CBSE Class 12 Geography Population Composition Assignment

Question. Which type of population pyramid shows a bell shape?
(a) Expanding population
(b) Constant population
(c) Declining population
(d) None of the above

Answer : B

Question. The productive group of population covers people of which of the following age group?
(a) 0-15 years
(b) 16-64 years
(c) 15-59 years
(d) 60-65 years

Answer : C

Question. A strong socio-economic development of a country is the result of a high proportion of literate population. This leads to which of the following positive externalities?
(a) Better standard of living of people
(b) Higher social status of women
(c) Better educational facilities
(d) All of the above

Answer : D

Question. Identify the country with the highest sex-ratio in the world.
(a) USA
(b) Latvia
(c) Japan
(d) France

Answer : B

Question. The dependent population of a country covers which of these age groups
(a) 0-15 years
(b) 15-59 years
(c) 59 years and above
(d) Both (a) and (c)

Answer : D

Question. Highest sex-ratio in the world is found in a country of which of the following continent?
(a) Africa
(b) Asia
(c) Europe
(d) Oceania

Answer : C

Question. Consider the following statements and choose the ones which are correct.
1. The world population on an average shows a sex ratio of 102 males per 100 females.
2. According to UN, there are only 72 countries that have a favourable sex ratio for females.
3. The sex ratio is lowest in Qatar.
Codes
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Answer : B

Question. Mining is a
(a) Primary activity
(b) Secondary activity
(c) Tertiary activity
(d) Quaternary activity

Answer : A

Question. Which group is also known as post-reproductive group?
(a) Young population
(b) Working population
(c) Ageing population
(d) Both (b) and (c)

Answer : C

Question. The sex ratio in a country can be expressed as which of the following?
(a) Number of males per thousand females
(b) Number of males per lakh females
(c) Number of females per thousand males
(d) Both (a) and (c)

Answer : D

Question. Age-sex pyramid of Bangladesh and Mexico are of which type?
(a) Expanding population
(b) Declining population
(c) Constant population
(d) None of the above

Answer : A

Question. Which of the following is true about age sex pyramid?
1. It depicts number of males and females in different age groups.
2. It is of various shapes, depending upon the population of a country.
3. Age-sex pyramid of Bangladesh and Mexico are similar.
Codes
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3

Answer : C

Question. Which type of population pyramid usually characterises developed countries where population growth is zero?
(a) Constant population
(b) Declining population
(c) Expanding population
(d) None of the above

Answer : B

Question. Age-sex pyramid of which of the following countries is a perfect triangle?
(a) Australia
(b) Nigeria
(c) Japan
(d) USA

Answer : B

Question. What does the high proportion of young population implies?
(a) Low birth rate
(b) High birth rate
(c) Low death rate
(d) High death rate

Answer : B

Question. Which group is known as productive group?
(a) Young population
(b) Working population
(c) Ageing population
(d) None of the above

Answer : B

Question. Which of the following is not a reason of unfavourable sex ratio against women?
(a) Gender discrimination
(b) Domestic violence
(c) Female infanticide
(d) Marriage

Answer : D

Question. Which type of population pyramid shows a perfect triangular shape?
(a) Expanding population
(b) Constant population
(c) Declining population
(d) None of the above

Answer : A

Question. Match the following and choose the correct option. Population Pyramid shape
A. Constant population 1. Perfect triangle shape
B. Declining population 2. Bell shape
C. Expanding population 3. Narrow Base & Tapered Top Shape
Codes
     A B C
(a) 1 3 2
(b) 2 3 1
(c) 1 2 3
(d) 2 1 3

Answer : B

Question. A country having pyramid of population that has a wide base and sharply tapered top is characterised by which of the following?
(a) Low birth rate, High life expectancy
(b) High birth rate, Low life expectancy
(c) High Death rate, High Birth rate
(d) None of the above

Answer : B

Question. Which of the following is not a primary activity?
(a) Agriculture
(b) Mining
(c) Fishing
(d) Manufacturing

Answer : D

Question. What is the average sex-ratio of the world population?
(a) 102 males per 100 females
(b) 101 males per 100 females
(c) 100 males per 100 females
(d) 100 males per 101 females

Answer : A

Question. The lowest sex ratio in the world is in which country?
(a) Qatar
(b) Saudi Arabia
(c) Nepal
(d) China

Answer : A

Question. Which type of population pyramid shows a narrow base and a tapered top?
(a) Expanding population
(b) Constant population
(c) Declining population
(d) None of the above

Answer : C

Question 1. Which country has the highest sex ratio in the world?
Answer: Latvia (1187 females per 1000 males.)
In simple words: Latvia has more females compared to males than any other country in the world.

Exam Tip: Memorize Latvia for highest sex ratio and UAE for lowest sex ratio to score quick marks in objective questions.

Question 2. Which country has the lowest sex ratio in the world?
Answer: UAE (468 females per thousand males)
In simple words: United Arab Emirates has the lowest proportion of females to males globally due to a high influx of male migrant workers.

Exam Tip: Note the migrant worker factor as the primary reason for the skewed sex ratio in Gulf countries.

