a good team cannot come back, which explains the Assertion.

3. Match the following [1 Mark]
(a) Knock knee - (i) Increase exaggeration of backward curve
(b) Kyphosis - (ii) Wide gap between the knees when standing with feet together
(c) Lordosis - (iii) Knees touch each other in normal standing position;
(d) Bow legs - (iv) Inward curvature of the spine
(a) A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
(b) A-(i), B-(iii), C-(iv), D-(ii)
(c) A-(iv), B-(ii), C-(i), D-(iii)
(d) A(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

Answer: (a) A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)

Teacher's Note:
a) Knock knee - knees touch; Bow legs - wide gap between the knees.
b) Kyphosis is the exaggerated backward curve (hunch back); Lordosis is the exaggerated inward curve of the lower spine.
c) Options (a) and (d) are printed with the same pairs; the marking scheme gives (a).

4. How much carbohydrates are required for strength dominant sports? [1 Mark]
(a) 40%
(b) 55%
(c) 70%
(d) 80%

Answer: (b) 55%

Teacher's Note:
a) Strength dominant sports need about 55% of energy from carbohydrates, with more protein than endurance sports.
b) Endurance sports need a higher share of carbohydrates, so do not mix the two figures.

5. Identify the yoga asana below. [1 Mark]
(a) Vakrasana
(b) Tadasana
(c) Vajrasana
(d) Ardha Matsyendrasna

[Figure: Photograph of a woman sitting on a yoga mat with one leg stretched straight forward and the other knee bent, twisting her trunk sideways towards the bent knee, with her hands placed on the floor.]

Answer: (a) Vakrasana

Teacher's Note:
a) Vakrasana is a sitting twist with one leg straight and the other knee bent.
b) Tadasana is a standing pose and Vajrasana is a kneeling pose, so they can be ruled out quickly.

6. Which asana is preparatory asana for pawanmuktasana? [1 Mark]
(a) Vajra asana
(b) Bhujang asana
(c) Matsendra asana
(d) Nauka asana

Answer: (c) Matsendra asana

Teacher's Note:
a) The marking scheme gives Matsyendrasana as the preparatory asana for Pawanmuktasana.
b) Learn the asanas under each lifestyle disease along with their preparatory asanas.

7. Who is known as the father of Paralympic games? [1 Mark]
(a) Dr. Ludwig Guttman
(b) George Iser
(c) Pierre de Coubertin
(d) Jacques Rogge

Answer: (a) Dr. Ludwig Guttman

Teacher's Note:
a) Dr. Ludwig Guttman started sports for spinal-injury patients, which grew into the Paralympics.
b) Pierre de Coubertin is the father of the modern Olympic Games - a common trap option.

8. Deficiency of which of the following nutrients leads osteoporosis? [1 Mark]
(a) Iron
(b) Iodine
(c) Calcium
(d) Sulphur

Answer: (c) Calcium

Teacher's Note:
a) Calcium keeps bones dense and strong; its lack makes bones weak and brittle.
b) Iron deficiency causes anaemia and iodine deficiency causes goitre.

9. From the following find water soluble vitamins. [1 Mark]
(a) A, D
(b) E, K
(c) C, A
(d) B, C

Answer: (d) B, C

Teacher's Note:
a) Vitamins B and C dissolve in water.
b) Remember "ADEK" as the fat soluble vitamins.

10. Which of the following is an aerobic endurance test. [1 Mark]
(a) Rockport
(b) Harvard
(c) 6 min walk
(d) 100 m run

Answer: (b) Harvard

Teacher's Note:
a) The Harvard Step Test measures aerobic (cardiovascular) endurance.
b) A 100 m run is a speed test, not an endurance test.

11. Which of the following is an effect of exercise on muscular system? [1 Mark]
(a) Cardiac output
(b) Hypertrophy of muscles
(c) Tidal volume
(d) I.R.V

Answer: (b) Hypertrophy of muscles

Teacher's Note:
a) Regular exercise increases the size of muscle fibres, called hypertrophy.
b) Cardiac output relates to the heart, and tidal volume and I.R.V relate to the lungs.

12. Overstretching of the ligaments near the joints is known as ________. [1 Mark]
(a) Contusion
(b) Sprain
(c) Laceration
(d) Fracture

Answer: (b) Sprain

Teacher's Note:
a) Sprain is a ligament injury; strain is a muscle or tendon injury.
b) Contusion is a bruise and laceration is a cut or tear in the skin.

