CBSE Class 10 Geography HOTs Agriculture

Question : Primitive subsistence farming is also known as :
(a) Jhumming
(b) Terrace Farming
(c) Step Farming
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question : Intensive subsistence farming is practiced in areas of :
(a) High population
(b) No population
(c) Less population
(d) Very less population
Answer : A

Question : Jhumming is known as Conuco in :
(a) Brazil
(b) Venezuela
(c) Mexico
(d) Central Africa
Answer : B 

Question : Land productivity in primitive subsistence farming is:
(a) Low
(b) High
(c) Normal
(d) Very high
Answer : A 

Question : Kharif crops are harvested in the month of :
(a) September-October
(b) July-August
(c) November-December
(d) January-February
Answer : A 

Question : By what name jhumming is known in Jharkhand ?
(a) Bewar
(b) Dahiya
(c) Podu
(d) Kuruwa
Answer : D 

Question : How much population of India is engaged in agriculture ?
(a) 1/2
(b) 1/3
(c) 2/3
(d) 3/4
Answer : C 

Question : Choose the correctly matched pair about the Primitive Cultivation in India from the following options:
(a) Dahiya-Madhya Pradesh
(b) Kumari-Jharkhand
(c) Khil-Andhra Pradesh
(d) Koman-Karnataka
Answer : A 

Question : Which country was the second largest producer after China of the above crop?
(a) Japan
(b) USA
(c) India
(d) Myanmar
Answer : C

Question. What is Primitive subsistence farming called in Bastar district of Chattisgarh and in Andaman and Nicobar Island?
(a) Ray
(b) Valre
(c) Khil
(d) Dipa
Answer : D

Question. Which of the following was the main focus of our First Five Year Plan
(a) Cost of Food
(b) Globalisation
(c) Land Reforms
(d) Industrialisation
Answer : C

Question. Choose the correct option for the Puzzle “It requires high doses of biochemical. It is practiced in areas of high population. It produces good Yield with irrigation facilities.”
(a) Intensive Subsistence farming
(b) Primitive subsistence farming
(c) Commercial farming
(d) All of the above
Answer : A

Question. Bhoodan- Gramdan movement was initiated by __________
(a) Government of India
(b) Mahatma Gandhi
(c) Vinoba Bhave
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer : C

Question. Facilities like irrigation, awareness about modern techniques of agriculture, Kissan credit cards, provision of crop insurance, personal accident insurance scheme, special weather bulletins and minimum support price are all a part of____________.
(a) Technical and institutional measures
(b) Input measures
(c) Physical measures
(d)Human resources
Answer : A

Question. ______ is a coarse grain grown in India.
(a) Jowar
(b) Hemp
(c) Rice
(d) Coffee
Answer : A

Question. Which type of agriculture is famous in North Eastern States like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland
(a) Commercial
(b) Intensive
(c) Jhumming
(d) Commercial Subsistence
Answer : C

True / False

Question : Rice crop requires low temperature and very high humidity level of 90% with annual rainfall around 80- 90 cm. (True/False)
Answer : False

Question : The important kharif crops grown during this seasonare paddy (rice), maize, jowar, bajara, tur, moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean.
Answer : True

Question : In states like Assam, West Bengal and Odisha, three crops of paddy are grown in a year. (True/False)
Answer : True

Source Based Question

Read the text given below and answer the questions that follow:
The Government of India embarked upon introducing agricultural reforms to improve Indian agriculture in the 1960s and 1970s. The Green Revolution based on the use of package technology and the White Revolution (Operation Flood) were some of the strategies initiated to improve the lot of Indian agriculture. But this too led to the concentration of development in few selected areas. Therefore, in the 1980s and 1990s, a comprehensive land development programme was initiated, which included both institutional and technical reforms. Provision for crop insurance against drought, flood, cyclone, fire and disease, establishment of Grameen banks, cooperative societies and banks for providing loan facilities to the farmers at lower rates of interest were some important steps in this direction.

Question : Package technology refers to –
(a) High Yielding Variety of Seeds,
(b) Modern equipment’s of tilling the soil,
(c) Fertilizers and pesticides
(d) All the above
Answer : D

Question : Farmers are provided insurance in case of ________.
(a) Change of regional party
(b) Restructuring of bank
(c) Natural disasters
(d) Technological reforms
Answer : C

Question : Which of the following is associated with Operation flood?
(a) Green revolution
(b) White Revolution
(c) Gene Revolution
(d) Blood less revolution
Answer : B

Question : What is the aim directly associated with Comprehensive land development?
(a) Industrial development
(b) Farmers’ development
(c) Development of banking
(d) Political development
Answer : B

Question : How are Grameen Bank beneficial for the farmers?
(a) Always offer interest free loan
(b) Offer loans at low interest rate
(c) To provide grain storage
(d) Banks have branches in every town
Answer : B

Question : Which one of the following describes a system of agriculture, where a single crop is group on a large area?
(a) Shifting Agriculture
(b) plantation Agriculture
(c) horticulture
(d) Intensive Agriculture
Answer : B

