NCERT Class 4 Mathematics Maths Mela Chapter 09 Equal Groups PDF Download

Chapter 9: Equal Groups

Animal Jumps

Fill in the blank spaces with the appropriate numbers. Find how many jumps the animal needs to take to reach its food.

1. The frog jumps 3 steps at time. Which numbers will the frog touch? Will it touch 67?

   These numbers are multiples of 3.

   0 3 6 12 18

2. The squirrel jumps 4 steps at a time. Which numbers will the squirrel touch? How many times should the squirrel jump to reach 60?

   These numbers are multiples of ___

   0 4 8 12

3. The rabbit jumps 6 steps at a time. Which numbers will the rabbit touch? What is the smallest 3-digit number on which the rabbit will land? How many times did the rabbit jump to reach this number?

   These numbers are multiples of ___

   0 6 12 18

4. The kangaroo jumps 8 steps at a time. Which numbers will the kangaroo touch? Are there numbers that both the rabbit and the kangaroo will touch?

   These numbers are multiples of ___

   0 8 16

5. To reach 48, how many times did the rabbit jump? _______

   How many times did the Kangaroo jump to reach the same number? _______

   What did you observe? Share your thoughts.

Common Multiples

1. Which numbers do both the frog and the squirrel touch? A few common multiples of 3 and 4 are _____________________________.
2. Which numbers do both the rabbit and the kangaroo touch? A few common multiples of 6 and 8 are ________________________.

6. To reach 60, how many times did the frog jump? _______

   How many times did the rabbit jump to reach the same number? __________

   What do you observe? Share your thoughts.

7. If the cat and the rat land on the same number, the cat will catch the rat.

   The cat is now on 6 and the rat on 12. When the cat jumps 3 steps forward, the rat jumps 2 steps forward. Will the cat catch the rat? If yes, at which number?

8. Find multiplication and division sentences below. Shade the sentences. How many can you find?

   Two examples are done for you.

   3	4	2	7	4	9	8	2
   4	2	10	20	5	2	2	4
   12	8	0	6	4	8	8	1
   3	2	6	2	2	6	16	2
   2	3	6	18	6	5	3	1
   10	3	4	1	12	2	7	14
   2	0	2	2	6	10	7	2
   20	5	8	2	2	5	10	2

Gulabo's Garden

1. Gulabo's garden has lily flowers. Each lily flower has 3 petals. How many petals are there in 12 flowers? Show how you found your answer.

   Gulabo will have \( 12 \times 3 \) petals.

   Petals in 10 lilies \( 10 \times 3 \) petals = 30 petals

   Petals in 2 lilies __________________

   Petals in 12 lilies _________________

   \[ 12 \times 3 = 36 \text{ (Product)} \]

   No. of groups (Multiplier)	Group size (Multiplicand)	Multiplication statement

2. In a hibiscus flower there are 5 petals. Gulabo counted all the petals and found them to be 80. How many flowers did she have?

   Gulabo has \( 80 \div 5 \) flowers.

   5 petals is 1 flower.

   10 petals are 2 flowers.

   50 petals are 10 flowers.

   Then, 80 petals are _______ flowers.

3. Gulabo plants some marigold saplings in a box as shown in the picture.

   There are ______ saplings in each row.

   There are ______ rows.

   How many saplings has she planted? How did you calculate it?

   Mathematical Statement _________________

4. "Dailyfresh" supermarket has kept boxes of strawberries in a big tray.

   How many boxes of strawberries does the supermarket have? Show how you found them.

   There are _______ columns of strawberry boxes.

   There are _______ boxes in each column.

   There are _______ boxes in all.

   Mathematical Statement _________________

5. Radha runs a bakery shop. She bakes 18 cupcakes in one tray of the size shown below.

   a) Complete arranging the cupcakes in the two trays given below.

Note for Teachers

In this chapter, the focus is on multiplying 1-, 2-, and 3-digit numbers by 1-digit numbers, with group sizes less than 10. Children should be encouraged to break down the 'multiplier (no. of groups)' into multiples of 10 to simplify calculations. They can also use strategies like doubling and halving.

Teacher's Note

When you work with multiples, think of them as a skip-counting pattern. If the frog jumps 3 steps at a time, it touches 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, ... - all multiples of 3. To check if a number is a multiple, ask yourself: "Can I reach it by jumping in equal steps?" This same idea helps you multiply: 12 × 3 means 12 groups of 3, which is the same as jumping 3 steps twelve times.

Key Points

• A multiple of a number is what you get when you skip-count by that number. The frog jumping 3 steps at a time lands on multiples of 3: 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, and so on.
• Common multiples are numbers that appear in the skip-counting patterns of two different numbers. For example, 12 is a common multiple of both 3 and 4 because both animals can land on it.
• Multiplication can be thought of as equal groups. If you have 12 flowers with 3 petals each, you can find the total petals by multiplying: \( 12 \times 3 = 36 \). Breaking it into smaller groups (10 flowers plus 2 flowers) makes the calculation easier.
• Division is the opposite of multiplication. If 80 petals come from flowers with 5 petals each, you divide to find how many flowers: \( 80 \div 5 = 16 \) flowers.

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