CBSE Class 10 Social Science Manufacturing Industries Important Questions Set 07

Answer: Manufacturing is the production of goods in large quantities after processing raw materials into more valuable products.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the secondary sector activity.
2. Mention processing of raw material.

Answer: They are the advantages that industries get by locating together near urban centres, such as banking, insurance, transport and labour.

Teacher's Note:
1. Industries cluster to share services.
2. Name two services.

Answer: Cotton textile and sugar industries are agro-based. Jute and silk textiles are others.

Teacher's Note:
1. They use agricultural raw materials.
2. Contrast with mineral-based industries.

Answer: Iron and steel and cement are mineral-based industries. Aluminium smelting and fertilisers are others.

Teacher's Note:
1. They use minerals as raw material.
2. Iron and steel is a basic industry.

Answer: Basic or key industries supply their products to other industries as raw material. Iron and steel is a prime example.

Teacher's Note:
1. Other industries depend on them.
2. Differentiate from consumer industries.

Answer: NMCC stands for the National Manufacturing Competitiveness Council. It was set up to improve productivity and competitiveness of manufacturing.

Teacher's Note:
1. It works with policy support from the government.
2. Learn the full form.

Answer: 1. Cotton textiles have a very high demand throughout the country.
2. Inputs like banking, electricity and transport are available in almost every part of the country.
3. The industry is labour intensive and can use simple tools and machines.

Teacher's Note:
1. Handloom, powerloom and mill sectors coexist.
2. Mention demand, inputs and labour.

Answer: 1. Lack of good quality long staple cotton.
2. Erratic power supply.
3. Outdated machinery and technology.
4. Low output of workers.
5. Stiff competition from international markets.

Teacher's Note:
1. Upgrading technology can improve competitiveness.
2. List at least three problems.

Answer: 1. Proximity of jute-producing areas.
2. Inexpensive water transport and well-connected roads, rail and waterways.
3. Abundant water for processing.
4. Cheap labour from adjoining areas.
5. Banking and port facilities in Kolkata.

Teacher's Note:
1. The jute mills are located along the Hugli river.
2. Link each factor to the Hugli region.

Answer: 1. The aims were to increase productivity, improve quality, ensure good prices to farmers and enhance yield per hectare.
2. Demand is rising because of mandatory use of jute packaging and growing global concern for biodegradable, eco-friendly materials.

Teacher's Note:
1. Jute is a natural, renewable fibre.
2. Give two objectives and two reasons.

Answer: 1. Its products are raw materials for other industries such as heavy engineering, defence equipment, automobiles and aeroplanes.
2. It provides employment.
3. It supports overall economic development.

Teacher's Note:
1. Almost every other industry depends on steel.
2. Mention its role as a raw material supplier.

Answer: 1. The sugar content of cane is higher in Maharashtra and southern states.
2. The climate is suitable for cane cultivation.
3. The south has better export facilities.
4. Cooperative mills are more successful there.
5. The peninsular climate extends the crushing season by about two months.

Teacher's Note:
1. Maharashtra is now the leading sugar producer.
2. Mention cooperatives and the longer crushing season.

Answer: 1. Integrated plants are larger and handle everything from raw materials to steel making, rolling and shaping in one complex.
2. Mini steel plants use steel scrap and sponge iron, and sometimes ingots from integrated plants.
3. Mini plants produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.

Teacher's Note:
1. Integrated plants need heavy investment.
2. Highlight scale and raw materials.

Answer: 1. Restrict the use of fossil fuels and use hydel power where possible.
2. Fit smoke stacks with electrostatic precipitators, fabric filters, scrubbers and inertial separators.
3. Treat dirty water before discharging it.
4. Fit silencers on machinery and generators.
5. Redesign machinery to make it energy efficient and to reduce noise.

Teacher's Note:
1. Industries cause air, water, land and noise pollution.
2. Give measures for each type of pollution.

Answer: 1. Raw material: availability and cost of transport.
2. Labour: skilled and cheap labour.
3. Capital: investment and credit.
4. Power: coal, petroleum and electricity.
5. Market, transport, and government policies. Industries try to minimise costs and maximise profits.

Teacher's Note:
1. Least cost is the key factor in the choice of location.
2. Group your points into physical and human factors.

Answer: 1. By raw material: agro-based and mineral-based.
2. By ownership: public sector, private sector, joint sector and cooperative sector.
3. By capital investment: small-scale and large-scale industries.
4. Examples: sugar (agro-based), steel (mineral-based), BHEL (public sector), TISCO (private sector), Oil India Limited (joint sector), Anand milk cooperative.
5. By weight of raw material and finished goods: heavy and light industries.

Teacher's Note:
1. Classification helps in industrial planning.
2. Give a suitable example for each class.

Answer: 1. They help modernise agriculture by providing machines and fertilisers.
2. They reduce the heavy dependence of people on agriculture by creating jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors.
3. They help in removing unemployment and poverty.
4. They bring down regional disparities through establishing industries in tribal and backward areas.
5. Export of manufactured goods expands trade and brings foreign exchange.

Teacher's Note:
1. A country's prosperity is often measured by the growth of manufacturing.
2. Cover agriculture, jobs and trade in the answer.