CBSE Class 11 English Discursive Passage Worksheet Set 01

Discursive Passage

1. There were hundreds of us in the lecture hall, watching the descent of the Vikram Lander, with the Pragyan rover, descending on the lunar surface, its thrusters in full force, slowing down the free fall of the delicate component of the Chandrayaan-2 spacecraft, all 1498 kg of it hurtling down, pulled by the gravity of Moon. It had separated from the rest of the spacecraft four days ago, leaving the orbiter in its path about 100 km above the lunar surface, where it is going to spend at least 7 years, with its eight excellent instruments sending back crucial scientific information about the Moon, its environment and even the Sun.
2. We were applauding as the green dot on the plot of the landing trajectory, showing the altitude and the range of the lander, reached about two km above the surface, at that point its speed was about 50 m/s. Far too high still, we thought- it had to come well below 5 m/s for a soft landing as it reached the ground. Then our spirits fell as it deviated from the expected course, and got stuck, indicating that we had lost communication. This is the phase, which the ISRO Chairperson Dr. K. Sivan had described as the, “15 minutes of terror”. We still haven’t recovered communication, but thermal imaging from the orbiter’s cameras has located the site of the landing on Sunday. The extent of the damage to Vikram is still being assessed. If things had gone according to plan, India would have joined the elite club of three other nations that have landed in one piece on an extra-terrestrial surface–the Moon, Marsor an asteroid. If the Rover had been out on its 14 days prowl, we would have learnt about the traces of gaseous elements near the surface of the Moon and also about the low level Moonquakes from the embedded seismometer.
3. Chandrayaan-2 was launched in July on the GSLV-3, taking a complicated, fuel efficient path to the Moon lasting over 40 days. In contrast with the Apollo missions being launched on the more powerful Saturn-V launchers in the 1960s, this mission was kept affordable, but sent the mission on a long journey fraught with possible pitfalls. Till the last minute, the entire manoeuvre had worked like clockwork, showing the high level of sophistication that ISRO is capable of in its planning, design, fabrication and execution. This in my mind is the major success story of ISRO so far in this mission.
4. We are now hopeful that we will gain contact with Vikram, lovingly named after the founder of ISRO in its birth centenary year. Even if some of the instruments can be made to work, we would have valuable information and images close to the lunar surface and learn more about what to do and what not to in our next attempt. It is also time to look beyond the landing event. Chandrayaan-2 is so much more than the landing event, which seemed to have caught most of the attention of the public and the media. On the rest of the vehicle in orbit, we have two very sophisticated imagers. The high-resolution Orbiter Camera photographs the lunar surface to a resolution of 0.3 m, the best in any Moon mission so far, by any nation. Another terrain-mapping camera takes photos in multiple colours. Since all previous missions had concentrated on the equatorial region and northern hemisphere of the Moon, Chandrayaan-2’s work in the southern polar region will be unique.
5. The CLASS instrument on the orbiter will quantify the amount of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium and other useful elements on or below the lunar surface through X-ray fluorescence. The IIRS instrument, also on the orbiter, will tell us about water and minerals under the surface. In addition to detecting them, it can also help us quantify and tell us about how hard they would be to extract. Why do we need this information? It is inevitable that one day humans will have to go out into the solar system to look for resources, and even for habitation. India being one of the most populous nation of the Earth will have to play a major role.
6. Even if we choose not to live on the Moon, we need a Moon base, as a refuelling station, or as an assembly or service station. We have to know what resources are available on the Moon. What if a small part of this mission is not successful? In my mind, the journey of ISRO team that has brought the mission to where it is now, is more important than the task that will be performed. Similarly, the complicated journey of the spacecraft from the Earth to and around the Moon has adequately demonstrated what Indian technology can achieve.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten of the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

Question. (a) How many days ago was Vikram Lander separated from the spacecraft?
(a) one day
(b) two days
(c) three days
(d) four days
Answer: (d) four days

Question. (b) For how long it is supposed to remain upon the lunar surface?
(a) 5 years
(b) 6 years
(c) 7 years
(d) 8 years
Answer: (c) 7 years

Question. (c) Chandrayaan-2 was supposed to land on......
(a) Southern Pole
(b) Northern Pole
(c) Lunar surface
(d) Equatorial region
Answer: (a) Southern Pole

Question. (d) The CLASS instrument on the orbiter will quantify the amount of which of the following element?
(a) image 1
(b) image 2
(c) image 3
(d) image 4
Answer: (d) image 4

Question. (e Chandrayaan-2 was launched in July on the...............
(a) ALSV-5
(b) GSLV-3
(c) IIRS
(d) GSLV-4 1.2
Answer: (b) GSLV-3

Question. (f) Why were the scientists happy when they saw the green dot on the trajectory?
(a) because it told about water and minerals under the surface.
(b) because it indicated the altitude and the range of the lander.
(c) because it told about the presence of gaseous elements.
(d) because it reached in expected course of time.
Answer: (b) because it indicated the altitude and the range of the lander.