Question : Which one of the following is a rabi crop?
(a) Rice
(b) Gram
(c) Millets
(d) Gram
Answer : B

Question : Which one of the following is a leguminous crop?
(a) pulses
(b) jowar
(c) Millets
(d) Sesamum
Answer : A

Question : Choose the correctly matched pair about the agriculture in India from the following options:
(a) Rabi crops are sown- October to December
(b) Gram- paddy crops
(c) Aus, Aman and boro- Government schemes
(d) Kisaan credit card – Increased the production
Answer : A

Question : What is “boro”?
(a) kharif crop
(b) zaid crop
(c) Rabi crop
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question : Kharif:_______, Rabi: barley, zaid : watermelon
(a) Gram
(b) wheat
(c) oilseeds
(d) moong
Answer : D

Question : Which is the ideal condition for the growth of sugarcane?
(a) Temperature of 21 to 27 degrees Celsius and an annual rainfall between 75cm and 100cm
(b) Temperature below 17 degree Celsius and 50to 75 CM of rainfall.
(c) Temperature of 25 degree Celsius and 200cm if rainfall.
(d) None of the above
Answer : A

Question : Choose the correctly matched pair about the major crops of India from the following options:
(a) Millets- North eastern part of the country
(b) Wheat- North western part of the country
(c) Pulse – South western part of the country
(d) Rice- South eastern part of the country.
Answer : B

Question : Choose the correctly matched pair about the agriculture pattern of India from the following options:
(a) Primitive subsistence agriculture – Dao and digging sticks
(b) Slash and burn agriculture- cotton and tobacco
(c) Intensive subsistence agriculture- felled and burned vegetation
(d) Commercial farming- hoe
Answer : A

Read the text given below and answer the questions that follow:

Under globalisation, particularly after 1990, the farmers in India have been exposed to new challenges. Despite being an important producer of rice, cotton, rubber, tea, coffee, jute and spices our agricultural products are not able to compete with the developed countries because of the highly subsidised agriculture in those countries. Today, Indian agriculture finds itself at the crossroads. To make agriculture successful and profitable, proper thrust should be given to the improvement of the condition of marginal and small farmers. The green revolution promised much. But today it’s under controversies. It is being alleged that it has caused land degradation due to overuse of chemicals, drying aquifers and vanishing biodiversity. The keyword today is “gene revolution”, which includes genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is recognised as a powerful supplement in inventing new hybrid varieties of seeds.

Question : Farmers in India have been exposed to new challenge under globalisation. Identify one such challenges based on given paragraph?
(a) Stiff Competition
(b) Stability in Prices of crops
(c) Land distribution
(d) None of these
Answer : A

Question : What was the main objective of the Green Revolution?
(a) Improvement in the conditions of the farmers
(b) Political stability
(c) Crop insurance against theft
(d) Right of inheritance
Answer : A

Question : The key word today is “gene revolution” which includes genetic engineering. Which of the following is recognized as genetic engineering?
(a) Inventing insecticides and pesticides
(b) Inventing biological inputs and fertilisers
(c) Inventing new hybrid varieties of seeds
(d) Inventing organic and inorganic farming
Answer : C

Question : Why is green revolution under controversies?
(a) loss of soil fertility.
(b) vanishing biodiversity
(c) Increasing yield
(d) Both (a) and (b)
Answer : D

Question : Farming done without using any type of chemical fertilisers, or insecticides is known as _____________.
(a) Organic farming
(b) Inorganic farming
(c) Mixed farming
(d) Collective farming.
Answer : A

Assertion and Reasoning Based Questions

Mark the option which is most suitable :
(a) If both assertion and reason are true and reason is the correct explanation of assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of assertion.
(c) If assertion is true but reason is false.
(d) If both assertion and reason are false.

Question : Assertion : India’s primary activity is Agriculture.
Reason : Two–thirds of its population is engaged in agricultural activities.
Answer : (a) Agriculture is a primary activity, which produces most of the food that we consume. Two-third of India’s population is involved in agricultural activities and earns livelihood through it.

Question : Assertion : Agriculture is not an old economic activity.
Reason : Farming varies from subsistence to commercial type.
Answer : (d) Cultivation methods have changed significantly depending upon the characteristics of physical, environmental and technological methods. Agriculture is definitely an old economic activity in India. Thus, both reason and assertion are false.

Question : Assertion : Plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry.
Reason : Plantation is a type of commercial farming, a single crop is grown on a large area.
Answer : (a) The plantation has an interface of agriculture and industry. Plantations cover large tracts of land, using capital intensive inputs, with the help of migrant labourer. All the produce is used as raw material in respective industries.

Question : Assertion : Biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production.
Reason : Doses of biochemical input are used to grow crops rapidly.
Answer : (a) High doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production to meet the growing demands of the people. The farmers continue to take maximum output from the limited land.

Question : Assertion : Crops are grown depending upon the variations in soil, climate and cultivation practices.
Reason : Crops are also grown according to availability of water.
Answer : (b) Variety of food and non food crops are grown in different parts of the country depending upon the variations in soil, climate and cultivation practices. Major crops grown in India are rice, wheat, millets, pulses, tea, coffee, sugarcane, oil seeds, cotton and jute, etc

Question : Intensive subsistence forming is practised in areas _____________ .
Answer : where population pressure on land is high.

