CBSE Class 10 Social Science Lifelines of National Economy MCQs Set B

Fill in the blanks

Question : __________is the first seaport developed after independence on the western cost of India
Answer : Kandla

Question : the first train in India launched from Bombay to________
Answer : Thane

Question : the state related to National waterway 3 is _________
Answer : Kerala

Question : National waterway 1 is located in __________ river
Answer : Gnaga river

Question : _______________ is the cheapest mode of transport
Answer : Water transport

Question : Name the state related to National Waterways No. 3.
Answer :  Kerala

Question : "Dense and efficient network of transport is a pre-requisite for local and national development". Analyse the statement.
Answer :  We need various things to sustain our lives in the form of goods, services and support systems. The same applies to all occupational activities. Each of the requirements cannot be in the close vicinity of our place of living.
We need to move the goods and services from the supply localities to the demand localities and this is done by the transportation system. We also need efficient transportation for people to reach their places of work, play and learning efficiently. All these activities, which are integral in the economic growth of the local population and the country as a whole is greatly dependent on the transport sector. Thus a dense and efficient network of trans- portation is a prerequisite for local and national development. Examples are -
(a) fast and efficiently moving transport is required for traded items to reach their destinations on time, otherwise business will suffer.
(b) Transport is required to carry raw materials to production centers.
(c) From manufacturing hubs to markets particularly for perishable goods.
(d) Movement of people is also very important for trade and business.

Question : Explain the improvements made by the Indian railways in its functioning.
Answer :  (a) Conversion of meter gauge to broad gauge.
(b) Steam engines have been replaced by diesel and electric engines. This has increased the speed and haulage capacity.
(c) The replacement of steam engine run by coal has improved the environment of stations and its surroundings.
(d) Railways routes have been extended to areas were there was no railway lines earlier.

Question : Explain any three major problems faced by Indian Railways.
Answer :  The following problems are faced by the railways:
(a) Travelling without ticket.
(b) Thefts and damaging railway property.
(c) Stopping of trains without any emergency on necessity in unauthorised way.
(d) Railways also face challenges in constructing and maintaining railway tracks in mountains, sandy plains, and swampy areas.

Question : Describe any five major problems faced by road transport in India.
Answer :  Five problems faced by road transport in India are given below :
(a) Volume of traffic and passengers is very large.
(b) Road network is inadequate.
(c) Half the roads are unmetalled, which limits their usage in rainy seasons.
(d) National highways too are inadequate and congested.
(e) Roadways are highly congested in cities and most bridges and culverts are old and narrow.

Question : Classify roads into six classes according to their capacity. What is the role of National Highways Authority of India?
Answer :  Roads are classified as given below :
(a) Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways- reduce the time and distance between the mega cities of India.
(b) National Highways-connect the state capitals, big cities and important ports.
(c) State Highways-join the state capitals with district headquarters.
(d) District Roads-connect the district centres with the major roads.
(e) Other Rural Roads-link rural areas and villages with towns.
(vi) Border Roads-have increased accessibility in areas of difficult terrain along the country’s border. Projects related to super highways are being implemented by the NHAI.

Question : Explain any five characteristics of Kandla Seaport. 
Answer :  Characteristics of Kandla sea port :
(a) It was the first port developed soon after India got independence.
(b) It reduced the volume of traffic of Mumbai port.
(c) It is a tidal port.
(d) Caters to exports and imports of highly productive granery and industrialised states.
(e) It ia a free trade zone.

Question : Examine with example the role of means of transport and communication in making our life prosperous and comfortable.
Answer :  We need various things to sustain our lives in the form of goods, services and support systems. The same applies to all occupational activities. Each of the requirements cannot be in the close vicinity of our place of living.
We need to move the goods and services from the supply localities to the demand localities and this is done by the transportation system. We also need efficient transportation for people to reach their places of work, play and learning efficiently. All these activities, which are integral in the economic growth of the local population and the country as a whole is greatly dependent on the transport sector. Thus a dense and efficient network of trans- portation is a prerequisite for local and national development. Examples are -
(a) fast and efficiently moving transport is required for traded items to reach their destinations on time, otherwise business will suffer.
(b) Transport is required to carry raw materials to production centers.
(c) From manufacturing hubs to markets particularly for perishable goods.
(d) Movement of people is also very important for trade and business.