13. ______ refers to the resistance to the motion at the contact of two surfaces. [1 Mark]
(a) Attraction
(b) Friction
(c) Reaction
(d) Acceleration

Answer: (c) Reaction

Teacher's Note:
a) The marking scheme gives Reaction as the answer.
b) In the textbook, the force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact is defined as friction.

14. Biomechanics deals with which of the following? [1 Mark]
(a) Muscles involved in movement
(b) Effect of force on different movements done by human body
(c) To understand the physiology of the body
(d) To understand time and distance concept of various biomechanics

Answer: (b) Effect of force on different movements done by human body

Teacher's Note:
a) Biomechanics applies the laws of mechanics (forces) to human movement.
b) Physiology studies body functions, so option (c) is a different subject.

15. Psychology deals with -. [1 Mark]
(a) Function of body
(b) Activity of air
(c) Anatomy
(d) Behavior

Answer: (d) Behavior

Teacher's Note:
a) Psychology is the science of behaviour and mental processes.
b) Function of body is physiology and structure of body is anatomy.

16. Given below are the two statements labelled Assertion (A) and Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Introverts are more comfortable living alone and being by themselves.
Reason (R): They are actively involved in the world of people and things.
In context of the above two statements, which one of the following is correct? [1 Mark]
(a) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(b) A) is true, but (R) is false
(c) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Answer: (b) (A) is true, but (R) is false

Teacher's Note:
a) Introverts prefer being by themselves, so the Assertion is true.
b) Being actively involved with people and things describes extroverts, so the Reason is false.

17. Two major components of load are _____. [1 Mark]
(a) Specificity and volume
(b) Intensity and volume
(c) Intensity and Progression
(d) Continuity and recovery

Answer: (b) Intensity and volume

Teacher's Note:
a) Training load is made up of intensity (how hard) and volume (how much).
b) Specificity, progression and continuity are principles of training, not components of load.

18. Ability to your muscle overcome resistance is called ______. [1 Mark]
(a) Strength
(b) Speed
(c) Balance
(d) Explosive strength

Answer: (a) Strength

Teacher's Note:
a) Strength is the ability of muscles to overcome resistance.
b) Explosive strength is only one type of strength, combining strength with speed.

Section-B (Attempt any 5)

19. What is Osteoporosis. Mention the factors responsible for it in women. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Osteoporosis is a bone disorder in which bone density decreases, so the bones become weak and fragile.
Factors responsible in women:
1. Menopause - reduced estrogen levels speed up bone loss.
2. Hormonal imbalance, and deficiency of calcium and vitamin D.
3. Lack of physical activity and ageing.
4. Poor nutrition and smoking.

Teacher's Note:
a) 1 mark is for the meaning with the keyword "decrease in bone density".
b) Link the main factor in women to menopause and low estrogen.

20. What do you mean by roughage? Mention its importance also. [2 Marks]

Answer:
Roughage is the indigestible part of food, also called dietary fibre.
Importance: It prevents constipation. It adds bulk to food and holds water, which improves the working of the intestines.

Teacher's Note:
a) Only one point of importance is needed for the second mark.
b) Other accepted points: soluble roughage lowers blood sugar and insoluble roughage softens stool.

21. What changes come in our senses with advancing age? [2 Marks]

Answer:
With advancing age, the efficiency of the sense organs slowly decreases.
1. Vision becomes weaker because the eye lens loses elasticity, and hearing declines, especially for high-frequency sounds.
2. Taste and smell reduce, which affects appetite, and response to stimuli becomes slower, affecting balance and coordination.

Teacher's Note:
a) Mention at least two senses clearly, such as vision and hearing.
b) Adding "slower reaction time" shows the effect on physical performance.

22. What is PRICE? [2 Marks]

Answer: PRICE is the first aid method for soft tissue injuries like sprains and strains. It stands for:
P - Protection
R - Rest
I - Ice
C - Compression
E - Elevation

Teacher's Note:
a) Write all five expansions in the correct order.
b) Do not write "RICE" alone; the question asks for PRICE, which begins with Protection.