Question. (g) What is the function of CLASS instrument on the orbiter?
(a) It gives information about the moon.
(b) It shows images of the moon.
(c) It quantifies the amount of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium and other useful elements on or below the lunar surface.
(d) It measures the air pressure on moon.
Answer: (c) It quantifies the amount of calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium and other useful elements on or below the lunar surface.

Question. (h) Which things are available on the moon even if we don’t make it our habitat?
(a) a moon base
(b) a refuelling station
(c) a service station
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. (i) Which word in the passage means same as ‘distinctive’? (para 4)
(a) concentrated
(b) unique
(c) valuable
(d) sophisticated
Answer: (b) unique

Question. (j) Pick the option that tells the feeling of the writer when the Lander deviated from the expected course, and got stuck, indicating that it had lost communication.
(a) frustrating
(b) provoking
(c) disheartening
(d) hostile
Answer: (c) disheartening

Passage

1. We sit in the last row, bumped about but free of stares. The bus rolls out of the dull crossroads of the city, and we are soon in open countryside, with fields of sunflowers as far as the eye can see, their heads all facing us. Where there is no water, the land reverts to desert. While still on level ground, we see in the distance the tall range of the Mount Bogda, abrupt like a shining prism laid horizontally on the desert surface. It is over 5,000 metres high, and the peaks are under permanent snow, in powerful contrast to the flat desert all around. Heaven Lake lies part of the way up this range about 2,000 metres above sea-level, at the foot of one of the higher snow-peaks.
2. As the bus climbs, the sky, brilliant before, grows overcast. I have brought nothing warm to wear: it is all down at the hotel in Urumqi. Rain begins to fall. The man behind me is eating overpoweringly smelly goat’s cheese. The bus window leaks inhospitably but reveals a beautiful view. We have passed quickly from desert through arable land to pasture, and the ground is now green with grass, the slopes dark with pine. A few cattle drink at a clear stream flowing past moss-covered stones; it is a Constable landscape. The stream changes into a white torrent, and as we climb higher, I wish more and more that I had brought with me something warmer than the pair of shorts that have served me so well in the desert. The stream which, we are told, rises in Heaven Lake, disappears, and we continue our slow ascent. About noon, we arrive at Heaven Lake, and look for a place to stay at the foot, which is the resort area. We get a room in a small cottage, and I am happy to note that there are thick quilts on the beds.
3. Standing outside the cottage, we survey our surroundings. Heaven Lake is long, sardine-shaped and fed by snowmelt from a stream at its head. The lake is an intense blue, surrounded on all sides by green mountain walls, dotted with distant sheep. At the head of the lake, beyond the delta of the inflowing stream, is a massive snowcapped peak which dominates the vista; it is part of a series of peaks that culminate, a little out of view, in Mount Bogda itself.
4. For those who live in the resort, there is a small mess-hall by the shore. We eat here sometimes, and sometimes buy food from the vendors outside, who sell Kabab and naan until the last buses leave. The kababs, cooked on skewers over charcoal braziers, are particularly good; highly spiced and well-done. Horse’s milk is available too from the local Kazakh herdsmen, but I decline this. I am so affected by the cold that Mr. Cao, the relaxed young man who runs the mess, lends me a spare pair of trousers, several sizes too large but more than comfortable. Once I am warm again, I feel a pre-dinner spurt of energy— dinner will be long in coming—and I ask him whether the lake is good for swimming in. “Swimming?” Mr. Cao says, “You aren’t thinking of swimming, are you?”
5. “I thought I might,” I confess. “What’s the water like?” He doesn’t answer me immediately, turning instead to examine some receipts with exaggerated interest. Mr. Cao, with great off-handedness, addresses the air. “People are often drowned here”, he says. After a pause, he continues. “When was the last one?” This question is directed at the cook, who is preparing a tray of “mantou” (squat, white steamed bread rolls), and who now appears, wiping his doughy hand across his forehead. “Was it the Beijing athlete?” asks Mr. Cao.

