CBSE Class 10 English Glimpses of India Assignment Set 02

A Baker from Goa

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. The author says - ‘During our childhood in Goa, the baker used to be our friend, companion and guide.’ Elaborate.
Answer: Lucio Rodrigues, the narrator, feels deeply nostalgic when recalling the traditional village baker of Goa who was highly respected. Describing the baker as a close companion, guide, and friend highlights the warm human values of Goan society. It also reflects the author's own deep respect for every profession without discrimination. Moreover, the baker's orderly routine and highly desired bread loaves served as a lesson in punctuality for the local children.
In simple words: The writer fondly remembers how the village baker was a close friend to the children. The baker's regular daily schedule also taught them to always be on time.

Exam Tip: Make sure to mention the baker's role as a friend, companion, and guide, and how his daily routine taught kids about punctuality.

Question. “During our childhood in Goa, the baker used to be our friend, companion and guide.” What does this statement imply in relation to the character of the baker ?
Answer: This quote indicates that the baker possessed an excellent moral character. The kids' affection for him shows that he was extremely patient, loving, and acted more like a trusted family friend than a simple shopkeeper. Additionally, he held a respected position in Goan community life and would teach young children the importance of proper etiquette and good manners.
In simple words: The baker was not just a merchant but a kind, patient friend to the children. He helped guide them to behave well.

Exam Tip: Highlight the baker's traits of patience, affection, and his status as a respected guide in the community.

Question. Justify the opinion that the traditional baker and his bread play a significant role in the cultural and social fabric of Goan society.
Answer: The local baker and his baked goods are deeply interwoven into the social and cultural traditions of Goa. Far from being a basic food staple, bread was an indispensable requirement for weddings, parties, and festive celebrations. Serving specific kinds of bread also served as a reflection of a family's social standing and financial status.
In simple words: In Goa, bread was a necessary part of every major life event, like weddings. It was also a sign of a family's social and financial position.

Exam Tip: Emphasize that bread was an essential item for cultural events (like marriages) and functioned as a status symbol.

Question. How did the baker become synonymous with celebrations and occasions in Goa?
Answer: Bakers became central to Goan festivities because their products were essential for every celebration. For instance, sweet coconut cookies (bolinhas) and cakes were mandatory for Christmas. Similarly, a mother had to prepare bread sandwiches during her daughter's engagement ceremony. Without these specialized bread items, weddings and engagement parties completely lost their charm and joy.
In simple words: No celebration in Goa was complete without the baker's items. Sweets like bolinhas were required for Christmas, and sandwiches were necessary for engagements.

Exam Tip: Specifically name 'bolinhas' (coconut cookies) for Christmas and sandwiches for engagements to score full marks.

Question. How is bread an important part of life in Goa? Or Is bread an important part of Goan life? How do you know this?
Answer: Undoubtedly, bread is a crucial element of daily life and culture in Goa. It is a mandatory requirement for feast days, parties, and wedding presents. Additionally, a mother has to prepare sandwiches using bread for her daughter's engagement party. Because various types of bread are required for almost every event, having a functional baking furnace in the village remains absolutely vital.
In simple words: Bread is required for all Goan events, from engagement parties to festivals. This makes the local bakery furnace extremely important to the community.

Exam Tip: Point out the necessity of the baker's furnace in the village as key evidence of how central bread is to Goan life.

Question. When did the baker come every day? Why did the children run to meet him? Or When would the baker come everyday? Or Why did the children run to meet him? Or Why did the children run to meet the baker every day?
Answer: The traditional Goan baker made his rounds twice daily. He first appeared in the early morning to begin his sales journey, and returned later in the day after completely selling out all the items from his large basket. Children eagerly ran to greet him because they viewed him as a friendly companion. They were especially excited to get the tasty bread-bangles or the specially made sweet bread.
In simple words: The baker visited twice a day - once in the morning to sell bread, and once on his way back. Children ran to meet him to get delicious bread-bangles.

Exam Tip: Make sure to clearly state that the baker visited twice a day and explain that children wanted the special 'bread-bangles'.

Question. What do we learn about the financial condition of the bakers of Goa? Or Why did the baker and his family always look happy and prosperous
Answer: The bakers of Goa enjoyed a very comfortable financial status, as baking was a highly lucrative trade. Their plump, round physical appearance, often compared to a jackfruit, was clear proof of their wealth. As a result, the bakers, along with their families and staff, always appeared joyful, healthy, and well-off.
In simple words: Baking was a well-paying job in Goa, so bakers were wealthy. Their plump bodies showed that they and their families never went hungry.

Exam Tip: Use the phrase "jackfruit-like physical appearance" or "plump physique" to describe their prosperity, as this is a key textual detail examiners look for.

Question. What do the elders in Goa still love to remember?
Answer: The older generation in Goa fondly reminisces about the historic Portuguese era, the Portuguese people, and their famous, mouth-watering loaves of bread. Although the original Portuguese rulers departed long ago, their traditional baking techniques continue to be practiced as a cherished heritage today.
In simple words: Elders in Goa love to think back to the old Portuguese times and their delicious bread. Even though the Portuguese left, the tradition of baking remains.

Exam Tip: Mention both the "Portuguese rule/days" and their "famous loaves of bread" to secure full marks.

Question. How can a baker be recognised?
Answer: A traditional baker is easily identified by the distinct thud and musical jingle of his custom bamboo staff as he walks. Furthermore, his unique attire is highly recognizable. He historically wore a distinctive, one-piece long dress that stretched down to his knees, known as a 'Kabai'.
In simple words: You can identify a baker by the ringing sound of his bamboo stick and by his special knee-length dress called a Kabai.

Exam Tip: Be sure to mention both identifiers: the jingling bamboo stick and the name of the traditional dress, 'Kabai'.

Question.. How can you say, ‘bread-baking is still popular in Goa’?
Answer: The enduring popularity of bread-baking in Goa is evident from the continued presence of traditional mixers, moulders, and bakers. The ancient, time-tested baking ovens are still actively used today. Additionally, major cultural festivals and events are incomplete without traditional loaves, sweet 'bol' bread, or ring-shaped bread-bangles.
In simple words: We know baking is still popular because the old ovens are still in use, and people still prepare special breads like 'bol' for festivals.

