CBSE Class 12 Geography Fundamental of Human Geography Assignment Set 01

Question. The subject matter of population geography is taken from which of the following areas?
(a) Anthropology
(b) Economics
(c) Demography
(d) Welfare economics

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following laid emphasis on the perception of space by social categories based on ethnicity, race and religion?
(a) Humanistic school of thought
(b) Radical school of thought
(c) Behavioural school of thought
(d) None of the above

Answer : C

Question. Health resorts on high lands, ports on the coasts, and satellites in the space, are termed as which type of interaction?
(a) Possibilism
(b) Neo-determinism
(c) Environmental Determinism
(d) Naturalisation of Humans

Answer : A

Question. ‘‘Humans are restricted by the constraints of the natural environment.’’ This idea can be described as
(a) environmental determinism
(b) neo-liberalism
(c) possibilism
(d) spatial analysis

Answer : A

Question. ‘‘Nature provides opportunities and human beings use these opportunities. Slowly nature gets humanised.’’ The statement above describes which of the following idea?
(a) Possibilism
(b) Environmental Determinism
(c) Spatial Analysis
(d) Areal Differentiation

Answer : A

Question. Griffith Taylor popularised which of the following ideas/concepts?
(a) Possibilism
(b) Determinism
(c) Neo-determinism
(d) Areal differentiation

Answer : C

Question. ‘‘Human Geography is the systematic study of relationship between human societies and earth’s surface.’’ This definition was given by
(a) Ratzel
(b) Ellen C Semple
(c) Vidal de la Blache
(d) None of these

Answer : A 

Question. The early colonial period was characterised by which of the following approaches to Human Geography?
(a) Regional analysis
(b) Areal differentiation
(c) Exploration and description
(d) Spatial organisation

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following periods marked the emergence of spatial organisation approach in Human geography?
(a) Late 1960s to early 1970s
(b) Late 1950s to late 1960s
(c) 1970s
(d) 1990s

Answer : B

Question. Which concept was defined on the basis of traffic signal lights?
(a) Environmental Determinism
(b) Possibilism
(c) Neo - Determinism
(d) None of the above

Answer : C

Question. The approach of spatial organisation emerged in Geography during which period?
(a) Late 1960s to early 1970s
(b) Late 1950s to late 1960s
(c) 1970s
(d) 1990s

Answer : B

Question. ‘The Radical School of Geography’ was inf luenced by which of the following?
(a) Marxian Theory
(b) Kant’s Theory
(c) Gandhian Philosophy
(d) None of these

Answer : A

Question. Which branch of Geography deals with the relation between physical and socio-cultural environment?
(a) Physical Geography
(b) Human Geography
(c) Environmental Geography
(d) None of the above

Answer : A

Question. ‘The Radical School of Geography’ was inf luenced by which of the following?
(a) Gandhian Philosophy
(b) Kant’s Theory
(c) Marxian Theory
(d) None of the above

Answer : C 

Question. Which of the following is the sub-field of Social geography?
(a) Geography of Leisure
(b) Geography of Resources
(c) Geography of Tourism
(d) Geography of Agriculture

Answer : A

Question. Which of the following best signifies the nature of Human Geography?
(a) It covers all the elements created by men only.
(b) It covers all the elements created by nature only.
(c) It covers all the elements created by both men and nature.
(d) None of the above

Answer : C 

Question. Eskimos living in Igloos is an example of
(a) possibilism
(b) neo-determinism
(c) environmental determinism
(d) None of the above

Answer : C

Question. The subject matter of population geography is taken from .......... .
(a) anthropology
(b) demography
(c) economics
(d) welfare economics

Answer : B 

Question. Naturalisation of humans and humanisation of nature can be studied in?
(a) Social geography
(b) Economic geography
(c) Human geography
(d) Physical geography

Answer : C

Question. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Social Geography – Sociology
(b) Political Geography – Psephology
(c) Population Geography – Resource Economics
(d) Economic Geography – International Trade

Answer : C

Question. What does areal differentiation implies?
(a) Elaborate description of region
(b) Exploration of new areas
(c) Identification of any uniqueness of any region
(d) Use of computers

Answer : C

Question. Arrange the following approaches of Human Geography as per their period of origin.
1. Possibilism
2. Neo-determinism
3. Environmental determinism
4. Post-modernism
Codes
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 4, 3, 2, 1
(c) 3, 1, 2, 4
(d) 3, 4, 2, 1

Answer : C

Question. Arrange the following features of Human Geography as per their period of origin?
1. Emergence of three new schools of thought.
2. Use of sophisticated statistical tools.
3. Universal theories to explain the human conditions were questioned.
4. Elaborate description of all aspects of a region were undertaken.
Codes
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 2, 3, 4, 1
(c) 4, 2, 1, 3
(d) 1, 4, 2, 3

Answer : C

Question. Match the following.
Column I                                                               Column II
(Approaches of Human Geography)            (Period of Origin)
A. Areal Differentiation                                   1. Early colonial period
B. Exploration and                                         2. 1990sdescription
C. Post-modernism                                        3. Late 1950s to late 1960s
D. Spatial organisation                                  4. 1930s through the
    inter-war
E. Emergence of Radical                              5. 1970s
     school
F. Regional Analysis                                      6. Later Colonial Period
Codes
     A B C D E F
(a) 4 1 2 3 5 6
(b) 1 2 3 4 5 6
(c) 6 5 4 3 2 1
(d) 3 4 5 2 1 6

Answer : A

Question. Match the following
       Column I                                 Column II
A. Regional Analysis                  1. Elaborate description of region
B. Exploration and                     2. Exploration of new areas
    description 
C. Areal differentiation               3. Identification of uniqueness
    of any region
D. Spatial origin                        4. Use of computers
Codes
     A B C D
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 3 4 1
(c) 2 4 3 1
(d) 4 3 2 1

Answer : A

CHAPTER-1

FUNDAMENTAL OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY

Human Geography - Nature & Scope

Question 1. Who proposed the concept of Neo-determinism?
Answer: Griffith Taylor
In simple words: Griffith Taylor introduced Neo-determinism as a middle path between environmental determinism and possibilism.

