CBSE Class 10 English Glimpses of India Assignment Set 03

A Baker from Goa

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. How is the Goan baker still an important part of the life of a Goan village?
Answer: Even today, the baker remains an indispensable figure in rural Goan life. The various breads, cookies, and cakes he bakes are integral to the daily existence of the villagers. These baked goods are absolutely necessary for successfully hosting local weddings, religious celebrations, and various social gatherings.
In simple words: The village baker is very important because his breads and cakes are required for all celebrations and daily life in Goa.

Exam Tip: Focus on the continuous cultural relevance of the baker's items across modern social and religious events.

Question. The author says: ‘The baker and his family never starved.’ Why does he say so? Give reasons.
Answer: The narrator notes that a baker's household never faced hunger because baking was traditionally an extremely lucrative profession in Goa. The family members, along with their domestic helpers, always appeared joyful, healthy, and financially secure. Their plump and healthy physical appearance served as direct visual proof of their prosperous lifestyle.
In simple words: Baking paid very well, so the baker and his family never went hungry. Their healthy, plump bodies showed everyone they were doing well.

Exam Tip: Explain that their healthy and plump bodies ("robust body") served as physical proof ("testimony") of their economic well-being.

Question. What do we hear from our elders about the Portuguese?
Answer: Goan elders frequently speak about the Portuguese era with great fondness, especially highlighting their mastery in crafting delicious loaves of bread. The traditional brick ovens they used are still functional in Goa today. The older generation remembers the entire process, including the mixers of the dough, the moulders of the shapes, and the actual bakers.
In simple words: Elders remember the Portuguese for their amazing bread-making skills. The old ovens and the process of mixing, moulding, and baking are still remembered.

Exam Tip: Mention the three key roles in the baking process - mixers, moulders, and bakers - to show a complete understanding of the text.

Question. What are the bakers called now-a-days and what is traditional about them ?
Answer: In modern times, Goan bakers are still commonly referred to as "paders". They continue to maintain traditional practices, carrying a large bread basket and a custom bamboo staff. Their presence in the neighborhood is instantly signaled by the familiar dull thud and musical ringing sound made by their bamboo stick.
In simple words: Today, these bakers are called "paders." They still carry a basket and a bamboo stick that makes a jingling sound when they arrive.

Exam Tip: Remember to write the term "pader" and describe the acoustic signals (thud and jingle) of the bamboo stick.

Question. What did the baker mean to the narrator during his childhood ? How many times did he pay a visit ?
Answer: During the author's childhood, the "pader" played a highly significant role and was treated as a close companion. The baker visited the neighborhood twice every day - first in the early morning to distribute fresh bread, and a second time in the afternoon after selling out his entire inventory. The author would rush out to greet him to obtain sweet bread-bangles and spend time chatting and sharing stories with him.
In simple words: The baker was a great friend to the author when he was a child. The baker visited twice a day, and the author ran out to get bread-bangles and chat with him.

Exam Tip: Specify the two distinct times of the baker's visits (morning sales and afternoon return) and the child's motivation (bread-bangles and conversation).

Question. What were the bakers called? Describe their peculiar dress.
Answer: The local bakers were called "paders". Historically, they wore a very distinctive outfit known as the "Kabai", which was a continuous, single-piece long tunic or frock that extended all the way down to their knees.
In simple words: Goan bakers are called "paders." In the past, they wore a long, one-piece knee-length dress called a Kabai.

Exam Tip: Use the term "Kabai" and clearly describe it as a single-piece frock reaching the knees.

Question. How was a baker important for the village ?
Answer: A baker held an essential place in village life because he prepared the special sweet bread called 'bol'. Wedding presents were deemed incomplete and insignificant without this sweet bread. Furthermore, a mother had to prepare bread sandwiches for her daughter's engagement ceremony, while festivals like Christmas relied heavily on cakes and 'bolinhas' (coconut cookies).
In simple words: The baker was essential because his sweet bread ('bol') was required for weddings, sandwiches were needed for engagements, and cakes were prepared for festivals.

Exam Tip: Make sure to list the three distinct items ('bol', sandwiches, 'bolinhas') and associate them correctly with their specific social occasions.

Question. What used to be the dress of a baker?
Answer: In older times, the traditional Goan baker wore a unique garment called the 'Kabai', which was a single-piece knee-length frock. However, during the narrator's childhood, this style evolved, and bakers typically wore a shirt combined with trousers that were shorter than full-length pants but longer than regular shorts.
In simple words: Bakers originally wore a long knee-length dress called a Kabai. Later, they wore shirts with pants that reached just below the knees.

Exam Tip: Contrast the two different dress styles mentioned in the text: the older 'Kabai' and the later three-quarter trousers.

Question. What was Kabai ? Give a brief description.
Answer: The 'Kabai' was the traditional attire worn by Goan bakers in the past, consisting of a single-piece, long tunic-like frock that reached down to the knees. In later years, this outfit was replaced by a more modern combination of a standard shirt and trousers that ended just below the knees, falling between half pants and full-length trousers.
In simple words: The Kabai was a single-piece, long frock that came down to the knees. Over time, bakers began wearing shirts with three-quarter-length pants instead.

Exam Tip: Clearly define 'Kabai' first as the older garment, then briefly mention the subsequent shirt and three-quarter pants style.

