CBSE Class 11 Psychology Human Development Worksheet Set 01

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

1. Define the word Growth and Development?

Growth is a time related process, refers to the physical and physiological changes which are resulting in an organism. In contrast development is a broader term associated with the physical and psychological changes which are taking place in an organism from its birth to till death.

2. What is maturation?

Maturation is an age related process and it can be understood in terms of comparing the growth and development of an organism with the age related set of standards.

3. What is genotype and phenotype?

The actual genetic material or genetic heritage acquired by an individual from his or her ancestors is known as genotype. The phenotype refers to the observable form of genotype which can be understood in terms of various features like eye color, skin color, hair…etc.

4. What is Evolution?

Evolution refers to the gradual and orderly biological changes which are taking place in a particular species due to the change in environment. This particular change is directly leading to the evolution of new species in the nature.

5. Explain the context of development of Urie Bronfernberner?

Micro system: it is the immediate environment of the child and the various elements in this system are the parents, teachers and friends with whom the child is directly dealing and interacting.

Mesosystem: It is the perception of the existing relations between the various micro system units or elements. For example how the parents of a child will think about his/her teachers.

Exosystem: It includes the different events which are taking place in the lives of those associated with the child. For example transfer of parents will make the child to move to a different place and study in a different school and make new friendship.

Macro system: it is the culture where an individual is living and growing.

Chronosystem: It includes major and painful events like divorce of parents, death of the loved ones and parents’ economic setback.

6. Explain the Indian context of development according to Durganand Sinha?

Durganand Sinha (1977) has presented an ecological model for understanding the development of children in Indian context. Ecology of the child could be viewed in term of two concentric layers.

Upper and the more visible layer:

Consist of home, school, peer groups and so on. Elements of upper/visible layer:

Home its conditions in terms of overcrowding, space available to each member, toys, technological devices use etc. Nature and quality of schooling facilities, to which the child is exposed. Nature of interactions and activities undertaken with peer groups.

Surrounding layer of the child’s ecology:

It influences the upper layer’s factors. It includes the general geographical environment, space and facilities outside the home including general congestion of the locality and density of population. Institutional setting provided by the cast, class and other factors. General amenities available to the child like drinking water, electricity means of entertainment ….etc.

7. What are teratogens and how they are affecting prenatal stage development?

Teratogens are harmful environmental agents which are affecting the growth and development of the foetus. The common teratogens which are directly affecting the foetus are toxic chemicals and substances, radiation, pollutants. The pregnant lady during the time period is consuming alcohol or smoking cigarettes and using overdose of chemicals and drugs means it may directly harm and damage the foetus.

Please click on below link to download CBSE Class 11 Psychology Human Development Worksheet Set A