NEET Biology Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production MCQs Set 11

Answer: (b) animal husbandry

Explanation:
1. Animal husbandry covers cattle, buffalo, pigs, poultry and fish farming.

Teacher's Note:
1. About 70 per cent of the world's livestock is in India and China.

Answer: (a) fishery

Explanation:
1. Fisheries include fresh water and marine fishes, prawns, crabs and so on.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic animals.

Answer: (d) dairying

Explanation:
1. Dairy farm management deals with processes that increase yield and improve milk quality.

Teacher's Note:
1. Milk yield depends primarily on the quality of the breeds.

Answer: (c) poultry

Explanation:
1. Poultry includes chicken, ducks, turkey and geese.

Teacher's Note:
1. Poultry farming includes selection of disease-free breeds.

Answer: (b) a group of animals related by descent and similar in general appearance, features, size and configuration

Explanation:
1. A breed is a group with common descent and similar characters.

Teacher's Note:
1. Breeding improves such groups for desired qualities.

Answer: (a) inbreeding

Explanation:
1. Inbreeding increases homozygosity and helps in evolving pure lines.

Teacher's Note:
1. Continued inbreeding can cause inbreeding depression.

Answer: (d) homozygosity

Explanation:
1. Closely related parents share many alleles, so offspring are more often homozygous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Selected superior males and females are mated in pairs.

Answer: (c) reduced fertility and productivity (inbreeding depression)

Explanation:
1. Harmful recessive alleles become homozygous and are expressed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mating with unrelated superior animals restores vigour.

Answer: (b) mating selected animals with unrelated superior animals of the same breed

Explanation:
1. Outcrossing brings in new alleles and heterozygosity.

Teacher's Note:
1. This is an example of outcrossing.

Answer: (a) unrelated animals, either of the same breed with no common ancestors or of different breeds or species

Explanation:
1. It includes outcrossing, cross breeding and interspecific hybridisation.

Teacher's Note:
1. It helps in producing heterosis.

Answer: (d) superior males of one breed are mated with superior females of another breed

Explanation:
1. The progeny combine desirable qualities of two breeds and may be used for commercial production.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hisardale sheep is a product of cross breeding.

Answer: (c) interspecific hybridisation

Explanation:
1. The progeny may combine desirable features of both species, as in the mule.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mule is sterile.

Answer: (b) Artificial insemination

Explanation:
1. Semen can be used immediately or frozen for later use, even at other places.

Teacher's Note:
1. This reduces the chances of disease transmission.

Answer: (a) induce follicular maturation and super ovulation

Explanation:
1. Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer lets one cow produce 6 to 8 eggs instead of one.

Teacher's Note:
1. Embryos are transferred to surrogate mothers.

Answer: (d) high milk-yielding females and high-quality meat-yielding bulls can be bred and herd size increased in a short time

Explanation:
1. Several embryos from a single genetically superior cow are transferred to surrogates.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is an advanced technique.

Answer: (c) apiculture (bee keeping)

Explanation:
1. Honeybees also produce beeswax, which is used in cosmetics and polishes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The most common species in India is Apis indica.

Answer: (b) Apis indica

Explanation:
1. Apis indica is the species commonly reared in bee farms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bee keeping needs flowers rich in pollen and nectar.

Answer: (a) Hilsa (also sardines, mackerel, pomfrets)

Explanation:
1. Catla, Rohu and common carp are fresh-water fishes; hilsa, sardines, mackerel and pomfrets are marine.

Teacher's Note:
1. These are among the commonly eaten fishes.

Answer: (d) plant breeding techniques for developing high-yielding, disease-resistant varieties of wheat, rice and maize

Explanation:
1. It tripled food production in the period 1960 to 2000 due to improved varieties.

Teacher's Note:
1. Wheat production rose from 11 to 75 million tonnes.

Answer: (c) plant breeding

Explanation:
1. Plant breeding aims at higher yields, quality and disease resistance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Classical plant breeding involves hybridisation and selection.

Answer: (b) genetic variability

Explanation:
1. Without variability there is nothing for selection to act on.

Teacher's Note:
1. The collection of all diverse alleles for a crop is called germplasm collection.

Answer: (a) germplasm collection

Explanation:
1. Germplasm may be wild relatives or cultivated varieties.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the raw material for breeding.

Answer: (d) Collection of variability, evaluation and selection of parents, cross hybridisation, selection and testing of recombinants, testing and release

Explanation:
1. The steps are in the order of a typical breeding programme.

Teacher's Note:
1. Each step needs time and care.

Answer: (c) Norman E. Borlaug

Explanation:
1. Borlaug developed semi-dwarf wheat varieties in Mexico, which were introduced in India in 1963.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sonalika and Kalyan Sona came from these.

Answer: (b) Sonalika and Kalyan Sona

Explanation:
1. Both were developed from semi-dwarf Mexican wheat.

Teacher's Note:
1. The semi-dwarf character gave high yield.