Exam Tip: Highlight the continuous existence of the mixers, moulders, and age-old furnaces to prove the tradition is alive.

Question. What are the different varieties of bread popular in Goa? What occasions are they associated with?
Answer: Goan bakers produce a wide range of high-quality breads tailored for specific occasions. For instance, the sweet bread known as 'bol' is a mandatory wedding gift. Children are highly drawn to the fragrant, ring-shaped bread-bangles. Traditional bread loaves are consumed daily, while specialized cakes and coconut cookies, called 'bolinhas', are essential items prepared for Christmas and other major festivals.
In simple words: Goan bakers make sweet bread ('bol') for weddings, sweet cookies ('bolinhas') and cakes for Christmas, and fun bread-bangles for children.

Exam Tip: Provide a clear list of the specific breads and pair them with their respective occasions ('bol' for weddings, 'bolinhas' for Christmas) to get maximum marks.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. The narrator shares, “Baking was indeed a profitable profession in the old days.”
(a) What do you feel has changed now? Why?
(b) State any one way, you feel, the Paders can regain their lost glory.
Answer: (a) In modern times, several economic shifts have significantly lowered the profits of traditional Goan bakers. Major commercial bakeries have marginalized independent local bakers by offering cheaper, mass-produced alternatives. Furthermore, the younger generation is heavily influenced by attractive marketing campaigns, leading them to prefer heavily advertised commercial brands. Consequently, despite making superior, high-quality items, local paders struggle to market their lesser-known goods to consumers who are drawn to branded options.
(b) To restore the community's former prosperity, there needs to be strong governmental and public support for locally crafted goods. By actively supporting the "vocal for local" movement and buying directly from traditional neighborhood bakeries, communities can revitalize these small-scale artisans. National self-reliance initiatives can also provide financial aid and resources to help these traditional craftsmen preserve their livelihoods.
In simple words: (a) Today, big companies and clever advertisements make it hard for local bakers to sell their high-quality goods. (b) We can help local bakers by buying their bread instead of buying from big corporate brands.

Exam Tip: Structure your answer into clear, labeled parts (a) and (b) exactly as asked. Use terms like "vocal for local" and "corporate competition" to enhance your explanation.

Question. In the chapter, ‘A Baker from Goa’ the narrator talks about his childhood in Goa and his fond memories. Compare the childhood of Nelson Mandela with that of the narrator.
Answer: The early memories of both authors provide deep insights into their respective cultural heritages. Nelson Mandela grew up in a rural environment, spending his time amongst natural fields and streams, whereas Lucio Rodrigues spent his childhood in a Goan environment heavily influenced by Portuguese and English cultural traditions. While Mandela worked as a young herd boy, Rodrigues came from an educated, affluent household focused on proper etiquette and daily hygiene. Mandela's upbringing was marked by poverty, requiring him to eat simple field foods like roasted corn, whereas Rodrigues grew up in a prosperous family that easily enjoyed expensive treats like bread-bangles. Ultimately, while Mandela's life was a continuous battle for basic human rights, Rodrigues enjoyed a comfortable, peaceful childhood.
In simple words: Mandela had a tough, rural childhood tending cattle and eating simple food, while Rodrigues grew up in a wealthy Goan home with delicious treats and comfortable living.

Exam Tip: Clearly contrast key aspects such as their financial backgrounds, daily environments, and life struggles to build a comprehensive comparative answer.

Question. After reading the story “A Baker from Goa”, do you think our traditions, heritage, values and practices are the roots that nourish us? Why/why not?
Answer: Yes, our cultural heritage and values act as the vital foundation that nurtures our identity. This is beautifully shown in "A Baker from Goa", where the centuries-old custom of baking specific breads for social events continues to thrive. These long-standing traditions help keep us grounded and connected to our ancestry. Our core values shape our characters, build emotional resilience during tough times, and direct how we treat others with respect and kindness within our community.
In simple words: Our traditions and values keep us connected to our history and help us grow into strong, caring people. The story of the Goan baker shows how beautiful it is to keep these old customs alive.

Exam Tip: Connect the lesson's theme of Goan baking to broader concepts of emotional strength, identity preservation, and social values.

Question. For what reasons was a baker in the Goan village considered very essential ? What was the peculiar dress of the baker in the Portuguese days ? Or What was the peculiar dress of the bakers during the Portuguese days?
Answer: A village baker was an indispensable part of Goan life because various cultural occasions relied completely on his baked items. For example, wedding celebrations were incomplete without the sweet bread known as 'bol'. A daughter's engagement ceremony required the preparation of bread sandwiches, while Christmas celebrations depended on cakes and 'bolinhas' (coconut cookies). Additionally, children eagerly bought ring-shaped bread-bangles from them.
During the Portuguese era, these bakers wore a highly unique outfit called the 'Kabai' - a single-piece, long frock that reached down to their knees.
In simple words: The baker was crucial because his sweet bread ('bol') was needed for weddings, sandwiches for engagements, and cakes for Christmas. He also wore a unique knee-length frock called a Kabai.

Exam Tip: This question has two distinct parts: why the baker was essential, and his dress style. Answer both clearly in separate paragraphs to avoid losing marks.

Question. Give a pen-portrait of a traditional Goan village baker.
Answer: A traditional Goan village baker, or "pader", represents a beloved and highly prosperous figure in local history. Originating from the Portuguese era, baking remains a highly respected family trade, with traditional ovens still in operation today. The baker acted as a close friend to the local children, visiting neighborhoods twice a day. His arrival in the morning was marked by the distinctive thud and jingle of his bamboo staff, which served as a joyful wake-up call for children who rushed out to buy sweet bread-bangles. While domestic helpers purchased the daily loaves, the baker collected his earnings at the month's end, keeping record of accounts on a wall in pencil. Possessing a plump, healthy physique, the baker wore a distinctive attire, historically the 'Kabai' and later three-quarter trousers, symbolizing his unique place in the community.
In simple words: The traditional Goan baker was a wealthy family businessman who visited twice daily, carrying a jingling bamboo stick. Children loved him for his sweet bread-bangles, and he wore a unique outfit.

