CBSE Class 9 Biology Diversity in Living Organisms Worksheets Set 01

Questions on Diversity in Living Organisms

Question 1. Name the kingdoms according to the Linnaeus classification.
Answer:
Kingdom Plantae and Kingdom Animalia.
In simple words: Linnaeus used two kingdoms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Linnaeus gave the two-kingdom system.

Question 2. Who introduced the five-kingdom classification?
Answer:
R. H. Whittaker, in 1969.
In simple words: Whittaker gave five kingdoms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the five: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.

Question 3. What is the causal agent of AIDS?
Answer:
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV).
In simple words: AIDS is caused by a virus.

Teacher's Note:
1. HIV attacks the immune system.

Question 4. Who proposed binomial nomenclature?
Answer:
Carolus Linnaeus.
In simple words: Linnaeus gave every organism a two-part Latin name.

Teacher's Note:
1. Genus name first, species name second.

Question 5. What type of organisms are included in Monera?
Answer:
Prokaryotic organisms without a true nucleus, such as bacteria and blue-green algae.
In simple words: Monera is the kingdom of prokaryotes.

Teacher's Note:
1. No nucleus and no membrane-bound organelles.

Question 6. Name two gymnosperm plants.
Answer:
Cycas and Pinus.
In simple words: Gymnosperms have naked seeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cedrus and Ginkgo are other examples.

Question 7. Give two examples of Arthropoda.
Answer:
Palaemon (prawn) and Limulus (king crab).
In simple words: Arthropods have jointed legs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Insects, spiders and crabs are arthropods.

Question 8. What are bryophytes?
Answer:
Bryophytes are small multicellular green land plants without true roots, stems, leaves or vascular tissue. They live in damp shady places and need water for fertilisation, so they are called the amphibians of the plant kingdom. Examples are Riccia, Marchantia and Anthoceros.
In simple words: Simple land plants that need water to reproduce.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mosses and liverworts belong to this group.

Question 9. Write the important characters of viruses.
Answer:
1. A virus is made of a DNA or RNA core covered by a protein coat called the capsid.
2. It has no cytoplasm or metabolic machinery and depends on the host cell, so it is an obligate parasite.
3. It is non-living outside a host and multiplies inside living cells.
4. Viruses infect bacteria (bacteriophages), plants and animals. Examples are rhinovirus (common cold) and HIV (AIDS).
In simple words: Viruses are on the border between living and non-living.

Teacher's Note:
1. Size is only 10 to 250 nm.

Question 10. What are lichens?
Answer:
Lichens are organisms formed by a symbiotic partnership of an alga (phycobiont) and a fungus (mycobiont). The fungus absorbs water and minerals and the alga prepares food for both. They grow on rocks and tree trunks and are very sensitive to sulphur dioxide pollution.
In simple words: A lichen is an alga and a fungus living together for mutual benefit.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lichens are indicators of air pollution.

Teacher's Note:
1. Venation and roots are quick tests.

Question 12. What are the sub-phyla of Chordata? Give examples.
Answer:
Chordata is divided into Acraniata (Protochordata) and Vertebrata. Protochordates include Hemichordata (Balanoglossus), Urochordata (Herdmania, sea squirt) and Cephalochordata (Amphioxus).
Vertebrata includes Agnatha (Petromyzon, Myxine) and Gnathostomata (fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals).
In simple words: Chordates without a vertebral column are protochordates; the rest are vertebrates.

Teacher's Note:
1. Memorise the three protochordate groups.

Question 13. Write down the main characters of Kingdom Monera or Protista.
Answer:
Monera: unicellular prokaryotes with no nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; they include bacteria and blue-green algae; they may be autotrophic or heterotrophic.
Protista: unicellular eukaryotes, mostly aquatic; they move by cilia, flagella or pseudopodia; they reproduce asexually or sexually; examples are Amoeba, Paramecium, Euglena, diatoms and slime moulds.
In simple words: Monera lack a nucleus and Protista have one.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prokaryote versus eukaryote is the key difference.

Question 14. List the distinguishing features of the phylum Chordata. Mention its classes with one example each.
Answer:
Features: a notochord, a dorsal hollow tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits and a tail behind the anus.
Classes: Cyclostomata (lamprey), Chondrichthyes (Scoliodon), Osteichthyes (rohu), Amphibia (frog), Reptilia (cobra), Aves (pigeon) and Mammalia (man).
In simple words: Chordates have a notochord at some stage of life.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn one example per class.