Question. On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten of the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

Question. (a) One benefit of sitting in the last row of the bus was that......
(a) the narrator enjoyed the bumps
(b) no one stared at him
(c) he could see the sunflowers
(d) he avoided the dullness of the city
Answer: (b) no one stared at him

Question. (b) The narrator was travelling to.......
(a) Mount Bogda
(b) Heaven Lake
(c) a 2,000-metre high snow-peak
(d) Urumqi
Answer: (b) Heaven Lake

Question. (c) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the CORRECT sequence of the process.
1. As the bus climbs, the sky, brilliant before, grows overcast
2. The kababs, cooked on skewers over charcoal braziers, are particularly good; highly spiced and well-done.
3. The bus rolls out of the dull crossroads of the city, and we are soon in open countryside
4. We get a room in a small cottage, and I am happy to note that there are thick quilts on the beds
(a) 1, 3, 4, 2
(b) 2, 3, 4, 1
(c) 3, 1, 4, 2
(d) 4, 3, 1, 2
Answer: (c) 3, 1, 4, 2

Question. (d) Mount Bogda is compared to.......
(a) a horizontal desert surface
(b) a shining prism
(c) a constable landscape
(d) the overcast sky
Answer: (b) a shining prism

Question. (e) The man behind the narrator was eating overpoweringly.......
(a) smelly goat’s cheese
(b) smelly pickles
(c) fragrant fruits
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) smelly goat’s cheese

Question. (f) What did the narrator see at distance from the bus when they were still on ground?
(a) the tall range of the Mount Bogda
(b) the wide range of forests
(c) snow-covered hills
(d) sheep and goats mounting the hills
Answer: (a) the tall range of the Mount Bogda

Question. (g) Where has the narrator left his warm clothes?
(a) at home
(b) in the bus
(c) in the hotel
(d) at his friend’s house
Answer: (c) in the hotel

Question. (h) What is ‘Mantou’?
(a) a thick hamburger
(b) a squat, garlic bread
(c) a squat, white steamed bread roll
(d) a squat, hotdog
Answer: (c) a squat, white steamed bread roll

Question. (i) Which word in the passage means same as ‘terminate’? (para 3)
(a) culminate
(b) intense
(c) dominate
(d) distant
Answer: (a) culminate

Question. (j) As the bus climbs up while heading towards Mount Bogda, how did the weather begin to change?
1. It was becoming warmer.
2. It was becoming cooler.
3. It began raining.
4. The snow started falling down.
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 3 and 4
Answer: (b) 2 and 3

Passage

1. Swami Vivekananda was a Hindu monk and one of the most celebrated spiritual leaders of India. He was more than just a spiritual mind; he was a prolific thinker, great orator and passionate patriot. He carried forward the free-thinking philosophy of his guru, Ramakrishna Paramhansa into a new paradigm. He worked tirelessly towards betterment of the society, in servitude of the poor and needy, dedicating his all for his country. He was responsible for the revival of Hindu spiritualism and established Hinduism as a revered religion on world stage. His message of universal brotherhood and self-awakening remains relevant especially in the current backdrop of widespread political turmoil around the world.
2. The young monk and his teachings have been an inspiration to many and his words have become goals of self-improvement especially for the youth of the country. For this very reason, his birthday, January 12, is celebrated as the National Youth Day in India. Born as Narendranath Dutta, into an affluent Bengali family in Calcutta, Vivekananda was one of the eight children of Vishwanath Dutta and Bhuvaneshwari Devi. He was born on January 12, 1863. Father Vishwanath was a successful attorney with considerable influence in society. Narendranath’s mother Bhuvaneshwari was a woman endowed with a strong, God-fearing mind who had a great impact on her son.
3. As a young boy, Narendranath displayed sharp intellect. He was mischievous by nature but also had interest in music, both instrumental as well as vocal. He excelled in his studies as well, first at the Metropolitan institution, and later at the Presidency College in Calcutta. By the time he graduated from the college, he had acquired a vast knowledge of different subjects. He was active in sports, gymnastics, wrestling and body building. He was an avid reader and read up on almost everything under the sun. He perused the Hindu scriptures like the Bhagvad Gita and the Upanishads on one hand, while on the other hand he studied western philosophy, history and spirituality by David Hume, Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Herbert Spencer.
4. Although Narendranath’s mother was a devout woman and he had grown up in a religious atmosphere at home, he underwent a deep spiritual crisis at the start of his youth. His well-studied knowledge led him to question the existence of God and for some time he believed in Agnosticism. Yet he could not completely ignore the existence of a Supreme Being. He became associated with Brahmo Movement led by Keshab Chandra Sen, for some time. The Bramho Samaj recognised one God unlike the idol-worshipping, superstition ridden Hinduism. The host of philosophical questions regarding the existence of God rolling through his mind remained unanswered. During this spiritual crisis, Vivekananda first heard about Sri Ramakrishna from William Hastie, the Principal of the Scottish Church College.
5. Earlier, to satisfy his intellectual quest for God, Narendranath visited prominent spiritual leaders from all religions, asking them a single question, “Have you seen God?” Each time he came away without a satisfying answer. He put forward the same question to Sri Ramkrishna at his residence in Dakshineshwar Kali Temple compounds. Without a moment’s hesitation, Sri Ramakrishna replied: “Yes, I have. I see God as clearly as I see you, only in a much deeper sense.” Vivekananda, initially unimpressed by the simplicity of Ramkrishna, was astonished with Ramakrishna’s reply. Ramakrishna gradually won over this argumentative young man with his patience and love. The more Narendranath visited Dakshineshwar, the more his questions were answered.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten of the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

