Download Class 8 Science Worksheets for Ecosystem
Access printable practice worksheets for Ecosystem designed to align with the 2026-27 academic syllabus for Class 8 Science. These structured exercises help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
Access Ecosystem Questions and Exercises
Access the complete worksheet PDF for Ecosystem below. Regular practice with these targeted questions builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Science evaluations.
A. Fill in the Blanks (Check Point)
1. Earth is a part of ____ system. 2. Animals active in the day are called ____. 3. Animals are called ____ because they ____ make their food. 4. Plants, animals and micro-organisms form the ____ factor; ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____ are abiotic factors. 5. ____ is a chain of eating and being eaten.
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Answer: 1. solar; 2. diurnal; 3. heterotrophs, cannot; 4. biotic; light, temperature, air, water, soil (any five); 5. A food chain.
Teacher's Note: Abiotic means non-living.
B. Keywords
2. Define: atmosphere, biosphere, decomposers, ecology, ecosystem, food chain and food web.
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Answer: Atmosphere: the layer of gases around the earth. Biosphere: the part of the earth where life exists. Decomposers: organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down dead plants and animals. Ecology: the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. Ecosystem: a community of living things interacting with each other and with their non-living surroundings. Food chain: a series of organisms in which each is eaten by the next. Food web: many interconnected food chains.
Teacher's Note: Learn these definitions.
C. Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Everything that surrounds and affects a living organism is called (a) biosphere (b) environment (c) habitat (d) lithosphere
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Answer: (b) Environment.
Teacher's Note:
(ii) Which is also known as an autotroph? (a) producer (b) consumer (c) decomposer (d) saprotroph
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Answer: (a) Producer.
Teacher's Note: Autotrophs make their own food.
(iii) Which is an example of a herbivore? (a) human (b) hawk (c) tiger (d) grasshopper
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Answer: (d) Grasshopper.
Teacher's Note: Herbivores eat only plants.
(iv) Which is NOT an abiotic factor? (a) light (b) soil (c) land (d) water
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Answer: None of the four options is a biotic factor, since all four are non-living; the closest intended answer is (c) land, the item the book treats as part of the physical environment. Check the printed key of your book.
Teacher's Note: I am not certain which option the school key marks, since all four are abiotic; please verify.
(v) Which is an example of symbiosis? (a) lichen (b) legume (c) both (a) and (b) (d) none
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Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b): lichen (alga with fungus) and legumes (with Rhizobium) are examples of symbiosis.
Teacher's Note: Both partners benefit.
D. Fill in the Blanks
1. ____ are called heterotrophs as they feed on other organisms. 2. The network of food chains is called a ____. 3. Some animals become active only at night and are called ____. 4. An example of a producer in a pond is ____. 5. Tiger, owl and cat are ____ animals.
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Answer: 1. Animals (consumers); 2. food web; 3. nocturnal; 4. Hydrilla (or algae); 5. carnivorous (nocturnal in the case of owl and cat).
Teacher's Note: Think of what each organism eats.
E. True or False
1. Saprotrophs secrete digestive enzymes to decompose organic matter. 2. Humidity is the amount of water vapour in the atmosphere. 3. Light is not a biotic factor. 4. A pyramid of numbers shows the relationship between producers and consumers. 5. An interwoven pattern of interconnected food chains is called a food chain.
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Answer: 1. True; 2. True; 3. True; 4. True; 5. False (it is a food web).
Teacher's Note: Light is abiotic, so statement 3 is true.
F. Food Chain
10. Arrange the given organisms in the correct order to complete the food chain.
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Answer: A food chain always starts with a producer and then moves to the consumers, for example: grass, grasshopper, frog, snake, hawk.
Teacher's Note: The organisms in your worksheet picture were not in the text; use the same rule: producer first, top carnivore last.
G. Very Short Answer Questions
1. Define environment.
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Answer: The sum total of all living and non-living things that surround and affect an organism.
Teacher's Note:
2. What is ecology? Who coined the term?
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Answer: Ecology is the study of the relationship of living organisms with each other and with their environment. The term was coined by Ernst Haeckel.
Teacher's Note:
3. What is a food chain? How is it different from a food web?
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Answer: A food chain is a single series of eating and being eaten. A food web is a network of many interlinked food chains.