Exam Tip: A "pen-portrait" means describing his appearance, habits, dress, social standing, and daily routine in detail. Combine these elements into a descriptive paragraph.

Question. Baking was considered an essential and a profitable profession in a traditional Goan village. What reasons does the writer give to support his point ? Or Bread and cakes were an integral part of Goan life in olden days. Discuss the memories that author recollects about good old Portuguese days and their loaves of bread.
Answer: The narrator provides several key details to show that baking was both indispensable and highly profitable in Goan villages. Heavily influenced by Portuguese culinary traditions, baking was carried out as a respected ancestral trade. Specific baked goods were mandatory for all social milestones; for example, weddings required the sweet bread called 'bol', engagements required sandwiches, and festivals like Christmas were incomplete without cakes and 'bolinhas'. Since demand was continuous, bakers earned a steady income, recording their monthly transactions on household walls using a pencil and collecting payments at month's end. The financial success of the trade was reflected in the bakers' plump physical appearance, proving that they and their families lived comfortable, prosperous lives without ever facing hunger.
In simple words: Baking was a secure job because Goans needed bread for every festival and family event. Bakers were so well-paid that they and their families always looked happy and well-fed.

Exam Tip: Discuss both sides of the prompt - why baking was "essential" (cultural events) and why it was "profitable" (steady income, plump physique, monthly billing).

Extract Based Questions

Extract 1
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“Marriage gifts are meaningless without the sweet bread known as the ‘bol’ just as a party or a feast loses its charm without bread. Not enough can be said to show how important a baker can be for a village. The lady of the house must prepare sandwiches on the occasion of her daughter’s engagement. Cakes and ‘bor’ are a must for Christmas as well as other festivals. Thus, the presence of the baker in the village is absolutely essential.”

(i). Breads are a very important part of the culture of the people in Goa. Which of the given options does not corroborate the statement?
(a) Bols are central to marriage celebrations and festivals.
(b) Festivals especially Christmas are incomplete without cakes.
(c) Every house has their own furnace in Goa.
(d) Special sandwiches are made on a daughter’s engagement.
Answer: (c) Every house has their own furnace in Goa.
In simple words: The correct option is (c) because only the village baker has the baking furnace, not every individual household.

Exam Tip: Read the options carefully. The text mentions "the presence of the baker's furnace in the village", which contradicts the idea of every house having its own furnace.

(ii). What makes the marriage gifts meaningless? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer: Wedding gifts completely lose their significance if the traditional sweet bread, known as 'bol', is not included. Just as a social gathering or a party feels incomplete without fresh bread, a marriage celebration is deemed charmless without this essential sweet treat.
In simple words: Wedding gifts are meaningless if the traditional sweet bread called 'bol' is missing.

Exam Tip: Keep your answer brief and directly mention the name of the sweet bread ('bol') to secure full marks.

(iii). The word ‘sandwich’ is named after the Earl of Sandwich who loved eating sandwiches. Read the following descriptions (a)-(c) and identify which one does not correspond to the name of a person in its origin as shown in the extract.
(a) It is Murphy’s Law.
(b) Maintain the temperature at 200 Fahrenheit.
(c) We are leaving for the Indira Gandhi International airport.
Answer: (c) We are leaving for the Indira Gandhi International airport.
In simple words: Option (c) is the correct choice because it is a direct name of a place rather than an eponym where an everyday object or rule is named after a person.

Exam Tip: Match the pattern of eponyms (where an everyday term is derived from a person's name) to determine the correct option.

(iv). What is the traditional name of bakers in Goa and what made them different from other people in appearance?
Answer: The traditional title given to Goan bakers is "pader". They were distinguished by their plump, round physical appearance, which was often compared to a jackfruit, indicating their prosperous lifestyle.
In simple words: Goan bakers are traditionally called "paders." They had a plump, round body like a jackfruit, which showed they were wealthy.

Exam Tip: Ensure you provide both parts of the answer: the name "pader" and the "jackfruit-like" physical description.

Extract 2
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“Our elders are often heard reminiscing nostalgically about those good old Portuguese days, the Portuguese and their famous loaves of bread. Those eaters of loaves might have vanished, but the makers are still there. We still have amongst us the mixers, the moulders and those who bake the loaves. Those age-old, time tested furnaces still exist. The fire in the furnaces has not yet been extinguished. The thud and jingle of the traditional baker’s bamboo, heralding his arrival in the morning, can still be heard in some places. Maybe the father is not alive, but the son still carries on the family profession. These bakers are, even today, known as pader in Goa. What are elders often heard reminiscing nostalgically?”

(i). The narrator says that the furnaces were ‘time-tested’ because
(a) they had been thoroughly tested each time before being used.
(b) they had proved the test of time and were working well.
(c) they had been tested by modern-day experts.
(d) they had the power to withstand inexperienced usage.
Answer: (b) they had proved the test of time and were working well.
In simple words: The furnaces are called "time-tested" because they have worked reliably for generations and are still functional today.

Exam Tip: "Time-tested" is an idiom meaning something has consistently proven its utility and durability over a very long period.

(ii). What does the “fire in the furnaces has not yet been extinguished” imply?
Answer: This phrase signifies that the traditional practice of baking bread loaves is still alive and actively carried on by local bakers in Goa today.
In simple words: It means that people are still using these traditional ovens to bake bread in Goa today.

Exam Tip: Explain the metaphor: "fire not being extinguished" represents the continuity of the tradition itself.

(iii). In the line “Those eaters of loaves might have vanished, but the makers are still there”, What is the tone of narrator and why? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer: The narrator adopts a nostalgic yet hopeful tone. He fondly recalls the bygone era of Portuguese bread consumers while expressing optimism and pride that the traditional baking practices and paders continue to survive in modern Goa.
In simple words: The writer feels both nostalgic for the past and happy that the traditional bakers are still keeping the craft alive today.