Question. What do we hear from our elders about the Portuguese?
Answer: The older generations in Goa frequently recall the historical Portuguese era with fondness, particularly their expertise in creating delicious bread loaves. Even though they left, their traditional baking ovens remain active. The elders still talk about the distinct roles in this craft, specifically the mixers of the dough, the moulders of the loaves, and the skilled bakers.
In simple words: Goan elders often think back to the Portuguese and their legendary bread. The traditional brick furnaces and baking roles are still active today.

Exam Tip: To secure full marks, highlight that although the bread eaters (Portuguese) have departed, the bread makers (mixers, moulders, bakers) still keep the tradition alive.

Question. What detail do you get about the baker and his family?
Answer: The Goan baker and his household enjoyed a highly secure and prosperous life, ensuring they never experienced hunger. Their comfortable financial state extended to their domestic staff, who also appeared happy and well-fed. Both the bakers and their servants typically possessed a round, plump physique, which served as visible evidence of their wealth.
In simple words: The baker, his family, and their helpers were very wealthy and healthy. Their plump bodies showed that they always had plenty of food.

Exam Tip: Emphasize that the "plump physique" was a physical indicator of their economic well-being and happiness.

Question. State the importance of the presence of furnace in the village in Goa ?
Answer: The presence of a baking furnace in a Goan village is highly critical because baking remains a deeply respected, ancestral family profession. Even though the Portuguese are gone, their traditional loaves, cakes, and pastries are still baked in these historical brick ovens for daily use and special celebrations. Thus, a functional furnace is vital to keeping local customs alive.
In simple words: Baking is a traditional family craft in Goa. The village furnaces are essential for making the special breads and cakes used in daily life and celebrations.

Exam Tip: Link the essential nature of the furnace to the preservation of Goan cultural traditions and family-based professions.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. Why was the baker’s furnace essential in a traditional Goan village?
Answer: A village baking furnace is absolutely indispensable in Goa because it is the source of all the traditional baked goods required for key social events. Without a fully functional oven, it is impossible to prepare sweet wedding breads like 'bol', engagement sandwiches, or festive treats like Christmas cakes and 'bolinhas' (coconut cookies). Because Goan social customs are completely dependent on these specific baked items, the local furnace remains the heart of the village's cultural life.
In simple words: The village furnace is necessary because all Goan festivals, weddings, and engagements require freshly baked items like cakes, 'bol', and sandwiches.

Exam Tip: Focus your answer on how Goan culinary traditions are physically bound to the output of these local brick furnaces.

Question. Rodrigues describes his childhood and the bakers of Goa. What does he remember so fondly about those bakers ?
Answer: The author retains warm, nostalgic memories of the traditional village bakers, or "paders", from his early years in Goa. He remembers how the early morning was heralded by the cheerful, jingling sound of the baker's bamboo staff, which served to wake the children. The baker was a beloved companion who visited their home twice daily. While domestic staff bought daily loaves of bread, the children eagerly ran to get specialized sweet bread-bangles. Rodrigues also fondly recalls the enduring nature of the trade, noting that while the original Portuguese consumers have left, the traditional mixers, moulders, and time-tested brick furnaces continue to keep the ancestral craft alive.
In simple words: The author fondly remembers the baker's morning visits, the wake-up call of the jingling bamboo stick, and running to get delicious sweet bread-bangles.

Exam Tip: To write a rich answer, include details about the sounds (jingling bamboo), the emotional bond (friendship), and the cultural continuity (mixers and moulders still existing).

Question. The author of ‘A Baker from Goa’ Lucio Rodrigues cherishes the traditional practices in Goa; making of ‘bol’ cakes and bolinhas, putting on Kadai by bakers etc. Do yoy think our traditions - heritage, values and practices are the roots that nourish us ? Why/Why not ?
Answer: Our ancestral traditions, heritage, and values certainly form the foundational roots that sustain and guide us. The story of the Goan "paders" demonstrates how deep-seated customs shape a community's identity across generations. Preserving these traditions keeps us connected to our history, which provides us with emotional support and moral strength during difficult times. By practicing and passing on these cultural values, we cultivate essential human qualities like empathy and community bonding, ensuring that our collective identity remains strong and respected.
In simple words: Yes, our traditions give us a strong sense of who we are. They teach us important values and help us support each other through hard times.

Exam Tip: Ensure your answer links the specific practices from the story (like traditional baking) to general human values and character development.

Question. Instead of enjoying their childhood the children today are keen to enter adulthood. After reading about all the joy the author Lucio Rodrigues had in his childhood do you think such a keenness on the part of the children is desirable?
Answer: Rushing through childhood to reach adulthood is highly undesirable, as it deprives children of their natural innocence and simple joys. The author’s memories illustrate a time when happiness was found in basic experiences, like enjoying uniquely shaped bread-bangles. Modern lifestyles often replace these simple delights with complex, fast-paced habits, causing kids to lose their innocence too early and weaken family ties. Children should be encouraged to enjoy their early years fully, because the innocent memories created during childhood form a vital source of strength and comfort throughout their later lives.
In simple words: Children should not rush to grow up. The simple, innocent moments of childhood are precious and should be cherished for as long as possible.

Exam Tip: Contrast the simple joys described in the text with the complex pressures faced by modern children to make a compelling argument.

