NCERT Solutions for Class 4 EVS Chapter 06 Happy and Healthy Living

Activity 1 (Page 85)

Question. Connect the food items shown below with the ingredients used to make them.
Answer: The diagram shows how different food items relate to their raw ingredients. On the left are finished foods like rice, pizza, and chapati. In the middle are the basic ingredients needed - pulses, beans, vegetables, grains, and legumes. On the right are more prepared food items like curry and salad. By matching each food on the left with its ingredient in the middle, and then to a finished dish on the right, you can trace how raw materials become meals we eat.
In simple words: Match each food you eat with the raw things used to make it. For example, rice comes from rice grains, and salad comes from fresh vegetables.

Exam Tip: When connecting food items to ingredients, think about what each dish needs - grain-based foods connect to grains, and vegetable dishes connect to vegetables.

Activity 2 (Page 88)

Question. Put a tick (✓) on the elements that assist a grain in its journey.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Remember that natural elements like soil, air, and water are essential for grain growth, while living helpers like farmers and earthworms also play key roles.

Question 1. What is the role of farmers in this process?
Answer: Farmers are very important in helping grains travel from the farm to our dining table. First, the farmer gets the soil ready by making it loose and crumbly. Then, the farmer picks the right crops for the area's weather and plants the seeds. After planting, the farmer adds fertilizers and manure to feed the crops. The fields receive the right amount of water through irrigation so the plants stay healthy and grow well. Once the crop has fully grown, it is ready to be cut and gathered, then moved to shops where people can buy it.
In simple words: Farmers prepare the soil, plant seeds, add nutrients, water the crops, and harvest them when ready so we can eat them.

Exam Tip: When answering about the farmer's role, list all the stages - soil preparation, seed selection, fertilizing, watering, and harvesting - to show the complete process.

Question 2. List out the missing elements in the table above. From the time a seed is sown, to the point when food reaches our plate, it is a remarkable journey. Can you list the roles of the different elements involved in this journey?
Answer: The missing elements in the table are sunlight, seeds, manure, and fertilizers. Here are the roles of each element:

(a) Soil: Soil provides a place where the seed can develop roots and gives it important nutrients needed for healthy growth.

(b) Water: Water allows the seed to grow into a healthy, strong plant by keeping it hydrated.

(c) Farmer: The farmer looks after the crop from planting time until the harvest is ready to be collected.

(d) Cattle: Cattle provide manure which makes the soil richer and more fertile. They also help the farmer by ploughing the field.

(e) Shopkeeper: The shopkeeper sells grains and food items at the market so that families can purchase what they need.

(f) Family members: Family members buy the food, prepare it by cooking, and share it with love at the meal table.

(g) Any other (Protecting and caring): This includes keeping crops safe from birds and insects, pulling out unwanted weeds, and storing grains properly so they stay fresh.
In simple words: Every person and thing in this chain has an important job - from soil feeding the plant, to the farmer caring for it, to the family cooking and eating it.

Exam Tip: This question checks if you understand the whole journey - make sure to mention all roles including natural elements, animals, and people involved from start to finish.

Activity 3 (Page 89)

Question. Thank You Everyone? Whom would you like to thank for the food you eat?
Answer: There are many people and things we should thank for the food on our plate. We should thank plants and trees because they give us the food. We should thank the sun because it helps plants grow. We should thank farmers because they grow the crops with care and hard work. We should thank water because plants cannot grow without it. We should thank cattle because they help farmers and give manure to make soil healthy. We should thank the shopkeeper because they sell food so we can buy it. We should thank the soil because it holds the plants and feeds them. We should thank our parents because they buy food and cook it for us with lots of love.
In simple words: Thank plants, sun, farmers, water, cattle, shopkeepers, soil, and parents - they all work together to bring food to your table.

Exam Tip: When listing things to thank, mention at least three different types - natural elements (sun, water, soil), animals (cattle), people (farmers, shopkeeper, parents) - to show you understand the complete cycle.

Discuss (Page 92)

Question 1. What role does your tongue play in this process?
Answer: Your tongue does several important jobs when you eat. It helps break down food into smaller pieces. It mixes the food with spit (saliva), which starts the digestion process in your mouth. Your tongue has taste buds that let you sense whether food is sweet, salty, sour, or bitter. Finally, your tongue pushes the food toward your food pipe so you can swallow it safely.
In simple words: Your tongue breaks food into bits, mixes it with spit, lets you taste it, and pushes it down your throat.

