CBSE Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Their Elimination MCQs Set D

Question: Uricotelic mode of passing out nitrogenous wastes is found in
a) reptiles and bird
b) birds and annelids
c) amphibians and reptiles
d) insects and amphibians
Answer: a

Question: Blood vessel leading to glomerulus is called
a) renal artery
b) renal vein
c) efferent arteriole
d) afferent arteriole
Answer: d

Question: A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
a) adrenal cortex to release aldosterone.
b) adrenal medulla to release adrenaline.
c) juxta–glomerular cells to release renin.
d) posterior pituitary to release vasopressin.
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following statement is incorrect?
a) Counter-current flow of blood in vasa recta helps to retain sodium.
b) Glomerular filtrate is protein-free plasma.
c) Vasa recta carry filtrate from DCT to collecting duct.
d) Glomerular filtrate in Bowman’s capsule is isotonic to plasma.
Answer: c

Question: The number of nephrons in a kidney is equal to
a) the number of Bowman’s capsules.
b) the sum of Bowman’s capsules and glomeruli.
c) double the number of Bowman’s capsules.
d) the sum of Bowman’s capsules and Malpighian corpuscles.
Answer: a

Question: The projections of renal pelvis are called
a) hiluses
b) calyces
c) medullary pyramids
d) renal columns
Answer: c

Question: Columns of Bertini in the kidneys of mammals are formed as extensions of
a) Cortex into medulla
b) Cortex into pelvis
c) Medulla into pelvis
d) Pelvis into ureter
Answer: b

Question: The efferent arteriole emerging from the glomerulus forms a fine capillary network around the renal tubule called the
a) vasa recta
b) loop of Henle
c) collecting duct
d) peritubular capillaries
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following components of blood does not enter into the nephron?
a) Urea
b) Water
c) Glucose
d) Plasma protein
Answer: d

Question: In which part of the excretory system of mammals you can first use the term urine for fluid it contains?
a) Bowman’s capsule
b) Loop of Henle
c) Collecting tubule
d) Ureter
Answer: c

Question: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in a healthy individual is approximately
a) 100 ml/minute, i.e., 180 liters per day.
b) 125 ml/minute, i.e., 180 litres per day.
c) 120 ml/minute, i.e., 100 litres per day.
d) 130 ml/minute, i.e., 120 litres per day.
Answer: b

Question: The site and principal mechanism for the passage of glucose into the bloodstream in the human kidney is the
a) collecting duct, by active secretion.
b) distal convoluted tubule, by passive diffusion.
c) glomerulus, by selective reabsorption.
d) proximal convoluted tubule, by selective reabsorption.
Answer: d

Question: Juxta-glomerular apparatus is formed by cellular modification in the
a) afferent arteriole and DCT
b) efferent arteriole and PCT
c) afferent arteriole and PCT
d) efferent arteriole and DCT
Answer: a

Question: The part of the nephron impermeable to water is
a) proximal tubule
b) distal tubule
c) ascending limb of Henle’s loop
d) collecting duct
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following accessory excretory structure eliminates NaCl, lactic acid and urea?
a) Kidney
b) Liver
c) Sebaceous gland
d) Sweat gland
Answer: d

Question: Reabsorption of chloride ions from glomerular filtrate in kidney tubule occurs by
a) active transport
b) diffusion
c) osmosis
d) brownian movement
Answer: b

Question: In comparison to blood plasma, percentage of glucose in glomerular filtrate is
a) higher
b) equal
c) lower
d) nil
Answer: b

Question: Excretion of nitrogenous waste product in semi-solid form occurs in
a) amniotes
b) desert animals
c) ureotelic animals
d) uricotelic animals
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following statement is correct?
a) Vasa recta is not present in cortical nephrons.
b) Maximum number of nephrons are juxtamedullary type.
c) DCT of many nephrons open into collecting tubule.
d) All of the above.
Answer: a

Question: The function of renin is
a) degradation of angiotensinogen
b) stimulation of corpus luteum
c) to reduce blood pressure
d) vasodilatation
Answer: b

Question: Kidney helps in the conservation of useful materials and excretion of wastes and therefore they receive 20% of the heart’s output of blood (as much as the heart and brain combined). On a percentage basis which substance is most completely reabsorbed by the kidneys?
a) Water
b) Glucose
c) Urea
d) Sodium
Answer: b

Question: The hormone that promotes reabsorption of water from glomerular filtrate is
a) Oxytocin
b) Vasopressin
c) Calcitonin
d) Relaxin
Answer: b

Question: Glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule constitute
a) Nephrotome
b) Renal corpuscle
c) Renal capsule
d) Malpighian tubule
Answer: b

Question: The maximum reabsorption of useful substances back into the blood from filtrate in a nephron occurs in
a) PCT
b) Loop of Henle
c) DCT
d) Collecting duct
Answer: a

Question: If Henle’s loop were absent from mammalian nephron which of the following event is to be expected?
a) There will be no urine formation.
b) There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed.
c) The urine will be more concentrated.
d) The urine will be more dilute.
Answer: d

Question: The ascending loop of Henle is permeable for
a) Ammonia
b) Glucose
c) Sodium
d) Water
Answer: c

Question: Which one is an important constituent of renin–angiotensinogen–aldosterone system?
a) JGA cell
b) Macular cell
c) Erythropoietin
d) Plasma cell
Answer: a

Question: Colloidal osmotic pressure in blood plasma is mainly due to
a) Albumin
b) Globulin
c) Fibrinogen
d) Sodium chloride
Answer: a

Question: Ammonia is the main nitrogenous excretory material in
a) Amphibians
b) Turtles
c) Tadpoles
d) Reptiles
Answer: c