Question. During our childhood in Goa, the baker used to be our friend, companion and guide’. What does this statement tell you about the character of the narrator? Are there some traits of the character of the narrator which need to be developed in you?
Answer: The narrator's fond memories reveal him to be a warm-hearted, deeply respectful, and observant individual who values human relationships over social hierarchies. By viewing a humble village baker as a guide and companion, Rodrigues demonstrates that he possesses deep humility and respects all forms of labor. This highlights key qualities that we should develop in ourselves: treating everyone with dignity, regardless of their job, and maintaining an open, friendly attitude. Additionally, learning from the baker's orderly routine can help us develop punctuality, while practicing empathy, cooperation, and respect can make us supportive, valuable members of our community.
In simple words: The writer shows us that we should respect all jobs and be friendly to everyone. We can also learn to be punctual and empathetic from his stories.

Exam Tip: Focus on two parts: what the statement reveals about the narrator (humility, respect for labor) and what traits the reader should adopt (empathy, punctuality, equality).

Question. The Portuguese still remember their good old days, the traditional bakers and their loaves of bread. This fact reflected the deep-rooted love for their culture and traditions. What lesson do you learn from their life ?
Answer: The enduring memory of Portuguese baking practices highlights the vital lesson of staying deeply connected to our cultural roots. Even as Goan society evolves, traditional icons like the "pader" remain alive through metaphors, clothing descriptions, and local idioms. This teaches us that preserving our distinct cultural traditions is essential for maintaining our unique identity in a globalized world. Rather than blindly adopting foreign customs, we should take pride in India's rich cultural heritage, cherish our local legacy, and actively work to pass these age-old values down to future generations.
In simple words: The story teaches us to stay connected to our local roots and take pride in our heritage, which helps us keep our unique identity alive.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the importance of "identity preservation" and "connection to one's roots" as the core moral lessons of the chapter.

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“During our childhood in Goa, the baker used to be our friend, companion and guide. lie used to come at least twice a day. Once, when he set out in the morning on his selling round, and then again, when he returned after emptying his huge basket. The jingling thud of his bamboo woke us up from sleep and we ran to meet and greet him. Why was it so? Was it for the love of the loaf? Not at all. The loaves were bought by some Paskine or Bastine, the maid-servant of the house! What we longed for were those bread-bangles which we chose carefully. Sometimes it was sweet bread of special make.”

(i). The author says, ‘He used to come at least twice a day.’ What is meant by this?
(a) The pader had a habit of visiting the neighbourhood multiple times.
(b) The bread was baked fresh and delivered fresh.
(c) The customers demanded more than one visit.
(d) A pader tried to sell all the loaves he had baked for the day.
Answer: (d) A pader tried to sell all the loaves he had baked for the day.
In simple words: This shows that the baker spent his entire day working hard to sell all of his freshly baked bread across the village.

Exam Tip: The text links the second visit to "returning after emptying his huge basket", demonstrating his goal to sell out his daily stock.

(ii). What attracted the children to rush to the door on hearing the jingle of the pader’s bamboo?
Answer: The children were drawn by the sweet smell of fresh bread and the desire for ring-shaped bread-bangles. Tempted by the rich aroma, they would climb up onto low walls or benches just to catch a glimpse of the delicious sweet treats inside the baker's basket.
In simple words: The children ran out because they loved the smell of the bread and wanted to get the sweet bread-bangles.

Exam Tip: Mention the kids' sensory attraction (the sweet aroma) and their ultimate goal (the sweet bread-bangles) to provide a complete response.

(iii). We know that the pader used to come early morning because _____.
Answer: the jingling thud of his bamboo staff woke the children up from their sleep.
In simple words: ...the sound of his bamboo stick woke the children up from their sleep.

Exam Tip: Fill in the blank with the direct consequence mentioned in the text (waking the children up).

iv). ‘The jingling thud of his bamboo woke us up from sleep...’ In the options given below, which words express the same relationship as ‘jingling thud’ in the extract?
(a) ecstatic joy
(b) eerie silence
(c) shrieking cry
(d) boiling rage
Answer: (c) shrieking cry
In simple words: Just as "jingling" and "thud" describe two distinct sound elements together, "shrieking" and "cry" combine sound descriptors, making option (c) the correct match.

Exam Tip: Look for options where both words describe acoustic/sound qualities, matching the sensory relationship of "jingling thud".

Extract 2
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“Thus, the presence of the baker’s furnace in the village is absolutely essential. The baker or bread-seller of those days had a peculiar dress known as the ‘kabai. It was a single-piece long frock reaching down to the knees. In our childhood we saw bakers wearing a shin and trousers which were shorter than full-length ones and longer than half pants. Even today, anyone who wears a half pant which reaches just below the knees invites the comment that he is dressed like a pader! The baker usually collected his bills at the end of the month. Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil. Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days.”

(i). The author says that ‘Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days.’ Which of the following reasons justify this claim?
(a) Everyone routinely bought bread.
(b) Bread was always sold fresh.
(c) All social occasions were somehow linked with bread.
(d) Monthly accounts used to be recorded on some wall in pencil.
Answer: (c) All social occasions were somehow linked with bread.
In simple words: Since every major event and festival required the baker's products, his business was highly successful and profitable.

Exam Tip: The central theme of the chapter is that Goan social life was completely dependent on the baker's items, ensuring his continuous profits.

