NCERT Solutions for Class 4 EVS Chapter 02 Exploring Our Neighbourhood

 

Activity 1 (Page 18)

 

Question 1. Write a letter to a friend and post it.
Answer: Do it yourself with the help of parents or teachers. One example has been shown for you. Dear Shreya, I hope you are doing well. I am having a great time at school and wanted to share some exciting news with you. I had a fun field trip last week and I cannot wait to tell you all about it. I miss playing with you during recess. I hope you are enjoying your time too. Let us plan to meet soon and have some fun together! Take care and write to me soon, Your friend, Sunny.
In simple words: Write a letter to your friend telling them about something fun you did at school. Share your feelings and ask them to write back to you.

Exam Tip: A friendly letter should have a greeting, body with interesting information, and a closing signature - all written in a warm and natural way.

 

Question 2. Teacher can take students on a field trip to a post office, to explore various activities that take place there.
Answer: Do it yourself along with your teachers.
In simple words: Visit a post office with your teacher and watch how workers sort and deliver letters to different places.

Exam Tip: Observe the different jobs people do at the post office and note down what you see.

 

Activity 1 - Write (Page 19)

 

Question 1. Have you or your family members ever sent, or received a letter or a parcel?
Answer: Do it yourself with the help of your parents or teachers.
In simple words: Think about a time when you got a letter or package in the mail and tell your teacher about it.

Exam Tip: Remember to describe how you felt when you received the letter or parcel.

 

Question 2. How does the post office help people stay connected with each other?
Answer: The postman gathers all letters from the postbox and carries them to the post office. At the post office, workers sort letters by the regions shown on the address and forward them to where they need to go. This way, the post office allows people to share messages and remain in touch with one another. Post offices also offer many other helpful services too.
In simple words: The post office takes letters from one person and delivers them to another person far away. This helps friends and family stay connected.

Exam Tip: Always mention the steps: collection, sorting, and delivery when explaining how postal services work.

 

Activity 2 (Page 20)

 

Interview with Elders

 

Answer: Here is a comparison table based on discussions with elders about communication in earlier times versus today:

In simple words: Long ago, people sent letters which took many days to reach. Now, we can send messages on phones and computers instantly to anyone, anywhere in the world.

Exam Tip: When comparing old and new communication methods, focus on the speed, frequency, and challenges of each time period.

 

Discuss (Page 21)

 

Question 1. Letters took a long time to reach other persons. How do you think it affected communication between people in the past?
Answer: In earlier days, sending letters required a long time because fast communication methods like mobile phones or the internet did not exist. This made talking to people slower and required more careful thought. People had to wait for days or even weeks to receive replies from someone living far away. This meant that if a person wanted to share urgent news or needed help during an emergency, they could not reach out faster. Sometimes, people were unaware of what was happening with their loved ones right away.
In simple words: When letters took weeks to arrive, people could not talk to each other quickly. This made it hard to get help fast in emergencies or share important news.

Exam Tip: Remember to explain how delays in communication affected both personal relationships and emergency responses.

 

Question 2. How is it different from the way people communicate now?
Answer: In the past, letter writing moved slowly - messages took days or weeks to travel. Today, we have mobile phones, computers, and the internet to send messages instantly. Now, we are able to speak with friends and family whenever and wherever we want.
In simple words: Today we can text or call someone right away and get an answer in seconds instead of waiting weeks for a letter to arrive.

Exam Tip: Always highlight the speed advantage of modern communication compared to older methods like letters.

 

Question 3. Today quick messages make sharing the news easier, but sometimes wrong information spreads very quick too. How can we ensure the news we share is true?
Answer: To make sure the news we share is true, we can take these simple steps:

Check the Source: Is it coming from a trusted source, a reliable website, or a news outlet?

Look for Evidence: Does the story give facts or quotes from experts?

Verify the Date: Is the information new, or has it become outdated?

Cross-Check: Can you find the same news on other reliable websites?

Ask an Adult: If you are not sure, ask a parent, teacher, or another trusted grown-up.

By following these steps, we can help make sure that the news we share is correct and trustworthy.
In simple words: Before sharing news, check where it came from, look for proof, and ask a grown-up if you are not sure it is real.

Exam Tip: For questions about identifying fake news, always mention verifying the source and cross-checking facts on multiple reliable websites.

 

Write (Page 22)

 

Question 1. Which mode of transportation do you use the most?
Answer: Land transport.
In simple words: I travel mostly on land using buses, cars, or other ground vehicles.

Exam Tip: When answering about transportation, think about your daily travel habits and the vehicles you use most often.

 

Question 2. Can you identify the structures in the pictures, and explain how they have made travel faster and connectivity better?
Answer:

Flyovers are elevated roads built above the ground. They let vehicles move over busy roads and junctions. This saves time by keeping cars away from traffic jams.

A Bridge joins the two sides of a river or valley. They enable people and vehicles to cross easily and quickly.

Metro trains run on special tracks above or below ground level. They travel very fast and help people cross the city quickly. Railway trains operate on separate tracks and allow people to travel long distances faster.

Aeroplanes and air trolleys are forms of air travel.

