CBSE Class 7 Social Science Chapter 01 The Story Of Indian Farming MCQs Set 02

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Review structured MCQ sets for Class 7 Social Science Chapter 01 The Story Of Indian Farming. Built according to official CBSE guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chapter 01 The Story Of Indian Farming below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official CBSE textbooks.

Question: The Government of India's official classification of 'agriculture and allied activities' covers more than just crop farming. Which set of activities below fits this broader classification as described in the chapter?
A. Beekeeping, fisheries, silkworm rearing, and fibre production
B. Only wheat and rice cultivation across the northern plains
C. Tourism, mining, and manufacturing industries
D. Banking services provided to rural farmers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Beekeeping, fisheries, silkworm rearing, and fibre production

Explanation:
The chapter notes that the government's broad definition of agriculture and allied activities goes well beyond field crops to include apiculture (beekeeping), fisheries, rearing silkworms and preparing silk yarn, and producing fibres like cotton and hemp.

Question: In the context of soil formation described in the chapter, what does the term 'weathering' mean?
A. The breaking down of rocks and minerals into soil particles through physical, chemical, or biological processes
B. The transportation of silt by rivers from mountains to plains
C. The decomposition of plant and animal matter into humus
D. The seasonal change in rainfall patterns affecting crop growth
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) The breaking down of rocks and minerals into soil particles through physical, chemical, or biological processes

Explanation:
Weathering is specifically defined in the chapter as the breakdown of rock and mineral material into soil particles, a necessary early step before organic matter and humus can build up into fertile topsoil.

Question: Why does the chapter highlight Kallanai, the ancient anicut built by Karikala across the Kaveri, as a notable achievement in Indian irrigation history?
A. It still diverts river water and irrigates thousands of hectares even after roughly 1,800 years
B. It was the first structure to use drip irrigation technology
C. It introduced hydroponic farming to south India
D. It was built using only bamboo pipes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) It still diverts river water and irrigates thousands of hectares even after roughly 1,800 years

Explanation:
What makes Kallanai remarkable, according to the chapter, is its sheer longevity of use — a massive water-diverting structure constructed centuries ago that continues to effectively irrigate a huge stretch of farmland today.

Question: Which ancient text is credited in the chapter with giving detailed guidance on watering newly planted trees, recommending watering twice daily for fifteen days in dry land?
A. Surapala's Vrikshayurveda
B. Kautilya's Arthashastra
C. Varahamihira's Brihatsamhita
D. The Amarakosha
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Surapala's Vrikshayurveda

Explanation:
The chapter quotes Vrikshayurveda directly on this practice, instructing that newly planted trees in arid land be watered morning and evening for fifteen days until the soil is thoroughly soaked.

Question: The chapter describes gokrishi as a 'holistic' traditional farming method. What makes it holistic?
A. It combines cow dung as organic manure with bullocks used for ploughing, integrating animal roles into the whole farming cycle
B. It uses only chemical fertilisers approved by ICAR
C. It relies entirely on drone-based soil monitoring
D. It grows crops exclusively in nutrient-rich water without soil
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) It combines cow dung as organic manure with bullocks used for ploughing, integrating animal roles into the whole farming cycle

Explanation:
Gokrishi ties together two roles that cows and bullocks play on a farm — manure for soil fertility and animal power for ploughing — treating them as parts of one connected system rather than separate inputs.

Question: Considering the overall discussion of traditional and contemporary farming methods, what central message does the chapter seem to convey about the future of Indian agriculture?
A. Combining modern scientific techniques with time-tested traditional wisdom offers the most sustainable path forward
B. Traditional methods should be entirely abandoned since they yield less
C. Modern chemical-based farming has no drawbacks and should be expanded everywhere
D. Government involvement in farming should be minimised as much as possible
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Combining modern scientific techniques with time-tested traditional wisdom offers the most sustainable path forward

Explanation:
• The chapter acknowledges the Green Revolution boosted productivity but caused long-term soil and water damage
• It also notes many traditional practices have been scientifically validated by ICAR
• The concluding sections call for balancing productivity with sustainability, inspired by Indian Knowledge Systems

Question: Based on the dates mentioned in the chapter, which of these developments occurred earlier in India's agricultural history?
A. Intercropping evidence at the Harappan site of Kalibangan
B. Construction of the Kallanai anicut across the Kaveri River
C. Introduction of high-yielding variety seeds during the Green Revolution
D. ICAR's development of the beejamrit seed-coating paste
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Intercropping evidence at the Harappan site of Kalibangan

Explanation:
Kalibangan's intercropping furrows date to around 2800 BCE, thousands of years before Kallanai was built roughly 1,800 years ago, making it by far the earliest of these four developments.