Question : Classify communication services into two categories. Explain main features of each.
Answer :  Communication services can be classified in two categories :
(a) Personal communication :
(a) Communication between two or more persons at personal level is personal communication.
(b) The India postal network handles parcels as well as personal written communication.
(c) Cards and envelops, posts and telegraph and email are examples.
(d) Telephone services like STD, ISD provide easy and comfortable network to a large number of people that facilitates personal communication.
(b) Mass communication :
(a) It is the communication through, which one can communicate with several people at the same time.
(b) It provides the entertainment (movies) and creates awareness among people about various national programmes and policies very quickly.
(c) It includes print media like newpapers, magazines, book, etc. and electronic media like radio, television, Etc.

Question : "Efficient means of transport are pre-requisites for the fast development." Express your views in favour of this statement.
Answer :  We need various things to sustain our lives in the form of goods, services and support systems. The same applies to all occupational activities. Each of the requirements cannot be in the close vicinity of our place of living.
We need to move the goods and services from the supply localities to the demand localities and this is done by the transportation system. We also need efficient transportation for people to reach their places of work, play and learning efficiently. All these activities, which are integral in the economic growth of the local population and the country as a whole is greatly dependent on the transport sector. Thus a dense and efficient network of trans- portation is a prerequisite for local and national development. Examples are -
(a) fast and efficiently moving transport is required for traded items to reach their destinations on time, otherwise business will suffer.
(b) Transport is required to carry raw materials to production centers.
(c) From manufacturing hubs to markets particularly for perishable goods.
(d) Movement of people is also very important for trade and business.

Question : What is mass communication? What are the different means of mass communication? What is the significance of mass communication in a country like India?
Answer :  Mass communication : It covers large number of people at the same time. Different means of mass communication are radio, television, films, internet, newspapers and magazines.
Significance of mass communication are :
(a) Covers more than 95% of India’s total population
(b) Provides education and entertainment
(c) Most instant means of mass information
(d) Brings all classes of people together

Question : Why is a dense and efficient network of transport and communication a prerequisite for the development of local, national and global trade of today? Give your opinion.
Answer :  Dense and efficient network of transport and communication are necessary for development.
(a) We use different material and services. Only some of these are available near us while other requirements are met by bringing them from other places. Movement of these goods and services need communication and transport.
(b) Today, the world has become small with the help of efficient and fast moving transport.
(c) We have been able to achieve this with the help of well developed communication system.
(d) Therefore transport and communication are complementary to each other and are needed for trade.
(e) Today India is well linked with the rest of the world despite its vast size diversity, linguistic and socio-cultural diversity.

Question : What is trade? Explain the importance of international trade?
Answer :  (a) The exchanges of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade.
(b) Trade between two counties is called international trade.
(c) When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade.
(d) When the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is termed as unfavourable balance of Trade.
Importance :
(a) International trade of a country is an index to its economic prosperity.
(b) It is considered as the economic barometer for a country.
(c) As the resources are space bound, no country can survive without international trade.
(d) Countries have trade relations with the major trading blocks.
(e) In the present times exchange of commodities and goods have been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge.

Question : Define the following terms :
(a) Trade
(b) International Trade
(c) Favourable Balance of Trade
(d) Unfavourable Balance of Trade.
Answer :  (a) The exchanges of goods among people, states and countries is referred to as trade.
(b) Trade between two counties is called international trade.
(c) When the value of export exceeds the value of imports, it is called a favourable balance of trade.
(d) When the value of imports exceeds the value of exports, it is termed as unfavourable balance of trade.

Question.What is international trade?What do you mean by Balance of trade‘?What is the importance of trade?
Answer : Trade between two countries is called international trade. It includes exchange of commodities, services, information and knowledge. Relation or difference between nation‘s exports and imports is called balance of trade. It is of two types:
(i) Surplus trade: when the value of exported goods and services is more than the value of imported goods and services. It is called favorable trade balance.
(ii) Trade Deficit: when the value of exported goods and services is less than the value of imported goods and services. It is called unfavorable trade balance.
The importance of trade is:
1. No country can survive without international trade because resources are space bound.
2. Advancement of international trade of a country leads to its economic prosperity because such a trade provides so many jobs to workers as well as business to traders.
3. It is through international trade that we earn much of our foreign exchange which is required for importing many essential goods.
4. Foreign trade helps in transfer of technology.