Question. (a) Swami Vivekananda was a.......
(a) spiritual leader
(b) philosopher
(c) reader
(d) motivational speaker
Answer: (a) spiritual leader

Question. (b) Narendranath believed in Agnosticism which meant.......
(a) believing in existence of God
(b) believing in non- existence of God
(c) following religion strongly
(d) not following the religion
Answer: (b) believing in non- existence of God

Question. (c) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the CORRECT order of the events in the life of Swami Vivekananda:
1. Narendranath was also associated with the Brahmo Movement.
2. He studied both the Hindu scriptures and western philosophy and spirituality.
3. Narendranath was born on January 12, 1863.
4. Ramkrishna’s simplistic nature eventually won over Narendranath.
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 4, 2, 1, 3
(c) 3, 2, 1, 4
(d) 1, 4, 2, 3
Answer: (c) 3, 2, 1, 4

Question. (d) What was Vishwanatha Datta’s profession?
(a) attorney
(b) spiritual leader
(c) teacher
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) attorney

Question. (e) Which option represents INCORRECT data related to the life of Swami Vivekananda?
(a) Swami Vivekananda preached the message of universal brotherhood.
(b) Swami Vivekananda showed more interest in music than in academics.
(c) In his youth, Swami Vivekananda believed in Agnosticism.
(d) Swami Vivekananda heard about Sri Ramakrishna from the principal of the Scottish Church College.
Answer: (b) Swami Vivekananda showed more interest in music than in academics.

Question. (f) Which option represents the CORRECT traits of Swami Vivekananda?
(a) option 1: Intellectual, Monarchist, Orator
(b) option 2: Intellectual, Argumentative, Spiritual
(c) option 3: Intellectual, Patriot, Atheist
(d) option 4: Orator, Patriot, Nihilist
Answer: (b) option 2

Question. (g) Vivekananda’s birthday, January 12, is celebrated as ..................
(a) The National Religious Day
(b) The National Youth Day in India
(c) The Youth Parliamentary Day
(d) The Awakening Youth of India
Answer: (b) The National Youth Day in India

Question. (h) What other qualities did Vivekanand possess besides having spiritual mind?
(a) a prolific thinker
(b) a great orator
(c) a passionate patriot
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. (i) Why did Narendranath visit prominent spiritual leaders from all religions?
(a) to understand different religions properly
(b) to get the knowledge of different faiths
(c) to get the knowledge of whereabouts of God
(d) to spread religious thoughts
Answer: (c) to get the knowledge of whereabouts of God

Question. (j) Which word in the passage is opposite to ‘half hearted’? (para 3)
(a) perused
(b) belied
(c) affluent
(d) avid
Answer: (d) avid

Question. (k) Pick the options that CORRECTLY list the feelings that Swami Vivekananda had in his youth towards God.
1. agnostic 2. confused
3. faithful 4. atheist
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Answer: (a) 1 and 2