Question: How does the chapter define 'humus' within the process of soil formation?
A. Dark, nutrient-rich organic matter formed by decomposing plant and animal material that also helps retain soil moisture
B. A chemical compound of iron and aluminium that gives soil a reddish colour
C. A fine sediment carried by rivers from mountains to plains
D. A biofertiliser made from fermented cow products
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Dark, nutrient-rich organic matter formed by decomposing plant and animal material that also helps retain soil moisture

Explanation:
Humus forms as organic material decays within the soil; it is described as being rich in nutrients and helpful for holding moisture, which supports plant growth once topsoil has developed.

Question: What is the key operational difference between drip irrigation and sprinkler irrigation, as explained in the chapter?
A. Drip irrigation delivers water directly and slowly to plant roots through tubes, while sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air like rain
B. Sprinkler irrigation delivers water underground while drip irrigation floods the entire field
C. Drip irrigation is a traditional method while sprinkler irrigation dates back to Harappan times
D. Sprinkler irrigation is used only for tea plantations while drip irrigation is used only for wheat
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Drip irrigation delivers water directly and slowly to plant roots through tubes, while sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air like rain

Explanation:
Drip, or trickle, irrigation targets water precisely at the roots through a network of emitters, minimising waste, whereas sprinkler systems disperse water over crops in a manner resembling natural rainfall.

Question: According to the chapter, how does the government help ensure that farmers are not left struggling to sell their harvest?
A. It purchases important crops directly from farmers to guarantee fair prices and easier marketing
B. It bans farmers from selling to private buyers entirely
C. It requires farmers to switch to organic farming before selling any crop
D. It provides only crop insurance and nothing else related to selling produce
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) It purchases important crops directly from farmers to guarantee fair prices and easier marketing

Explanation:
Beyond subsidised electricity and insurance schemes, the chapter mentions that the government directly buys key crops from farmers so they are not left without a market or forced to accept unfairly low prices.

Question: What does the term 'bedrock' refer to in the chapter's explanation of soil formation?
A. The original solid rock layer from which soils are eventually derived through weathering and erosion
B. The topmost fertile layer of soil where plant roots grow
C. A type of soil found only in coastal alluvial regions
D. The paste used to coat seeds before planting
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) The original solid rock layer from which soils are eventually derived through weathering and erosion

Explanation:
Bedrock sits beneath the developing soil layers in the diagram of soil formation; it is the parent rock that slowly disintegrates over long periods to eventually produce topsoil.

Question: The Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s is credited with pushing India toward food self-sufficiency mainly by boosting the output of which two crops?
A. Wheat and rice
B. Cotton and jute
C. Tea and coffee
D. Sugarcane and mustard
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Wheat and rice

Explanation:
The chapter specifically credits the Green Revolution's combination of high-yielding seeds, irrigation, fertilisers, and machinery with sharply raising wheat and rice production, which helped India stop depending on food imports.

Question: Why does the chapter link heavy chemical fertiliser and pesticide use to a decline in bee populations?
A. Because these chemicals dissolve into water sources and disrupt the wider ecosystem, harming pollinators like bees
B. Because bees are naturally repelled by the smell of high-yielding seeds
C. Because fertiliser use directly replaces the need for bee pollination
D. Because pesticides are sprayed only on beehives during harvesting
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Because these chemicals dissolve into water sources and disrupt the wider ecosystem, harming pollinators like bees

Explanation:
Chemical runoff doesn't stay confined to the field; it seeps into water sources and spreads through the ecosystem, and the chapter points out that this ends up harming creatures such as bees that are essential for pollination.

Question: ICAR examined thousands of traditional farming practices documented across India. What did its testing reveal about a large majority of these practices?
A. Over 85 per cent of tested practices were validated by modern science
B. Fewer than 10 per cent had any scientific basis
C. All of them were found to be outdated and harmful
D. Exactly half were proven effective
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Over 85 per cent of tested practices were validated by modern science

Explanation:
Of the nearly 5000 traditional practices documented, more than a hundred were formally tested, and over 85 per cent held up under modern scientific scrutiny, suggesting real potential to reduce chemical use while protecting soil health.

Question: The chapter opens with a quotation from Krishi Parashara describing a farmer who is attentive, knowledgeable, and hardworking. What purpose does this opening quotation likely serve?
A. It sets the tone by showing that India has long valued careful, knowledgeable farming as the key to a good harvest
B. It proves that ancient Indian farmers relied only on tractors
C. It introduces a scientific debate about chemical fertilisers
D. It explains the exact boundaries of India's agroclimatic zones
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) It sets the tone by showing that India has long valued careful, knowledgeable farming as the key to a good harvest

Explanation:
Placed right at the start of the chapter, the verse frames farming as a skill rooted in attentiveness and tradition, foreshadowing the chapter's broader theme of valuing accumulated agricultural wisdom alongside modern methods.

Question: In the Vedas, the crops yava, godhuma, and vrihi are mentioned by name. What do these three terms refer to?
A. Barley, wheat, and rice
B. Sesame, black gram, and pulses
C. Cotton, hemp, and jute
D. Mustard, castor, and linseed
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Barley, wheat, and rice

Explanation:
The chapter notes that yava means barley, godhuma means wheat, and vrihi means rice in Vedic texts, showing that these staple grains were already well known and named in ancient times.

