NEET Biology Plant Kingdom MCQs Set 15

Answer: (b) Vegetative reproduction

Explanation:
1. The leaf tips touch the soil and take root, forming new plants, so the fern appears to walk.
2. This is vegetative reproduction.

Teacher's Note:
1. It has no locomotion.
2. Antherozoids are motile but unrelated.

Answer: (a) Azolla

Explanation:
1. Azolla is a free-floating aquatic fern with sporocarps.
2. The others are terrestrial.

Teacher's Note:
1. Azolla hosts Anabaena.
2. It is used as a biofertiliser.

Answer: (d) Multiflagellate

Explanation:
1. Fern sperms are spirally coiled and bear many flagella.
2. Bryophyte sperms are biflagellate.

Teacher's Note:
1. They swim in water.
2. Multiciliate.

Answer: (b) Ferns

Explanation:
1. In ferns both the sporophyte and the gametophyte are free-living and independent.
2. The two generations are very distinct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Heteromorphic alternation.
2. Sporophyte dominates.

Answer: (b) Adventitious roots

Explanation:
1. The primary root dies early and the roots in ferns are adventitious.
2. They arise from the rhizome.

Teacher's Note:
1. Monocots also have fibrous roots.
2. The rhizome is a stem.

Answer: (c) Sphenopsida

Explanation:
1. Equisetum (Sphenopsida) has a jointed, ribbed stem with clear nodes and internodes.
2. Leaves are whorled at the nodes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Horsetails.
2. Silica in the stem.

Answer: (c) Sporangia of sporophytes

Explanation:
1. Spores are formed in sporangia borne on the sporophyte.
2. A capsule is the bryophyte sporangium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sori on fern leaves.
2. The spore mother cell divides by meiosis.

Answer: (c) Gnetales

Explanation:
1. Gnetales (Gnetum, Ephedra) have vessels in the wood and flower-like cones, features close to angiosperms.
2. So they are the most advanced.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cycadofilicales are extinct.
2. Gnetum has vessels.

Answer: (a) Ovary

Explanation:
1. The ovules are naked and not enclosed in an ovary.
2. A fruit is a ripened ovary.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gymnosperm means naked seed.
2. Fertilisation occurs normally.

Answer: (b) Megasporangium

Explanation:
1. An ovule is a megasporangium with its integument.
2. It contains the megaspore mother cell.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the female unit.
2. It develops into the seed.

Answer: (d) Spermatophyta

Explanation:
1. In seed plants the gametophytes are highly reduced and remain inside the sporophyte, the female one in the ovule.
2. In pteridophytes the gametophyte is free-living.

Teacher's Note:
1. Spermatophytes are seed plants.
2. Reduced gametophyte.

Answer: (d) Angiosperms

Explanation:
1. Angiosperms have no archegonia or antheridia.
2. Gymnosperms still have archegonia, though not antheridia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gymnosperms: archegonia but no antheridia.
2. Pteridophyte is the last group with antheridia.

Answer: (a) Pteridophytes

Explanation:
1. Pteridophytes are vascular (tracheophytes) and reproduce by spores only.
2. Gymnosperms and angiosperms form seeds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seeds are not spores.
2. Tracheophytes have tracheids.

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Cycas, Ginkgo and Psilotum are living members of very ancient groups that have changed little.
2. So all three are living fossils.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ginkgo is the maidenhair tree.
2. Psilotum is a primitive pteridophyte.

Answer: (d) Herbs

Explanation:
1. Gymnosperms include trees, shrubs and woody climbers, but no herbs.
2. Even Ephedra is a shrub.

Teacher's Note:
1. All are woody.
2. Gnetum is a liana.

Answer: (c) Multiciliate

Explanation:
1. Cycas sperm is large and bears a spiral band of many cilia.
2. So it is multiciliate.

Teacher's Note:
1. Visible to the naked eye.
2. Ginkgo also has motile sperm.

Answer: (d) Cycadofilicales

Explanation:
1. Cycadofilicales (seed ferns) are known only as fossils.
2. The other three have living members.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seed ferns.
2. Ginkgo biloba is the sole living ginkgoale.

Answer: (d) Ginkgo

Explanation:
1. Ginkgo biloba is the only survivor of an ancient group and is hardly changed.
2. It is called a living fossil.

Teacher's Note:
1. Maidenhair tree.
2. Rice is a recent angiosperm.

Answer: (c) Presence of seed

Explanation:
1. Both groups are seed plants.
2. Gymnosperms have no ovary or fruit and most have non-ciliated sperm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seed habit.
2. Naked versus covered seeds.

Answer: (d) The ovary is absent

Explanation:
1. Fruit develops from the ovary and gymnosperms have no ovary.
2. Seeds are formed but they remain naked.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fruit equals ripened ovary.
2. Pollination and fertilisation occur.

Answer: (c) Presence of ovule

Explanation:
1. Gymnosperms have ovules that become seeds.
2. Pteridophytes have tracheids and an embryo, but no ovule.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seed plants have ovules.
2. Gymnosperms have no companion cells.

Answer: (c) Archegonia but no antheridia

Explanation:
1. Gymnosperms form archegonia in the female gametophyte.
2. The male gametophyte is a pollen grain with no antheridium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antheridium is absent.
2. Archegonia are present.

Answer: (c) Haploid

Explanation:
1. The endosperm is the female gametophyte, formed before fertilisation.
2. It is therefore haploid.

Teacher's Note:
1. In angiosperms it is triploid.
2. It is formed from the megaspore.

Answer: (c) Pteridium

Explanation:
1. Pteridium (bracken fern) is homosporous.
2. Selaginella is heterosporous, and all seed plants are heterosporous.

Teacher's Note:
1. Heterospory led to the seed habit.
2. Pinus and Cycas make micro and megaspores.

Answer: (d) Siphonogamous plants

Explanation:
1. The pollen tube, called siphonogamy, is present in both gymnosperms and angiosperms, which are the seed plants.
2. So siphonogamous plants is the group that fits.

Teacher's Note:
1. Seed plants use a pollen tube.
2. Pteridophytes make no seeds.