CBSE Class 11 Biology Excretory Products and Their Elimination MCQs Set B

Question: Which of the following causes an increase in sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule?
a) Increase in aldosterone levels
b) Increase in antidiuretic hormone levels
c) Decrease in aldosterone levels
d) Decrease in antidiuretic hormone levels
Answer: a

Question: Which one of the following is not a part of a renal pyramid?
a) Peritubular capillaries
b) Convoluted tubules
c) Collecting ducts
d) Loop of Henle
Answer: b

Question: A fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) activates
a) juxtaglomerular cells to release renin
b) adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
c) adrenal medulla to release adrenaline
d) posterior pituitary to release vasopressin.
Answer: a

Question: The principal nitrogenous excretory compound inhumans is synthesised
a) in kidneys but eliminated mostly through liver
b) in kidneys as well as eliminated by kidneys
c) in liver and also eliminated by the same through bile
d) in the liver, but eliminated mostly through kidneys.
Answer: d

Question: Which one of the following statements is correct with respect to kidney function regulation?
a) When someone drinks lot of water, ADH release is suppressed.
b) Exposure to cold temperature stimulates ADH release.
c) An increase in glomerular blood flow stimulates formation of angiotensin II.
d) During summer when body loses lot of water by evaporation, the release of ADH is suppressed.
Answer: a

Question: Uric acid is the chief nitrogenous component of the excretory products of
a) earthworm
b) cockroach
c) frog
d) man.
Answer: b

Question: Which one of the four parts mentioned below does not constitute a part of single uriniferous tubule?
a) Distal convoluted tubule
b) Collecting duct
c) Bowman’s capsule
d) Loop of Henle
Answer: b

Question: Proximal and distal convoluted tubules are parts of
a) seminiferous tubules
b) nephron
c) oviduct
d) vas deferens.
Answer: b

Question: In ureotelic animals, urea is formed by
a) Krebs’ cycle
b) EM pathway
c) Ornithine cycle
d) Cori cycle.
Answer: c

Question: A person is undergoing prolonged fasting. His urine will be found to contain abnormal quantities of
a) fats
b) amino acids
c) glucose
d) ketones.
Answer: d

Question: The basic functional unit of human kidney is
a) nephridia
b) Henle’s loop
c) nephron
d) pyramid.
Answer: c

Question: Two examples in which the nitrogenous wastes are excreted from body in the form of uric acid are
a) birds and lizards
b) frogs and cartilaginous fish
c) insects and bony fish
d) mammals and molluscs
Answer: a

Question: Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in
a) no change in quality and quantity of urine
b) no urine formation
c) more diluted urine
d) more concentrated urine
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following statements is correct?
a) The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
b) The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water.
c) The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes.
d) The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
Answer: d

Question: Angiotensinogen is a protein produced and secreted by
a) juxtaglomerular (JG) cells
b) macula densa cells
c) endothelial cells (cells lining the blood vessels)
d) liver cells.
Answer: d

Question: A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called
a) anuria
b) deamination
c) uremia
d) none of the options.
Answer: a

Question: Under normal conditions which one is completely reabsorbed in the renal tubule?
a) Urea
b) Uric acid
c) Salts
d) Glucose
Answer: d

Question: Brush border is characteristic of
a) neck of nephron
b) collecting tube
c) proximal convoluted tubule
d) all of the options.
Answer: c

Question: Presence of RBC in urine is
a) alkaptonuria
b) urothiasis
c) hematuria
d) proteinuria.
Answer: c

Question: What will happen if the stretch receptors of the urinary bladder wall are totally removed?
a) Micturition will continue.
b) Urine will continue to collect normally in the bladder.
c) There will be no micturition.
d) Urine will not collect in the bladder.
Answer: a

Question: The maximum amount of electrolytes and water (70 – 80 percent) from the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed in which part of the nephron?
a) Ascending limb of loop of Henle
b) Distal convoluted tubule
c) Proximal convoluted tubule
d) Descending limb of loop of Henle
Answer: c

Question: The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is
a) distal convoluted tubule
b) proximal convoluted tubule
c) Bowman’s capsule
d) descending limb of Henle’s loop.
Answer: b

Question: Conversion of ammonia to urea is done by
a) ornithine cycle
b) arginine cycle
c) fumaric cycle
d) citrulline cycle.
Answer: a

Question: Glucose is taken back from glomerular filtrate through
a) active transport
b) passive transport
c) osmosis
d) diffusion.
Answer: a

Question: Which one of the following characteristics is common both in humans and adult frogs?
a) Four chambered heart
b) Internal fertilisation
c) Nucleated RBCs
d) Ureotelic mode of excretion
Answer: d

Question: Uricotelic mode of excreting nitrogenous wastes is found in
a) reptiles and birds
b) birds and annelids
c) amphibians and reptiles
d) insects and amphibians.
Answer: a

