NCERT Solutions Class 10 Social Science Chapter 2 Survival Skills

Question 1. What is the main objective of Search and Rescue team? Define the team composition.

Answer: The main objectives of Search and Rescue team are as follows:

(i)   To rescue and evacuate people from damaged structures

(ii)  To provide immediate First Aid to the survivors and send the critically injured for further medical help

(iii) To take necessary actions to secure collapsed buildings that may have victims trapped inside

(iv) To dispose-off the bodies as this may cause health hazard for others

(v)  Raise awareness among the community members on how to use local materials for rescuing people.

Team Composition: Members of this team should be honest, emotionally sound, professionally decisive, having good physical condition, with demonstrated capacity and willing to work in an emergency.

Question 2. Identify two indigenous ways to rescue people in case of Floods.

Answer: Two indigenous ways to rescue people in case of floods are:

(i) Tubes filled with air prove to be an excellent device to stay afloat in flood waters.

(ii) Boat made up of tin cans is also used by people in some flood prone regions.

Question 3. Name three different ways to make a stretcher with the locally available resources.

Answer: Temporary stretchers can also be made by making use of locally available materials. The upper garment of a person can be made into a temporary stretcher. You have to close the front openings and pull the sleeves inwards, then insert rods through the sleeves. Ropes and ladder can also make a temporary stretcher. If we can find a rope and two rods, they can easily be made into a temporary stretcher.

Question 4. Explain the goals of First Aid.

Answer: First Aid is the immediate and temporary medical help provided to a victim, not with an idea to cure but in order to prevent further harm being done. The goals of First Aid are:

(i)   To restore and maintain vital functions. To maintain the ABC of basic life support, i.e., airway, breathing and circulation.

(ii)  To prevent any further injury or any deterioration in the present condition.

(iii) To make the victim as comfortable as possible.

Question 5. What are the causes of fainting and what are the measures that need to be take-up if you see someone who has fainted?

Answer: Losing consciousness for a short period of time because of insufficient supply of oxygen to the brain is known as fainting. The most common causes of fainting are head injury, epilepsy, stroke, poisoning, diabetes and conditions associated with lack of oxygen.

Measures to be taken if someone finds a person fainting:

(i)  Catch the person before he or she falls to prevent from any injury.