Aeroplanes let people travel from one city or country to another in just a few hours.

Air trolleys move along cables suspended in the air. They work well for travel in hilly areas or across rivers.
In simple words: Flyovers and bridges help traffic move faster. Trains and planes let people travel far and fast. These structures connect cities and save travel time.

Exam Tip: When describing transport infrastructure, explain both the structure itself and the specific benefit it brings to travel and movement.

 

Find Out (Page 23)

 

How did your parents and grandparents go to school or other places, when they were of your age? Is it different from how you travel today? Note it down below.
Answer: Do it yourself with the help of your parents and grandparents.
In simple words: Ask your parents and grandparents how they used to travel when they were young and compare it with how you travel today.

Exam Tip: Listen carefully to the stories of older family members and write down the differences you discover.

 

Write (Page 23)

 

List the people who work at a hospital or a health centre, and write down their role in the following table. One example has been given in the table.
Answer:

In simple words: A hospital has many workers - doctors treat sick people, nurses care for them, lab workers test blood, and attendants help everyone stay comfortable and clean.

Exam Tip: When listing hospital workers, make sure to describe what each person actually does, not just their job title.

 

Discuss (Page 25)

 

Question. If you had to send money to someone, which method would you choose - using a phone, Money Order or some other mode? Why?
Answer: I would pick a mobile phone because it makes my payment faster and keeps it safe too. I get a message right away telling me the money was sent.
In simple words: Using a phone to send money is the fastest and safest way - you know right away if it worked.

Exam Tip: When comparing money transfer methods, mention speed, safety, and confirmation as key advantages.

 

Write (Page 25)

 

Question 1. If you get pocket money, do you save it? If yes, where do you put your savings?
Answer: Yes. I will save my money in a piggy bank (gullak).
In simple words: I keep my extra money safe in a piggy bank at home so I can use it later.

Exam Tip: Saving money shows good habits - mention a specific place where you keep your savings, like a piggy bank or bank account.

 

Question 2. Why do you think it is important to save money?
Answer: It is important to save money because we need it in the future. When we require money, we can use the amount we have already saved.
In simple words: If we save money now, we will have it when we need something later.

Exam Tip: Always explain that saving provides security for future needs and unexpected situations.

 

Question 3. What are some things you could do to save more money?
Answer: We can open a bank account, put money aside there, and invest it in fixed deposits, mutual funds, or the stock market, etc., where our money can grow.
In simple words: We can put money in a bank or invest it so it grows bigger over time.

Exam Tip: Mention different investment options like bank accounts, fixed deposits, and mutual funds to show knowledge of saving methods.

 

Question 4. Request one of your family members to show you their bank passbook. Note the important elements given on the first page of the passbook.
Answer: Do it yourself with the help of your family member.

1. Account Number
2. ABCDE Bank
3. Customer Name
4. Photograph of an account holder
In simple words: A bank passbook shows your account number, the bank's name, your name, and your photo so the bank knows it is really you.

Exam Tip: Be familiar with all the details shown on a passbook - these are common exam questions about banking.

 

Activity 3 (Page 26)

 

Question 1. Visit a bank in your locality or find out from your elders about how it works. After that, answer the following questions: (a) Other than saving money, what else do people use banks for? (b) What is an ATM and how does it help people?
Answer:

(a) Bank is used for:
- Transferring money
- Taking loan
- Keeping expensive items like gold, silver, diamond in lockers
- Investing money in fixed deposits, mutual funds, or the stock market, etc.

(b) ATM is short for 'Automated Teller Machine' and helps us to withdraw money whenever we need it. Some ATMs also allow us to put cash directly into our bank account, right away.
In simple words: Banks do many things - they hold our money, give us loans, keep our jewels safe, and help it grow. An ATM is a machine that gives us cash anytime.

Exam Tip: When answering about bank services, mention at least three different uses besides just saving money.

 

Question 2. Take an Indian currency note. Look at it closely and answer the following questions: (a) What is the value of the note? (b) How many languages do you see on the note? (c) What pictures or symbols are there on the note?
Answer:

(a) Rs. 100

(b) There are 17 languages on the Indian currency note including Hindi and English on both the front and back of the note:
- Assamese
- Bengali
- Gujarati
- Kannada
- Kashmiri
- Konkani
- Malayalam
- Marathi
- Nepali
- Odia
- Punjabi
- Sanskrit
- Tamil
- Telugu
- Urdu
- English
- Hindi

(c) Pictures or symbols on note:
- Portrait of Mahatma Gandhi at the centre
- Ashoka Pillar Emblem on the right
- Swachh Bharat Logo with Slogan
- Motif of RANI KI VAV
In simple words: An Indian note shows the value, 17 different languages so all people can understand it, and pictures of important Indian symbols like Gandhi and the Ashoka Pillar.

Exam Tip: Remember that Indian currency notes display multiple languages to represent the diversity of India and are printed with important national symbols.

 

Write (Pages 28-29)

 

Question 1. Look at the picture above, and write down the places located in the North, East, West, and South of Navya's home.
Answer:

In simple words: Using the picture, we can see that the hospital is above Navya's house, the chemist is to the right, the bakery is to the left, and the post office is below.