Question: The ornithine cycle removes two waste products from the blood in liver. These products are
a) CO₂ and ammonia
b) ammonia and uric acid
c) CO₂ and urea
d) ammonia and urea.
Answer: a

Question: In ornithine cycle, which of the following wastes are removed from the blood?
a) CO₂ and urea
b) Ammonia and urea
c) CO₂ and ammonia
d) Urea and urine
Answer: c

Question: Uricotelism is found in
a) mammals and birds
b) fish and fresh water protozoans
c) birds, land reptiles and insects
d) frogs and toads.
Answer: c

Question: If excess water passes out from the tissue without being restored by the kidneys, the cells would
a) burst open and die
b) take water from the plasma
c) not be affected at all
d) shrivel and die.
Answer: d

Question: Nitrogenous waste products are eliminated mainly as
a) urea in tadpole and ammonia in adult frog
b) ammonia in tadpole and urea in adult frog
c) urea in both tadpole and adult frog
d) urea in tadpole and uric acid in adult frog.
Answer: b

Question: Which one of the following statements in regard to the excretion by the human kidneys is correct?
a) Descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water.
b) Distal convoluted tubule is incapable of reabsorbing HCO3–.
c) Nearly 99 per cent of the glomerular filtrate is reabsorbed by the renal tubules.
d) Ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to electrolytes.
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following factors is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
a) Hydrostatic pressure during glomerular filtration.
b) Low levels of antidiuretic hormone.
c) Maintaining hyperosmolarity towards the medullary interstitium in the kidneys.
d) Secretion of erythropoietin by Juxtaglomerular complex.
Answer: c

Question: The net pressure gradient that causes the fluid to filter out of the glomeruli into the capsule is
a) 50 mm Hg
b) 75 mm Hg
c) 20 mm Hg
d) 30 mm Hg.
Answer: c

Question: Concentration of urine depends upon which organ?
a) Bowman’s capsule
b) Length of Henle’s loop
c) PCT
d) Network of capillaries arising from glomerulus
Answer: b

Question: Reabsorption of useful substances from glomerular filtrate occurs in
a) collecting tube
b) loop of Henle
c) proximal convoluted tubule
d) distal convoluted tubule.
Answer: c

Question: A decrease in blood pressure/volume will not cause the release of
a) atrial natriuretic factor
b) aldosterone
c) ADH
d) renin.
Answer: a

Question: Which one of the following correctly explains the function of a specific part of the human nephron?
a) Podocytes : create minute spaces (slit pores) for the filtration of blood into the Bowman’s capsule
b) Henle’s loop : most reabsorption of the major substances from the glomerular filtrate
c) Distal convoluted tubule : reabsorption of K+ions into the surrounding blood capillaries
d) Afferent arteriole : carries the blood away from the glomerulus towards renal vein.
Answer: a

Question: Human urine is usually acidic because
a) potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity
b) hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate
c) the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular capillaries
d) excreted plasma proteins are acidic.
Answer: b

Question: If Henle’s loop were absent from mammalian nephron, which one of the following is to be expected ?
a) There will be no urine formation.
b) There will be hardly any change in the quality and quantity of urine formed .
c) The urine will be more concentrated.
d) The urine will be more dilute.
Answer: d

Question: Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
a) More water reabsorption due to undersecretion of ADH.
b) Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone.
c) Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction.
d) Decrease in secretion of renin by JG cells.
Answer: b

Question: A person who is on a long hunger strike and is surviving only on water, will have
a) less amino acids in his urine
b) more glucose in his blood
c) less urea in his urine
d) more sodium in his urine.
Answer: c

Question: Which of the following does not favour the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?
a) Renin
b) Atrial-natriuretic factor
c) Alcohol
d) Caffeine
Answer: a

Question: Use of an artificial kidney during hemodialysis may result in
a) Nitrogenous waste build-up in the body
b) Non-elimination of excess potassium ions
c) Reduced absorption of calcium ions from gastro-intestinal tract
d) Reduced RBC production.
Which of the following options is the most appropriate ?
a) (a) and (d) are correct.
b) (a) and (b) are correct.
c) (b) and (c) are correct.
d) (c) and (d) are correct.
Answer: d

Question: Match the items given in column I with those in column II and select the correct option given below.
Column I                          Column II
A. Glycosuria                  (i) Accumulation of uric acid in joints
B. Gout                          (ii) Mass of crystallised salts within the kidney
C. Renal calculi               (iii) Inflammation in glomeruli
D. Glomerular                (iv) Presence of glucose in nephritis urine
      A   B   C   D
a) (iii) (ii) (iv) (i)
b) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
c) (ii) (iii) (i) (iv)
d) (iv) (i) (ii) (iii)
Answer: d