Teacher's Note:
4. Why are animals called heterotrophs?
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Answer: They cannot make their own food, so they depend on plants or other animals.
Teacher's Note:
5. What is an autotroph? Give an example.
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Answer: An organism that makes its own food by photosynthesis, such as a green plant.
Teacher's Note:
H. Short Answer Questions
1. What are the different regions of the earth's crust?
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Answer: The lithosphere (land), the hydrosphere (water), the atmosphere (air) and the biosphere (the zone of life that includes parts of all three).
Teacher's Note:
2. How can biotic factors be categorised on the basis of food relations?
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Answer: As producers (green plants), consumers (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores) and decomposers (bacteria and fungi).
Teacher's Note:
3. What is an ecosystem? Explain the forest ecosystem.
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Answer: An ecosystem is a self-sustaining unit of living and non-living things that interact. In a forest, producers are the trees and shrubs, consumers are herbivores (deer), carnivores (tiger) and omnivores (bear), and decomposers (fungi, bacteria) recycle dead matter into the soil.
Teacher's Note:
4. Write a short note on the pyramid of numbers.
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Answer: It shows the number of organisms at each level of a food chain. Producers are at the base and are the most numerous; the numbers fall at each higher level, with the top carnivore at the top.
Teacher's Note: See the pyramid below.
5. What is the role of flora in a forest ecosystem?
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Answer: Flora (the plants) are the producers: they make food by photosynthesis, give food and shelter to animals, add oxygen to the air, hold the soil and bring rain.
Teacher's Note:
6. What is a host-parasite relationship?
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Answer: In this relationship, a parasite lives on or in another organism (the host) and takes food from it, harming the host. Examples are lice on humans and tapeworm in the intestine.
Teacher's Note:
I. Long Answer Questions
1. Explain the interaction within the biotic components of the environment and energy flow.
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Answer: Producers capture sunlight and make food. Primary consumers (herbivores) eat producers, secondary consumers (carnivores) eat herbivores, and tertiary consumers eat other carnivores. Decomposers break down dead organisms and return nutrients to the soil. Energy flows in one direction, from the sun to the producers and then to the consumers, and only about 10% passes on at each level; the rest is lost as heat.
Teacher's Note: The 10% rule is a good point to add.
2. Explain the abiotic factors of the environment.
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Answer: Abiotic factors are the non-living parts: light (for photosynthesis), temperature (affects growth and activity), water (needed by all life), air (oxygen and carbon dioxide), soil (minerals and anchorage), and humidity (water vapour in the air).
Teacher's Note:
3. Write a short note on the forest ecosystem.
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Answer: A forest has a large variety of living things. Trees and shrubs (producers) are eaten by insects, deer and other herbivores, which are preyed on by carnivores such as tigers, and fungi and bacteria break down dead matter. The forest controls climate, prevents soil erosion and supplies wood and medicines.
Teacher's Note:
4. What are the different types of ecological pyramids?
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Answer: Pyramid of numbers (the number of organisms at each level), pyramid of biomass (their total dry mass) and pyramid of energy (the energy at each level, which is always upright).
Teacher's Note: The pyramid of numbers can sometimes be inverted, as for a single tree with many insects.
5. Differentiate between predation and parasitism.
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Answer:
| Predation | Parasitism |
|---|---|
| A predator kills and eats the prey | A parasite lives on a host and takes food, usually without killing it quickly |
| The predator hunts only to eat | The parasite depends on the host for shelter and food |
| Example: lion and deer | Example: tick on a dog |
Teacher's Note:
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Practice Worksheet and Study Resources for Class 8 Science Ecosystem
Download Practice Sheet: Ecosystem (Class 8 Science)
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Concept Clarification for Ecosystem
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FAQs
You can download the teacher-verified PDF for CBSE Class 8 Science Ecosystem Worksheet Set 03 from StudiesToday.com. These practice sheets for Class 8 Science are designed as per the latest CBSE academic session.
Yes, our CBSE Class 8 Science Ecosystem Worksheet Set 03 includes a variety of questions like Case-based studies, Assertion-Reasoning, and MCQs as per the 50% competency-based weightage in the latest curriculum for Class 8.
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