Question. Mention the different means of transport in India.
Answer : Means of transport in India are:-
(i) Roadways, (ii) Waterways, (iii) Airways, (iv) Pipelines, (v) Railways.

Question. What are the means of mass communication? Explain features of any two media.
Answer : These are those means of communication through which one can communicate with several people at the same time.
For example- Radio, newspaper and T.V.(Television):-
(i) It is one of the largest and essential networks in the world.
(ii) It provides entertainment and keeps the viewers well informed about the world.
Radio:-(i) It is the cheapest and the most effective means of communication.
(ii) Besides entertainment, it also provides information and promotes social education.

Question. What are the different types of roads in India?
Answer : There are six types of roads:-
1. Golden Quadrilateral Super Highways or Expressway National Highways
2. National Highways 3. State Highways 4. District Roads
5. Other Roads or Rural Roads or Village Roads 6. Border Roads

Question. What do you mean by pipeline transport?
Answer : Transportation of liquid, gases or slurries through pipes made of durable metal or a plastic tube is called pipeline transport. It is the most convenient mode of transport for crude oil, petroleum products and natural gas even solids like iron ore in slurry form to refineries, fertilizer factories, industries and big thermal power plants. 
For example:. From oil field in
From Salaya in Gujarat to Jalandhar in Punjab, via Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Sonipat. It has branches to connect Koyali (near Vadodara, Gujarat) Chakshu and other places.
Gas pipeline from Hazira in Gujarat connects Jagdishpur in Uttar Pradesh, via Vijaipur in Madhya Pradesh. It has branches to Kota in Rajasthan, Shahajahanpur, Babrala and other places in Uttar Pradesh (HVJ).

LONG TYPE QUESTION ANSWER

Question. What do you mean by tourism?
Answer : Tourism comprises the activities of the people traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environments for more than one consecutive day for leisure, business and other purposes. Tourists visit other places for heritage tourism, religious activities, eco tourism, adventure tourism, cultural tourism, medical tourism and business tourism.

Question. What are the advantages of transport?
Answer : 1. Facilitates easy and free movement of people from one place to another.
2. Helps to carry goods and materials from one place to another
3. Helps in production and distribution of goods.
4. Connect markets with the production centers.
5. Promotes easy accessibility of goods and services.
6. Helps in development of trade and commerce.
7. Helps to increase the volume of the Trade.

Question. What are the chief import and export items in India?
Answer : Import Items:-
1. Agriculture and allied products (2.53 %),
2. Ores and minerals (9.12 %),
3. Gems and jewellery (26.75%)
4. Chemical and allied products (24.45%),
5. Engineering goods ( 35.63%) Petroleum products (86.12%)
Export Items:-
1. Petroleum and petroleum products (41.87%)
2. Pearls and precious stones (29.26%)
3. Inorganic chemicals (29.39%),
4. Coal, coke and briquettes (94.17% )
5. Machinery (12.56%).

Question. What are the problems faced by Indian roadways?
Answer : 1. Road network is inadequate for increasing volume of traffic.
2. About half of the roads are unmetalled.
3. The National Highways are inadequate and are poorly maintained.
4. The roadways are highly congested in cities and are lacking safety measures.
5. Most of the bridges and culverts are old and narrow.
6. Lack of proper security measures.

Question. What are the features of railways in India?
Answer : 1. Very useful for carrying heavy and bulky goods and materials.
2. Comparatively cheaper than Roadways and Airways for long distances.
3. Gives employment to a large number of people.
4. The Indian Railways are the largest public undertaking run by the Central Government
5. The principal (Main) mode of transportation for freight and passengers in India.
6. Railways conduct multifarious activities like business, sightseeing and pilgrimage along with transportation of goods.
7. Acts as an Integrating force by bringing people close to each other.
8. Suitable for long distances and Provides comfort of a home.

Question. What are the Problems Faced by Indian Railways?
Answer : 1. Requires huge investment at the time of installation.
2. Maintenance and upkeep is very costly.
3. Construction is difficult and costly in uneven and high hills and deserts.
4. Not suitable for transportation of perishable goods.
5. Ticket-less travelers.
6. Thefts and damaging of railway property.
7. Unnecessarily chain pulling to stop train.
8. conversions.
9. Sinking and slipping of tracks in rains.
10. Modernization and Electrification.