Exam Tip: Identify both emotions - nostalgia for the past and hope/optimism for the preservation of the craft - to formulate a complete answer.

(iv). Read the following options from (a)-(c) and identify which word would correctly substitute ‘signalling’ in the given sentence from the extract.
A horn sounded, signalling the arrival of Peter’s opponent.
(a) unimportant
(b) heralding
(c) mediocre
Answer: (b) heralding
In simple words: The word "heralding" means announcing or signaling the arrival of something, which makes it the correct substitute.

Exam Tip: Look for words that represent an announcement or official sign of arrival, which aligns with "signalling" and "heralding".

Extract 3
Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow:
“We kids would be pushed aside with a mild rebuke and the loaves would be delivered to the servant. But we would not give up. We would climb a bench or the parapet and peep into the basket, somehow. I can still recall the typical fragrance of those loaves. Loaves for the elders and the bangles for the children.”

(i). Why were the children pushed aside?
(a) Because they were making noise
(b) To deliver the bread to the servant
(c) To give them bread loves
(d) So that bread seller could go inside the house
Answer: (b) To deliver the bread to the servant
In simple words: The children were gently pushed away so that the baker could easily hand over the daily bread loaves to the house servants.

Exam Tip: Rely strictly on the literal details in the passage, which explicitly connects pushing the children aside to delivering the loaves to the servants.

(ii). What was there in the basket?
Answer: The baker's basket was filled with two main items: large daily loaves of bread intended for the adults, and special ring-shaped bread-bangles meant for the children.
In simple words: The basket was filled with normal bread loaves for the adults and tasty bread-bangles for the kids.

Exam Tip: Make sure to mention both items and their respective consumers (loaves for elders, bangles for children) as specified in the text.

(iii). What did children do when they were pushed aside by the baker?
Answer: Instead of giving up, the curious children would step onto a nearby bench or climb up a low wall to peer inside the baker’s large basket.
In simple words: The children would climb onto benches or nearby walls so they could still look into the baker's basket.

Exam Tip: Describe the active determination of the children using the specific verbs from the text (climbing a bench/parapet, peeping/peering).

(iv). Read the following descriptions (a)-(c) and identify which one correctly corresponds to the extract.
(a) An autobiographical account describing the author’s feelings and thought regarding an event in her life.
(b) A nostalgic remembrance of the daily routine of the narrator when he was a child.
(c) A soliloquy is a speech given by a character alone on stage, which reveals their innermost thoughts and feelings to the audience.
Answer: (b) A nostalgic remembrance of the daily routine of the narrator when he was a child.
In simple words: This passage is a warm, personal memory of the narrator's childhood days in Goa, making option (b) the correct choice.

Exam Tip: Identify the genre of the text as a memoir or personal narrative, which matches the description of "nostalgic remembrance".

Coorg

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. Coorg has been defined as a ‘piece of heaven’ by the writer. Justify.
Answer: Coorg earns the title of a 'heavenly piece' in "Glimpses of India" due to its incredible natural splendor. This destination provides an amazing getaway with its rolling landscapes, green coffee estates, thick woodlands, and varied plant and animal life. Its tranquil atmosphere, unique animals, falling streams of water, and comfortable weather combine to construct a magical environment that captivates travelers, feeling like a real paradise.
In simple words: Coorg is extremely beautiful and calm, with forests, hills, and waterfalls. Its lovely scenery makes people feel as if they are in heaven.

Exam Tip: Highlight key terms like "lush coffee plantations", "rolling hills", and "rich biodiversity" to secure maximum marks.

Question. “Coorgi homes have a tradition of hospitality, and they are more than willing to recount numerous tales of valour related to their sons and fathers.” Elaborate with reference to the chapter “Glimpses of India”.
Answer: The Indian Army's Coorg Regiment has won the highest number of medals and recognition for bravery. Additionally, the people of Coorg are the sole citizens in India permitted to own firearms without needing a license. These facts highlight how contemporary India honors the historical bravery and heroic legacy of the Coorgi people.
In simple words: Coorgi people are known for being very brave. The Indian Army's Coorg Regiment has many awards, and Coorgis can carry guns without a license.

Exam Tip: Make sure to mention both the Coorg Regiment's medals and the special firearm license exemption when discussing their bravery.

Question. Why does the author in ‘Coorg’ say that the visitors’ search for the heart and soul of India would be found in Coorg?
Answer: Visitors can discover diverse elements of India's culture and heritage in Coorg. It features breathtaking vistas, coffee estates, spice plantations, and Buddhist monasteries inhabited by monks. Since the nation's immense cultural diversity is beautifully showcased in one small region, the author believes it represents the true heart of India.
In simple words: Coorg shows India's great diversity through its gorgeous nature, coffee plantations, and Tibetan monasteries.

Exam Tip: Discuss how both natural and cultural elements (like Buddhist monks) represent India's rich diversity.

Question. Coorgis belong to a valorous and hospitable race. Comment on this statement with reference to the text.
Answer: The residents of this region are highly regarded for their courage. Today, the Kodavas remain the only community in the nation permitted to possess guns without obtaining a license. Moreover, they are incredibly welcoming to visitors, often sharing stories about the heroic deeds of their forefathers to keep guests entertained.
In simple words: Coorgi people are brave and very welcoming. They are allowed to have weapons without a license and love sharing exciting stories of their ancestors' courage.

Exam Tip: Use the term "Kodavas" when referring to the local people to show precise knowledge of the text.

Question. Do adventure sports like river rafting and rock climbing require a person to possess just physical strength? Why/Why not?
Answer: Physical power is not the only requirement for engaging in outdoor thrill sports, as psychological strength and focus are just as vital. Anyone taking part must remain calm to make fast choices when facing unexpected situations. A participant needs to understand potential hazards and ensure they carry essential safety equipment.
In simple words: Adventure sports need both physical fitness and a calm mind. You must stay focused to handle sudden emergencies safely.