Passage

1. Mahatma Gandhi, by name of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, (born October 2, 1869, Porbandar, India, died January 30, 1948, Delhi), Indian lawyer, politician, social activist and writer who became the leader of the nationalist movement against the British rule of India. As such, he came to be considered as the father of his country. Gandhi is internationally esteemed for his doctrine of non-violent protest (Satyagraha) to achieve political and social progress.
2. In the eyes of millions of his fellow Indians, Gandhi was the Mahatma (‘Great Soul’). The unthinking adoration of the huge crowds that gathered to see him all along the route of his tours made them a severe ordeal; he could hardly work during the day or rest at night. “The woes of the Mahatmas,” he wrote, “are known only to the Mahatmas.” His fame spread worldwide during his lifetime and only increased after his death. The name Mahatma Gandhi is now one of the most universally recognised on Earth.
3. Gandhi was the youngest child of his father’s fourth wife. His father was Karamchand Gandhi, who was the dewan (chief minister) of Porbandar, the capital of a small principality in western India (what is now in Gujarat state) under British suzerainty, did not have much in the way of a formal education. He was, however, an able administrator who knew how to steer his way between the capricious princes, their long suffering subjects and the headstrong British political officers in power. Gandhiji’s mother, Putlibai, was completely absorbed in religion, did not care much for finery or jewellery, divided her time between her home and the temple, fasted frequently and wore herself out in days and nights of nursing whenever there was sickness in the family. Mohandas grew up in a home steeped in Vaishnavism—worship of the Hindu God Vishnu, with a strong tinge of Jainism, a morally rigorous Indian religion whose chief tenets are non-violence and the belief that everything in the universe is eternal. Thus, he took for granted ahimsa (no injury to all living beings), vegetarianism, fasting for self-purification and mutual tolerance between adherents of various creeds and sects.
4. The educational facilities at Porbandar were rudimentary; in the primary school that Mohandas attended, the children wrote the alphabet in the dust with their fingers. Luckily for him, his father became dewan of Rajkot, another princely state. Though Mohandas occasionally won prizes and scholarships at the local schools, his record on the whole was mediocre. One of the terminal reports rated him as “good at English, fair in Arithmetic and weak in Geography; conduct very good, bad handwriting.” He was married at the age of 13 and thus lost a year at school. A diffident child, he shone neither in the classroom nor on the playing field. He loved to go out on long solitary walks when he was not nursing his by then ailing father (who died soon thereafter) or helping his mother with her household chores.
5. He had learned, in his words, “to carry out the orders of the elders, not to scan them.” With such extreme passivity, it is not surprising that he should have gone through a phase of adolescent rebellion, marked by secret atheism, petty thefts, furtive smoking, and most shocking of all for a boy born in a Vaishnava family, meat eating. His adolescence was probably no stormier than that of most children of his age and class. What was extraordinary was the way his youthful transgressions ended. ‘Never again’ was his promise to himself after each escapade. And he kept his promise. Beneath an unprepossessing exterior, he concealed a burning passion for self-improvement that led him to take even the heroes of Hindu mythology, such as Prahlada and Harishchandra, legendary embodiments of truthfulness and sacrifice as living models.
6. In 1887 Mohandas scraped through the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay (now University of Mumbai) and joined Samaldas College in Bhavnagar (Bhaunagar). As he had to suddenly switch from his native language—Gujarati—to English, he found it rather difficult to follow the lectures. Meanwhile, his family was debating his future. Left to himself, he would have liked to have been a doctor. But, besides the Vaishnava prejudice against vivisection, it was clear that, if he was to keep up the family tradition of holding high office in one of the states in Gujarat, he would have to qualify as a barrister. That meant a visit to England and Mohandas, who was not too happy at Samaldas College, jumped at the proposal. His youthful imagination conceived England as “a land of philosophers and poets, the very centre of civilisation. But there were several hurdles to be crossed before the visit to England could be realised. His father had left the family little property; moreover, his mother was reluctant to expose her youngest child to unknown temptations and dangers in a distant land. But Mohandas was determined to visit England. One of his brothers raised the necessary money and his mother’s doubts were allayed when he took a vow that, while away from home, he would not touch wine, women or meat. Mohandas disregarded the last obstacle, the decree of the leaders of the Modh Bania sub caste (Vaishya caste), to which the Gandhi’s belonged, who forbade his trip to England as a violation of the Hindu religion and sailed in September 1888. Ten days after his arrival, he joined the Inner Temple, one of the four London law colleges (The Temple).
7. Gandhi took his studies seriously and tried to brush up on his English and Latin by taking the University of London matriculation examination. But, during the three years he spent in England, his main preoccupation was with personal and moral issues rather than with academic ambitions. The transition from the half-rural atmosphere of Rajkot to the cosmopolitan life of London was not easy for him. As he struggled painfully to adapt himself to Western food, dress and etiquette, he felt awkward. His vegetarianism became a continual source of embarrassment to him; his friends warned him that it would wreck his studies as well as his health. Fortunately for him he came across a vegetarian restaurant as well as a book providing a reasoned defence of vegetarianism, which henceforth became a matter of conviction for him, not merely a legacy of his Vaishnava background. The missionary zeal he developed for vegetarianism helped to draw the pitifully shy youth out of his shell and gave him a new poise. He became a member of the executive committee of the London Vegetarian Society, attending its conferences and contributing articles to its journal. Africa was to present Gandhi challenges and opportunities that he could hardly have conceived. In the end he would spend more than two decades there, returning to India only briefly in 1896–97. The youngest two of his four children were born there.