Exam Tip: Remember that the tongue has four main functions - breaking down, mixing with saliva, tasting, and swallowing - and mention taste buds when explaining how we sense flavors.

Question 2. What do your teeth do to the food?
Answer: Your teeth have the important job of chewing and grinding food. They break large pieces of food into much smaller, manageable pieces. This makes it easier for your digestive system to break down the food properly and get the nutrition your body needs.
In simple words: Your teeth chew and crush food into tiny pieces so your stomach can digest it more easily.

Exam Tip: When explaining teeth's role, mention both the action (chewing and breaking down) and the purpose (making food easier to digest).

Question 3. What happens to the food inside your mouth during this process?
Answer: Inside your mouth, several things happen to food at the same time. Your teeth chew the large food pieces and crush them into smaller, softer bits. As your teeth work, your tongue stirs the food around. At the same time, saliva is released into your mouth and mixes with the food, starting the digestion process. Once the food is broken down into small pieces and mixed well with saliva, your tongue pushes it back toward your food pipe so you can swallow it.
In simple words: Your teeth crunch the food, your spit softens it, your tongue mixes it around, and then your tongue pushes it down your throat to swallow.

Exam Tip: Describe the sequence of what happens - chewing, mixing with saliva, and swallowing - to show you understand how the mouth prepares food for digestion.

Activity 4 (Page 93)

Question. For a week, keep a record of the food you eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner. After every meal, make an entry in the following table. If you ate everything, write 'Yes' and add a happy smiley. If you left some food, write 'No' and add a sad face.
Answer: Do it yourself
In simple words: Write down what you eat each day for one week and mark whether you finished everything or left some food.

Exam Tip: Be honest in your record - this activity helps you think about whether you waste food or eat healthy portions each day.

Write (Page 93)

Question 1. What will you do if someone offers you food more than you need?
Answer: If someone offers me extra food that is more than I need, I will thank them politely and say no. I will explain that I only need a small amount and do not want to waste food.
In simple words: Politely refuse extra food and explain that you don't want to waste it.

Exam Tip: This shows respect both for the person offering and for food itself - mentioning both courtesy and the importance of not wasting are key points.

Question 2. What will you do if you do not like a food item on your plate?
Answer: Even if I do not like a food item on my plate, I will still eat it and finish it. Throwing food away is disrespectful to all the people who worked hard to grow it, sell it, and bring it to my table. The farmer spent months growing it, the shopkeeper sold it, and my family bought and cooked it with care. Wasting food would show that I do not value all their hard work and effort.
In simple words: Even if you don't like a food, eat it anyway because farmers, shopkeepers, and your family all worked hard to give it to you.

Exam Tip: Include specific examples of who works to bring food to your plate - farmers, shopkeepers, family - to show respect for their effort.

Write (Page 94)

Question. Look at the picture below. Identify the activities people are engaged in.
Answer: The people in the picture are busy doing many different activities and sports. Some are cycling and riding bikes. Others are playing badminton with rackets. A few are sliding down a slide at a playground. Some are on swings, enjoying the movement back and forth. Some people are playing handball with a ball. Others are kicking a ball in football. A person is sitting and reading a book. Some children are playing and throwing a ball to each other. A few people are sitting on a bench, resting or watching others. Some are just walking around the park or playground.
In simple words: People are doing sports like cycling, badminton, football, and also playing on swings, slides, and benches, reading, and walking.

Exam Tip: When listing activities, try to name at least 8-10 different ones to show you observed the picture carefully and recognized different types of play and exercise.

Discuss (Page 95)

Question 1. Which physical activities do you do in your daily life?
Answer: In my daily life, I do several types of physical activities. I enjoy running in the morning or evening. I also like riding my bicycle to stay fit and active. I play outdoor games with friends like football and badminton. These activities keep my body strong and make me feel healthy and happy.
In simple words: I run, ride a bike, and play sports like football and badminton to stay fit.

Exam Tip: Mention specific activities you actually do - this shows the examiner you understand what physical activity means and how it helps your health.

Question 2. How do you feel on a day when you play a lot?
Answer: On a day when I play a lot and do many physical activities, I feel tired. My body gets worn out from all the running and playing, and I need to rest and sleep well that night to recover my energy.
In simple words: After playing a lot, my body feels tired and needs rest and sleep.

