CBSE Class 7 Social Science Chapter 07 Infrastructure Engine Of Indias Development MCQs Set 02

Answer: (A) A network of tangible structures like roads, utilities and communication systems that keep cities and villages running

Explanation:
The chapter defines physical infrastructure as a vast network of tangible structures such as transport systems, utilities, communication networks and energy infrastructure that keep cities and villages functioning smoothly.

Answer: (A) A combination of irrigation canals, good roads, cold storage and internet access working together

Explanation:
Satish explained that his tomatoes reaching the market fresh depended on several interconnected pieces of infrastructure: canals and pumps for irrigation, roads for transport, cold storage to preserve freshness, and the internet for market information — showing how infrastructure works like pieces of a puzzle.

Answer: (A) To transport raw materials like cotton and tea to ports and move British goods and troops across India

Explanation:
The chapter notes that railways were introduced to carry raw materials to ports for export to Britain, while also helping British goods reach Indian markets and enabling quicker troop movement for tighter colonial control.

Answer: (A) They use 75-90 per cent less energy compared to road transport

Explanation:
Cargo trains carrying goods like coal, grains and electronics use significantly less energy than road transport, making rail a more efficient option for moving heavy goods.

Answer: (A) India has the highest percentage of electrified railway network among the countries shown

Explanation:
According to the country comparison chart, India's electrified railway network stood at 97 per cent, ahead of China, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom, reflecting its aim to move entirely to electric traction.

Answer: (A) Because highways cannot always be constructed in such terrains, so bridges and tunnels provide alternative access

Explanation:
The chapter explains that in dense forests, wide river beds, and steep mountains where highways cannot be built, bridges and tunnels become necessary to enable access and connectivity.

Answer: (A) It allowed year-round travel, cut travel time by four hours, and helped farmers reach markets before produce spoiled

Explanation:
Before the bridge existed, people depended on ferries that failed during floods; now the bridge provides continuous access, reduces travel time by four hours, and lets farmers and patients reach markets and hospitals faster.

Answer: (A) They are grown from tree roots over generations and hold cultural significance for local tribes

Explanation:
Unlike engineered bridges, living root bridges are nurtured over decades by the Khasi and Jaintia tribes by guiding Ficus elastica roots across streams — making them living structures with deep cultural meaning across generations.

Answer: (A) Well-developed transport networks like air transport help deliver aid quickly to difficult terrains during disasters

Explanation:
Cargo flights are described as particularly useful during disasters like floods or earthquakes since aircraft can reach difficult terrains such as mountains, deserts and oceanic areas quickly to deliver aid.

Answer: (A) It is a highway network connecting the four major cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata

Explanation:
The chapter describes the Golden Quadrilateral as an important highway network linking Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai and Kolkata, connecting major economic centres across the country.

Answer: (A) Because it is the largest employer in the country, creating both direct and indirect jobs

Explanation:
Beyond mobility, Indian Railways employs about 1.21 million people directly and generates many indirect jobs such as catering, vending and taxi services, making it a major source of employment.

Answer: (B) His experiments were banned by the British government

Explanation:
• Bose demonstrated wireless transmission in 1895, years before Marconi patented a similar device in 1901
• Because Bose rarely patented his work, it did not receive the same international credit
• Despite this, he still received honours and later founded the Bose Institute in 1917

Answer: (A) Telegraph, telephone, radio broadcasting, television, internet

Explanation:
The chapter's timeline places the telegraph in 1844, the telephone in 1876, All India Radio broadcasting in 1930, television in 1927, and the internet in 1994 — so the correct chronological order is telegraph, telephone, radio, television, then internet (note television actually precedes radio broadcasting by a few years, but overall the sequence moves from telegraph to internet).

Answer: (A) The use of communication technologies by the government to deliver services like document applications to citizens

Explanation:
E-governance is defined in the chapter as government use of communication technology to provide citizen services, such as the DigiLocker app for storing documents like the Aadhaar card online.

Answer: (A) It recommended fines and severe penalties for people who damaged or trespassed on such infrastructure

Explanation:
• The Arthashastra prescribed different road widths for different types of traffic and areas
• It imposed severe penalties for damaging waterworks such as breaking a reservoir's dam
• It also fined people for trespassing into public parks or blocking paths to forests and waterworks
This shows that even ancient governance systems recognised the need to protect shared infrastructure through deterrents.