Mathematics Concept Notes for Class 8: Profit and Loss
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Basic Terms
1. Cost price (CP) is what the seller pays for an article. Overheads such as repairs, transport and packing are added to CP.
2. Selling price (SP) is what the buyer pays.
3. If SP is more than CP the seller gains: Profit = SP - CP. If CP is more than SP the seller loses: Loss = CP - SP.
4. Both profit and loss can be given as a percent, always on the cost price.
Formulae
| Quantity | Formula |
|---|---|
| Profit percent | \( \frac{\text{Profit}}{\text{CP}} \times 100 \) |
| Loss percent | \( \frac{\text{Loss}}{\text{CP}} \times 100 \) |
| SP when profit is p% | \( \text{CP} \times \frac{100+p}{100} \) |
| SP when loss is l% | \( \text{CP} \times \frac{100-l}{100} \) |
| CP when profit is p% | \( \text{SP} \times \frac{100}{100+p} \) |
| CP when loss is l% | \( \text{SP} \times \frac{100}{100-l} \) |
Worked Ideas
1. A bike bought for Rs. 2000 and sold for Rs. 2200 gives a profit of Rs. 200, which is 10% of the cost.
2. An article sold for Rs. 420 at 12% profit has CP 420 × 100/112 = Rs. 375.
3. If a hand cart sold for Rs. 720 gives a 25% loss, its CP is 720 × 100/75 = Rs. 960, and selling at a 25% gain needs Rs. 1200.
4. Two articles sold at the same price, one at a gain of x% and the other at a loss of x%, always give an overall loss. Wheat and rice each sold for Rs. 308 at 12% gain and loss have costs Rs. 275 and Rs. 350, so the total loss is Rs. 9.
5. When SP changes and the percentage changes, the difference in SP equals the difference in percent of CP. If a 15% gain becomes a 2% loss when the price drops by Rs. 340, then 17% of CP = 340 and CP = Rs. 2000.
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Study Material and Revision Notes for Class 8 Mathematics Profit and Loss
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FAQs
You can download the teacher prepared revision notes for CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Profit and Loss Notes Set 11 from StudiesToday.com. These notes are designed as per 2026-27 academic session to help Class 8 students get the best study material for Mathematics.
Yes, our CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Profit and Loss Notes Set 11 include 50% competency-based questions with focus on core logic, keyword definitions, and the practical application of Mathematics principles which is important for getting more marks in 2026 CBSE exams.
Yes, our CBSE Class 8 Mathematics Profit and Loss Notes Set 11 provide a detailed, topic wise breakdown of the chapter. Fundamental definitions, complex numerical formulas and all topics of CBSE syllabus in Class 8 is covered.
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