(ii). People wearing half-pants were taunted in Goa. Why? Answer in 40 words.
Answer: Individuals wearing three-quarter pants that ended just below the knee were teased because their clothing resembled the classic attire of local bakers. Consequently, they were often lightheartedly mock-labeled as being dressed like a "pader".
In simple words: People wearing three-quarter pants were teased because they looked exactly like the traditional Goan bakers.

Exam Tip: Explicitly connect the knee-length pants to the "pader" or baker's traditional clothing style to earn full marks.

(iii). The presence of the baker’s furnace in the village was absolutely essential because _____.
Answer: every local celebration, wedding, party, and festival depended on the fresh baked goods prepared by the baker.
In simple words: ...every major celebration, party, and festival required the baker's freshly prepared breads.

Exam Tip: Complete the sentence by explaining how Goan social functions were impossible to host without the baker's contributions.

(iv). Paders used to wear a peculiar dress known as the ‘kabar. Replace the word ‘peculiar’ with another from the options given below so that the meaning remains the same.
(a) absurd
(b) strange
(c) silly
(d) ridiculous
Answer: (b) strange
In simple words: The word "strange" is a direct synonym for "peculiar", meaning uncommon or distinctive, making option (b) the correct choice.

Exam Tip: Select the synonym that carries a neutral meaning (like "strange" or "distinctive") rather than a judgmental one (like "silly" or "ridiculous").

Coorg

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. What is Coorg famous for? What is the story about the Kodavu people’s descent
Answer: Coorg is famous for its coffee, spices, and beautiful landscapes. There are two main legends regarding the origins of the Kodavu people. One story suggests they descend from Greek soldiers in Alexander's army who stayed back and married locals. Another theory points to an Arab background, evidenced by their traditional black coat, the Kuppia, which resembles Arab attire.
In simple words: Coorg is famous for coffee and spices. The locals might be descended from Alexander's Greek soldiers or from Arabs, based on their traditional dress.

Exam Tip: Make sure to address both parts of the question: what the place is famous for, and the two origin stories.

Question. Write down Alexander’s story about Coorg’s descent.
Answer: According to local lore, a segment of Alexander the Great's military marched southwards along the coastline. Finding it impossible to journey back to their homeland, they decided to stay in this region. They wedded the native women, blending their traditions with the local culture.
In simple words: Soldiers from Alexander's army went south and could not go back home. They settled down in Coorg and married the local people.

Exam Tip: Mention that the impossibility of their return led them to settle and marry locally.

Question. Why do most of the visitors keep away from Coorg during the monsoons? When do they resume their journey? Give reasons.
Answer: Most tourists avoid traveling to Coorg during the monsoon season because of the extremely heavy downpours. They prefer to visit between September and March, when the weather becomes perfect and has only light, pleasant showers.
In simple words: It rains too heavily in the monsoons, so tourists stay away. They visit from September to March when the climate is lovely.

Exam Tip: Clearly state both the reason for avoiding monsoons (heavy downpours) and the ideal period (September to March).

Question. Describe the wild life of Coorg.
Answer: The region boasts a rich variety of animals. Huge freshwater fish swim in the rivers, while birds like kingfishers swoop down to hunt. In the trees, langurs and squirrels toss half-eaten fruits into the water to see the splashing ripples, and elephants love being washed in the river.
In simple words: Coorg has many animals like large river fish, kingfishers, playful squirrels, langurs, and elephants that love bathing in the river water.

Exam Tip: Mention specific animals like "Mahaseer" (the large freshwater fish), langurs, and elephants to show thorough reading.

Question. Why is Coorg called the land of rolling hills?
Answer: The area gets this name because it is a picturesque hill station filled with endless high slopes. When looking at the landscape, these hills appear to extend continuously, creating a beautiful flowing vista.
In simple words: Coorg is full of beautiful hills that look like they are rolling gently across the landscape.

Exam Tip: Explain how the hills look from a panoramic perspective to fully answer the "why" part.

Question. How do the wild animals, birds and beasts enjoy the clear water of the Kavery?
Answer: Various creatures make the most of the pristine Kaveri River. Fish swim freely in the clean currents, and birds dive down for their food. Animals such as squirrels and langurs toss half-finished fruits into the stream to watch the water splash, while elephants love bathing and playing in it.
In simple words: Animals enjoy the river in different ways: elephants bathe in it, squirrels throw fruit to make splashes, and birds dive to catch fish.

Exam Tip: Make sure to mention the Kaveri River by name and describe how different animals interact with it.

Question. Coorgis are hospitable by nature. Explain.
Answer: The people of this region are highly welcoming and friendly towards guests. They love showing warmth to visitors and take great pride in sharing thrilling stories about the heroic acts performed by their ancestors and relatives.
In simple words: Coorgi people are extremely welcoming. They enjoy having guests and telling them exciting stories about their family's bravery.

Exam Tip: Mention that sharing "tales of valour" or "ancestral bravery" is a core part of their hospitality.

Question. How do we know that Kodavus are a race of warriors?
Answer: The warrior heritage of this community is clear from their military record and household customs. Families enjoy sharing stories about the bravery of their relatives. Furthermore, the army's Coorg Regiment has earned numerous medals, and the initial commander-in-chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, belonged to this region.
In simple words: Coorgis are famous warriors. The first chief of the Indian Army was a Coorgi, and their army regiment is highly decorated with medals.

Exam Tip: Mention "General Cariappa" and the "Coorg Regiment" to prove the warrior heritage of the Kodavus.