23. How extrinsic motivation sometime may kill intrinsic motivation? [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. When a player depends too much on outside rewards, self-interest in the activity reduces, and the player loses the self-satisfaction of playing.
2. External pressure lowers inner enjoyment, and rewards shift the focus from learning the skill to only winning prizes.

Teacher's Note:
a) Extrinsic motivation comes from outside (rewards, prizes); intrinsic motivation comes from inner enjoyment.
b) Keywords to use: over-dependence on rewards, loss of enjoyment, focus on prizes.

24. Suggest any two Isometric exercises for shoulder region. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Wall push - pushing against a wall without any movement.
2. Static shoulder press - pressing upward against a fixed resistance and holding the position.

Teacher's Note:
a) Isometric exercises produce muscle tension without any visible movement of the joint.
b) Other accepted answers: plank, holding dumbbells without movement, isometric push-up hold.

Section-C (Attempt any 5)

25. Discuss how League tournament is a better way to judge the best team of any tournament. Also explain one of its methods to declare the winner [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Every team gets an equal opportunity to play against all other teams, so the strongest team is found.
2. No team is eliminated after a single loss, which removes the factor of luck.
3. It gives fair competition and accurate ranking, and teams can improve their performance match by match.
Method to declare the winner - British Method (point system): A team generally gets 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 points for a loss. The team with the maximum points is declared the winner.

Teacher's Note:
a) 2 marks are for the advantages and 1 mark is for the method of declaring the winner.
b) Write the points for win, draw and loss clearly when explaining the method.

26. What is Scoliosis? What are the causes of Scoliosis? [3 Marks]

Answer:
Scoliosis is a deformity in which the spine is tilted to either side of the body. It is a lateral or sideways curvature of the spine.
Causes:
1. Birth defect.
2. Lifting weight towards one side in routine.
3. Arthritis, paralysis or rickets.
4. Cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keyword for the meaning: "lateral (sideways) curvature of the spine".
b) Do not confuse with kyphosis (backward curve) or lordosis (inward curve).

27. What do you understand by the term inclusion? Explain its need and implementation. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Meaning: Inclusion means participation of all people, including Children With Special Needs (CWSN), in physical activities and sports.
2. Need: It ensures equality and social integration, so that no child is left out.
3. Implementation: Rules of games are modified, adapted equipment is used, and inclusive programmes are organised so that all can take part together.

Teacher's Note:
a) 1 mark for meaning and 2 marks for need and implementation.
b) Use the keywords CWSN, equality, modified rules and adapted equipment.

28. What are proteins? Write their functions along with their daily requirement. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Proteins are body-building nutrients.
2. Functions: They help in growth and repair of body tissues, and in muscle development. They also help in the formation of enzymes.
3. Daily requirement: About 1 g per kg of body weight.

Teacher's Note:
a) Any two functions are enough for the functions part.
b) Write the daily requirement with its unit: about 1 g per kg body weight.

29. List down any three advantages of friction. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Gymnastics - Friction between the rod (bar) and the hands is increased so that the gymnast gets a firm grip.
2. Weightlifting - The lifter needs more friction between the feet and the floor to prevent slipping while lifting heavy weights.
3. Badminton - The cloth grip on the racket handle increases friction with the player's hand, so the racket does not slip.

Teacher's Note:
a) Each advantage should be linked to a sports example for full marks.
b) Remember: friction gives grip and prevents slipping.

30. What is self-esteem? How participation in physical activities enhances self-esteem among children? [3 Marks]

Answer:
Self-esteem is a person's feeling of self-worth.
1. Success in sports gives children a sense of achievement and builds confidence.
2. Playing with others gives social interaction and helps children mix with peers.
3. Recognition from peers for good performance makes children feel valued.

Teacher's Note:
a) 1 mark for the meaning and 2 marks for how physical activity enhances it.
b) Keywords: success, confidence, social interaction, peer recognition.

Section-D (There is an internal choice available)

31. Based on above given fixture answer the following questions:

[Figure: Knockout fixture of 19 teams with columns Teams, I R, II R, III R, IV R and V R. Upper Half has teams 1 to 10 (quarters Q.1: teams 1-5, Q.2: teams 6-10); Lower Half has teams 11 to 19 (quarters Q.3: teams 11-15, Q.4: teams 16-19). Teams 1, 2, 3, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 and 19 get a Bye in the first round. First round matches: match 1 (team 4 vs team 5), match 2 (team 6 vs team 7), match 3 (team 14 vs team 15). Second round: match 4 (1 vs 2), match 5 (3 vs winner of match 1), match 6 (winner of match 2 vs 8), match 7 (9 vs 10), match 8 (11 vs 12), match 9 (13 vs winner of match 3), match 10 (16 vs 17), match 11 (18 vs 19). Third round: matches 12, 13, 14 and 15. Fourth round: match 16 (upper half) and match 17 (lower half). Fifth round: match 18, whose winner is marked "Winner".]