Exam Tip: This is a straightforward question about how your body responds to exercise - tiredness is a natural and healthy response that shows you exercised hard.

Find Out (Page 95)

Question. Can you name the games depicted in the pictures below?
Answer: Based on the pictures shown, the games and sports that are shown include cycling, badminton, football, basketball, tennis, hockey, cricket, and volleyball. These are all popular games that people of different ages enjoy playing together. Some need just a ball, while others need special equipment like rackets or bats.
In simple words: The pictures show games like cycling, badminton, football, basketball, and other sports that people play to stay healthy.

Exam Tip: Look carefully at the equipment and actions in each picture to identify the sport - a racket suggests badminton or tennis, a ball in the air suggests volleyball, and so on.

Question 1. Can you explain why each of the following is important for growing grains?
Answer:

Elements

Soil: Without soil, the seed cannot push down its roots and grow into a plant. Soil holds the seed in place and gives it all the nutrients it needs to be healthy and strong.

Water: Without water, the plant will dry up and die. Water is taken in by the roots and moves through the plant to keep every part alive and help it grow bigger.

Sunlight: Without sunlight, the plant cannot make its own food through a process called photosynthesis. The plant will not grow and will eventually die without light energy from the sun.

Animals

Cattle: Without cattle, farmers may struggle to plough the fields and spread natural manure. Cattle are powerful helpers that make farming easier.

Earthworm: Without earthworms, the soil will not be rich and full of nutrients, which directly hurts plant growth. Earthworms tunnel through soil and break it up, making it healthier.

People

Farmer: Without farmers, no one would grow crops or take care of them. Farmers do all the hard work from planting to harvest.

Shopkeeper: Without shopkeepers, we would not be able to go to a market and buy grains or food items. Shopkeepers connect farmers to families.

Cook: Without a cook, we would not have tasty, properly prepared food made from the grains we harvest. A cook uses their skill to make food delicious and safe to eat.
In simple words: Soil, water, and sun help the plant grow. Cattle and earthworms help the farmer. Farmers, shopkeepers, and cooks help the food reach your table and become a tasty meal.

Exam Tip: When explaining why each element is important, give a specific reason about what would go wrong or not happen if that element was missing.

Question 2. Design your own favourite plate of balanced diet with the food items you like. (Remember we should not waste food)
Answer:

Exam Tip: When designing a plate, include items from different food groups - grains, protein, vegetables, dairy, and fruits - to show you understand what a balanced diet means.

Question 3. Which activities did you enjoy during your 'mindful eating'?
Answer: While eating, I pay close attention to what I eat and notice how I feel as I chew each bite. I enjoy eating slowly, one piece at a time, without rushing through the meal. I focus on the flavors and textures of the food. This helps me enjoy the taste much more and feel grateful for the food I have. Eating this way lets me appreciate all the people and nature that brought this food to my plate.
In simple words: I enjoy eating slowly, thinking about each bite, and being thankful for the food instead of eating fast and not noticing the taste.

Exam Tip: Mindful eating means paying attention to your food and the eating experience - mention slowing down, focusing on taste, and being grateful to score full marks.

Question 4. How can you keep your body strong? Write down the names of the exercises and games you would practice.
Answer: You can keep your body strong by doing several important things. Do regular exercise every day - this could include running, stretching, and yoga. Play outdoor games with friends and family - sports like cycling, football, badminton, basketball, and kho-kho are excellent choices. Eat healthy meals with fruits, vegetables, grains, and proteins. Get enough sleep every night so your body can rest and grow. When you do all these things together, your body stays fit, healthy, and strong.

Exercises: Running, skipping rope, stretching, and yoga.

Games: Cycling, football, badminton, basketball, and kho-kho.
In simple words: Exercise, play games, eat good food, and sleep well to keep your body strong and healthy.

Exam Tip: When listing exercises and games, give specific examples for each - this shows the examiner you know the difference between exercise and sports and understand how both help your body.

Question 5. Which habits would you practice daily? Indicate your plans.
Answer: Do it yourself
In simple words: Make a plan for good daily habits like waking early, exercising, eating healthy meals, and sleeping peacefully.

Exam Tip: Choose realistic habits you can actually follow - the goal is to understand what healthy daily practices look like and how they help you stay happy and strong.