Question 15. Write down the important characters of the phylum Platyhelminthes.
Answer:
Bilaterally symmetrical, flat and leaf-like or ribbon-like body.
Digestive cavity, when present, has a single opening; there is no anus.
Suckers and hooks are usually present in parasitic forms.
Circulatory and respiratory systems and skeleton are absent.
Excretion by flame cells (protonephridia).
Examples: Planaria, Fasciola (liver fluke), Taenia (tapeworm).
In simple words: Flatworms are flat and have one opening.

Teacher's Note:
1. Many flatworms are parasites.

Question 16. Give the general characters and classification of Phanerogams.
Answer:
Phanerogams bear flowers and seeds, have root, stem and leaves with a well-developed vascular system, and an embryo develops from the fertilised egg.
They are classified into Gymnosperms (naked seeds, for example Pinus) and Angiosperms (seeds enclosed in a fruit), the latter being dicots and monocots.
In simple words: Seed-bearing plants are phanerogams.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gymnosperms: naked seeds; angiosperms: seeds in fruit.

Teacher's Note:
1. Both groups have vascular tissue.

Question 18. Virus is the connecting link between ________ and ________.
Answer:
A living world and a non-living world.
In simple words: Viruses show both living and non-living behaviour.

Teacher's Note:
1. They multiply only inside host cells.

Question 19. ________ is remembered as the father of taxonomy.
Answer:
Carolus Linnaeus.
In simple words: The name Linnaeus goes with taxonomy.

Teacher's Note:
1. He also gave binomial nomenclature.

Question 20. Ambulacral system is characteristic of ________.
Answer:
Echinodermata.
In simple words: Tube feet and the water vascular system belong to echinoderms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Starfish and sea urchin are examples.

Question 21. Non-seed-bearing vascular plants are ________.
Answer:
Pteridophytes.
In simple words: They have vascular tissue but reproduce by spores.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ferns are the common example.

Question 22. Protozoa are ________ and ________ animals.
Answer:
Unicellular and aquatic.
In simple words: Protozoa are one-celled and mostly live in water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amoeba and Paramecium are examples.

Question 23. State true or false: Viruses do not have an independent metabolism.
Answer:
True. They depend on the host cell for their metabolic machinery.
In simple words: Viruses cannot live on their own.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are obligate parasites.

Question 24. State true or false: Aves are cold-blooded animals.
Answer:
False. Birds are warm-blooded.
In simple words: Birds keep a constant body temperature.

Teacher's Note:
1. Warm-blooded: Aves and Mammalia.

Question 25. State true or false: Kiwi is a flightless bird.
Answer:
True. Kiwis have vestigial wings and cannot fly.
In simple words: Kiwi cannot fly.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ostrich and penguin are other flightless birds.

Question 26. State true or false: Hedgehog belongs to the class Mammalia.
Answer:
True. It has hair and feeds its young with milk.
In simple words: Hedgehog is a mammal.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mammary glands identify mammals.

Question 27. State true or false: In Thallophyta mechanical and conducting tissues are absent.
Answer:
True. Thallophytes have an undifferentiated thallus without vascular tissue.
In simple words: Thallophytes lack xylem and phloem.

Teacher's Note:
1. Algae and fungi are thallophytes.

Question 28. State true or false: Fungi are autotrophic.
Answer:
False. Fungi have no chlorophyll and are heterotrophic.
In simple words: Fungi cannot make their own food.

Teacher's Note:
1. Most fungi are saprophytes.

Question 29. State true or false: Pteridophyta plants have no flowers and do not produce seeds.
Answer:
True. They reproduce by spores.
In simple words: Ferns have no flowers or seeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Spores replace seeds.

Question 30. Agnatha has no ________.
Answer:
Jaws.
In simple words: Agnatha means without jaws.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lamprey and hagfish are agnathans.

Question 31. Segmented worms with a complete digestive tract belong to the phylum ________.
Answer:
Annelida.
In simple words: Earthworms are annelids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Annelids are the first segmented animals.

Question 32. Petromyzon is an example of ________.
Answer:
Cyclostomata (a jawless fish, lamprey).
In simple words: Petromyzon is a lamprey.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cyclostomes have a round suctorial mouth.

Question 33. Kiwi is found in ________.
Answer:
New Zealand.
In simple words: Kiwis live only in New Zealand.

Teacher's Note:
1. Kiwi is flightless.