Question. How can one reach Coorg ?
Answer: Travelers can access this destination using roads, trains, or flights. From Bengaluru, two highway paths exist, both spanning roughly 250 to 260 kilometers. The path through Mysore is more popular, while the alternative goes through Neelamangal, Kunigal, and Channarayapatna.
In simple words: You can travel to Coorg by plane, train, or car. It is about 250-260 km from Bangalore, and the most common road route goes through Mysore.

Exam Tip: Mention the distance from Bangalore (250-260 km) and the Mysore route to make your answer precise.

Question. Describe the natural beauty of Coorg.
Answer: Located in Karnataka between Mysore and the coast of Mangalore, this scenic spot features rolling hills and dense evergreen forests. It is highly celebrated for its extensive coffee estates, aromatic spice plantations, and diverse animal life.
In simple words: Coorg is a gorgeous hill station with green forests, coffee plantations, and lots of wild animals. It is located between Mysore and Mangalore.

Exam Tip: Note the location (between Mysore and Mangalore) and mention its evergreen rainforests.

Question. Why are the people of Coorg known as descendants of the Arabs?
Answer: The belief in their Arab ancestry comes from their traditional attire. The local Kodavas wear a long, dark coat with a decorated belt, referred to as a Kuppia. This dress looks remarkably like the Kuffia worn by Arabs and Kurds, suggesting a historical link.
In simple words: The people of Coorg wear a long black coat called a Kuppia, which is very similar to the Kuffia worn Arab people.

Exam Tip: Compare the "Kuppia" worn by the Kodavus with the "Kuffia" worn by the Arabs to explain the connection.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. How can one enjoy life in the region of Coorg?
                                              Or
Describe Coorg’s weather, main crops and the sports which fascinate the visitors.
Answer: Coorg serves as an incredible and informative destination for travelers, celebrated for its brave and hospitable citizens. The most suitable time to visit is from September until March, as torrential rains during the monsoons can disrupt outdoor activities. The Kaveri River is home to wildlife like the large Mahaseer fish and diving kingfishers. In the woodlands, visitors can spot squirrels, langurs, and elephants, with elephant rides proving very popular with kids. The region's primary agricultural products are coffee and spices. For active travelers, there are plentiful water sports, rock climbing, and hiking paths, alongside a trek up the Brahmagiri hills that yields a sweeping view of the area, accessible via a rope bridge.
In simple words: Tourists can enjoy Coorg's beautiful nature, coffee plantations, elephant rides, water sports, and hiking trails between September and March.

Exam Tip: Categorize your answer into weather, wildlife, crops (coffee/spices), and adventure activities to ensure structured delivery.

Question. What do you know about the descent of people of Coorg ?
Answer: The ancestry of Coorg's residents is linked to either Greek or Arab origins. One tale mentions that a division of Alexander the Great's army moved south along the coast and settled in Coorg because they could not return home. They married local women, which is why their wedding customs, religious rituals, and martial traditions are different from mainstream Hindu practices. Another theory suggests an Arab origin because of their long black coat with a decorated belt, called Kuppia, which resembles the Kuffia worn by Arabs. The Greek military connection is highly favored due to their strong warrior culture and distinct social ceremonies.
In simple words: Coorgis are believed to be descended from Greek soldiers or Arab traders. This is seen in their unique marriage rites, warrior culture, and traditional black coats.

Exam Tip: Contrast the two theories clearly: the Greek theory is backed by marriage/religious rites, while the Arab theory is supported by the Kuppia dress.

Question. Describe what you know about the descent of the people of Coorg?
Answer: The ancestral roots of the Coorgi people are believed to lie in Greek or Arab heritages. According to one account, Greek soldiers from Alexander's campaigns traveled south along the coast and settled down when returning home proved impossible. They married native inhabitants, leaving an impact on local wedding ceremonies, religious practices, and martial lifestyles, which differ from typical Hindu traditions. Alternatively, their Arab connection is suggested by the Kuppia - a long, dark coat with an embroidered belt worn by Kodavas that resembles the Arab Kuffia.
In simple words: Coorgis might have Greek origins from Alexander's soldiers who married locally, or Arab origins indicated by their traditional black coat called Kuppia.

Exam Tip: Emphasize how their distinct cultural rites set them apart from the Hindu mainstream to back up the Greek descent theory.

Question. The Coorgies are thousands of miles away from their origin, Greece and Arab. Yet they carry on their unique values, customs and practices. Does this makes them appreciable to you ?
Answer: It is truly admirable how the people of Coorg have preserved their unique Greek or Arab heritage despite living so far from those regions. Their ability to maintain traditional customs offers a valuable lesson about staying connected to one's roots. Just as we respect people who move abroad but hold onto their cultural identity, we must appreciate how the Kodavas have kept their ancestral practices alive. Traditional values and family ties shape our identity and keep communities connected over generations.
In simple words: Coorgis teach us to never forget where we came from. Even though they live far from their ancestral homes, they proudly keep their old customs alive.

Exam Tip: Focus on the universal value of "remembering one's roots" to address the value-based nature of this question.

Question. The Coorgis are the descendants of the Greeks or the Arabs and are still are able to maintain their traditional practices. Do you agree that following these practices today is important ? Why/Why not?
Answer: Preserving traditional customs is highly crucial because it maintains a community's unique identity for future generations. If the Kodavas had abandoned their heritage, their rich history would have been lost over time. Today, their legacy survives through their military customs, marriages, and religious ceremonies, as well as their Arab-style clothing. Holding onto these practices helps reinforce core values and positive social behaviors within a community.
In simple words: Keeping traditions alive is important because it preserves a community's unique identity. Without their customs, the Coorgis' rich history would have been forgotten.