Exam Tip: Emphasize the importance of "mental stability" and "quick decision-making" alongside physical fitness.

Question. Describe Coorg’s weather. When is it most pleasant for the tourists to visit Coorg?
                                              Or
In Coorg, which is the season of joy? Why?
Answer: The climate in Coorg becomes wonderful starting from September and lasting until March. This period offers ideal weather conditions, enhanced by light, refreshing rain. In contrast, the region experiences torrential downpours throughout the monsoon season.
In simple words: Coorg is best visited from September to March because the weather is lovely with light rain. It rains too heavily during the monsoons.

Exam Tip: Specify the months "September to March" clearly, as this is the key factual detail examiners look for.

Question. How will a tourist enjoy when he climbs the Brahmagiri hills?
Answer: Ascending these hills grants travelers a wide, sweeping view of the fog-covered scenery of the region, while also opening paths to several unexpected treasures. Furthermore, crossing a bridge made of rope brings visitors to a large island called Nisargadhama. Travelers can also discover Bylakuppe, which is the biggest Tibetan community in the country.
In simple words: Climbing the hills lets you see beautiful foggy views. You can cross a rope bridge to Nisargadhama island and visit a large Tibetan monastery.

Exam Tip: Name the locations "Nisargadhama" and "Bylakuppe" to secure full points for this question.

Question. The people of Coorg have a tradition of courage and bravery. How has it been recognised in modern India?
Answer: The inhabitants are known as a courageous warrior community with welcoming homes. Their brave legacy is celebrated in contemporary times, as the army's Coorg Regiment holds the distinction of winning the highest number of medals for valor. Furthermore, they are uniquely exempted from India's standard firearm licensing laws.
In simple words: Modern India honors Coorgi bravery by giving their army regiment many medals and letting Coorgis carry guns without needing a license.

Exam Tip: State both the Coorg Regiment's records and the licensing exemption clearly in your answer.

Question. Which season is the best to visit Coorg?
Answer: The ideal period for a trip is between autumn and spring, specifically from September through March. The climate during these months is exceptional, characterized by occasional light showers. Visitors can also enjoy the refreshing aroma of coffee drifting through the atmosphere.
In simple words: The perfect time to visit is from September to March when the climate is lovely and the air smells like fresh coffee.

Exam Tip: Mention the pleasant weather and the distinct aroma of coffee to provide a complete answer.

Question. What proves Kodavu people’s Arab descent?
Answer: The primary evidence for their Arab heritage lies in their traditional clothing. The Kodavas wear a long, dark coat known as Kuppia, which features a decorated belt. This outfit looks very similar to the Kuffia worn historically by Arab and Kurdish people.
In simple words: The people of Coorg wear a long black coat called a Kuppia, which looks just like the traditional Arab dress called Kuffia.

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between the Greek descent theory (Alexander's army) and the Arab descent theory (the Kuppia dress).

Question. What attractions in Coorg wait to be discovered by tourists?
Answer: This scenic destination offers numerous exciting activities for adventure lovers. Main attractions include river rafting, canoeing, rock climbing, rappelling, mountain biking, and elephant rides. The lush rainforests and beautiful nature also attract many visitors.
In simple words: Coorg has fun adventure sports like rafting, climbing, and biking, as well as elephant rides and green forests.

Exam Tip: Remembering the specific adventure sports listed in the text will help you get full marks.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. Pen down a brief travelogue* entry, narrating any personal impression/s about a visit to Coorg. Include your reflections about the differences between the place where you live and the place you’ve visited. You may begin like this… As I stepped into the land of evergreen forests, I was blown away by the pristine beauty and …………
Answer: As I stepped into the land of evergreen forests, I was blown away by the pristine beauty and rich greenery of Coorg. The refreshing smell of coffee and spices constantly reminds you of where you are. This made me think of the contrast with my hometown, where polluted air is the first thing you notice. I came here to experience the natural thrill that is missing in a crowded city like Delhi, where daily commuting on packed buses is the only form of adventure. Observing the peaceful monasteries and monks gave me a deep appreciation for the unique Tibetan way of life. As someone who loves nature, I see how crucial preserving wildlife is for an ecosystem, especially when city environments are declining. This visit reminded me of the urgent need for environmental protection.
In simple words: Visiting Coorg is a wonderful escape from polluted cities. The clean air, smell of coffee, and peaceful Tibetan monasteries remind us to protect nature.

Exam Tip: For travelogue writing, keep the tone reflective, personal, and use sensory details like the smell of coffee or the sight of monasteries.

Question. How do Coorg’s location, people and natural features add to the diversity of India?
                                                                     Or
Reading ‘Coorg’ gives us an opportunity to see the beautiful Coorg and to know the people and beauty of it. This way lies its beauty which adds to the diversity of the country. This value lies in Coorg’s location, people and nature. Do you agree with it? If so write a paragraph on these aspects and the need to know all these.
Answer: Coorg is a picturesque destination, often pictured as a heavenly fragment that descended from the divine realm. It features rolling hills, clean rivers, and woodlands teeming with wild animals. Nature remains untouched here, contributing greatly to India's unique variety. Moreover, the area is covered in coffee and spice farms, distinct from other parts of the country. The resident Kodavas are a brave warrior group renowned for their immense hospitality. Together, these geographic, cultural, and natural aspects enhance the diverse fabric of India.
In simple words: Coorg adds to India's diversity with its heavenly hills, clean rivers, spice gardens, and brave, welcoming people who have unique traditions.

Exam Tip: Structure your answer around three distinct pillars: geography (rolling hills), people (martial Kodavas), and nature (evergreen forests and wildlife).