Question 3. What is the average sex ratio in the world?
Answer: 990 females per 1000 males.
In simple words: Globally, there are slightly fewer females than males on average.

Exam Tip: Quote the exact global average figure of 990 females per 1000 males when asked about world demographics.

Question 4. How many countries have the unfavourable sex ratio in the world?
Answer: 72 countries
In simple words: A total of 72 countries globally report an unfavourable sex ratio where females are heavily outnumbered.

Question 5. Which country has declining population pyramid?
Answer: Japan
In simple words: Japan experiences negative population growth, reflected by its narrow-based population pyramid.

Exam Tip: Japan is the classic textbook example for an aging and declining population.

Question 6. Which country has constant population pyramid?
Answer: Australia
In simple words: Australia shows a bell-shaped pyramid indicating stable birth and death rates.

Exam Tip: Bell-shaped pyramids represent stability and zero or very low population growth.

Question 7. What is occupational age group of the population?
Answer: 15 to 59 years
In simple words: The working-age population comprises individuals between 15 and 59 years of age.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the age bracket 15-59 years as it forms the economically active workforce.

Question 8. Which is the largest linguistic group in the world?
Answer: Mandarin or Chinese
In simple words: Mandarin Chinese is spoken by the highest number of native speakers globally.

Exam Tip: Mention Mandarin as the primary language family topping global linguistic demographics.

Question 9. Which areas are not attractive for human dwelling in the world?
Answer: Mountain, arid and forest (including harsh climatic areas).
In simple words: Extreme environments like high mountains, hot or cold deserts, and dense forests discourage human settlement.

Exam Tip: Group your points under physical barriers such as relief, climate, and vegetation.

Question 10. What is the average density of population in the world according to 2001 census?
Answer: World population Density = World's population (6.8 billion) \(\div\) Earth's Land area (150 million km\(^2\)) = 45.3 per km\(^2\).
In simple words: On average, there are about 45 people living in every square kilometer of land across the earth.

Exam Tip: Show the formula (Total Population \(\div\) Total Land Area) clearly to earn full marks.

Question 11. What is Sex ratio? Why is Sex-ratio unfavourable to women in some countries of the world? Explain any four reasons.
Answer: Sex Ratio = \(\frac{\text{Female Population}}{\text{Male Population}} \times 1000\) (or expressed as number of females per thousand males).
Sex ratio - unfavourable to women - reasons are:
(1) Practice of Female Foeticide.
(2) Female infanticide.
(3) Domestic violence against women.
(4) Lower Socio-economic status of women.
In simple words: Sex ratio is the ratio between men and women. Social discrimination and medical malpractice cause it to be unfavourable to women in many regions.

Exam Tip: List all four socio-cultural points clearly with bullet numbers as demanded by the question.

Question 12. State the factors which discourage women to migrate from rural to urban areas in India.
Answer: High female participation in farming activities in rural areas
- Shortage of housing.
- High cost of living in urban areas.
- Paucity of job opportunities.
- Lack of security in urban areas.
- Social constraints.
In simple words: Women find fewer incentives to move to cities due to active rural farming roles, high urban living costs, safety concerns, and social ties.

Question 13. The shape of the pyramid reflects the characteristics of the population. Explain the statement with suitable examples.
Answer: A population pyramid is used to show the age-sex structure of the population
- The left side shows the percentage of males while the right side shows the percentage of women in each age group.
- Triangular shaped pyramid reflects expanding population. There is larger population in lower age groups due to high birth rates. eg: Age sex pyramid of Bangladesh.
- Bell shaped pyramid shows that birth and death rates are almost equal leading to a near constant population eg. age sex pyramid of Australia.
- The Japan pyramid has a narrow base and a tapered towards the top showing low birth and death rates. The population growth is usually zero or negative.
In simple words: The physical shape of a population pyramid tells us whether a country's population is growing, stable, or shrinking.

Exam Tip: Give specific country examples (Bangladesh, Australia, Japan) for each pyramid shape.

Question 14. How the process of urbanization brings differentiation and imbalance in population size between urban and rural population size in various parts of the world.
Answer: - In Western countries males out number females in rural areas and females out number the males in urban areas.
- The excess of females in urban areas of USA, Canada and Europe is the result of influx of females from rural areas to avail of the vast job opportunities.
- Farming in these developed countries is highly mechanized and remains largely a male occupation.
- In African and Asian countries urban areas remains male dominated due to predominance of male migration.
- In countries like India, female participation in farming activity in rural area is fairly high. Shortage of housing, high cost of living, paucity of job opportunities and lack of security in cities discourage women to migrate from rural to urban areas.
In simple words: Urbanization creates distinct gender imbalances in cities and villages based on whether farming is mechanized or labor-intensive.

Exam Tip: Distinguish clearly between developed Western patterns and developing Asian/African migration trends.

Question 15. List the factors influencing the literacy ratio.
Answer: (1) Level of economic development
(2) Urbanisation
(3) Status of woman in society.
(4) Availability of education facilities
(5) Govt. policies
In simple words: Literacy rates depend on economic growth, city influence, gender equality, school infrastructure, and government support.

Exam Tip: Bullet points with clear headings work best for factor-based geographical questions.