On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer any ten of the following questions by choosing the most appropriate option:

Question. (a) Gandhiji’s nonviolent protest was......
(a) against the Britishers
(b) to achieve political and social progress
(c) to achieve freedom
(d) to flee Britishers from India
Answer: (b) to achieve political and social progress

Question. (b) Gandhiji was brought up in a family following......
(a) jainism
(b) ahimsa
(c) buddhism
(d) vaishnavism
Answer: (d) vaishnavism

Question. (c) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that lists the CORRECT sequence of the given sentences.
1. Gandhiji found transition from the half-rural atmosphere of Rajkot to the cosmopolitan life of London tough.
2. Gandhiji joined the Inner Temple, one of the four London law colleges.
3. Gandhiji was a diffident child, and loved to go out on long solitary walks.
4. Gandhiji became a member of the executive committee of the London Vegetarian Society,
(a) 1, 2, 3, 4
(b) 2, 3, 4, 1
(c) 2, 1, 4, 3
(d) 3, 2, 1, 4
Answer: (d) 3, 2, 1, 4

Question. (d) During his adolescence age, Gandhiji was......
(a) like other children of his age
(b) different from other children
(c) superior to them
(d) below the average children
Answer: (a) like other children of his age

Question. (e) Choose the option that represents INCORRECT data related to Mahatma Gandhi.
(a) Gandhi’s vegetarianism became a continual source of confidence for him.
(b) Gandhi developed a missionary zeal for vegetarianism which, helped to draw his pitifully shy youth out of his shell and gave him a new poise.
(c) Gandhi became a member of the executive committee of the London Vegetarian Society.
(d) Gandhi felt awkward as he struggled painfully to adapt to Western food, dress, and etiquette.
Answer: (a) Gandhi’s vegetarianism became a continual source of confidence for him.

Question. (f) Gandhiji became a member of the executive committee for the:
(a) London Vegetarian Society
(b) Indian Vegetarian Society
(c) US Vegetarian Society
(d) None of the options
Answer: (a) London Vegetarian Society

Question. (g) Which option represents the CORRECT list of vows Gandhiji promised his mother to abstain from, before sailing to England?
(a) option 1: Whiskey, Women, Meat
(b) option 2: Wine, Men, Meat
(c) option 3: Wine, Money, Meat
(d) option 4: Wine, Women, Meat
Answer: (d) option 4

Question. (h) What vow did Gandhiji take before going to London?
(a) he would not touch wine
(b) he would not touch women
(c) he would not touch meat
(d) All of the options
Answer: (d) All of the options

Question. (i) What difficulty did Gandhiji face in England?
(a) food
(b) language
(c) living place
(d) water
Answer: (a) food

Question. (j) Which word in the passage means the same as ‘unpleasant’? (para 2)
(a) ordeal
(b) adoration
(c) vows
(d) recognised
Answer: (a) ordeal

Question. (k) Pick the option that correctly lists the qualities of Gandhi in the passage.
(a) reserved
(b) unreserved
(c) diffident
(d) confident.
Answer: (c) diffident