NEET Biology Plant Kingdom MCQs Set 14

Answer: (c) In the presence of water

Explanation:
1. The male gametes are flagellated and swim to the egg.
2. This needs a film of water.

Teacher's Note:
1. That is why bryophytes live in moist places.
2. Water is also needed in pteridophytes.

Answer: (d) Sphagnum

Explanation:
1. Sphagnum forms peat, used as fuel and as packing for plants because it absorbs a lot of water.
2. It also helps in preventing soil erosion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Peat is used as a fuel.
2. Sphagnum is used in gardening.

Answer: (d) Flagellated male gametes

Explanation:
1. Motile, flagellated sperm that swim to the egg show their descent from aquatic ancestors.
2. Fertilisation still needs water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Protonema is algal in appearance but this is not the key evidence.
2. They need water for sexual reproduction.

Answer: (b) Rhizoids of the gametophyte

Explanation:
1. Moss rhizoids are multicellular and branched with oblique cross walls.
2. Liverwort rhizoids are unicellular.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oblique septa identify moss rhizoids.
2. The sporophyte has no rhizoids.

Answer: (b) Analogous but not homologous

Explanation:
1. The leaf of a moss is a gametophyte structure and that of a fern is a sporophyte structure.
2. They look and function alike but have different origins, so they are analogous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gametophyte and sporophyte are different generations.
2. Analogous means similar function.

Answer: (b) Sphagnum

Explanation:
1. Sphagnum has large, dead water-storing cells and holds many times its weight in water.
2. So peat moss is used to keep soil moist.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the peat moss.
2. Used for packing plants.

Answer: (b) Bryophyta

Explanation:
1. In bryophytes the zygote divides mitotically inside the archegonium and forms a multicellular diploid embryo, the sporophyte.
2. Thallophytes form no embryo.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bryophytes are embryophytes.
2. Zygote of algae usually meioses.

Answer: (c) Multicellular and jacketed

Explanation:
1. The antheridia and archegonia are multicellular and covered by a layer of sterile cells.
2. This protects the gametes from drying.

Teacher's Note:
1. Algal sex organs are unprotected.
2. Archegonium is flask-shaped.

Answer: (c) Protonema

Explanation:
1. A moss spore germinates into the protonema, a green branched filament.
2. Buds on the protonema grow into the leafy gametophyte.

Teacher's Note:
1. Protonema is a juvenile stage.
2. The leafy plant bears gametes.

Answer: (c) Sphagnum

Explanation:
1. Sphagnum forms peat deposits.
2. Riccia, Riella and Marchantia are liverworts.

Teacher's Note:
1. Peat is used as fuel.
2. Sphagnum is the commercial moss.

Answer: (c) Mosses

Explanation:
1. The moss gametophyte is a leafy, upright stem.
2. Liverworts and hornworts are thalloid, and ferns have a flat prothallus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Some leafy liverworts exist but mosses are the standard answer.
2. Ferns have a sporophyte with leaves.

Answer: (a) Absorbent cotton

Explanation:
1. Sphagnum soaks up large amounts of water, like absorbent cotton.
2. It has been used as a dressing.

Teacher's Note:
1. It has large water-holding cells.
2. It is also used as packing material.

Answer: (b) Bryophyta

Explanation:
1. Embryophytes form an embryo, and among them only bryophytes lack vascular tissue.
2. Thallophytes form no embryo.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pteridophytes are vascular.
2. Bryophytes: embryo but no xylem or phloem.

Answer: (c) Zygote

Explanation:
1. The sporophyte begins from the zygote formed by fertilisation.
2. The spore is the first cell of the gametophyte.

Teacher's Note:
1. Zygote is 2n.
2. The spore is n.

Answer: (c) Mosses

Explanation:
1. Moss rhizoids are multicellular with slanting cross walls.
2. Liverworts and hornworts have unicellular rhizoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rhizoids are branched in mosses.
2. Oblique septa identify mosses.

Answer: (d) Funaria

Explanation:
1. In Funaria the spore first forms a filamentous protonema, which then gives the leafy plant.
2. In Riccia the spore germinates directly.

Teacher's Note:
1. Indirect means through a protonema.
2. Direct germination is in liverworts.

Answer: (b) Unicellular and unbranched

Explanation:
1. Liverworts and hornworts have simple, single-celled, unbranched rhizoids.
2. Mosses have multicellular branched rhizoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Moss rhizoids have oblique septa.
2. Rhizoids anchor the plant.

Answer: (b) Thallophytes and bryophytes

Explanation:
1. Thallophytes and bryophytes have no xylem or phloem.
2. Pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms are vascular.

Teacher's Note:
1. Tracheophytes have vascular tissue.
2. Bryophytes are non-vascular.

Answer: (a) Bryophytes

Explanation:
1. Bryophytes grow on land but have no vascular tissue.
2. Algae are aquatic and pteridophytes vascular.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fungi are not plants.
2. Bryophytes are amphibians of the plant kingdom.

Answer: (b) Pteridophyta

Explanation:
1. Pteridophytes have xylem and phloem but produce spores, not seeds.
2. They are the vascular cryptogams.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ferns, horsetails and club mosses.
2. Spermatophytes have seeds.

Answer: (c) Pteridophyta

Explanation:
1. Pteridophytes have two free-living, independent generations: the sporophyte and the prothallus.
2. So the alternation is most distinct.

Teacher's Note:
1. In bryophytes the sporophyte is dependent.
2. In seed plants the gametophyte is reduced.

Answer: (d) Psilopsida

Explanation:
1. Psilotum, in Psilopsida, is a primitive pteridophyte without true roots but with rhizoids.
2. Sphenopsida have true roots.

Teacher's Note:
1. Psilotum is a living fossil.
2. It is rootless.

Answer: (d) Pteridophyta

Explanation:
1. True roots first appeared in pteridophytes.
2. Bryophytes have rhizoids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Roots are vascular.
2. Pteridophytes are the first vascular plants.

Answer: (a) Vascular tissue

Explanation:
1. Pteridophytes have xylem and phloem.
2. The other three features are present in both.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vascular tissue allows greater height.
2. Both have archegonia.

Answer: (a) Sporophyte

Explanation:
1. The leafy fern plant is the diploid sporophyte.
2. The haploid gametophyte (prothallus) is small.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the dominant generation.
2. The prothallus is free-living.