Question: According to the seed-preparation instructions found in the Arthashastra, what treatment was recommended for cotton seeds before sowing?
A. Smearing them with cow dung
B. Soaking them in dew for several days
C. Coating them with honey and ghee
D. Drying them in direct sunlight for a week
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Smearing them with cow dung

Explanation:
The text specifically states that cotton seeds were to be smeared with cow dung, while cereals, beans and pulses followed a different method of being soaked in dew and then sun-dried.

Question: Farmers in parts of northeastern India traditionally channel water to their fields using a method that does not involve pipes, canals, or motors of modern kind. What is this technique called?
A. Bamboo drip irrigation
B. Phad system
C. Sprinkler irrigation
D. Terrace farming
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Bamboo drip irrigation

Explanation:
• Practised in northeastern India
• Uses bamboo pipes to carry water from natural springs
• Delivers water directly to the fields without machinery
This contrasts with the phad system of Maharashtra, which relies on canals diverting river water instead.

Question: The chapter mentions that India is divided into 15 agroclimatic zones. What is the basis for creating these zones?
A. A combination of climate, soil, terrain, and vegetation
B. The amount of rainfall received during the southwest monsoon only
C. The type of crops already being grown in each region
D. The distance of each region from major rivers
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) A combination of climate, soil, terrain, and vegetation

Explanation:
These zones are formed by combining several natural factors together, which helps government agencies plan what, when, and how crops should be grown in each area, rather than looking at any single factor in isolation.

Question: Who does the chapter identify as the architect of the Green Revolution and a recipient of the Bharat Ratna?
A. M.S. Swaminathan
B. Kautilya
C. Surapala
D. Karikala
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) M.S. Swaminathan

Explanation:
M.S. Swaminathan is credited in the chapter as the person behind the Green Revolution, an effort that transformed Indian agriculture through high-yielding seeds, irrigation, fertilisers and machinery.

Question: The ancient text Amarakosha classifies agricultural land into how many categories, and on what basis?
A. Twelve types, based on soil fertility
B. Six types, based on colour of the soil
C. Fifteen types, based on rainfall received
D. Four types, based on crop yield alone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Twelve types, based on soil fertility

Explanation:
Long before the modern six-fold classification of Indian soils was developed, the Amarakosha had already described twelve categories of agricultural land, distinguishing them according to how fertile the soil was.

Question: In the context of soil formation, what does the term 'silt' refer to?
A. A fine sediment of rock and mineral particles that rivers can easily carry from mountains to plains
B. A dark, nutrient-rich substance formed from decomposed plants and animals
C. The original solid rock layer beneath the soil
D. A thick, sticky clay found only in desert regions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) A fine sediment of rock and mineral particles that rivers can easily carry from mountains to plains

Explanation:
Silt particles are larger than clay but smaller than sand, which makes them light enough for rivers to transport over long distances and deposit as fertile alluvial soil in the plains.

Question: How does the chapter describe the formation of sandy soil?
A. It forms mainly from small grains of sand mixed with a little water, air, and organic matter
B. It forms from the weathering of volcanic rock, holding large amounts of moisture
C. It forms from lava that cooled slowly, giving it a reddish colour
D. It forms through repeated freezing and melting of ice on mountain slopes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) It forms mainly from small grains of sand mixed with a little water, air, and organic matter

Explanation:
Unlike black soil, which comes from volcanic rock, or alpine soil, which results from freeze-thaw weathering in the mountains, sandy soil is simply dominated by sand grains combined with small amounts of water, air, and organic content.

Question: The chapter notes that a large number of farmers abandon agriculture every day. What does it identify as the main cause behind this trend?
A. Farmers get trapped in debt after taking loans they struggle to repay during hardships
B. Farmers are forced to sell land to seed companies
C. Farmers lack access to any government support schemes
D. Farmers cannot find buyers for their harvested crops
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Farmers get trapped in debt after taking loans they struggle to repay during hardships

Explanation:
Facing challenges like shrinking landholdings and climate change, many farmers borrow money to cope, but repaying these loans becomes difficult, pulling them into a debt trap that eventually pushes some to give up farming altogether.

Question: What is the key difference between crop rotation and multiple cropping, as described in the chapter's discussion of traditional soil conservation methods?
A. Crop rotation changes crops across different seasons in the same field, while multiple cropping grows several crops together at the same time
B. Crop rotation grows several crops together, while multiple cropping changes crops season by season
C. Crop rotation is a modern technique, while multiple cropping is purely traditional
D. Crop rotation applies only to rabi crops, while multiple cropping applies only to kharif crops
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Crop rotation changes crops across different seasons in the same field, while multiple cropping grows several crops together at the same time

Explanation:
Crop rotation prevents the soil from losing particular nutrients by varying what is planted from one season to the next, whereas multiple cropping involves growing several crops simultaneously in the same field, which lowers pest risk and guarantees at least one successful harvest.

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