(i) Which method is followed in drawing the fixture given above - [1 Mark]
(A) Single knockout
(B) Double knockout
(C) Consolation
(D) Ladder

Answer: (A) Single knockout

Teacher's Note:
a) The fixture has 19 teams split into an upper half (teams 1-10) and a lower half (teams 11-19), with 13 byes (6 in the upper half, 7 in the lower half) and 18 numbered matches ending in one winner.
b) Each team plays until it loses once, which is the single knockout method.

(ii) The formula for number of matches played in the above tournament is- [1 Mark]
(A) N(N-1)
(B) N-1
(C) N+1
(D) Nx2

Answer: (B) N-1

Teacher's Note:
a) In a knockout tournament, total matches = N - 1; here 19 - 1 = 18 matches, as shown in the fixture.
b) N(N-1) is the formula for a double league, not a knockout.

(iii) If 7 teams participate in a double league tournament such as in IPL, how many matches will be conducted in the first phase of the league? [1 Mark]
(A) 42
(B) 45
(C) 54
(D) 58

Answer: (A) 42

Teacher's Note:
a) Double league matches = \( N(N-1) = 7 \times 6 = 42 \).
b) A single league would have \( \frac{N(N-1)}{2} = 21 \) matches.

(iv) In this type of tournament, a team once defeated get [1 Mark]
(A) Rematch
(B) Consolationaward
(C) Elimination
(D) Bye

Answer: (C) Elimination

Teacher's Note:
a) In a knockout tournament, a team that loses once is eliminated.
b) A bye is a free pass to the next round given before a match, not after a defeat.

OR

Which no. of team in the above given fixture will be given the 7th bye? [1 Mark]
(A) 2
(B) 5
(C) 12
(D) 18

Answer: (C) 12

Teacher's Note:
a) Byes are given in order: 1st to the last team of the lower half (19), 2nd to the first team of the upper half (1), 3rd to the first team of the lower half (11), 4th to the last team of the upper half (10), 5th to team 18, 6th to team 2, and 7th to team 12.
b) Always begin with the last team of the lower half and then alternate between the halves.

For Visually Impaired Candidates (in lieu of Q. 31)

31. The sports captain of XYZ school organized a basketball tournament on knockout basis. He found spectators were losing interest in the tournament because the best 2 teams got knocked out in the beginning. Answer the following questions-

(i) Which provision could have avoided this kind of situation? [1 Mark]
(A) Bye
(B) Pool
(C) Seeding
(D) Halves

Answer: (C) Seeding

Teacher's Note:
a) Seeding places strong teams in different parts of the fixture so they do not meet early.
b) A bye only gives a free pass; it does not keep strong teams apart.

(ii) If the number of teams is 58, How many byes will be given? [1 Mark]
(A) 6
(B) 12
(C) 7
(D) 9

Answer: (A) 6

Teacher's Note:
a) Byes = next power of 2 minus number of teams = 64 - 58 = 6.
b) Always subtract from the next higher power of 2 (2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64...).

(iii) In a knockout tournament if byes are in odd number, then number of byes in lower half are calculated by- [1 Mark]
(A) (NB+1)/2
(B) (NB-1)/2
(C) NB/2
(D) NB-1

Answer: (A) (NB+1)/2

Teacher's Note:
a) With an odd number of byes, the lower half gets one more bye: \( \frac{NB+1}{2} \).
b) The upper half gets \( \frac{NB-1}{2} \) byes.

(iv) Which of the following tournaments is the most economical- [1 Mark]
(A) Knockout Tournament
(B) League Tournament
(C) Combination Tournament
(D) Challenge Tournament

Answer: (A) Knockout Tournament

Teacher's Note:
a) A knockout tournament has the fewest matches (N - 1), so it needs less time and money.
b) A league tournament is the most expensive because every team plays every other team.

