NEET Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production MCQs Set 10

Answer: (c) animal husbandry

Explanation:
1. Animal husbandry deals with breeding and raising livestock.
2. It includes dairy, poultry, fisheries and bee-keeping.

Teacher's Note:
1. Animal husbandry is part of agriculture.
2. It gives milk, meat, eggs and fibre.

Answer: (a) 70 percent

Explanation:
1. India and China together have about 70 percent of the world's livestock.
2. But they produce only 25 percent of the farm produce.

Teacher's Note:
1. Productivity per animal is low in India.
2. Better breeding is needed.

Answer: (a) fishery

Explanation:
1. Fishery deals with fish, molluscs, crustaceans and other aquatic animals.
2. Many people depend on it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fisheries include fresh water and marine types.
2. Catla and Hilsa are examples of fish.

Answer: (a) dairying

Explanation:
1. Dairying is the management of milch animals for milk.
2. Milk products include curd, butter and cheese.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dairy farm management increases yield and quality of milk.
2. It involves feeding, housing and hygiene.

Answer: (a) breed

Explanation:
1. A breed is a group of related animals with similar characters.
2. It is a subdivision of a species.

Teacher's Note:
1. Jersey and Holstein are cow breeds.
2. They differ in yield.

Answer: (c) cross breeding

Explanation:
1. In cross breeding, superior males of one breed are mated with superior females of another breed.
2. The progeny combine good qualities of both.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hisardale sheep is a cross-bred.
2. It is a cross of Bikaneri ewes and Marino rams.

Answer: (c) superior; superior; same

Explanation:
1. Superior males and females of the same breed are selected and mated in pairs.
2. Their progeny are evaluated.

Teacher's Note:
1. Selection is made on performance.
2. The best are retained.

Answer: (a) mating selected animals with unrelated superior animals of the same breed

Explanation:
1. Outcrossing with unrelated superior animals restores vigour.
2. This removes the effect of inbreeding.

Teacher's Note:
1. Outbreeding gives hybrid vigour.
2. It increases heterozygosity.

Answer: (a) unrelated animals with no common ancestors, within a breed or between different breeds or species

Explanation:
1. Outbreeding includes outcrossing, cross-breeding and interspecific hybridisation.
2. The animals have no common ancestors.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is used to avoid inbreeding depression.
2. It improves hybrid vigour.

Answer: (c) Interspecific hybridisation

Explanation:
1. Interspecific hybridisation mates animals of two related species.
2. The progeny may combine useful traits.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mule is an example.
2. It is a cross between a donkey and a horse.

Answer: (b) Artificial insemination

Explanation:
1. In artificial insemination semen is collected from the chosen male and injected into the female.
2. It overcomes problems of normal mating.

Teacher's Note:
1. Semen can be frozen.
2. It can be used far away.

Answer: (c) Multiple ovulation embryo transfer technology (MOET)

Explanation:
1. In MOET, hormones cause super ovulation, giving 6 to 8 eggs.
2. The embryos are transferred to surrogate mothers.

Teacher's Note:
1. The cow is mated or artificially inseminated.
2. Embryos at 8 to 32 cells are collected.

Answer: (a) apiculture

Explanation:
1. Bee-keeping or apiculture produces honey and bee wax.
2. It is a cottage industry.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bee-keeping needs knowledge of bee habits.
2. Bees also help in pollination.

Answer: (a) Apis indica

Explanation:
1. Apis indica is the common species.
2. It is used for bee-keeping in India.

Teacher's Note:
1. Apis mellifera is the Italian bee.
2. Apis dorsata is the rock bee.

Answer: (a) Catla

Explanation:
1. Catla, Rohu and Common carp are fresh water fish.
2. Hilsa, sardines, mackerel and pomfrets are marine fish.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the fresh water and marine fish.
2. Fish farming is also called pisciculture.

Answer: (a) Hilsa, sardines, mackerel and pomfrets

Explanation:
1. Hilsa, sardine, mackerel and pomfret are marine fishes.
2. Catla, Rohu and common carp are fresh water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Marine fishes live in the sea.
2. They are caught by fishing.

Answer: (a) plant breeding techniques for high-yielding and disease-resistant varieties of wheat, rice and maize

Explanation:
1. High-yielding varieties were developed by plant breeding.
2. They gave larger yields of wheat and rice.

Teacher's Note:
1. The green revolution increased food production.
2. Plant breeding played a major role.

Answer: (c) artificial selection to produce plants with desirable traits

Explanation:
1. Pure lines are crossed and the best progeny are selected.
2. This gives higher yield and disease resistance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Selection is done by the breeder.
2. It is artificial selection.

Answer: (b) crop yield and improved quality

Explanation:
1. Increased crop yield and quality are the first aims.
2. Resistance to diseases comes next.

Teacher's Note:
1. Yield improves food security.
2. Quality improves nutrition.

Answer: (d) Collection of variability, evaluation and selection of parents, cross hybridisation, selection and testing of superior recombinants, release of new cultivars

Explanation:
1. Variability is collected first.
2. Parents are evaluated, crossed, recombinants are selected and tested, then the cultivar is released.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the five steps in order.
2. Testing includes yield and disease resistance.

Answer: (d) Saccharum barberi

Explanation:
1. Saccharum barberi was grown in north India.
2. It had poor sugar content and yield.

Teacher's Note:
1. Saccharum officinarum is the tropical cane.
2. The two were crossed to get a better variety.

Answer: (c) hybridisation and selection

Explanation:
1. Resistant varieties are bred by crossing and selection.
2. This reduces the need for chemicals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Resistant varieties save crops.
2. They reduce the use of fungicides.

Answer: (d) leaf and stripe rust and hill bunt

Explanation:
1. Himgiri is a wheat variety resistant to leaf and stripe rust.
2. It is also resistant to hill bunt.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rust is a fungal disease.
2. Wheat is also attacked by bunt.

Answer: (a) yellow mosaic virus; powdery mildew

Explanation:
1. Mutation breeding gave mung bean resistant to yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew.
2. Radiation was used.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mutation breeding creates variability.
2. It is used where variation is limited.

Answer: (d) Parbhani kranti

Explanation:
1. Resistance was transferred from a wild species.
2. The new variety is Parbhani kranti.

Teacher's Note:
1. The wild relative is the donor of resistance.
2. The cultivated okra gains it.

Answer: (d) Brassica - Pusa Gaurav - aphids

Explanation:
1. Pusa Gaurav is a Brassica variety resistant to aphids.
2. Pusa sem 2 and 3 resist jassids, aphids and fruit borer, and Pusa sawani resists shoot and fruit borer.

Teacher's Note:
1. Insect resistance reduces pesticide use.
2. Resistant varieties are bred by hybridisation.

Answer: (a) biofortification

Explanation:
1. Biofortification improves the nutritional quality of crops.
2. It helps against hidden hunger.

Teacher's Note:
1. Atlas 66 wheat is high in protein.
2. Iron-fortified rice is another example.

Answer: (a) Single Cell Protein

Explanation:
1. SCP means single cell protein.
2. It is obtained from microbes like Spirulina.

Teacher's Note:
1. SCP can be an alternative protein source.
2. Spirulina is rich in protein.

Answer: (b) somatic hybrids

Explanation:
1. Protoplasts can be fused to give hybrid protoplasts.
2. The plants are called somatic hybrids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pomato is an example.
2. It is a hybrid of potato and tomato.

Answer: (c) 11; 75

Explanation:
1. Wheat production rose from 11 to 75 million tonnes.
2. Rice rose from 35 to 89.5 million tonnes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The increase is the green revolution.
2. It was due to better varieties.