Exam Tip: Highlight how traditions shape a community's behavior and values when explaining why they are important today.

Extract Based Questions

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
The most laidback individuals become converts to the life of high-energy adventure with river rafting, canoeing, rappelling, rock-climbing and mountain biking. Numerous walking trails in this region are a favourite with trekkers. Birds, bees and butterflies are there to give you company. Macaques. Malabar squirrels, langurs and slender loris keep a watchful eye from the tree canopy. I do, however; prefer to step aside for wild elephants.
(i) How does Coorg change the most-laidback individuals?
(a) Into high energy adventurists
(b) Into trekkers
(c) Into hikers
(d) None of the options
(ii) Which high-energy adventure sports can be done in Coorg?
(iii) State true or false.
None of the terms (a)-(d) below, can be applied to the statement - Coorg is the best place for staycation.
(a) A hypothesis - a proposed explanation for a phenomenon
(b) An assumption - something that is taken for granted or assumed to be true without proof
(c) A premise - a proposition that forms the basis of an argument
(d) A theory - a well-substantiated explanation for a natural phenomenon
(iv) How does Coorg change the most laidback individuals?
Answer:
(i) (a) Into high energy adventurists
(ii) Visitors can participate in thrilling activities such as river rafting, rock climbing, canoeing, rappelling, and mountain biking.
(iii) False
(iv) Relaxed and inactive visitors are transformed into enthusiastic participants who enjoy engaging in various outdoor thrill sports.
In simple words: Coorg is full of high-energy adventure activities that can turn even the most relaxed person into an active adventurer.

Exam Tip: List the specific outdoor sports mentioned in the text to answer question (ii) accurately.

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
Midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore sits a piece of heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God. This land of rolling hills is inhabited by a proud race of martial men, beautiful women and wild creatures.
(i) The meaning of rolling hills is _____.
(a) chains of hills
(b) hills rounded at the top
(c) ancient hills
(d) sloping hills
(ii) What does the author mean by a ‘piece of heaven that must have drifted from the kingdom of God’?
(iii) In the statement, ‘Midway between Mysore and the coastal town of Mangalore sits a piece of heaven’ the word ‘sits’ actually means _____.
(a) seated
(b) located
(c) established
(d) placed
(iv) Find the meaning of the word ‘warlike or connected with war’ from the extract.
(a) coastal
(b) inhibited
(c) drifted
(d) martial
Answer:
(i) (a) chains of hills
(ii) The writer is highlighting the breathtaking and magical natural beauty of Coorg, comparing it to a divine paradise.
(iii) (b) located
(iv) (d) martial
In simple words: Coorg is located between Mysore and Mangalore. It is so beautiful that it feels like a piece of heaven, and its people have a proud warrior history.

Exam Tip: Remember that "martial" means warlike or related to war, and "sits" simply denotes the geographical location.

Tea from Assam

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. How does Rajvir describe the tea-garden at Dhekiabari?
Answer: Rajvir was filled with joy upon witnessing the spectacular view of the Dhekiabari tea estate. Endless rows of tea plants, cut uniformly to an equal height, stretched along both sides of the road. He also observed teams of tea-pluckers outfitted in plastic aprons harvesting fresh green shoots.
In simple words: Rajvir saw neat rows of tea plants cut to the same height on both sides of the road. Women wearing plastic aprons were plucking fresh leaves.

Exam Tip: Mention key details of the scene at Dhekiabari: the uniformly pruned bushes on both sides of the road, and the tea pluckers with plastic aprons.

Question. How are the tea pluckers different from the other farm labourers?
Answer: While typical agricultural workers remain active all year round, tea-pluckers are primarily busy during the peak harvesting season between May and July. Additionally, unlike regular farmhands who wear standard clothing, tea-pluckers use distinctive plastic aprons and carry woven bamboo baskets on their backs to collect the leaves.
In simple words: Tea pluckers work mainly during the harvesting season and wear plastic aprons with bamboo baskets. General farm workers work all year and wear normal clothes.

Exam Tip: Structure your comparison around two main differences: their work seasons and their specific attire/equipment.

Question. What is the Chinese legend about tea ?
                                              Or
What is the Chinese legend associated with the discovery of tea?
Answer: According to Chinese folklore, there was an emperor who never drank water without boiling it first. One day, a few leaves from a burning branch fell into his boiling pot, giving the water a wonderful taste. These turned out to be the very first tea leaves.
In simple words: A Chinese legend says an emperor's boiling water got a delicious flavor when some leaves from a burning twig fell into it. Those were tea leaves.

Exam Tip: Clearly name the key elements: the Chinese emperor, the habit of boiling water, and the accidental flavor from falling twig leaves.

Question. What did Rajvir and Pranjol discuss in their journey?
Answer: While traveling to Assam by train, Rajvir shared an interesting fact with Pranjol that more than eighty crore cups of tea are consumed globally every day. As they sipped their hot beverages, they also spent time reading mystery books together during the ride.
In simple words: On their train journey, Rajvir and Pranjol drank hot tea and read detective novels. Rajvir shared that people around the world drink over eighty crore cups of tea daily.

