CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 03 Electricity Circuits And Their Components MCQs Set 03

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for Class 7 Science: Chapter 03 Electricity Circuits And Their Components

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Question: At the hydroelectric power station in Bhakra, which physical process is used to generate electricity?
A. The burning of coal to heat water and create steam
B. The force of descending water rotating turbines
C. Solar panels converting sunlight directly into electrical energy
D. Wind turbines spinning in the mountain breeze
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The force of descending water rotating turbines

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that at the Bhakra Nangal Dam's hydroelectric power house, the force of falling water is used to generate electricity. This is mentioned at the very beginning of the chapter when describing Nihal's school trip.

Question: When examining the structure of an electric cell, the metal disc at the base represents which terminal?
A. The positive terminal, which attracts current
B. The negative terminal, where current flows outward
C. A neutral contact point that has no electrical function
D. A safety mechanism to prevent short circuits
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The negative terminal, where current flows outward

Explanation:
In Activity 3.2, the chapter describes that an electric cell has a small protruding metal cap (positive terminal) on one side and a flat metal disc on the other side (negative terminal). The metal disc is clearly identified as the negative terminal.

Question: In a circuit diagram, if you see two parallel lines of different lengths positioned next to each other, what component does this symbol represent?
A. A switch in the closed position
B. An electric cell
C. An incandescent lamp
D. A connecting wire
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) An electric cell

Explanation:
Table 3.2 in section 3.3 shows that the symbol for an electric cell consists of two parallel lines of different lengths—the long line represents the positive terminal and the short line represents the negative terminal.

Question: What must happen for a circuit to allow electric current to flow from a cell to a lamp and back to the cell?
A. The lamp must be brighter than the cell's output
B. A continuous path must exist with no breaks or gaps
C. Both terminals of the cell must connect to the same terminal of the lamp
D. The wires must be made of rubber or plastic material
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) A continuous path must exist with no breaks or gaps

Explanation:
An electrical circuit, as explained in section 3.2.5, provides a complete path for electric current to flow. The lamp glows only when current passes through the circuit, which requires an unbroken pathway from the positive terminal of the cell, through the lamp, and back to the negative terminal.

Question: Which of the following best explains why copper is chosen over silver or gold for manufacturing electrical wires?
A. Copper conducts electricity much faster than these metals
B. Copper is just as good a conductor but far more economical and readily available
C. Copper does not require plastic covering for safety reasons
D. Copper is easier to bend and shape into thin wires
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Copper is just as good a conductor but far more economical and readily available

Explanation:
The 'Dive Deeper' section on conductors states that silver, copper, and gold are the best electrical conductors, but copper is mainly used for making wires due to its comparatively lower cost and abundant supply, even though it is not the best conductor.

Question: During Activity 3.7, when an LED was first connected with its longer wire to the positive terminal and the shorter wire to the negative terminal, and then these connections were reversed in the second attempt, why did the LED behave differently in each case?
A. The battery lost its charge between the two attempts
B. Current can only flow through an LED in one direction, determined by its terminals
C. The longer wire of the LED acts as an insulator when reversed
D. LEDs require alternating current rather than direct current from batteries
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Current can only flow through an LED in one direction, determined by its terminals

Explanation:
• Current flows through an LED only in one direction
• The positive terminal (longer wire) must connect to the battery's positive terminal
• The negative terminal (shorter wire) must connect to the battery's negative terminal
• Reversing these connections prevents current flow, so the LED does not glow.

Question: What visual difference would you notice between a circuit diagram symbol showing a switch in the 'ON' position versus the 'OFF' position?
A. The ON symbol has a closed circle while OFF has an open circle
B. The ON symbol shows a continuous line while OFF shows a break or gap
C. There is no visual difference; both symbols look identical
D. The ON symbol is colored green while OFF is colored red
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The ON symbol shows a continuous line while OFF shows a break or gap

Explanation:
In Table 3.2 (section 3.3), the switch symbol in 'ON' position is shown as a continuous line connecting two circles, while the 'OFF' position shows the same circles but with a gap or break in the line, representing the open circuit.

Question: When a student removed about 1 cm of plastic insulation from both ends of connecting wires during circuit construction, what was the purpose of this step?
A. To make the wires thinner and easier to connect
B. To expose the metal underneath so current could flow through the connections
C. To reduce the overall length of wire needed for the circuit
D. To prevent the wires from overheating during use
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) To expose the metal underneath so current could flow through the connections

Explanation:
Metal conducts electricity while plastic does not. Removing the plastic insulation exposes the conducting metal inside, which is essential for allowing electric current to pass through the wires to complete the circuit. Without this step, the plastic coating would block the flow of current.