Question. One is known by one’s roots. The people of Coorg are also recognized for their values and traits in spite of being thousands of miles away from their places of origin-Greece and Arabia. Describe their values and traits.
Answer: A community's identity is deeply tied to its origins, and the independent people of Coorg show signs of Greek or Arab heritage. This ancestry is visible in their strong military customs and lifestyle. They proudly pass down stories of courage concerning their families. Their bravery is recognized nationally, as the Coorg Regiment is among the most decorated in the Indian military. Despite being far from Greece or Arabia, the Kodavas preserve their traditional values, displaying outstanding hospitality, courage, independence, and a bold spirit that sets them apart.
In simple words: Coorgis keep their Greek or Arab roots alive through their brave army traditions, independent spirit, and wonderful hospitality.

Exam Tip: Discuss how ancestral roots shape modern identity by citing the Coorg Regiment's bravery awards.

Question. Explain “The people of Coorg are famous for their tradition of hospitality and valour in the army”.
                                                                     Or
The people of Coorg have a tradition of courage and bravery. How has it been recognized in modern India?
Answer: The inhabitants of Coorg are widely respected for their warm hospitality, affection, and mutual respect. Travelers are made to feel extremely welcome while taking in the stunning views of the countryside, enjoying elephant rides, and smelling the fresh coffee plantations. The locals are always keen to recount stories of heroism concerning their family members. This community has demonstrated remarkable bravery during conflicts. Consequently, the Coorg Regiment has earned great fame, and the very first Chief of the Indian Army, General Cariappa, came from this community. In recognition of this trust, the government permits them to carry weapons without requiring a license.
In simple words: Coorgis are very welcoming and extremely brave. Their regiment is highly respected, they produced India's first Army Chief, and they are allowed to carry guns without a license.
Exam Tip: Highlight the connection between historical military achievements (General Cariappa) and modern legal privileges (carrying firearms without a license).

Extract Based Questions

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
Coorg, or Kodagu, the smallest district of Karnataka, is home to evergreen rainforests, spices and coffee plantations. Evergreen rainforests cover thirty per cent of this district. During the monsoons, it pours enough to keep many visitors away. The season of joy commences from September and continues till March. The weather is perfect, with some showers thrown in for good measure. The air breathes of invigorating coffee. Coffee estates and colonial bungalows stand tucked under tree canopies in prime corners.
(i) What do you understand by the term colonial bungalow?
(ii) What can be inferred from the given line? “During the monsoons, it pours enough to keep many visitors away”
(iii) State TRUE or FALSE. Only (b) correctly corresponds to the extract.
(a) A debate is a formal discussion on a particular topic, usually with two or more people presenting different viewpoints and arguments.
(b) A description is the pattern of narrative development that aims to make vivid a place, object, character, or group.
(c) An aside is a brief comment or remark made by a character directly to the audience, which is not intended to be heard by other characters on stage.
(d) A Ballad is a short poem that tells a simple story and has a repeated refrain.
(iv) Which is the best time to visit Coorg? Answer in about 40 words.
Answer:
(i) It refers to the elegant residential houses constructed during the British colonial era.
(ii) This indicates that the region experiences extremely heavy rain during the monsoon, making travel difficult.
(iii) True
(iv) The most suitable period for a trip is between September and March, when the climate is wonderful and the breeze carries a refreshing coffee scent.
In simple words: Coorg has beautiful weather and coffee estates. The best time to visit is from September to March, while the monsoons have too much rain.

Exam Tip: In sub-part (iv), remember to state the specific timeframe (September-March) and the characteristic scent of coffee.

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follows:
These people married amongst the locals and their culture is apparent in the martial traditions, marriage and religious rites, which are distinct from the Hindu mainstream. The theory of Arab origin draws support from the long, black coat with an embroidered waist belt worn by the Kodavus. Known as kuppia, it resembles the kuffia worn by the Arabs and the Kurds.
(i) Which things show that their culture is distinct from Hindu mainstream in the above extract?
(a) Martial traditions
(b) Marriage
(c) Religious rites
(d) All of the options
(ii) What is so similar between Kodavus and Arabs?
(iii) Read the following descriptions (a)-(c) and identify which one correctly corresponds to the extract.
(a) An autobiographical account describing the author’s feelings and thought regarding an event in her life.
(b) A debate is a formal discussion on a particular topic, usually with two or more people presenting different viewpoints and arguments.
(c) A brochure which gives us a picture of the places’ culture, people and tourist destination.
(iv) What is the author’s tone in the given extract?
Answer:
(i) (d) All of the options
(ii) Both wear a long black coat featuring a decorated waist belt, which is known as Kuppia by the Kodavus and Kuffia by the Arabs.
(iii) (c) A brochure which gives us a picture of the places’ culture, people and tourist destination.
(iv) The writer adopts an informative and objective tone in this passage.
In simple words: The people of Coorg share cultural similarities with Arabs, such as wearing a long black coat. The passage serves to inform readers about their unique lifestyle.

Exam Tip: For multiple-choice extract questions, always choose the option that encompasses all described cultural aspects.

Tea from Assam

Short Answer Type Questions

Question. What did Pranjol and Rajvir do during the journey? Why?
Answer: On their train ride to Assam, both Rajvir and Pranjol had a wonderful time. Because it was Rajvir's maiden trip to Assam to experience the tea estates, he felt highly thrilled and kept gazing at the vibrant green landscapes outside. On the other hand, Pranjol, who was raised in Assam and was already familiar with these sights, spent his time reading detective books and listening to his friend.
In simple words: Rajvir was very excited about his first trip to Assam, so he watched the beautiful green views outside. Pranjol, who had grown up there, found it common and preferred reading books.

Exam Tip: Clearly highlight the contrast between Rajvir's novelty-driven excitement and Pranjol's familiarity-driven indifference.

Question. Pranjol buried his head in his detective book while Rajvir was eager to look at the beautiful scenery during the train journey. Why was there a difference in their attitude?
Answer: Having grown up on a tea estate where his father was employed, Pranjol had seen such plantations countless times. Since there was nothing novel for him to look at, he preferred reading a detective novel. For Rajvir, however, this was his first journey to Assam, making him extremely eager to admire the stunning landscape outside.
In simple words: Pranjol was used to seeing tea gardens because of his father's job, while Rajvir was seeing them for the first time and wanted to enjoy the view.

