NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Mechanical Properties Of Fluids

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Read and download the Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids PDF from the official NCERT Book for Class 11 Physics. Updated for the 2025-26 academic session, you can access the complete Physics textbook in PDF format for free.

NCERT Class 11 Physics Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids Digital Edition

For Class 11 Physics, this chapter in NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Mechanical Properties Of Fluids provides a detailed overview of important concepts. We highly recommend using this text alongside the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Physics to learn the exercise questions provided at the end of the chapter.

Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids NCERT Book Class Class 11 PDF (2025-26)

10.1 INTRODUCTION
In this chapter, we shall study some common physical properties of liquids and gases. Liquids and gases can flow and are therefore, called fluids. It is this property that distinguishes liquids and gases from solids in a basic way. Fluids are everywhere around us. Earth has an envelop of air and two-thirds of its surface is covered with water. Water is not only necessary for our existence; every mammalian body constitute mostly of water. All the processes occurring in living beings including plants are mediated by fluids. Thus understanding the behaviour and properties of fluids is important.
How are fluids different from solids? What is common in liquids and gases? Unlike a solid, a fluid has no definite shape of its own. Solids and liquids have a fixed volume, whereas a gas fills the entire volume of its container. We have learnt in the previous chapter that the volume of solids can be changed by stress. The volume of solid, liquid or gas depends on the stress or pressure acting on it. When we talk about fixed volume of solid or liquid, we mean its volume under atmospheric pressure. The difference between gases and solids or liquids is that for solids or liquids the change in volume due to change of external pressure is rather small.
In other words solids and liquids have much lower compressibility as compared to gases.
Shear stress can change the shape of a solid keeping its volume fixed. The key property of fluids is that they offer very little resistance to shear stress; their shape changes by application of very small shear stress. The shearing stress of fluids is about million times smaller than that of solids.
 
10.2 PRESSURE
A sharp needle when pressed against our skin pierces it. Our skin, however, remains intact when a blunt object with a wider contact area (say the back of a spoon) is pressed against it with the same force. If an elephant were to step on a man’s chest, his ribs would crack. A circus performer across whose chest a large, light but strong wooden plank is placed first, is saved from this accident. Such everyday experiences convince us that both the force and its coverage area are important. Smaller the area on which the force acts, greater is the impact. This impact is known as pressure.
When an object is submerged in a fluid at rest, the fluid exerts a force on its surface. This force is always normal to the object’s surface. This is so because if there were a component of force parallel to the surface, the object will also exert a force on the fluid parallel to it; as a consequence of Newton’s third law. This force will cause the fluid to flow parallel to the surface. Since the fluid is at rest, this cannot happen. Hence, the force exerted by the fluid at rest has to be perpendicular to the surface in contact with it. This is shown in Fig.10.1(a).
The normal force exerted by the fluid at a point may be measured. An idealised form of one such pressure-measuring device is shown in Fig. 10.1(b). It consists of an evacuated chamber with a spring that is calibrated to measure the force acting on the piston. This device is placed at a point inside the fluid. The inward force exerted by the fluid on the piston is balanced by the outward spring force and is thereby measured.

 

NCERT Class 11 Physics Part 2 Mechanical Properties Of Fluids

 

 

 

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Chapter 01 Units and Measurement
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Units And Measurement
Chapter 02 Motion in a Straight Line
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Motion In A Straight Line
Chapter 03 Motion in a Plane
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Motion In A Plane
Chapter 04 Laws of Motion
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Laws Of Motion
Chapter 05 Work Energy and Power
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Work Energy and Power
Chapter 06 System of Particles and Rotational Motion
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Systems Of Particles and Rotational Motion
Chapter 07 Gravitation
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Gravitation
Chapter 08 Mechanical Properties of Solids
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Mechanical Properties Of Solids
Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Mechanical Properties Of Fluids
Chapter 10 Thermal Properties of Matter
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Thermal Properties Of Matter
Chapter 11 Thermodynamics
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Thermodynamics
Chapter 12 Kinetic Theory
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Kinetic Theory
Chapter 13 Oscillations
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Oscillations
Chapter 14 Waves
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 2 Waves
Other Chapters
CBSE Book Class 11 Physics Elastic and Inelastic
CBSE Book Class 11 Physics Errors in Measurement
CBSE Book Class 11 Physics Motion in a Vertical Circle
CBSE Book Class 11 Physics Non Conservative Forces
z NCERT Books for Class 11 Physics in Hindi Medium
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Answer Sheet
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 1
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 2
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 3
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 4
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 5
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 6
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 7
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Chapter 8
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 1 Parishisti
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Answer Sheet
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 1
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 2
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 3
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 4
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 5
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 6
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Bhautiki Bhag 2 Chapter 7
~ NCERT Class 11 Physics (Old Chapters)
NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Part 1 Physical World

Important Practice Resources for Class 11 Physics

NCERT Book Class 11 Physics Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids

Download the official NCERT Textbook for Class 11 Physics Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids, updated for the latest academic session. These e-books are the main textbook used by major education boards across India. All teachers and subject experts recommend the Chapter 09 Mechanical Properties of Fluids NCERT e-textbook because exam papers for Class 11 are strictly based on the syllabus specified in these books. You can download the complete chapter in PDF format from here.

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