Question : ________is the largest producer of raw jute and jute goods and stands at second place as an exporter after Bangladesh.
Answer : India.

Question : Wheat : Punjab, Sugarcane: Uttar Pradesh, __________Tamil Nadu.
Answer : Coffee.

Question : Bewar : Madhya Pradesh, Koman : Odisha, Kuruwa : __________ .
Answer : Jharkhand.

Read the sources given below and answer the questions that follow:

Source A- Sugarcane It is a tropical as well as a subtropical crop. It grows well in hot and humid climate with a temperature of 21°C to 27°C and an annual rainfall between 75 cm. and 100 cm. Irrigation is required in the regions of low rainfall. It can be grown on a variety of soils and needs manual labour from sowing to harvesting. India is the second largest producer of sugarcane only after Brazil. It is the main source of sugar, gur (jaggary), khandsari and molasses.
Source B- Oil seeds In 2015, India was the second largest producer of groundnut in the world after china. In rapeseed production India was third largest producer in the world after Canada and China in 2015. Different oil– seeds are grown covering approximately 12 percent of the total cropped area of the country. Main oil seeds produced in India are groundnut, mustard, coconut, sesamum (til), soyabean, castor seeds, cotton seeds, linseed and sunflower. Most of these are edible and used as cooking mediums. However, some of these are also used as raw material in the production of soap, cosmetics and ointments.
Source C-Tea Tea cultivation is an example of plantation agriculture. It is also an important beverage crop introduced in India initially by the British. Today, most of the tea plantations are owned by Indians. The tea plant grows well in tropical and sub-tropical climates endowed with deep and fertile well-drained climate all through the year. Frequent showers evenly distributed over the year ensure continuous growth of tender leaves. Tea is a labour-intensive industry. Source A- Sugarcane

Question : Name the major sugarcane producing states of India.
Answer : The major sugarcane-producing states are Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar, Punjab and Haryana.
Source B- Oilseeds

Question : What is the rank of India in producing groundnut and rapeseed?
Answer : In 2015 India was the second largest producer of groundnut in the world after china while In rapeseed production India was third largest producer in the world after Canada and China. Source C-Tea

Question : Write any two geographical conditions required for the growth of tea.
Answer : (i) Tea bushes require warm and moist frost-free climate through the year.
(ii) These require soil rich in humus and organic matter.

Read the extract and answer the questions that follows :

These are also reflected in agricultural partices and cropping patterns in the country. Various types of food and fibre crops, vegetables and fruits, spices and condiments, etc. constitute some of the important crops grown in the country. India has three cropping seasons—rabi, kharif and zaid. Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard. Though, these crops are grown in large parts of India, states from the north and north-western parts such a Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh are important for the production of wheat and other rabi crops. Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September-October. Important crops grown during this reason are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and soyabean. Some of the most important rice growing regions are Assam, West Bengal, coastal regions of Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Maharashtra, particularly the (Konkan cost) along with Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. In between the rabi and the kharif seasons, there is a short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season. Some of the crops produced during ‘zaid‘ are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber, vegetables and fodder crops. Sugarcane takes almost a year to grow.

Question :  Name the Rabi crops grown in India.
Answer : Wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard.

Question : Write any two geographical conditions required for the growth of rice.
Answer : (i) Rice is a kharif crop which grow with the onset of monsoon and harvested in September-October.
(ii) It requires high humidity and heavy rainfall.

Question : Which fibre is called a golden fibre? 
Answer :  Jute is called a golden fibre. It is one of the longest and most used natural fibre for various textile applications.

Question : By which other name is 'slash and burn' agriculture known?
Answer :  Jhum cultivation

Question : Which crop is the major crop of rabi ?
Answer :  Wheat

Long Questions for Class 10 Social Science Agriculture 

Question :  Why has the agriculture sector in India got a major set back in spite of increase in the G.D.P. growth rate? Analyse the reason.
Answer : (i) More and more land is used for construction of factories, warehouses and shelters which have reduced the land under cultivation.
(ii) Soil gets degraded by the use of pesticides, fertilizers, etc. Irrigation, often leads to water logging and salinity.
(iii) Today Indian farmers are facing a big challenge from international competition.
(iv) Our government is reducing the public investment in agriculture, subsidy on fertilizers have decreased.
(v) Reduction in import duties on agricultural products have proved detrimental to agriculture in our country.

Question :  Explain any four features of intensive subsistence agriculture in India.
Answer : (i) Intensive subsistence farming is practised in areas of high population pressure on land. In this type of farming, the agricultural production is increased by using high doses of biochemical inputs and better agricultural inputs.
(ii) Features of intensive farming :
(a) High yielding variety (HYV) seeds and modern chemical inputs and irrigation are used to increase the production.
(b) The per hectare yield is very high.
(c) More than one crop is cultivated during a year.
(d) In Indian this kind of farming is seen in Kerala.