OR

League tournament is also known as - [1 Mark]
(A) Combination Tournament
(B) League cum League tournament
(C) Round Robin Tournament
(D) Consolation Tournament

Answer: (C) Round Robin Tournament

Teacher's Note:
a) In a round robin, every team plays every other team, which is a league.
b) Consolation tournaments are a type of knockout, not a league.

32. Read the given case study carefully and answer the questions that follow:

The International Paralympic Committee is the global governing body of the Paralympic Movement. Its purpose is to organize the summer and winter Paralympic Games and act as the International Federation for ten sports, supervising and coordinating World Championships and other competitions.

(a) IPC in sports stands for _______. [1 Mark]

Answer: International Paralympic Committee.

Teacher's Note:
a) The full form is given in the first line of the case.
b) Do not write "International Paralympic Council".

(b) What was the reason Paralympic Games got their name? [1 Mark]

Answer: The Games were started for paraplegic athletes, so they got the name Paralympic Games.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keyword: paraplegic athletes.
b) One clear sentence is enough for 1 mark.

(c) Which body governs the Paralympic Movement? [1 Mark]

Answer: The International Paralympic Committee (IPC).

Teacher's Note:
a) The case calls the IPC the global governing body of the Paralympic Movement.
b) Do not write the IOC, which governs the Olympic Movement.

(d) When was the IPC formed? [1 Mark]

Answer: The IPC was formed in 1989.

Teacher's Note:
a) Remember the year 1989 for the IPC.
b) This date is not in the case, so it must be learnt from the chapter.

33. In relation to the pictures, answer the following questions:

[Figure: Four drawings showing first aid for an ankle injury: a foot and lower leg resting in a padded support (top left), a pile of ice cubes (top right), an ankle wrapped with a bandage (bottom left), and a person lying on the back with the injured leg raised and resting on a pile of pillows (bottom right).]

(a) While playing in school ground Aman got injured. The injury is stretching in ligaments. What should be the first step to provide him the first aid? [1 Mark]

Answer: The injury is a sprain. The first step is Protection and Rest - stop the play at once and protect the injured part to prevent further damage, then follow the PRICE method.

Teacher's Note:
a) Stretching of ligaments is a sprain, treated by PRICE.
b) Stopping the activity first prevents the injury from becoming worse.

(b) What is the importance of Elevation? [1 Mark]

Answer: Keeping the injured part raised above the level of the heart reduces swelling.

Teacher's Note:
a) Keyword: "above heart level".
b) The last picture shows the injured leg raised on pillows.

(c) What is the duration of application of ice? [1 Mark]

Answer: Ice should be applied for about 15 to 20 minutes at a time, and repeated at intervals during the first 24 to 48 hours after the injury.

Teacher's Note:
a) Ice reduces swelling and pain.
b) Do not put ice directly on the skin for a long time; wrap it in a cloth.

(d) First aid is focused on what are called 3 'P's, Preserve life, Prevent deterioration and________. [1 Mark]

Answer: Promote recovery.

Teacher's Note:
a) The 3 P's of first aid are Preserve life, Prevent deterioration and Promote recovery.
b) The blank must also begin with the letter P.

For Visually Impaired Candidates (in lieu of Q. 33)

33. Ramesh is an athlete of a school. He is use to do 100m event for his school. He used to do hard work throughout the year to get his best performance. One day he got injured in winter season due to improper warming-up. He has been given first -aid before sent to hospital.

1. Sprain is an injury of _____. [1 Mark]
a) Ligament
b) Bone
c) Muscle
d) Joint

Answer: a) Ligament

Teacher's Note:
a) A sprain is overstretching or tearing of ligaments around a joint.
b) An injury to a muscle or tendon is a strain.

2. In PRICE treatment I stands for ______. [1 Mark]
a) Icing
b) Incision
c) Incline
d) Irritation

Answer: a) Icing

Teacher's Note:
a) PRICE - Protection, Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation.
b) Ice packs reduce swelling and pain.

3. Abrasion is a _____. [1 Mark]
a) Type of fracture
b) Soft tissue injury
c) Joint dislocation
d) Internal injury

Answer: b) Soft tissue injury

Teacher's Note:
a) An abrasion is a scraping of the skin, a soft tissue injury.
b) Fracture and dislocation are bone and joint injuries.