Exam Tip: Emphasize that Pranjol's father's profession made tea gardens a routine sight for him, explaining his lack of excitement.

Question. Rajvir did his study before his visit to the tea plantation. Is it good to do one’s research before the start of a new venture or does it take away the thrill of discovery? Elucidate your stance.
Answer: Conducting prior research provides a helpful framework for any new undertaking before starting it. Gathering information beforehand helps identify the potential pros and cons of a project, which can protect a person from major financial or physical setbacks. In Rajvir's case, studying the tea plantations beforehand only heightened his curiosity and knowledge about Assam's gardens. Therefore, preparing before a new journey actually enhances rather than ruins the excitement of discovery.
In simple words: Doing research before starting something new helps you prepare and stay safe. It also makes you more excited because you know what amazing things to look out for.

Exam Tip: When answering value-based questions, state your stance clearly in the beginning and use Rajvir's example from the text to support it.

Question. Inspired by the diversity in the chapter, ‘Glimpses of India’, you wrote an article for your school magazine on the topic, ‘Diversity-the Uniqueness of India’. Write a paragraph, sharing two key opinions from the article.
Answer: India represents a beautiful mosaic of varied traditions and cultures, where each region has distinct features that set it apart. These geographical and cultural differences give every state its own unique charm. For instance, Coorg is celebrated for its brave warriors, stunning women, and breathtaking scenery, whereas Assam's specific climate and terrain make it the perfect hub for growing tea. Each province thus maintains its own distinct way of life.
In simple words: India is a diverse country where every place has its own culture and geography. While Coorg is famous for its brave people and hills, Assam is known for its tea gardens.

Exam Tip: Use specific examples from other parts of the chapter, like Coorg and Assam, to illustrate India's cultural and geographical diversity.

Question. The culture, lifestyle and traditions of a place are influenced by the people who lived or settled there at some point in time. Cultural assimilation adds flavour to the existing structure of a society. Summarise your opinion on the given idea.
Answer: Whenever new communities settle in an area, they introduce their own customs, culinary habits, and lifestyles, which gradually merge with the local culture. For example, the ancient Chinese habit of starting the day with tea has now become a global daily ritual. Likewise, Portuguese baking traditions have deeply influenced local celebrations and festivals. At the same time, Indian heritage like Yoga and Ayurveda are widely appreciated globally for physical and mental well-being.
In simple words: When different groups of people live together, they share their food and traditions. This makes the local culture richer and more interesting, like how we enjoy Portuguese bread and Chinese tea.

Exam Tip: Mention concrete examples of cultural blend from the text, such as the Portuguese baking influence in Goa and Chinese tea legends, to support your answer.

Question. What excited Rajvir? Why did Pranjol not share his excitement?
Answer: Rajvir felt thrilled because he was traveling to Assam for the very first time and was captivated by the endless tea plantations. On the other hand, Pranjol did not match his enthusiasm because he was born and raised there, making the tea gardens a routine, everyday sight for him rather than something extraordinary.
In simple words: Rajvir was excited because he had never seen tea gardens before. Pranjol was not excited because he lived in Assam and saw them every day.

Exam Tip: Ensure you address both parts of the prompt - Rajvir's excitement and Pranjol's lack of interest.

Question. What happened to the Chinese emperor in “Tea from Assam” who always boiled water before drinking it ?
                       Or
What is the history of tea in China.
Answer: An ancient ruler in China always preferred to boil his water before consuming it. On one occasion, a few leaves from a burning twig accidentally fell into the boiling pot, giving the liquid an exceptionally rich flavor. These leaves were later identified as tea.
In simple words: A Chinese king always drank boiled water. One day, some leaves fell into the water while it was boiling, making it taste delicious. Those were tea leaves.

Exam Tip: Keep the narrative of the Chinese legend simple, emphasizing the accidental falling of the leaves into the boiling water.

Question. Why was Rajvir excited to see the tea-garden?
Answer: Rajvir felt incredibly thrilled upon seeing the tea estate because he had never witnessed such a breathtaking and vast green landscape in his life.
In simple words: Rajvir was excited because he had never seen a beautiful tea garden before.

Exam Tip: Use words like 'breathtaking scenery' or 'limitless greenery' to describe Rajvir's reaction.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question. What are some of the discoveries about tea?
                                              Or
What are the legends associated with the discovery of tea?
Answer: The history of tea is linked to two fascinating legends from China and India. The first account tells of a Chinese emperor who insisted on drinking boiled water. During one boil, several leaves from the branches burning beneath the pot drifted into the water, imparting a wonderful aroma and taste. These leaves were later recognized as tea.
The second story features a dedicated Buddhist monk who fell asleep during his spiritual meditation. Disappointed by his lack of focus, he angrily cut off his eyelids and threw them onto the ground. Ten plants sprouted from the discarded eyelids, and drinking the leaves of these plants in warm water helped people stay awake.
In simple words: There are two famous stories about how tea was found. A Chinese king accidentally boiled leaves that made his water taste delicious. An Indian monk cut off his eyelids to stay awake, and tea plants grew from them.

Exam Tip: Clearly separate the Chinese legend (accidental boiling of leaves) and the Indian legend (Bodhidharma's eyelids) into distinct paragraphs to score full marks.

Question. What are the various legends about the origin of tea?
Answer: Although the exact origins of tea remain uncertain, popular folklore preserves two main stories regarding its discovery: one Chinese and one Indian.
The Chinese story revolves around an emperor who boiled his drinking water. On one occasion, leaves from a burning branch fell into the pot, creating a highly flavorful drink that was later recognized as tea.
The Indian story tells of Bodhidharma, a Buddhist monk who struggled to stay awake during meditation. In frustration, he removed his eyelids, and from them grew ten tea plants whose leaves possessed the ability to ward off sleep.
These legends highlight the historical depth of tea. Furthermore, terms like 'Chai' and 'Chini' trace their roots back to China, and when tea finally reached Europe in the 1500s, it was originally used as a therapeutic medicine rather than a popular daily beverage.
In simple words: We do not know for sure who found tea, but Chinese and Indian legends explain it. Chinese words like 'Chai' and 'Chini' show its ancient connection, and in Europe, it was first used as medicine.