Exam Tip: Mention both the discussion about global tea consumption (eighty crore cups daily) and their shared activity of reading detective stories.

Question. What made Rajvir amazed in the way ?
Answer: During the trip, Rajvir was stunned by the endless stretch of green landscapes, as he had never witnessed such massive vegetation before. Tea plantations seemed to cover every inch of the land like a vast green ocean, with neatly arranged rows of bushes as far as he could see.
In simple words: Rajvir was amazed by the massive green tea fields that looked like a vast ocean and were planted in very neat rows.

Exam Tip: Use descriptive terms like 'ocean of green' or 'endless greenery' to capture Rajvir's amazement as described in the story.

Question. What was the Indian legend about the discovery of tea ?
                       ​​​​​​​                       Or
Write down the buddhist legend about tea.
Answer: An Indian tale tells of an ancient Buddhist monk named Bodhidharma. To prevent himself from falling asleep during long hours of prayer and meditation, he cut off his own eyelids. From the place where his eyelids fell, ten tea plants grew, and drinking their leaves in hot water helped keep sleep away.
In simple words: An Indian story says a monk named Bodhidharma cut off his eyelids so he would not sleep during meditation. Ten tea plants grew from his eyelids, and drinking their leaves kept people awake.

Exam Tip: Be sure to mention Bodhidharma by name and explain how his discarded eyelids grew into tea plants that cured sleepiness.

Question. What more do you know about tea?
Answer: The custom of drinking tea began in China, and popular terms like 'Chai' and 'Chini' are actually Chinese in origin. It wasn't until the sixteenth century that tea reached European shores, where people initially consumed it for its medicinal properties rather than as a daily drink.
In simple words: Tea was first enjoyed in China, and words like 'Chai' and 'Chini' come from there. It came to Europe in the 1500s and was first used as a medicine.

Exam Tip: Include the origin (China), the etymology ('Chai' and 'Chini'), and its initial usage in Europe as a medicine.

Question. How are the tea leaves collected in Assam ?
Answer: Assam boasts the largest density of tea estates globally. To gather the crop, groups of women head into the fields wearing plastic aprons and carrying large bamboo baskets on their backs, carefully plucking the fresh tea leaves and dropping them inside.
In simple words: Women in Assam go to the fields in groups with bamboo baskets on their backs. Wearing plastic aprons, they pluck the tea leaves and put them in the baskets.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the visual aspect of the harvest: groups of women, plastic aprons, and bamboo baskets on their backs.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. What landscape did Rajvir notice while sitting in the train?
Answer: Rajvir was deeply captivated by the breathtaking scenery visible from the train. Massive, lush green tea plantations stretched out on both sides of the tracks, backed by majestic trees growing on the distant hillsides. From afar, the women working in the fields resembled tiny dolls as they plucked leaves. He also observed a contrast in the landscape, such as an old, unsightly industrial building with smoke rising from its chimneys. Upon arrival, Mr. and Mrs. Barua welcomed him and drove him to the Dhekiabari Tea Estate. Along the gravel paths, he saw endless fields of neatly trimmed tea bushes during their second harvest season, with female workers carrying bamboo baskets and wearing protective aprons as they gathered fresh leaves.
In simple words: Rajvir saw beautiful green tea gardens stretching across hills, with women plucking leaves who looked like small dolls. He also saw a tea factory with smoke and neat rows of bushes at Dhekiabari.

Exam Tip: Describe the scenery chronologically, starting with what he saw from the train and moving to what he saw on the drive to Dhekiabari Tea Estate.

Question. What details do you gather about tea from the lesson, ‘Tea from Assam’?
                       ​​​​​​​                       ​​​​​​​                       Or
What information do you gather about the history of tea after reading the lesson, ‘Tea from Assam’.
Answer: The chapter reveals that tea has a rich history originating in China around 2700 B.C., giving rise to common terms like 'Chai' and 'Chini'. By the sixteenth century, the drink made its way to Europe, where it was initially utilized as a medicinal remedy rather than a social beverage. Today, Assam holds the distinction of having the densest population of tea estates in the world. In these fields, groups of women equipped with bamboo backpacks and plastic aprons work diligently to harvest newly grown leaves.
In simple words: Tea was first drunk in China over 4,500 years ago. It came to Europe as a medicine in the 1500s. Today, Assam has the most tea gardens in the world, where women pluck fresh leaves.

Exam Tip: Mention key factual milestones: China (2700 B.C.), Europe (16th century, medicinal use), and Assam's global status as the tea capital.

Question. Rajvir felt too excited on reaching Assam while Pranjol showed least interest in his excitement. What could be the reason behind this ? Do you think it is appropriate on Pranjol’s part to react like this? Justify you answer with reason.
Answer: Pranjol had invited Rajvir to spend the holidays at his home in Assam. Upon their arrival, Rajvir was completely spellbound by the scenic tea gardens, which was a brand new experience for him. In contrast, Pranjol had grown up around these plantations, making them a very ordinary sight, which explains his lack of excitement. However, Pranjol's passive reaction was not entirely right, as his indifference could have discouraged his friend's high spirits. In close friendships, it is important to share in each other's joy and respect their feelings. Even when something is familiar to us, showing enthusiasm for a friend's sake helps nurture and strengthen the relationship.
In simple words: Pranjol was used to tea gardens, so he was not excited, but Rajvir was seeing them for the first time. Even though Pranjol's reaction was natural, he should have tried to share his friend's happiness to be a supportive friend.

