CBSE Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Their Elimination MCQs Set E

Question. The voluntary response to the distension of urinary bladder is
a) menstruation
b) polyurea
c) micturition
d) mellitus
Answer: c

Question. In comparison to blood plasma, percentage of glucose in glomerular filtrate is
a) nil
b) higher
c) lower
d) equal
Answer: d

Question. Which of the following hormone is secreted from kidney ?
a) Aldosterone
b) Renin
c) ANF
d) Erythropoietin
Answer: d

Question. The part of the nephron that helps in active reabsorption of sodium is
a) proximal convoluted tubules
b) distal convoluted tubules
c) Bowman’s capsule
d) ascending limb of Henle’s loop
Answer: d

Question. Juxta-glomerular cells of renal cortex synthesizes an enzyme called
a) oxytocin
b) ADH
c) urochrome
d) renin
Answer: d

Question. The maximum reabsorption of useful substances back into the blood from filtrate in a nephron occurs in
a) distal convoluted tubule
b) collecting duct
c) proximal convoluted tubule
d) loop of Henle
Answer: c

Question. Volume of urine is regulated by
a) ADH alone
b) aldosterone and ADH
c) aldosterone
d) aldosterone, ADH and testosterone
Answer: b

Question. The ascending loop of Henle is permeable for
a) water
b) glucose
c) ammonia
d) sodium
Answer: d

Question. In the renal tubules the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct to water is controlled by
a) growth hormone
b) renin
c) aldosterone
d) vasopressin
Answer: d

Statement Type Questions

Question. Almost all the aquatic animals excrete ammonia as the nitrogenous waste product. Which of the following statement is not in agreement with this situation?
a) Ammonia is released from the body in a gaseous state.
b) Ammonia gets converted into a less toxic form called urea.
c) Ammonia is easily soluble in water.
d) Ammonia is highly toxic and needs to be eliminated as and when formed.
Answer: b

Question. Which of the following statements is/are true?
(i) Urine is hypertonic in distal convoluted tubule.
(ii) When the urine passes into the collecting tubule, it becomes hypotonic.
(iii) Urine is isotonic in proximal convoluted tubule.
(iv) Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it passes through the Henle’s loop.
a) (ii) and (iii) only
b) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
c) (iii) only
d) (i) and (iv) only
Answer: c

Question. Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Glomerular filtrate in Bowman’s capsule is isotonic to the plasma.
b) Counter-current flow of blood in vasa recta helps to retain the reabsorbed sodium in the renal medulla.
c) Glomerular filtrate is protein free plasma.
d) Vasa recta carry glomerular filtrate from distal convoluted tubule to the collecting duct.
Answer: d

Question. Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney’s function and regulation?
a) Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release.
b) During summer when body loses lots of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
c) When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is reduced.
d) An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of Angiotensin II.
Answer: c

Question. Which of the following statement is not correct with respect to human kidney?
a) Blood enters glomerulus through efferent arterioles.
b) The concave part of kidney is called hilus.
c) Malpighian capsules are present in the cortex region.
d) The peripheral region is called cortex and central medulla.
Answer: a

Question. Which part is capable of reabsorption of HCO₃⁻ and selective secretion of hydrogen and potassium ions and NH₃ to maintain the pH and sodium–potassium balance in blood?
a) 3
b) 7
c) 1
d) 5
Answer: b

Assertion/Reason Type Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Kidney maintains the osmotic concentration of the blood.
Reason : Kidney eliminates either hypotonic or hypertonic urine according to the need of the body.
Answer: a

Question. Assertion : Secreting hypotonic urine is effective in reducing urinary loss of water.
Reason : Hypotonic urine is more concentrated and higher in osmotic pressure than the blood.
Answer: d

Question. Assertion : Main constituent of human urine is ammonia.
Reason : If human urine is allowed to stand for some time, it smells strongly of ammonia.
Answer: d

Critical Thinking Type Questions

Question. In a kidney machine, which of the following passes from the blood to the dialysis fluid?
a) Plasma protein
b) Urea
c) Red blood cells
d) Glucose
Answer: b

Question. Urine of a human suffering from diabetes insipidus is
a) concentrated with glucose
b) watery without glucose
c) concentrated without glucose
d) watery with glucose
Answer: b

Question. There is no sugar in urine. The blood entering the kidney has more sugar than leaving the kidney because
a) sugar is absorbed by proximal convoluted tubule
b) sugar is absorbed by bladder
c) sugar is used by kidney cells in metabolism
d) sugar is absorbed in loop of Henle
Answer: a

Question. Which one of the following enables the mammalian kidney to regulate water reabsorption during states of dehydration?
a) the kidney produces a hypotonic urine
b) hormones increase the permeability of the collecting ducts
c) water is extracted from the glomerular filtrate in the proximal tubules
d) the cells of the tubules detect the osmotic pressure of the blood
Answer: b

Question. If the diameter of afferent renal arteriole is decreased and that of efferent renal arteriole increased, ultra-filtration will
a) be faster
b) take place in the same speed
c) be slower
d) not take place
Answer: d

Question. “X” causes reabsorption of “Y” and water from the distal parts of the tubule. This also leads to an increase in “Z” and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Identify X, Y and Z.
a) X: ADH; Y: Na⁺; Z: Blood pressure
b) X: Aldosterone; Y: Na⁺; Z: Blood pressure
c) X: ADH; Y: K⁺; Z: Blood pressure
d) X: Aldosterone; Y: K⁺; Z: Ionic concentration
Answer: b

Question. Which are the following group of hormones participate in the regulation of the renal function?
a) ADH, ANF and Aldosterone
b) ADH, TSH and ANF
c) PCT, TSH and ANF
d) ADH, DCT and Aldosterone
Answer: a

Question. Identify the parts mentioned below which constitute a part of single uriniferous tubule.
i. Loop of Henle
ii. Collecting duct
iii. Bowman’s capsule
iv. Distal convoluted tubule
a) i, ii and iii
b) all of the above
c) ii, iii and iv
d) i, iii and iv
Answer: d