Exam Tip: To write a comprehensive long answer, cover both legends first, then conclude with the historical details about China, Europe, and the origin of words like 'Chai' and 'Chini'.

Extract Based Questions

1. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
The train pulled out of the station - Pranjol buried his nose in his detective book again. Rajvir too was an ardent fan of detective stories but, at the moment he was keener on looking at the beautiful scenery. It was green, green everywhere. Rajvir had never seen so much greenery before. Then the soft green paddy fields gave way to tea bushes. It was a magnificent view. Against the backdrop of densely wooded hills a sea of tea bushes stretched as far as the eye could see. Dwarfing the tiny tea plants were tall, sturdy, shade trees and amidst the orderly rows of bushes busily moved doll-like figures.

(i) State any one inference about Rajvir from the given context :
“Rajvir too was an ardent fan of detective stories, but at the moment he was keen on looking at the beautiful scenery.”
(ii) State True or False :
The reason Rajvir was interested in looking at the beautiful scenery was that the detective book he was reading, was not interesting.
(iii) People who live in big cities are always fascinated by the natural beauty and abundant greenery. Elaborate in about 40 words, with reference to the extract.
(iv) Which phrase would correctly substitute ‘doll-like figures’, in the given sentence from the extract ?
Dwarfing the tiny tea plants were tall sturdy shade-trees and amidst the orderly rows of bushes busily moved doll-like figures.
Answer:
(i) Although Rajvir enjoyed mystery novels as well, he was currently so enchanted by the scenic landscape that he preferred enjoying the view over reading.
(ii) False
(iii) Living in crowded cities means people rarely get to experience vast natural beauty in their daily routines. Consequently, when they are surrounded by green open spaces, they find them deeply captivating. Rajvir shows this exact behavior by choosing the beautiful views over his book.
(iv) tea-pluckers / small people
In simple words: Rajvir preferred looking at the beautiful green views because he lived in a big city and rarely saw such scenery. The 'doll-like figures' he saw in the distance were actually the tea-pluckers.

Exam Tip: When answering extract-based sub-questions, make sure each sub-part is clearly labeled and addresses the specific prompt directly.

2. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
“Hey, a tea garden!” Rajvir cried excitedly.
Pranjol, who had been born and brought up on a plantation didn’t share Rajvir’s excitement. “Oh, this is tea country now,” he said. “Assam has the largest concentration of plantations in the world.
You will see enough gardens to last you a lifetime!”
“I have been reading as much as I could about tea,” Rajvir said. “No one really knows who discovered tea but there are many legends.”

(i) Why was Pranjol not as excited as Rajvir about the tea gardens?
(a) He disliked looking at tea gardens.
(b) He had worked in tea gardens himself.
(c) He had grown up in and around tea gardens.
(d) He was bored with tea gardens.
(ii) What does Pranjol mean by saying that Assam has the largest concentration of plantations in the world?
(iii) Fill in the blank with ONE WORD only.
Pranjol’s _____ comes through clearly when he exclaims, “You will see enough gardens to last you a lifetime!”
(iv) Select the option that correctly captures the application of the word ‘cried’ as used in line 1 of the extract.
(a) Jaspreet cried a lot in spite of winning second place in a competition.
(b) Jaspreet cried out loud when she saw a white tiger in the sanctuary.
(c) Jaspreet cried for hours when the police were unable to find her lost pet.
(d) Jaspreet has barely cried since she was three years of age.
Answer:
(i) (c) He had grown up in and around tea gardens.
(ii) Pranjol's remark indicates that Assam has the highest density of tea fields in any single region, meaning these plantations are situated very close to one another.
(iii) boredom
(iv) (b) Jaspreet cried out loud when she saw a white tiger in the sanctuary.
In simple words: Pranjol grew up seeing tea gardens all his life, so he found them ordinary. He pointed out that Assam has more tea plantations close together than anywhere else in the world.

Exam Tip: For multiple-choice sub-questions, write both the correct option letter and the corresponding text clearly.

3. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow :
“Tell me another!” scoffed Pranjol.
“We have an Indian legend too.
Bodhidharma, an ancient Buddhist ascetic, cut off his eyelids because he felt sleepy during meditations. Ten tea plants grew out of the eyelids. The leaves of these plants when put in hot water and drunk, banished sleep.”
“Tea was first drunk in China,” Rajvir added, “as far as 2700 B.C.! In fact, words such as tea, chai and chini are from the Chinese. Tea came to Europe only in the sixteenth century and was drunk more as medicine than as beverage.”

(i) What is the main idea of this extract?
(ii) Why do you think Pranjol ‘scoffed’? Answer in about 40 words.
(iii) When did tea come to Europe?
(iv) State TRUE or FALSE.
None of the descriptions (a)-(d) correctly corresponds to the extract.
(a) A conversation is a talk between two or more people, in which news and ideas are exchange.
(b) A soliloquy is a speech given by a character alone on stage, which reveals their innermost thoughts and feelings to the audience.
(c) An aside is a brief comment or remark made by a character directly to the audience, which is not intended to be heard by other characters on stage.
(d) A climax is a turning point in a narrative the moment when the conflict is at its most intense.
Answer:
(i) The passage mainly focuses on the Indian myth about how tea was found and how the drink spread from China to Europe.
(ii) Pranjol scoffed because he found the story of Bodhidharma cutting off his eyelids to grow tea plants highly amusing and hard to believe. Such an extraordinary tale naturally felt too unrealistic to be taken seriously.
(iii) Tea was introduced to Europe during the sixteenth century.
(iv) False
In simple words: This passage explains the Indian story of how tea was discovered by a monk, and how tea travelled from China to Europe in the 1500s.

Exam Tip: In questions asking why a character 'scoffed', explain their underlying emotion - in this case, a mix of amusement and disbelief.