Exam Tip: Structure your response into two parts: first explain the reason for their different reactions, and then evaluate Pranjol's behavior from the perspective of friendship values.

Extract Based Questions

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
Pranjol’s father slowed down to allow a tractor, pulling a trailer-load of tea leaves, to pass. This is the second flush or sprouting period, isn’t it, Mr. Barua? Rajvir asked, “It lasts from May to July and yields the best tea.” “You seem to have done your homework before coming”, Pranjol’s father said in surprise, “Yes, Mr. Barua”, Rajvir admitted.
“But I hope to learn much more while I’m here.”

(i) What is the sprouting period of tea?
(a) July to August (b) May to July
(c) June to July (d) May to June
(ii) How did Rajvir want to spend his stay there?
(iii) Read the following descriptions (a)-(c) and identify which one correctly corresponds to the extract.
(a) An autobiographical account describing the author’s feelings and thought regarding an event in her life.
(b) A story narrated from the perspective of an all knowing narrator.
(c) A brochure which gives us a picture of the places’ culture, people and tourist destination.
(iv) Which word would correctly substitute ‘produces’, in the given sentence from the extract ?
Do you know which of the following methods produces the best result?
Answer:
(i) (b) May to July
(ii) Rajvir wished to spend his visit exploring Assam's scenic landscape and gaining a deeper understanding of its tea cultivation.
(iii) (b) A story narrated from the perspective of an all knowing narrator.
(iv) yields
In simple words: The second sprouting season for tea is from May to July. During his trip, Rajvir wanted to explore Assam and learn a lot more about how tea is grown.

Exam Tip: Ensure you pay attention to specific terms like 'second flush' and 'yields' as they are central to the comprehension of this extract.

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
They sipped the steaming hot liquid. Almost everyone in their compartment was drinking tea too. “Do you know that over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world?” Rajvir said.
“Whew!” exclaimed Pranjol. “Tea really is very popular”

The train pulled out of the station. Pranjol buried his nose in his detective book again. Rajvir too was an ardent fan of detective stories, but at the moment he was keener on looking at the beautiful scenery. It was green, green everywhere. Rajvir had never seen so much greenery before. Then the soft green paddy fields gave way to tea bushes.

(i) Remove the most unsuitable synonym of the idiomatic expression in, ‘Primp! buried his nose in his detective book again’ from the options given below.
(a) to be a bibliophile
(b) to be a bibliographer
(c) to be engrossed
(d) to be a bookworm
(ii) Which one of the following statements is a testament to the enormous popularity of tea?
(a) Almost everyone in the author’s compartment was drinking tea with relish.
(b) The author and his friend also enjoyed the hot tea.
(c) Over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world.
(d) The author is describing his life on a tea plantation in Assam.
(iii) Where were Rajvir and Pranjol going? Answer in about 40 words.
(iv) Substitute the word ‘ardent’ with another without changing the meaning of the sentence: ‘Rajvir too was an ardent fan of detective stories, but at the moment he was keener on looking at the beautiful scenery.’
Answer:
(i) (b) to be a bibliographer
(ii) (c) Over eighty crore cups of tea are drunk every day throughout the world.
(iii) The two classmates were traveling by train to Assam. Because Pranjol's father ran a tea estate, he had invited Rajvir to spend the holidays there and learn about plantation life in person.
(iv) passionate
In simple words: Rajvir and Pranjol were traveling to Assam to visit Pranjol's family tea estate. During the journey, Rajvir shared that eighty crore cups of tea are consumed every day worldwide.

Exam Tip: Ensure you identify synonyms carefully; 'bibliographer' refers to someone who compiles lists of books, which is unrelated to being deeply absorbed in reading.

3. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
It was a magnificent view. Against the backdrop of densely wooded hills a sea of tea bushes stretched as far as the eye could see. Dwarfing the tiny tea plants were tall sturdy shade-trees and amidst the orderly rows of bushes busily moved doll-like figures. In the distance was an ugly building with smoke billowing out of tall chimneys.
“Hey, a tea garden!” Rajvir cried excitedly.
Pranjol, who had been born and brought up on a plantation, didn’t share Rajvir’s excitement.

(i) Which figure of speech has been used in ‘a sea of bushes’?
(a) metaphor
(b) simile
(c) personification
(d) irony
(ii) Who does the author refer to when he says “doll like figures”?
(a) estate managers
(b) tea-pluckers
(c) agricultural machines
(d) gardeners
(iii) Which of these words has the same meaning as the word ‘billowing’ in the passage?
(a) rising
(b) fluttering
(c) flapping
(d) inflating
(iv) What can be called or described as the proverbial ‘blot on the landscape’ in the extract?
Answer:
(i) (a) metaphor
(ii) (b) tea-pluckers
(iii) (a) rising
(iv) The author describes how the scenic charm of the tea gardens - characterized by vast fields of green bushes stretching to the horizon and leafy shade trees - is disrupted by an unsightly building, which is likely a tea processing factory emitting smoke from its tall chimneys.
In simple words: The beautiful view of the green tea gardens was ruined by an ugly factory building with smoke coming out of its chimneys.

Exam Tip: A 'blot on the landscape' refers to something ugly that spoils a beautiful view. Here, it refers to the chimney-smoke emitting tea processing unit.