Question: The voluntary response to the distension of urinary bladder is
a) Polyurea
b) Micturition
c) Mellitus
d) Menstruation
Answer: b

Question: Which of the following is directly responsible for increasing glomerular blood pressure and hence GFR?
a) Aldosterone
b) ANF
c) Angiotensin II
d) Renin
Answer: c

Question: Volume of urine is regulated by
a) Aldosterone
b) Aldosterone and ADH
c) Aldosterone, ADH and testosterone
d) ADH alone
Answer: b

Question: Loop of Henle takes part in absorption of
a) Potassium
b) Glucose
c) Water
d) Urea
Answer: c

Question: Which region of the kidney nephron is the main site of amino acid reabsorption?
a) Glomerulus
b) Bowman’s capsule
c) Proximal convoluted tubule
d) Distal convoluted tubule
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following statement is not correct with respect to human kidney?
a) The peripheral region is called cortex and central medulla.
b) Malpighian capsules are present in the cortex region.
c) Blood enters glomerulus through efferent arterioles.
d) The concave part of kidney is called hilus.
Answer: c

Question: Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
a) Ascending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes.
b) Descending limb of Loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
c) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO₃⁻.
d) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules.
Answer: d

Question: The part of the nephron that helps in active reabsorption of sodium is
a) Bowman’s capsule
b) Distal convoluted tubules
c) Ascending limb of Henle’s loop
d) Proximal convoluted tubules
Answer: c

Question: Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
a) Loops of Henle
b) Peritubular capillaries
c) Convoluted tubules
d) Collecting ducts
Answer: c

Question: Almost all the aquatic animals excrete ammonia as the nitrogenous waste product. Which of the following statement is not in agreement with this situation?
a) Ammonia is easily soluble in water.
b) Ammonia is released from the body in a gaseous state.
c) Ammonia is highly toxic and needs to be eliminated as and when formed.
d) Ammonia gets converted into a less toxic form called urea.
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following hormone is secreted from kidney?
a) ANF
b) Erythropoietin
c) Rennin
d) Aldosterone
Answer: b

Question: Mechanism of uric acid excretion in a nephron is
a) Osmosis
b) Diffusion
c) Ultrafiltration
d) Secretion
Answer: d

Question: Juxta-glomerular cells of renal cortex synthesizes an enzyme called
a) ADH
b) Oxytocin
c) Renin
d) Urochrome
Answer: c

Question: Why bony fishes, aquatic amphibian and aquatic insects are called ammonotelic animals?
a) They excrete ammonia as their excretory product.
b) They excrete ammonia as a least toxic nitrogenous waste product.
c) They excrete uric acid in the form of pellet and paste with a minimum loss of water.
d) These animals have nephridia as their excretory organ which helps to remove nitrogenous waste and maintain a fluid and ionic balance.
Answer: a

Question: Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney’s function and regulation?
a) During summer when body loses lots of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
b) When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.
c) Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release.
d) An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of Angiotensin II.
Answer: b

Question: Which of the following statement is correct regarding urine formation?
a) Filtration and reabsorption takes place before secretion.
b) Filtration and secretion takes place before reabsorption.
c) Secretion takes place before reabsorption and filtration.
d) Reabsorption takes place before filtration and secretion.
Answer: a

Question: Match the disorders given in column-I with their feature given in column-II and choose the correct option.
Column-I                 ​​​​​​​        ​​​​​​​        ​​​​​​​    ​​​​​Column-II
(Disorders)        ​​​​​​​        ​​​​​​​        ​​​​​​​        ​​​​​​​ (Feature)
A. Uremia                       I. Excess of protein in urine
B. Hematuria                 II. Presence of high ketone bodies in urine
C. Ketonuria                 III. Presence of blood cells in urine
D. Glycosuria               IV. Presence of glucose in urine
E. Proteinuria                V. Excess of urea in blood
(a) A – V; B -III; C – II; D – IV; E – I
(b) A – IV; B – V; C – III; D – II; E – I
(c) A – V; B -III; C – IV; D – II; E – I
(d) A – III; B -V; C – II; D – I; E – IV
Answer: a

Question: Which of the following statements is/are true?
(i) Urine is hypertonic in distal convoluted tubule.
(ii) When the urine passes into the collecting tubule, it becomes hypotonic.
(iii) Urine is isotonic in proximal convoluted tubule.
(iv) Urine becomes more and more hypotonic as it passes through the Henle’s loop.
(a) (i) and (iv) only
(b) (i), (ii) and (iii) only
(c) (ii) and (iii) only
(d) (iii) only
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) Glucose has high threshold value.
(ii) Urine is concentrated in Henle’s loop.
(iii) Haemodialyser removes urea, uric acid, glucose and proteins.
(iv) In glomerulus, urea, uric acid, water, glucose and plasma proteins are filtered out.
(a) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (ii)
(d) (i) and (iii)
Answer: c

Question: Match the excretory functions given in column-I with the parts of the excretory system in column-II. Choose the correct combination from the given options.
Column-I                 ​​​​​​​                  Column-II
(Function)                    (Parts of excretory systems)
A. Ultra filtration                      I. Henle’s loop
B. Concentration                    II. Ureter
     of urine
C. Transport of                      III. Urinary bladder
     urine
D. Storage of urine               IV. Malpighian corpuscle
V. Proximal convoluted tubule
(a) A – IV; B – I; C – II; D – III
(b) A – IV; B – III; C – II; D – I
(c) A – V; B – IV; C – I; D – III
(d) A – V; B – IV; C – I; D – II
Answer: a