4. Why warming up is necessary? [1 Mark]
a) To avoid injuries
b) To increase body temperature
c) To increase pulse rate
d) All of these

Answer: d) All of these

Teacher's Note:
a) Warming up raises body temperature and pulse rate, which prepares the body and prevents injuries.
b) Ramesh was injured because of improper warming-up.

Section-E (Attempt any 3)

34. What is Diabetes and its types. Draw stick diagram of Gomukhasana and mention its benefits. [5 Marks]

Answer:
Diabetes: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder in which the body cannot regulate the blood glucose (sugar) level because of insufficient production of insulin or improper use of insulin by the body. As a result, blood glucose becomes abnormally high (hyperglycaemia).
Types: 1. Type 1 Diabetes 2. Type 2 Diabetes
Stick diagram of Gomukhasana (described in words): A stick figure sits on the ground with both legs folded so that one knee is placed over the other. One arm goes over the shoulder and bends down the back, the other arm bends up the back from below, and the fingers of both hands are clasped behind the back. The spine is kept straight.
Benefits:
1. Helps control diabetes.
2. Improves digestion.
3. Improves posture and strengthens muscles.
4. Reduces stress.

Teacher's Note:
a) Marks split: 2 for meaning and types, 1 for the stick diagram, 2 for benefits.
b) In the stick diagram, show the stacked knees and the hands clasped behind the back clearly.

35. Make a list of all the test items in Jhonson - Metheny Test of Motor Educability. Explain the procedure of jumping Half turns and jumping full turns Johnson-Metheny educability test battery. [5 Marks]

Answer:
Test items: 1. Forward Roll 2. Backward Roll 3. Jumping Half Turn 4. Jumping Full Turn
(a) Jumping Half Turn:
1. The subject jumps vertically upward from both feet.
2. In the air, the body turns 180 degrees (half rotation).
3. The subject lands on both feet with balance and control; arms may be used freely to help the turn.
4. It tests coordination, balance and motor control, and shows the ability to learn new motor skills.
(b) Jumping Full Turn:
1. The subject jumps upward from a standing position.
2. During the jump, the body rotates 360 degrees (full turn) in the air.
3. The subject lands safely on both feet without losing balance, using proper coordination of arms, legs and trunk.
4. It measures advanced coordination, agility and motor educability, and shows the capacity to learn complex motor skills.

Teacher's Note:
a) Marks split: 1 for the list of items and 2 each for the two procedures.
b) Mention the degree of rotation clearly: 180 degrees for half turn and 360 degrees for full turn.

36. What is Sports training cycle? Explain micro cycle, meso cycle and macro cycle. [5 Marks]

Answer:
Sports training cycle: It is a systematic and planned process of training, divided into different time phases, which aims to help an athlete reach peak performance at the right time of competition.
1. Micro Cycle: It is the shortest unit of training, usually lasting one week (5 to 7 days). It includes daily training sessions, rest and recovery, and focuses on specific objectives like strength, speed or skill.
2. Meso Cycle: It is the medium-term phase, generally lasting 3 to 6 weeks. It is made of several micro cycles and aims to develop a particular fitness component, such as endurance or strength.
3. Macro Cycle: It is the longest phase, usually covering one full season or one year. It includes the pre-season, competitive season and transition period, and its main aim is peak performance in major competitions.

Teacher's Note:
a) 1 mark for the meaning and 4 marks for the three cycles.
b) Always give the duration of each cycle: one week, 3 to 6 weeks, one year or season.
c) Remember the order from smallest to largest: micro, meso, macro.

37. What is a Projectile? Discuss the factors affecting projectile's trajectory. [5 Marks]

Answer:
Projectile: A projectile is an object that is thrown or projected into the air and, after leaving the hand or an implement, moves under the influence of gravity alone. Once released, no further force acts on it except gravity (for example a shot put or a javelin).
Factors affecting the trajectory:
1. Angle of projection: The angle at which the object is released decides the shape of its path. When release and landing are at the same height, an angle of 45 degrees gives the maximum distance.
2. Velocity: The greater the speed of release, the farther the projectile travels.
3. Height of release: The greater the height from which the object is released, the longer it stays in the air and the farther it goes.

Teacher's Note:
a) 2 marks for the meaning and 3 marks for any three factors.
b) Other accepted factors are gravity and air resistance.
c) Use a sports example like shot put or javelin to support your answer.