Question: Based on the chapter's explanation of electrical conductors and insulators, which statement correctly identifies both a conductor and an insulator?
A. Glass is a conductor; copper is an insulator
B. Wood is a conductor; metal is an insulator
C. Metal is a conductor; rubber is an insulator
D. Paper is a conductor; aluminum is an insulator
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Metal is a conductor; rubber is an insulator

Explanation:
The conduction tester activity (Activity 3.11) and Table 3.3 demonstrate that metals like copper allow current to flow (conductors) while rubber prevents current from flowing (insulator). The chapter specifically mentions metal spoons glowing the lamp while rubber erasers do not.

Question: Why does the chapter warn specifically against using electricity from household wall sockets for student experiments, recommending only batteries or cells instead?
A. Wall socket electricity is more expensive and wasteful
B. Household power is far more dangerous and can cause serious injury or death
C. Batteries provide a stronger current for better results
D. Wall socket electricity changes direction unpredictably
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Household power is far more dangerous and can cause serious injury or death

Explanation:
The Caution box in section 3.1 explicitly states that electricity can be dangerous if not carefully handled, and that even portable generators can be dangerous. Household power from wall sockets carries much higher voltage and current than batteries, making it extremely hazardous for experimental use by students.

Question: In the circuit shown in Activity 3.6's Table 3.1, arrangements 1 and 6 showed the lamp glowing while others did not. What was the key difference between these successful arrangements and the unsuccessful ones?
A. Arrangements 1 and 6 used thicker wires than the others
B. In arrangements 1 and 6, both terminals of the lamp connected to opposite terminals of the cell
C. Arrangements 1 and 6 had shorter connecting wires
D. In arrangements 1 and 6, the switch was in a different position
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) In arrangements 1 and 6, both terminals of the lamp connected to opposite terminals of the cell

Explanation:
For a complete circuit to exist and current to flow, one lamp terminal must connect to one cell terminal and the other lamp terminal must connect to the other cell terminal. The arrangements shown in positions 1 and 6 satisfied this requirement, while others broke this continuity.

Question: How does connecting two cells in series (positive of one to negative of the next) to form a battery differ from placing them side by side?
A. Series connection provides more energy for a longer time or greater power output
B. Side-by-side placement is safer but less efficient
C. There is no difference in the electrical output between these methods
D. Series connection actually reduces the available electrical energy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (A) Series connection provides more energy for a longer time or greater power output

Explanation:
The chapter states that connecting more than one cell in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3.3 (positive to negative) provides energy to the circuit for a longer time and/or more energy compared to using a single cell. This series arrangement increases the total voltage available to power devices.

Question: If you were to test six cells using the conduction tester method described in Activity 3.11, what would indicate that a particular cell is working properly?
A. The cell gets hot to the touch
B. The lamp glows when the wire ends touch both terminals of the cell
C. The cell makes a clicking sound
D. The wire ends spark when they contact the cell terminals
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The lamp glows when the wire ends touch both terminals of the cell

Explanation:
In the conduction tester setup, a working cell creates a complete circuit that allows current to flow, causing the lamp in the tester to glow. This glow indicates that the cell is generating electrical energy and functioning properly. If the lamp does not glow, the cell is not working.

Question: What structural difference between the two wires attached to an LED allows you to identify which terminal is positive and which is negative?
A. The positive wire is thicker and the negative wire is thinner
B. The positive wire is longer and the negative wire is shorter
C. The positive wire is insulated while the negative wire is bare metal
D. The wires are colored red for positive and black for negative
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) The positive wire is longer and the negative wire is shorter

Explanation:
During Activity 3.5, the chapter notes that one of the LED's wires is longer than the other. Specifically, the longer wire attaches to the positive terminal and the shorter wire attaches to the negative terminal of the LED.

Question: In a simple switch constructed using a safety pin and drawing pins (Activity 3.8), what physical action completes the circuit and allows current to flow?
A. Pulling the safety pin away from the drawing pins
B. Rotating the safety pin so its free end touches the second drawing pin
C. Bending the safety pin at a right angle
D. Removing the safety pin entirely from the cardboard
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Rotating the safety pin so its free end touches the second drawing pin

Explanation:
When the safety pin rotates until its free end touches the second drawing pin, it closes the gap and completes the path, allowing current to flow. This is the 'ON' position. When it does not touch, the gap prevents current flow, which is the 'OFF' position.

Question: Why are wires in household electrical systems covered with plastic or rubber materials rather than left bare metal?
A. To make the wires more flexible and easier to install
B. To insulate them and protect people from accidental contact with the conducting metal inside
C. To improve the appearance of electrical installations
D. To reduce the speed at which electricity travels through the wires
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) To insulate them and protect people from accidental contact with the conducting metal inside

Explanation:
• Insulators like rubber, plastic, and ceramics prevent current from flowing where it should not
• They protect people from electric shocks by covering the conducting wires
• They keep the current confined to the intended path within the circuit
• This is why wires, switches, plugs, and sockets all use insulating materials on the outside.