Exam Tip: When identifying directions, always look at the compass or the position of objects carefully - north is up, south is down, east is right, and west is left.

 

Question 2. Look at the picture and imagine your school at the centre. Name the buildings or areas near your school and write the direction they are situated in the given spaces.
Answer: Do it yourself with the help of your teacher.
In simple words: Think about what buildings are around your school and describe where they are using directions like north, south, east, and west.

Exam Tip: Draw a simple map with your school in the middle and mark the directions clearly for each nearby building.

 

Question 3. Imagine you are giving directions to a friend to visit your favourite place near your school. How would you explain it using directions (left, right, forward, backward, etc.) and landmarks?
Answer: Hints: Take one landmark and ask your friend to face it. That will be the forward direction. The opposite side will be the backward direction. The right side will show the right direction and the left side will show the left direction. Do it yourself with the help of your parents or teachers.
In simple words: Pick a landmark that your friend can see, ask them to face it, then give clear left/right and forward/backward directions to reach your favourite place.

Exam Tip: When giving directions, use landmarks and simple left/right instructions - these are easier for someone to follow than just compass directions.

 

Activity 4 (Page 30)

 

Draw a map showing the route from your school to the public library or any such place near your school. Identify landmarks like parks, shops, hospitals, bus stops, etc. on the map.
Answer: Do it yourself.
In simple words: Draw your own map showing the path from school to the library and mark important spots you pass along the way.

Exam Tip: When drawing a map, use clear symbols for different places and show the route with a line or arrow.

 

Let Us Reflect (Pages 31-32)

 

Question 1. Imagine you have Rs. 100 to utilise in a month. Your task is to plan how to spend and save wisely. Think about your expenses for stationery, snacks, toys, etc. Decide how much you will save in your piggy bank and how much you will use for your expenses. After making this plan, think about how saving money could help you in the future. Use the table below to create your budget:
Answer: Here is a simple plan to manage my Rs. 100 for the month:

Future Benefit: By saving money regularly, I can buy bigger things in the future, or even save for something important like a gift or a special outing! Saving helps me feel more prepared for surprises.
In simple words: If I save 30 rupees every month and spend the rest on things I need and want, I will have money saved for something special later.

Exam Tip: A good budget shows both savings and spending - always try to save at least 20-30% of money received and explain your choices clearly.

 

Question 2. Imagine that your group is in charge of making your neighbourhood better. Discuss what new services or facilities you would add or improve. Present how these changes would help everyone in the community.
Answer: Children can take part in many activities to help their neighbourhood:

Helping Keep the Park Clean: Kids can pick up litter and make sure the park stays clean. They can also remind their friends to throw trash in the bins.

Planting in the Community Garden: Children can help plant flowers, vegetables, and water the plants. This helps make the neighbourhood greener and cleaner.

Organizing a Book Stall: Kids can collect old books from their homes and donate them to help poor children and encourage them to study.

Participating in Clean-up Agenda: Kids can join clean-up days by picking up trash in their neighbourhoods and keeping the area tidy.

Spreading Awareness: Children can encourage their friends and family to take care for the environment by telling them about the importance of recycling or not wasting food. By helping with these activities, children can learn responsibility and teamwork while making their neighbourhood a better place.
In simple words: Kids can clean parks, plant gardens, share old books, help clean the neighbourhood, and teach others about protecting nature.

Exam Tip: When suggesting community improvements, focus on activities that are practical and that children can realistically help with, and always explain how each activity benefits everyone.

 

Question 3. As a class, take help of the elders around you to list people in your neighbourhood who helped the community during COVID-19. These could include doctors, nurses, garbage collectors, shopkeepers, teachers and others. Discuss how they made the community safer and why it is important to thank them.
Answer: During COVID-19, many people in our neighbourhood worked hard to keep us safe. Here are some of the people who helped:

Doctors and Nurses: They kept us healthy by taking care of people who were sick and teaching everyone how to stay safe.

Garbage Collectors: They helped by keeping the neighbourhood clean, which stopped the spread of germs.

Shopkeepers: They helped by providing food, so families could stay home and be safe.

Teachers: They made sure we could continue learning, even during difficult times.

Delivery People: They kept us connected with essential goods and made sure we didn't have to go outside.

It is important to thank these people because they worked hard to keep us safe and healthy, even when things were tough. They helped us stay calm and take care of each other. By thanking them, we show our appreciation for all their hard work. They are true heroes in our community!
In simple words: Many brave people worked during COVID to help us - doctors, workers, and teachers. We should thank them because they kept us safe and healthy when we needed them most.

Exam Tip: When answering about community helpers during COVID-19, always mention specific contributions made by each group and explain why gratitude is important.

 

Question 4. Can you list out the people involved and vehicles used in each of these services in the boxes given below? An example has been given.
Answer:

In simple words: Different services have their own workers and special vehicles - police use jeeps, hospitals use ambulances, fire stations use fire engines, post offices use vans, and libraries use book trolleys.

Exam Tip: When listing service providers, make sure to name specific people who work there and the exact vehicle or equipment they use for their job.