CBSE Class 9 Social Science Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution MCQs Set 02

Answer: (d) Nicholas II

Explanation:
1. Nicholas II abdicated on 2 March 1917, ending the rule of the Tsars.

Teacher's Note:
1. He was forced out by the February Revolution.
2. After him came the Provisional Government.

Answer: (c) The workers

Explanation:
1. Marx argued that the working class should take control of the state and the means of production.

Teacher's Note:
1. Marx wrote about the struggle between workers and owners.
2. This idea inspired the Bolsheviks.

Answer: (b) The Bolsheviks

Explanation:
1. The Bolsheviks under Lenin were the extreme socialists who wanted a communist state.

Teacher's Note:
1. The White Russians fought against the revolution.
2. Mensheviks wanted peaceful change.

Answer: (a) Vladimir Lenin

Explanation:
1. Lenin's government signed a peace treaty with Germany and withdrew from the war after the October Revolution.

Teacher's Note:
1. Russia gave up territories for the sake of peace.
2. This fulfilled the demand for peace.

Answer: (d) 1928

Explanation:
1. Centralised planning began with the first Five Year Plan in 1928.

Teacher's Note:
1. Collectivisation of farms followed from 1929.
2. Planning was a feature of the socialist economy.

Answer: (c) 1991

Explanation:
1. The Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 and split into independent republics.

Teacher's Note:
1. The USSR was formed after the revolution.
2. It lasted about seventy years.

Answer: (b) a representative, elected parliamentary government, but did not support votes for all adults

Explanation:
1. Liberals wanted elected parliaments and the rights of individuals, but felt that mainly men of property should have the vote.

Teacher's Note:
1. Liberals were not in favour of full democracy.
2. Radicals wanted rule by the majority and supported votes for women.

Answer: (a) wanted a government based on the majority and supported women's suffrage

Explanation:
1. Radicals wanted rule by the majority of the population, opposed the privileges of landowners and factory owners, and favoured votes for women.

Teacher's Note:
1. They were not against private property itself.
2. They disliked its concentration in a few hands.

Answer: (d) the root of all social evils of the time

Explanation:
1. Socialists wanted collective social interests to be given more importance than the interests of single property owners.

Teacher's Note:
1. Socialist ideas spread widely by the mid-nineteenth century.
2. Marx and Engels added further ideas to socialism.

Answer: (c) New Harmony in Indiana (USA)

Explanation:
1. Owen set up New Harmony in Indiana, USA, as a cooperative community.

Teacher's Note:
1. Owen was a socialist manufacturer.
2. Louis Blanc wanted the government itself to promote cooperatives.

Answer: (b) strikes, mutinies and the formation of soviets in 1905 foreshadowed the events of 1917

Explanation:
1. The disturbances after Bloody Sunday, mutinies in the navy and army and the birth of soviets were repeated on a larger scale in 1917.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Tsar survived 1905 by issuing a manifesto.
2. He later reversed his promises.

Answer: (a) peaceful workers led by Father Gapon were fired at in St Petersburg

Explanation:
1. Workers marching with a petition to the Tsar were fired on, and over a thousand were killed.

Teacher's Note:
1. This event started the Revolution of 1905.
2. The massacre took place on a Sunday.

Answer: (d) freedom of speech, press and assembly, a constitution and an elected Duma

Explanation:
1. The Tsar made these promises under pressure but later reversed his decision.

Teacher's Note:
1. The promises were not implemented properly.
2. Later the Tsar packed the Duma with conservatives.