Question: What conclusion can be drawn if, during the conduction tester activity, the lamp glows when tested with a metal coin but does not glow when tested with a plastic scale?
A. The metal coin is broken while the plastic scale is in good condition
B. Metal is a conductor of electricity while plastic is an insulator
C. The metal coin is thicker and therefore conducts better
D. Plastic conducts electricity more slowly than metal
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) Metal is a conductor of electricity while plastic is an insulator

Explanation:
A glowing lamp indicates that electric current can flow through the material being tested. Since the lamp glows with the metal coin, metal is classified as a conductor. Since the lamp does not glow with plastic, plastic is classified as an insulator. This is the fundamental distinction explained in section 3.4.

Question: When Nihal and his classmates examined the inside of a torchlight during their exploration, they discovered it contained which portable source of electrical energy?
A. electric wires
B. electric cells
C. light bulbs
D. switches
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) electric cells

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly states that when students open a torchlight, they find two or more electric cells inside. These cells serve as the portable source of electrical energy that powers the device.

Question: In Activity 3.3, when students rearranged the cells inside a torch in different orders, the lamp glowed only in one specific configuration. This successful arrangement required connecting which part of one cell to which part of the next cell?
A. positive terminal to positive terminal
B. negative terminal to negative terminal
C. positive terminal of one cell to negative terminal of the next cell
D. positive terminal to the side of the next cell
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) positive terminal of one cell to negative terminal of the next cell

Explanation:
The chapter shows that in a successful battery arrangement, the positive terminal of one cell must connect to the negative terminal of the adjacent cell. This specific connection pattern is what enables the lamp to glow.

Question: According to the text, what is the primary reason the chapter recommends using only batteries or cells for electrical experiments rather than household power supply?
A. Batteries are cheaper than wall outlets
B. Household electricity is too weak to make lamps glow
C. Electricity from power supply can be dangerous if not carefully handled
D. Batteries last longer than wall socket electricity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Electricity from power supply can be dangerous if not carefully handled

Explanation:
The caution section explicitly warns that electricity from wall sockets can be dangerous if not carefully handled, and even electricity from portable generators can be dangerous, which is why students should use only batteries or cells for safe experimentation.

Question: In Activity 3.7, when the LED was connected with its longer wire to the positive terminal of the battery and the shorter wire to the negative terminal, the LED glowed. When the wires were reversed in the second attempt, the LED did not glow. What does this observation reveal about LEDs?
A. LEDs require much more voltage than incandescent lamps
B. Current can pass through an LED in both directions equally well
C. Current can pass through an LED in only one direction
D. LEDs are too fragile for practical use in circuits
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) Current can pass through an LED in only one direction

Explanation:
• The chapter states that current passes through an LED in one direction only.
• The longer wire (positive terminal) must connect to the positive terminal of the battery.
• When connections are reversed, the directional flow requirement is not met, and the LED does not glow.

Question: If a student forgot to remove the plastic insulation covering from the connecting wires while building a circuit with a working cell and lamp, what outcome would result?
A. the lamp would glow very brightly
B. the lamp would glow dimly at first then brighten
C. the lamp would not glow because the plastic prevents current flow
D. the lamp would glow but only with an LED, not an incandescent lamp
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (C) the lamp would not glow because the plastic prevents current flow

Explanation:
The insulation covering is what prevents electric current from flowing through the metal wire. Without removing this covering at both ends, the exposed metal sections cannot connect properly, breaking the complete circuit path needed for current to flow through the lamp.

Question: In the conduction tester experiment (Activity 3.11), when the lamp glowed after the wire ends touched both ends of a metal key but did not glow when touching a wooden stick, what classification would be assigned to each material respectively?
A. key is insulator, stick is conductor
B. key is conductor, stick is insulator
C. both are conductors but key is better
D. both are insulators but key is stronger
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) key is conductor, stick is insulator

Explanation:
Materials allowing current flow make the tester lamp glow and are classified as conductors. Materials blocking current flow do not light the lamp and are insulators. Metals like the key are good conductors, while wood like the stick is an insulator.

Question: Looking at the circuit diagram symbols provided in Table 3.2, which of the following correctly describes what the long and short lines represent in the battery symbol?
A. long line is negative, short line is positive
B. long line is positive, short line is negative
C. both lines represent the same thing but at different times
D. the lines only show direction of current flow, not polarity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) long line is positive, short line is negative

Explanation:
The chapter explicitly explains in the section on circuit diagrams that in the symbol for an electric cell, the long line represents the positive terminal while the short line represents the negative terminal.

Question: In Activity 3.9, when the safety pin was rotated until it touched the second drawing pin, what change occurred in the circuit that allowed the lamp to glow?
A. the switch increased the battery voltage
B. the gap in the circuit was closed, completing the path for current flow
C. the wires were shortened and became better conductors
D. the lamp filament became hotter and brighter
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (B) the gap in the circuit was closed, completing the path for current flow

Explanation:
When the safety pin touched the second drawing pin, it completed the circuit by closing the gap that had previously broken the path. This allowed electric current to flow from the positive terminal of the cell, through the lamp, and back to the negative terminal, making the lamp glow.

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