Exam Tip: Memorize key geographers and their respective concepts for 1-mark direct questions.

Question 2. Which subject is called the mother of all branches of knowledge?
Answer: Geography
In simple words: Geography is considered foundational because it integrates physical and social sciences.

Exam Tip: Keep this basic definition clear for introductory geography questions.

Question 3. Which sub field of Geography is called Demography?
Answer: Population geography
In simple words: Population geography studies human populations and shares its core database with demography.

Exam Tip: Link sub-fields correctly to their primary focus areas.

Question 4. Name two major components of Environment (Earth).
Answer: Physical environment and life forms including Human beings
In simple words: The Earth consists of physical elements (non-living) and biological elements (living organisms including humans).

Exam Tip: Always mention both biotic and abiotic components when asked about the environment.

Question 5. What was the approach of Human Geography in colonial period?
Answer: Exploration and description along with regional approach
In simple words: During colonial times, explorers discovered new lands and described their regional characteristics to facilitate imperial control.

Exam Tip: Remember that exploration and regional analysis characterize the colonial phase of geographical studies.

Question 6. Mention two branches of Political Geography.
Answer: Electoral geography And Military geography
In simple words: Political geography branches out into specialized areas like studying voting patterns (electoral) and military strategy or defense locations.

Exam Tip: List any two valid branches such as electoral geography, military geography, or theoretical political geography.

Question 7. What is the theme of possibilism?
Answer: Nature can be conquered
In simple words: Possibilism argues that human beings utilize possibilities provided by nature and shape their environment through technology and culture.

Exam Tip: Contrast possibilism (human freedom and choice) with determinism (nature controls humans).

Question 8. What is Naturalization of Humans?
Answer:
- Human activities are controlled and governed by Environment
- Man is treated as a Passive agent
- Human adjustment in the environment with the help of available technology
- Example of Benda life in Abujhamaad area of central India.
In simple words: When humans live in total harmony with nature and are heavily influenced by natural constraints, it is called environmental determinism or naturalization of humans.

Exam Tip: Use the term environmental determinism alongside naturalization of humans for complete clarity.

Question 9. What is humanisation of Nature?
Answer:
- Man is treated as an independent and active agent
- Everywhere there are possibilities and man is the master of these possibilities.
- Man can transform nature by cultural and technological knowledge
- Example of Cari residing in Trondheim (Norway)
In simple words: Humanisation of nature occurs when humans use technology to modify and shape their natural surroundings.

Exam Tip: Highlight the shift from nature dominating humans to humans modifying nature.

Question 10. Mention three Characteristics of Neo-Determinism.
Answer:
- Introduced by Griffith Taylor
- Reflects the middle path between the ideas of Environmental determinism and possibilism.
- Emphasizes in solving the problems without damaging the environment
- It believes in the concept of Stop and Go Determinism.
In simple words: Neo-determinism promotes sustainable development where human development occurs without destroying ecological balance.

Exam Tip: Always mention the alternative name 'Stop and Go Determinism' when discussing Neo-Determinism.

Question 11. List out the six approaches of human geography.
Answer:
(i) Exploration and description
(ii) Regional analysis
(iii) Areal differentiation
(iv) Spatial Organisation
(v) Emergence of humanistic, radical and behavioural Schools.
(vi) Post - modernism in geography.
In simple words: Human geography evolved through successive methodological approaches from early exploration to modern philosophical schools.

Exam Tip: List them in chronological order for maximum impact during evaluation.

Question 12. Name the fields of Human Geography.
Answer:
(i) Social Geography.
(ii) Urban Geography.
(iii) Political Geography.
(iv) Population Geography.
(v) Settlement Geography.
(vi) Economic Geography.
In simple words: Human geography covers various specialized branches dealing with different facets of human society and spatial organization.

Exam Tip: Memorize at least 5 major fields of human geography with correct terminology.

Question 13. What is qualitative revolution?
Answer: Concerned with the use of computers and sophisticated statistical tools.
In simple words: The quantitative revolution brought mathematical modeling, computers, and statistical methods into geographical analysis. (Note: The term in the question refers to quantitative methods applied in geography).

Exam Tip: Clarify that spatial analysis and quantitative methods revolutionized geographical research in the post-WWII era.

Question 14. Distinguish between regional approach and systematic approach of Geography.
Answer:

In simple words: Systematic approach studies a single phenomenon globally, whereas regional approach studies all phenomena within a specific region.

Exam Tip: Use a tabular format for clear differentiation between geographical approaches.

Question 15. Give three examples to prove that technology can be developed after understanding natural laws
Answer:
(1) Concept of friction and heat developed in the invention of fire.
(2) Perfect understanding of the secrets of DNA and genetics helped to conquer many diseases.
(3) Knowledge of the laws of aerodynamics helped in the invention of faster planes.
In simple words: Technological advancements are built upon a deep scientific understanding of natural laws and principles.

Exam Tip: Provide clear real-world examples connecting scientific laws to technological inventions.