NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change

Read and download the Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change PDF from the official NCERT Book for Class 11 Geography. Updated for the 2025-26 academic session, you can access the complete Geography textbook in PDF format for free.

NCERT Class 11 Geography Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change Digital Edition

For Class 11 Geography, this chapter in NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change provides a detailed overview of important concepts. We highly recommend using this text alongside the NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Geography to learn the exercise questions provided at the end of the chapter.

Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change NCERT Book Class Class 11 PDF (2025-26)

The world climate can be studied by organising information and data on climate and synthesising them in smaller units for easy understanding, description and analysis. Three broad approaches have been adopted for classifying climate. They are empirical, genetic and applied. Empirical classification is based on observed data, particularly on temperature and precipitation. Genetic classification attempts to organise climates according to their causes. Applied classification is for specific purpose.
 
 
KOEPPEN’S SCHEME OF CLASSIFICATION OF CLIMATE

The most widely used classification of climate is the empirical climate classification scheme developed by V. Koeppen. Koeppen identified a close relationship between the distribution of vegetation and climate. He selected certain values of temperature and precipitation and related them to the distribution of vegetation and used these values for classifying the climates. It is an empirical classification based on mean annual and mean monthly temperature and precipitation data. He introduced the use of capital and small letters to designate climatic groups and types. Although developed in 1918 and modified over a period of time, Koeppen’s scheme is still popular and in use.
Koeppen recognised five major climatic groups, four of them are based on temperature and one on precipitation. Table 12.1 lists the climatic groups and their characteristics according to Koeppen. The capital letters : A,C, D and E delineate humid climates and B dry climates.
The climatic groups are subdivided into types, designated by small letters, based on seasonality of precipitation and temperature characteristics. The seasons of dryness are indicated by the small letters : f, m, w and s, where f corresponds to no dry season,
 
NCERT Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change
 
 
m - monsoon climate, w- winter dry season and s - summer dry season. The small letters a, b, c and d refer to the degree of severity of temperature. The B- Dry Climates are subdivided using the capital letters S for steppe or semi-arid and W for deserts. The climatic types are listed in Table 12.2. The distribution of climatic groups and types is shown in Table 12.1.
 
 
Click on the below link to download NCERT Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 01 Geography as a Discipline
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Geography As A Discipline
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 02 The Origin and Evolution of the Earth
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography The Origin And Evolution Of The Earth
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 03 Interior of the Earth
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Interior Of The Earth
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 04 Distribution of Oceans and Continents
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Distribution of Oceans and Continents
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 05 Geomorphic Processes
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Geomorphic Processes
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 06 Landforms and their Evolution
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Landforms And Their Evolution
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 07 Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Composition And Structure Of Atmosphere
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 08 Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Solar Radiation Heat Balance and Temperature
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 09 Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Atmosphoric Circulation And Weather System
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 10 Water in the Atmosphere
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Water In The Atmosphere
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 12 Water (Oceans)
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Water Oceans
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 13 Movements of Ocean Water
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Movements Of Ocean Water
Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 14 Biodiversity and Conservation
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography BioDiversity And Conservation
Fundamental of Physical Geography Glossary
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Glossary
India Physical Environment Chapter 01 India Location
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography India Location
India Physical Environment Chapter 02 Structure and Physiography
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Structure And Physiography
India Physical Environment Chapter 03 Drainage System
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Drainage System
India Physical Environment Chapter 04 Climate
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Climate
India Physical Environment Chapter 05 Natural Vegetation
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Natural Vegetation
India Physical Environment Chapter 06 Natural Hazards and Disasters
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Natural Hazards And Disasters
India Physical Environment Glossary
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Appendix Glossary
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 01 Introduction to Maps
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Introduction to Maps
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 02 Map Scale
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Map Scale
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 03 Latitude, Longitude and Time
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Latitude Longitude and Time
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 04 Map Projections
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Map Projections
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 05 Topographical Maps
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Topographical Maps
Practical Work in Geography Chapter 06 Introduction To Remote Sensing
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Introduction To Remote Sensing
z NCERT Books for Class 11 Geography in Hindi Medium
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 1
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 2
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 3
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 4
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 5
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 6
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhart Bhautik Paryabaran Chapter 7
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 1
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 10
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 11
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 12
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 13
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 14
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 15
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 16
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 2
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 3
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 4
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 5
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 6
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 7
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 8
NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Bhoutik Bhugol Ke Mool Siddhant Chapter 9

NCERT Book Class 11 Geography Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change

Download the official NCERT Textbook for Class 11 Geography Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change, updated for the latest academic session. These e-books are the main textbook used by major education boards across India. All teachers and subject experts recommend the Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change NCERT e-textbook because exam papers for Class 11 are strictly based on the syllabus specified in these books. You can download the complete chapter in PDF format from here.

Download Geography Class 11 NCERT eBooks in English

We have provided the complete collection of NCERT books in English Medium for all subjects in Class 11. These digital textbooks are very important for students who have English as their medium of studying. Each chapter, including Fundamental of Physical Geography Chapter 11 World Climate and Climate Change, contains detailed explanations and a detailed list of questions at the end of the chapter. Simply click the links above to get your free Geography textbook PDF and start studying today.

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Where can I download the latest NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change in PDF for 2025-26?

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Does this Geography book follow the latest NCERT rationalized syllabus?

Yes, our collection of Class 11 Geography NCERT books follow the 2026 rationalization guidelines. All deleted chapters have been removed and has latest content for you to study.

Why is it better to download NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change chapter-wise?

Downloading chapter-wise PDFs for Class 11 Geography allows for faster access, saves storage space, and makes it easier to focus in 2026 on specific topics during revision.

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NCERT books are the main source for NCERT exams. By reading NCERT Book Class 11 Geography World Climate and Climate Change line-by-line and practicing its questions, students build strong understanding to get full marks in Geography.